Nizami Ganjavi Research Articles

“MAXZAN UL-ASROR” VA “HAYRAT UL-ABROR” DOSTONLARINING QIYOSIY TAHLILI

In Uzbek literary studies, Nizami Ganjavi’s epic “Makhzan ul-asror” translated by Jamal Kamal and Olimjon Boriyev and Alisher Navoi’s epic “Hayrat ul Abror” have not been comparatively studied based on the translation close to our current Uzbek literary language. We will talk about this in this article.

NATURE IN NIZAMI GANJAVI’S CREATIVITY

The works of the genius Azerbaijani poet Nizami Ganjavi are still relevant today due to the richness of the ideas and content. In the article, it was investigated Nizami Ganjavi’s creative attitude towards nature, scientific justification of natural phenomena, connection of natural phenomena with the mood of the characters, etc. examples of his works were given/ Also, there have been shown the possibilities of using Nizami Ganjavi’s works in the teaching of scence lessons taught in secondary general education schools.

XVIII CENTURY AZERBAIJAN HISTORICAL REALITY AND LITERATURE

Throughout the entire history of mankind, literature has been a fact of the time of its creation. When we look at the issue both in a universal context and in a local one, we see approximately the same picture. Just as Homer is a fact of ancient Greece, the work of the genius Azerbaijani poet Nizami Ganjavi of the 12th century is considered to be the fact of the mighty Seljuk Empire, the state of the Atabays of Azerbaijan. Khagani Shirvani's literary heritage, dominated by rebellious and grievous motives, was a literary phenomenon caused by the state of the Shirvanshahs, the Akhsitan dynasty. The invasion of the Mongols, the invasion of Emir Timur, the period-specific manifestations of discontent against oppression and slavery, the spread of philanthropy and the phenomenon of Imadaddin Nasimi.. The work of Alishir Navai, the Uzbek-Chagatai poet and statesman of the 15th century, the author of the first “Khamsa” in Turkic, and the great Turkic culture, which was called the Timurid renaissance, were echoes of Huseyn Baygara's rule which lasted 37 years, in culture, science and literature. The establishment of the Safavid state of Azerbaijan in the XVI century and the fact that Azerbaijan remained the “metropolis and central province of the state” (Efendiyev, 2007: 11) throughout the century, the domestic and foreign policy has had a direct impact on the change of the direction of literature. The biggest event was the stabilization of the tradition of writing in the Azerbaijani language, the preference for the folk language, and the rapid development of ashug poetry. If in the literature of three centuries ago there was a palace splendor, then in the poetry of this period there is already a roar of battlefields, heroic motives surpass love poems, ashug poetry, which is closer to the people, and therefore has a lot of influence and propaganda power. The 18th century Azerbaijani literature is also a “mirror that shows the straight and the crooked” of its time. The article examines the most important events in the history of Azerbaijan of the XVIII century, their influence on the development of literature and features of their reflection in artistic works.

THOUGHTS OF MAMED AMIN RASULZADE ABOUT THE ATTITUDE OF THE NİZAMİ GANJAVİ TO LIFE, PEOPLE AND WOMEN

Nizami Ganjavi wrote his works in Persian. For this reason, Iran claims that he is a Persian poet. However, Nizami was born in Ganja and was buried in Ganja. Mammad Amin Rasulzade proved that Nizami Ganjavi is an Azerbaijani and an Azerbaijani poet by writing the work ―The Great Azerbaijani Poet Nizami‖ in the 40s of the 20th century. This article focuses on the opinion of Mammad Amin Rasulzadeh about Nizami Ganjavi’s attitude to life, man and woman.

The legacy of Nizami Ganjavi in Transoxiana: An analysis of Khamsa's influence on oral narrative

Nizami Ganjavi, one of the distinguished poets of the 12th century, has a special place in world literature with his works from ancient times to the present. This poet is famous not only in Persian literature but also in Turkish and Indian literature. Nizami Ganjavi is related to the Mesnevi works, which were translated into Turkish and even translated by many Turkish poets and writers in the following centuries. Among these, we can count the essential figures of Chagatai Turkish literature (Transoxiana), especially Emir Alişer Nevai, who cared about Mesnevi Khamsa Nizami and made changes and wrote examples based on his stories. Nizâmî, with the dreams and images created in the Mesnevi above, has revealed an original style that is very important in today's comparative literature field at the international level. He proved his success by creating a new style of fantasy drawing using imaginary images, and many poets influenced by him entered the field of literature. This article refers to Panj Ganj or Khamsa Nizami Ganjavi's works and tries to explore his influence on Transoxiana writers. The study uses a qualitative, library, and comparative methodology and is founded on the laws and categories of scientific research. Researchers applied modern research approaches and methods (general scientific analysis, comparison, generalization, systematization, text analysis, and retrospective analysis).

Research of Historic-Cultural Heritage of Medieval Ganja Based on Information about the Nizami Ganjavi Family

Historic-archaeological, also ethnographic studies and numerous historical sources and scientific data confirm that the city of Ganja has moved at least five times since its foundation. The original city of Ganja is considered to be the area near the village of Gadamish, five kilometers from the village of Zurnabad, on the left bank of Ganjachay, which is popularly called the “Fortress place”. As a result of the earthquake in 427 and the wars between the Huns and the Sassanids, the ancient city of Ganja was destroyed and the city was established for the second time 8–9 versts from Gizil Gaya, 9–10 km north of Gizil Gaya. The present city of Ganja. In the VII century the city was destroyed by Arab invaders. Ganja, which moved for the third time, was established in the region called “City cape”, which is located in the territory of the present Samuh district. The city of Ganja, which was destroyed by a natural disaster, was built between the VII and XVII centuries in the region called the Shikh plain, the devastated land where the current Imamzadeh historical-architectural complex is located. It has existed for the fourth time in centuries. For the fifth time, the city of Ganja was built by Shah Abbas I in the XVII century on the territory of the current Ganja fortress. It is clear that, historical-literary heritage of Ganja city also belongings to such thinkers of Azerbaijan as Nizami Ganjavi, Mahsati Ganjavi, Mirza Shafi Vazeh and other scientists, poets, philosophers. During centuries in this city lived such famous persons, thinkers as Nizami Ganjavi, Mahsati Ganjavi, Siti Ganjavi, Raziya Ganjavi, Mirza Shafi Vazeh and others. Nizami Ganjavi influenced the expansion and defense of the ideology of akhilik with his works. After going through the difficult and turbulent moments of his youth, gaining experience and enlightenment raised him to the rank of Sheikh. In this research work on the basis of historical and written scientific sources, archival documents have been studied the features of development of science and education of the Renaissance period in Ganja city of Azerbaijan. In scientific work were also studied the teaching of social, humanitarian and natural sciences in Ganja during this historical period, the services of prominent scientists, thinkers and teachers of that period, who worked in madrasa and used rich libraries. In particular, given the importance of the city as a socio-political, economic, scientific and cultural center in the Middle Ages. By the way, during this historical period Ganja as an important political and cultural center was visited by famous scholars of the Muslim East, as well as important historical information about their teaching and scientific activities have been studied for many years. In scientific article on the basis of available scientific sources, historical documents, written sources, are considered the merits and patronage of the Azerbaijani state of Atabeys, which played an exceptional role in the development of the traditions of our national statehood, in the formation of prominent figures in science and culture. Also in this study, based on historical and ethnographic sources, have been determined the significance of the scientific, literary and cultural development of Ganja in the revival of the characteristic features of the Renaissance period not only of the country, but also in the development of the Islamic world as a whole. It also examines the propaganda in the works of the predecessors and successors of Sheikh Nizami, along with national traditions, universal human values and calls for a culture of coexistence.

The manuscript of Nizami’s “Khosrow and Shirin” in Judeo-Persian from the collection of Elkan Nathan Adler

This article discusses the ϐirst stages of the study of one of the most unique manuscripts in the collection of Elkan Nathan Adler (1861–1946), currently kept at the Jewish Theological Seminary of America in New York. This manuscript (press mark MS 1398) is of great value. In addition to the fairly complete text of Nizami Ganjavi’s poem “Khosrow and Shirin” (142 sheets), it contains 12 miniatures of high quality. The importance of studying this manuscript is due to the very limited number of illustrated manuscripts in the Judeo-Persian language, making this codex a valuable source for the history of Judeo-Persian and Persian miniatures in general. In addition, a comprehensive study of this manuscript will allow us to better understand the nature of Jewish-Persian contacts, as well as the extent of their depth.

The epic elements of love in the poem “Leyli and Majnun” by Nizami Ganjavi

The epic elements of love in the poem “Leyli and Majnun” by Nizami Ganjavi

The motif of going to darkness in Nizami Ganjavi's "Iskandarname" poem in the paralleled with Oguz epic folklore tradition

The motif of going to darkness in Nizami Ganjavi's "Iskandarname" poem in the paralleled with Oguz epic folklore tradition

Comparative analysis of the distich “Khosrow and Shirin” by Nizami Ganjavi and Sheikhi in the research of professor Faruk Timurtash

Comparative analysis of the distich “Khosrow and Shirin” by Nizami Ganjavi and Sheikhi in the research of professor Faruk Timurtash

Knight Theme in Eastern and Western Literature (Based on the novels of Chretien De Trouis and "Khamsa" by Nizami Ganjavi)

Knight Theme in Eastern and Western Literature (Based on the novels of Chretien De Trouis and "Khamsa" by Nizami Ganjavi)

Characteristics of the organization of the exhibition of the National Museum of Azerbaijan Literature named after Nizami Ganjavi and artistic procedure

Characteristics of the organization of the exhibition of the National Museum of Azerbaijan Literature named after Nizami Ganjavi and artistic procedure

Proverbs in the works of Nizami Ganjavi

Proverbs in the works of Nizami Ganjavi

Comparative analysis of works of Nizami Ganjavi and his contemporaries

Comparative analysis of works of Nizami Ganjavi and his contemporaries

Intertextual Games - "My Name is Red" by Orhan Pamuk

My Name is Red by Orhan Pamuk is set in 16th-century Istanbul, but it has numerous narrative realities that link it to Iranian culture and significant works of classical Persian literature. My Name is Red includes numerous elements of the post-modernist novel and Persian classical literature; its characters enter Pamuk's novel in a post-modern “appearance.” As Umberto Eco notes, “Books always speak of other books, and every story tells a story that has already been told” (The Name of the Rose). Pamuk’s novel contains an extensive number of instances of intertextuality. Although the protagonists of Nizami Ganjavi’s love poem Khosrow and Shirin and Kara and Shekure of Pamuk’s novel appear to be completely different from one another, the narrators, including the protagonists, continually draw attention to their similarities. While the characters in Nizami’s poem are not central to the plot of Pamuk’s novel, they do play a significant role in it. Pamuk’s novel’s intertextuality elevates the discourse to the plane of worldview. With some familiarity with Eastern culture, the reader should be able to discern more than just the relationship between the two passages. Another allusion in My Name is Red is to the collective memory of modern Turkish society. Bakhtinian polyphony is a discourse between two (Persian and Turkish) and more cultures.

KHAMSA WONDERFUL APPLIED BY "MAKHZAN UL-ASROR" AND "MAJMA UL-AKHBOR"

Khamsanavis is one of the most beautiful and rich traditions of Eastern literature. As a result, the treasure of spiritual heritage created by mankind has acquired many rare masterpieces. At the same time, the masnavis created by great thinkers of words had a significant impact on the formation of the culture, lifestyle and spiritual image of the peoples of the East. It is no secret that representatives of Turkish-language literature also have a worthy place in this process. Qutb Khorazmi, Mavlano Haydar (Khorazmi),Poshshohoja, and especially Alisher Navoi, who showed zeal to follow the traditions of Nizami Ganjavi to one degree or another, created invaluable works based on the themes of Uzbek classic literature, which have been moral and spiritual perfection for many centuries. has been serving on the way.

Marriage and Women's Subalternity in the Ecranisation of Layla Majnun’s Story

PurposeThis article aimed to explain the textual changes in adapting Layla Majnun's story to the film Layla Majnun (2021). In addition, this article questioned the textual ideology of both works con-cerning marriage and women's subalternity.MethodThis article was qualitative research using the literature method. The corpus of this article were the novel Layla Majnun by Nizami Ganjavi and the film Layla Majnun (2021) by Monty Tiwa. This article used Linda Hutcheon's adaptation theory, the concept of subaltern initiated by Ga-yatri C. Spivak, and feminist concepts related to marriage.Results/FindingsThe results of this article show significant changes in the form of the adaptation of the story of Layla Majnun to the film. The changes are in the form of narrative structure, the meaning of mar-riage, and women's voices. The story of Layla Majnun focuses more on the storytelling of male characters, while the film focuses more on the storytelling of female characters.ConclusionThe textual shift from novel to film influences changes in the ideology of the text concerning mar-riage and women's subalternity. In the Layla Majnun novel, women are unable to speak out (subaltern) against repression from men concerning marriage. At the same time, the film Layla Majnun attempts to bring out women's voices to articulate their will in marriage.

GAZI BURHANADDIN’S “DIVAN” AND ITS RESOURCES

The sources of the XIV century Azerbaijani poet Qazi Burhanaddin's creativity are diverse and rich. These resources are mainly: 1. Oral folklore 2. Written all-Turkic poetry 3. Religious sources, Quran motifs 4. Sufistic philosophy Oral folk literature is defined as the main and primary source for the poet's creativity. As we investigate, it becomes clear that the work of Yunus Amre, one of the representatives of Turkish-language poetry, had a serious impact on the worldview of the poet. The reason for this is primarily Yunus Emre's creativity, including It is shown that the Sufism poetry of XIII,XIV centuries became widespread. The influence of the poet by Nizami Ganjavi's poetry was also emphasized. As well as his excellent religious education and the demands of the time, the motifs of the Qur'an also acted as a source for the poet's creativity. The question of reflection of the Sufism philosophy, which became the object of controversy in the artist's poetry for a long time, was also clarified. As a result, it has been proved by facts that Sufism philosophy plays the role of a source for the poet's creativity.

Утопический текст поэмы «Искендер-наме» Низами

The article focuses on the humanistic ideals of Nizami Ganjavi, reflecting his philosophical and ethical ideas of an ideal society and perfect power. The “internal” plot of “Iskander Nameh” – about the stay of Iskander (the eastern name of Alexander the Great) in a fertile country – is a utopian text in which Nizami’s views on the or-ganization of society and the role of the ruler in it are most systematically presented. The hero of Nizami’s po-em is a ruler who is concerned with the search for a just social order. The article discusses the textual factors of the plot of this work, comparing them with the accepted in the European tradition and used by the predecessors of Nizami, in particular, Firdovsi. It is emphasized that in the analyzed poem the oriental tradition develops in accordance with the poet’s and thinker’s philosophical and ethical views on the role of the ruler and just social relations in social life.

MIRZA KAZEMBEK AND AZERBAIJAN

The article is dedicated to the great Azerbaijani orientalist, founder and patriarch of Russian Oriental studies Mirza Kazembek and his indissoluble ties with the Motherland. At the age of 19, he had to live away from his family and homeland. He lived in Astrakhan, then in Kazan and in St. Petersburg. Despite the fact that he lived and worked away from Azerbaijan, but all the time he was inextricably linked with his Homeland, worrying and worrying about it. Of particular value are the works of Mirz Kazimbek on the study of the life and work of Azerbaijani poets and writers. The scientist focuses on the life and work of such great Azerbaijani poets as Nizami Ganjavi, Muhammad Fizuli, Khagani Shirvani, as well as the founder of Azerbaijani drama Mirza Fathali Akhundov. Mirza Kazembek’s scientific works on the history, philosophy, jurisprudence, literature, linguistics of the peoples of the Muslim East are unsurpassed examples in the field of Russian Oriental studies. He was the first linguist who introduced the Azerbaijani language to the scientific community on a scientific basis for the first time. Thus, the "Grammar of the Turkish-Tatar language", which was published in Kazan in 1839, was a major event not only in domestic, but also in world Turkology. This was the world's first experience of presenting the grammar of Turkic languages using comparative analysis, where the rules of phonetics, morphology and syntax of the Ottoman Turkish language are compared with the rules of the "Tatar" (Kazan, Siberian, Orenburg Tatars), as well as Azerbaijani languages. Mirza Kazembek's "Grammar of the Turkish-Tatar language" was highly appreciated by representatives of Russian and world Oriental studies. This work has long remained the main manual for the study of the Turkish language not only in Russia, but also in the world. His works are recognized, translated and studied all over the world.