Case Of Noma Research Articles

Noma in Viet-Nam.

With regard to 51 cases of noma treated in the infant medical clinic between April 1950 and March 1953 we came to the following conclusions:

Noma: Report of a case

A case of noma is presented, since this condition is rare and few eases have been reported in the literature.

NOMA

During recent decades there have been relatively few reports of cases of noma, and the older generation of physicians have observed but a limited number. The few records that appear in the literature are chiefly case reports. Textbooks still rely largely on descriptions given by older authors, which usually date back at least fifty years. In my late service as head of the academic children's clinic at Düsseldorf I saw but a single case of noma in ten years' experience, and in this case the disease was subsequent to measles. The absence of the condition in such a quantity of material as was there available made me minimize the importance of the disease in the practice of pediatrics. During my present service of three years I have, therefore, been astonished to have been able to observe no less than 40 cases of noma in the clinic of the Children's Hospital.

Cases of noma

Noma, water crayfish, was first described in 1816 (Baron). This severe suffering affects most children between the ages of 2 and 4. Cases of illness in older age are rare. The etiology of the disease is unknown. Chernyakhovsky considers it to be a maranth necrosis, and Krasin as an anemic necrosis. Oppel says that noma is a traumatic injury to the mucous membrane with the addition of infectious blood clots. Lexer argues that noma begins on the basis of inflammatory changes in the mucous membrane of the mouth. Schmidt finds no reason to isolate noma as an independent form of the disease and considers it to be a simple gangrene of the oral cavity. As the causative agents of the disease, diphtheria sticks, Vincent's sticks, streptotrix, leptotrix, cladotrix and symbiosis of spirochetes with a fusiform bacillus are called.

A case of noma (cancrum oris) complicating non-specific ulcerative colitis

1. A rare case of noma in an adult, complicating non-specific ulcerative colitis, is here described, possibly the first one of its kind to be reported.

Types of chronic infection about the mouth Report of cases of noma and of acrodynia

Types of chronic infection about the mouth Report of cases of noma and of acrodynia

Fatal case of noma with subacute course: A. S. Nathan (Brooklyn). Dental Outlook 17: 1, 1930

Fatal case of noma with subacute course: A. S. Nathan (Brooklyn). Dental Outlook 17: 1, 1930

A case of noma following measles: M. G. Winograd (Dixon, Ill.) The Dental Cosmos, August, 1926, lxviii, 8

A case of noma following measles: M. G. Winograd (Dixon, Ill.) The Dental Cosmos, August, 1926, lxviii, 8

Further Studies on Fusiform Bacilli and Spirilla

bacilli isolated in pure culture from the normal mouth. These organisms were anaerobic and differed only slightly culturally from those described by Dr. Weaver and me. Morphologically I found that after growing a few days filaments and decidedly spiral forms appeared. The spiral forms resembled the spirilla found in the smears made from the mouth and found in conjunction with the fusiform bacillus in ulceromembranous angina (Vincent's angina), ulceromembranous gingivitis, and noma. This was in accord with the opinion of various observers (Seiffert,4 Perthes,5 Herrman,6 and Neuof7) that the fusiform bacilli and spirilla are different forms of one organism. Several of these authors describe it as a cladothrix or streptothrix. Seiffert isolated in pure culture a cladothrix from two cases of noma. This organism produced threads, spirilla, and branching forms of cladothrix. No branching could be seen in any of my cultures. Ghon and Mucha8 and Kaspar and Kern9 isolated from abscesses anaerobic fusiform bacilli, which formed long filaments and were also extremely polymorphous.

DIPHTHERIA BACILLI AND NOMA.

It has been known for a long time that noma occurs in persons, especially children, when the general resistance of the body tissues has been lowered by various diseases, more especially by measles, but also by pertussis, scarlatina, typhoid and typhus fevers, and in one case, reported by Le Count, by amebic dysentery. Writers have generally suspected that some "specific agent" acts upon such susceptible tissues to produce the gangrene, and various investigators have described bacteria which they believed to be the essential cause of the necrosis, but subsequent research has failed to demonstrate the constant presence of any one of these microorganisms. In October, 1895, Bishop and Ryan¹reported before the Chicago Pathological Society a case of noma and two cases of ulcerative stomatitis, all occurring in brothers who had recently recovered from measles. From the case of noma and from one of the cases of ulcerative stomatitis,