Nocardia Otitidiscaviarum Research Articles

Primary subcutaneous abscess caused by Nocardia otitidiscaviarum

Primary subcutaneous abscess caused by Nocardia otitidiscaviarum

Isolation and characterization of an O-methylglucose-containing lipopolysaccharide produced by Nocardia otitidis-caviarum.

The low-Mr lipopolysaccharide produced by Nocardia otitidis-cavirum is composed of 6-O-methyl-D-glucose (11 mol), D-glucose (8 mol) and 3-O-methyl-D-glucose (1 mol). Glyceric acid was also found as a constituent. Methylation and periodate oxidation analyses suggested that the backbone was formed by (1----4)-linked glucose and O-methylglucose residues. Glucose (1 mol) and 6-O-methylglucose (1 mol) served as branching points. Acetic acid was the major acyl substituent esterifying glucose residues. The lipopolysaccharide was isolated from the cytoplasmic fraction. Several other Nocardia strains were examined; all possessed the same lipopolysaccharide in their extracts.

Occurrence of Corynomycolic Acids in Strains of Nocardia otitidis-caviarum

Summary: Studies of the hydroxylated fatty acids in strains of Nocardia otitidis-caviarum showed variations in mycolic acid patterns, some strains containing only nocardomycolic acids and other strains having both nocardomycolic and corynomycolic acids. Mass spectroscopy showed that most of the nocardomycolic acids contained 52 to 56 carbon atoms and two double bonds in the main chain; the corynomycolic acids had saturated or monounsaturated chains and 30 to 34 carbon atoms. In the strains having both types of mycolic acid, only nocardomycolic acids were found as cell wall components.

Correction of Four Specific Epithets That Are Hyphenated in the Approved Lists of Bacterial Names

Four species were listed in the Approved Lists of Bacterial Names with hyphenated specific epithets, which is in conflict with Rule 12a of the International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria. The hyphens are dropped, and the names are corrected to Nocardia otitidiscaviarum, Propionibacterium acidipropionici, Salmonella choleraesuis, and Treponema paraluiscuniculi.

Numerical and chemical classification of Nocardia amarae.

Twenty-one strains of Nocardia amarae and marker cultures of Mycobacterium, Nocardia, Rhodococcus and the 'aurantiaca' taxon were subjected to numerical phenetic analyses using 92 unit characters. The data were examined using the simple matching (SSM), Jaccard (SJ) and pattern (DP) coefficients and clustering was achieved using the unweighted average linkage algorithm. Neither cluster nor aggregate cluster composition was markedly affected by the coefficient used or by test error, estimated at 1.5%. The N. amarae strains formed a distinct and homogeneous cluster which showed its highest similarity to phena equated with Nocardia asteroides, Nocardia brasiliensis and Nocardia otitidis-caviarum. The non-hydroxylated fatty acid composition and overall size of the mycolic acids was similar to that found to be characteristic of Nocardia sensu stricto, though the long-chain in the 2-position of the mycolic acids was relatively much richer in monounsaturated components. Nocardia amarae, in containing dihydrogenated menaquinones with nine isoprene units, is clearly distinguished from established representatives of Nocardia.

Numerical classification of some named strains of Nocardia asteroides and related isolates from soil.

One hundred and forty-nine strains of nocardiae, freshly isolated from soil samples obtained from a number of countries with either tropical or temperate climates, and from rubber pipe seals, were compared with appropriate marker cultures in a numerical phenetic study using 156 unit characters. Marker strains were chosen to represent the Nocardia asteroides complex, other Nocardia species and related taxa in an effort both to classify the new soil isolates and, possibly, clarify the structure of the heterogeneous N. asteroides complex. The data were examined using the simple matching (SSM) and pattern (DP) coefficients, and clustering was achieved using both single and average linkage algorithms. Cluster composition was not markedly affected by either of the coefficients or clustering methods. The estimated test error of 7.1% was rather high and could account for a few apparently anomalous results. The 16 defined clusters, containing 185 of the 197 strains studied, were divided into seven major and nine minor clusters, four of which were further subdivided into two subclusters. Marker strains allowed four clusters to be designated as N. asteroides, seven as Nocardia species and one each as Nocardia carnea, Nocardia farcinica, Nocardia autotrophica, Mycobacterium farcinogenes and Rhodococcus species. Twelve strains formed single member clusters including the type strains of Nocardia aerocolonigenes, Nocardia amarae, Nocardia fukuyae, Nocardia orientalis and Nocardia otitidis-caviarum. The majority of the soil and rubber isolates were recovered in the major clusters labelled N. asteroides, N. carnea and Nocardia species and clusters of soil isolates without marker strains seem to represent new centres of variation. The study highlights the need for additional reproducible tests to help both define and determine the status of defined clusters within the N. asteroides complex which would considerably benefit both the ecological and epidemiological study of these organisms.

Status of the name Nocardia otitidis-caviarum Snijders 1924

SUMMARY The name Nocardia otiti dis caviar um (sic) Snijders 1 9 24 was proposed for an organism from the infected middle ears of guinea pigs in Sumatra. This name (the “Nocardia of otitis of guinea pigs”) is a correctly formed binary combination, is validly published and legitimate. Nomenclaturally junior synonyms have been employed in the four papers relative to this species, viz. Actinomyces caviae Erikson 1935, Nocardia caviae Erikson 1935 and Nocardia caviae Waksman and Henrici 1 948. Nocardia otitidiscaviarum Snijders 1 924 is the correct name.