Nitroaromatic Compounds Research Articles

CuO/TiO2/ZnO NPs Anchored Hydrogen Exfoliated Graphene: To Comprehend the Role of Graphene in Catalytic Reduction of p-Nitrophenol.

The present study deals with sonochemically in situ synthesis of a novel functional catalyst using hydrogen exfoliated graphene (HEG) supported titanium dioxide (TiO2) and copper sulfate (CuSO4) doped with zinc oxide (ZnO) (abbreviated as Ti/Cu/Zn-HEG). The synthesis of the Ti/Cu/Zn-HEG nanocomposite (NCs) catalyst was confirmed through its characterizations by XRD, SEM-EDX, TEM, XPS, FTIR, and BET methods. It was assessed for catalytic conversion of a model aromatic compound para-nitrophenol (p-NP) in an aqueous solution. The p-NP is a nitroaromatic compound that has a toxic and mutagenic effect. Its removal from the water system is necessary to protect the environment and living being. The newly synthesized Ti/Cu/Zn-HEG NCs were applied for their higher stability and catalytic activity as a potential candidate for reducing p-NP in practice. The operating parameters, such as p-NP concentration, catalyst dosage, and operating time were optimized for 150 ppm, 400 ppm, and 10 min through response surface methodology (RSM) in Design-Expert software to obtain the maximum reduction p-NP up to 98.4% at its normal pH of 7.1 against the controls (using HEG, Ti/Cu-HEG, and Zn-HEG). Analysis of variance of the response suggested the regression equation to be significant for the process with a major impact on catalyst concentration and operating time. The model prediction data (from RSM) and experimental data were corroborated well as reflected through model's low relative error (RE < 0.10), high regression coefficient (R2 > 0.97), and Willmott d-index (dwill-index > 0.95) values.

A facile and sensitive hexahomotrioxacalix[3]arene-based fluorescent sensor for the detection of trace amounts of 2,4,6-trinitrophenol

Nitroaromatic compounds are common explosives and toxic pollutants, the selective and sensitive detection of which is of great importance. Herein, a facile and sensitive fluorescent sensor L was constructed for the sensing of TNP based on the hexahomotrioxacalix[3]arene skeleton. The fluorescence emission of L was drastically quenched in the presence of 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (TNP), while other tested NACs, metal ions, and anions induced negligible changes. Under the optimized conditions, the spectroscopic studies revealed that L exhibited extremely sensitive and selective TNP recognition, with a detection limit of 9.17 × 10−7 M and a quenching constant of 2.44 × 104 M−1. The sensitivity of sensor L for TNP was attributed to the formation of a ground-state charge-transfer complex and an inner filter effect, which also contributed to the special selectivity of the sensor among the various nitroaromatic analogues. Compared with previous reports, L can serve as a highly efficient sensor for the sensing of TNP and can be employed over a wide pH range of 2 to 12. Sensor L was effectively used to quantify TNP in real water and soil samples. Additionally, fluorescent test strips were also developed for visual and rapid detection of TNP in both the solution and vapour phases.

Synthesis, characterization, and photophysical and fluorescence sensor behaviors of a new water-soluble double-bridged naphthalene diimide appended cyclotriphosphazene.

A new water-soluble template of double-bridged naphthalene diimide appended cyclotriphosphazene was prepared, and its photophysical and sensor behaviors were evaluated. The characterization of novel double-bridged naphthalene diimide appended cyclotriphosphazene (6) was carried out by NMR (1H, 13C, 31P) and mass spectroscopies. The photophysical behaviors of compound 6 were evaluated by UV-Vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopies in various solvent systems and different concentrations. As an application for usability of the obtained water-soluble template in different applications, the fluorescence sensor property of compound 6 was investigated in the presence of many different competing species (organic acids, saccharides, nitroaromatic compounds, anions, and metal cations). The results obtained showed that compound 6 had selectivity against only the nitroaromatic species among the competing species tested.

Graphenic molybdenum disulfide nanocomposites as heterogeneous nano-catalyst for reduction of nitroanilines

In this study, a new graphenic molybdenum disulfide nanocomposite (MoS2/rGO NC) and its magnetic derivatives (MoS2/Fe3O4/rGO NC and Fe3O4/MoS2/rGO NC) were synthesized. Structural and chemical properties of synthesized NCs were characterized by FT-IR, XRD, BET, SEM, TEM, EDAX and TGA techniques. These NCs were designed as a heterogeneous nano-catalyst for reduction of nitroaromatic compounds with strong and recoverable catalytic properties. Large amounts of aromatic pollutants, including nitro compounds such as 2-nitroaniline (2-NA) and 4-nitroaniline (4-NA) which are produced in many industries and they are classified in the category of highly toxic pollutants in aqueous solution. The prepared NCs emerged to be of high catalytic activity in the reduction of nitroarenes under mild conditions. The conducted investigations prove that the reduction reaction with synthesized nano-catalyst follows pseudo first-order kinetic. MoS2/rGO NC converted 2-NA in 360 s (Kapps (s−1) 1.6 × 10−3) and 4-NA in 240 s (Kapps (s−1) 4.7 × 10−3) to the desired amines. While MoS2/Fe3O4/rGO NC and Fe3O4/MoS2/rGO NC completed reduction reaction of 2-NA to o-PDA in 20 s (Kapps (s−1) 4.82 × 10−2) and 42 s (Kapps (s−1) 2.41 × 10−2) while converted 4-NA to p-PDA in 12 s (Kapps (s−1) 1.43 × 10−1) and 35 s (Kapps (s−1) 2.92 × 10−2). All of the data confirmed that the synthesized NCs show very good catalytic properties and has good stability. Also, they have the ability to be reused several times without a significant loss of activity.

Room-temperature phosphorescence and fluorescence nanocomposites as a ratiometric chemosensor for high-contrast and selective detection of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene

Reports on using complementary colours for high-contrast ratiometric assays are limited to date. In this work, graphitized carbon nitride (g-C3N4) nanosheets and mercaptoethylamine (MEA) capped Mn-doped ZnS QDs were fabricated by liquid exfoliation of bulk g-C3N4, and by a coprecipitation and postmodification strategies, respectively. Mn-doped ZnS quantum dots were deposited onto g-C3N4 nanosheets through an electrostatic self-assembly to form new nanocomposites (denoted as Mn–ZnS QDs@g-C3N4). Mn–ZnS QDs@g-C3N4 can emit a pair of complementary colour light, namely, orange room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) at 582 nm and blue fluorescence at 450 nm. After 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) dosing into Mn–ZnS QDs@g-C3N4 aqueous solution, and pairing with MEA to generate TNT anions capable of quenching the emission of Mn-doped ZnS QDs, the fluorescence colours of the solution changed from orange to blue across white, exhibiting unusual high-contrast fluorescence images. The developed ratiometric chemosensor showed very good linearity in the range of 0–12 μM TNT with a limit of detection of 0.56 μM and an RSD of 6.4 % (n = 5). Also, the ratiometric probe had an excellent selectivity for TNT over other nitroaromatic compounds, which was applied in the ratiometric test paper to image TNT in water, and TNT sensing under phosphorescence mode to efficiently avoid background interference. A high-contrast dual-emission platform for selective ratiometric detection of TNT was therefore established.

Ionothermal synthesis of magnetic N-doped porous carbon to immobilize Pd nanoparticles as an efficient nanocatalyst for the reduction of nitroaromatic compounds

Carbon materials play important roles as catalysts or catalyst supports for reduction reactions owing to their high porosity, large specific surface area, great electron conductivity, and excellent chemical stability. In this paper, a mesoporous N-doped carbon substrate (exhibited as N–C) has been synthesized by ionothermal carbonization of glucose in the presence of histidine. The N–C substrate was modified by Fe3O4 nanoparticles (N–C/Fe3O4), and then Pd nanoparticles were stabilized on the magnetic substrate to synthesize an eco-friendly Pd catalyst with high efficiency, magnetic, reusability, recoverability, and great stability. To characterize the Pd/Fe3O4–N–C nanocatalyst, different microscopic and spectroscopic methods such as FT-IR, XRD, SEM/EDX, and TEM were applied. Moreover, Pd/Fe3O4–N–C showed high catalytic activity in reducing nitroaromatic compounds in water at ambient temperatures when NaBH4 was used as a reducing agent. The provided nanocatalyst's great catalytic durability and power can be attributed to the synergetic interaction among well-dispersed Pd nanoparticles and N-doped carbonaceous support.

Novel hybrid ZnS:Mn2+quantum dots/N-methylpolypyrrole fluorescence probe for determination of nitro-aromatic compounds in water samples by using multivariate chemometric methods

Novel hybrid ZnS:Mn2+quantum dots/N-methylpolypyrrole fluorescence probe for determination of nitro-aromatic compounds in water samples by using multivariate chemometric methods

Catalytic ozonation of a petrochemical wastewater containing high concentration of dinitrotoluene

Catalytic ozonation of a real industrial wastewater containing recalcitrant nitroaromatic compounds was investigated by different catalysts, and removal of color and COD was tracked over time. The effects of operational parameters such as catalyst type (MnO2, Nano-MnO2, ZnO, SnO2, Fe3O4, nZVI, and diatomite earth), initial pH, ozone dosage, and catalyst dosage on the removal efficiency were studied. Experimental results showed that MnO2 performed significantly better than other catalysts, with Nano-MnO2 resulting in over 80% COD removal, from 21750 to 3915 mg/L. Conventional MnO2 catalyst, on the other hand, resulted in only 66% COD removal. Besides, biodegradability of the recalcitrant initial wastewater improved from 0.29 to 0.88 after 3 h of ozonation. Color removal efficiency was nearly complete (>99%) for both conventional and Nano-MnO2. An analysis of complete degradation using GC–MS indicated that 2,4-DNT and other organics were completely removed; whereas, 2,6-DNT was partially degraded.

In silico prediction of the mutagenicity of nitroaromatic compounds using correlation weights of fragments of local symmetry.

Most quantitative structure-property/activity relationships (QSPRs/QSARs) techniques involve using different programs separately for generating molecular descriptors and separately for building models based on available descriptors. Here, the capabilities of the CORAL program are evaluated. A user of the program should apply as the basis for models the representation of the molecular structure by means of the simplified molecular input-line entry system (SMILES) as well as experimental data on the endpoint of interest. The local symmetry of SMILES is a novel composition of symmetrically represented symbols, which are three 'xyx', four 'xyyx', or five symbols 'xyzyx'. We updated our CORAL software using this optimal, new flexible descriptor, sensitive to the symmetric composition of a specific part of the molecule. Computational experiments have shown that taking account of these attributes of SMILES can improve the predictive potential of models for the mutagenicity of nitroaromatic compounds. In addition, the above computational experiments have confirmed the advantage of using the index of ideality of correlation (IIC) and the correlation intensity index (CII) for Monte Carlo optimization of the correlation weights for various attributes of SMILES, including the local symmetry. The average value of the coefficient of determination for the validation set (five different models) without fragments of local symmetry is 0.8589±0.025, whereas using fragments of local symmetry improves this criterion of the predictive potential up to 0.9055±0.010.

Tetraphenylethene-Based Cross-Linked Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles for Efficient Detection of 2,4,6-Trinitrophenol in Aqueous Phase.

The cross-linked conjugated polymer poly(tetraphenylethene-co-biphenyl) (PTPEBP) nanoparticles were prepared by Suzuki-miniemulsion polymerization. The structure, morphology, and pore characteristics of PTPEBP nanoparticles were characterized by FTIR, NMR, SEM, and nitrogen adsorption and desorption measurements. PTPEBP presents a spherical nanoparticle morphology with a particle size of 56 nm; the specific surface area is 69.1 m2/g, and the distribution of the pore size is centered at about 2.5 nm. Due to the introduction of the tetraphenylethene unit, the fluorescence quantum yield of the PTPEBP nanoparticles reaches 8.14% in aqueous dispersion. Combining the porosity and nanoparticle morphology, the fluorescence sensing detection toward nitroaromatic explosives in the pure aqueous phase has been realized. The Stern-Volmer quenching constant for 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (TNP) detection is 2.50 × 104 M-1, the limit of detection is 1.07 μM, and the limit of quantification is 3.57 μM. Importantly, the detection effect of PTPEBP nanoparticles toward TNP did not change significantly after adding other nitroaromatic compounds, indicating that the anti-interference and selectivity for TNP detection in aqueous media is remarkable. In addition, the spike recovery test demonstrates the potential of PTPEBP nanoparticles for detecting TNP in natural environmental water samples.

Polymers and Polymer-Based Materials for the Detection of (Nitro-)explosives.

Methods for the remote detection of warfare agents and explosives have been in high demand in recent times. Among the several detection methods, fluorescence methods appear to be more convenient due to their low cost, simple operation, fast response time, and naked-eye-visible sensory response. For fluorescence methods, a large variety of fluorescent materials, such as small-molecule-based fluorophores, aggregation-induced emission fluorophores/materials, and supramolecular systems, have been reported in the literature. Among them, fluorescent (bio)polymers/(bio)polymer-based materials have gained wide attention due to their excellent mechanical properties and sensory performance, their ability to recognize explosives via different sensing mechanisms and their combinations, and, finally, the so-called amplification of the sensory response. This review provides the most up-to-date data on the utilization of polymers and polymer-based materials for the detection of nitroaromatic compounds (NACs)/nitro-explosives (NEs) in the last decade. The literature data have been arranged depending on the polymer type and/or sensory mechanism.

Detection of the explosive nitroaromatic compound simulants with chemosensory systems based on quartz crystal microbalance and chemiresistive sensor arrays

The work is devoted to investigations of possibility of rapid detection and subsequent identification of explosive substances by using the arrays of two types of sensor elements: quartz crystal microbalances and chemiresistive electrodes. Thin layers of calixarene compounds and composites of electrically conductive polymers, respectively, were used as the sensitive coatings. Several types of nitroaromatic compounds from nitrotoluene series were chosen as simulants of explosive substances: O-Nitrotoluene (2-MNT) and Nitrobenzene (MNB), the concentration of these volatile compounds varied from 10 to 100 ppm. The observed detection threshold, depending on the type of analyzed explosive simulants, was within the range of 1 to 10 ppm for quartz crystal sensors with calixarene sensitive films, and the response time was within 10…20 s for quartz crystal sensors and up to 1 min for chemiresistive sensors. It has been shown that among the tested calixarenes there are samples with high selective sensitivity. The possibility of qualitative identification of explosives at relatively low concentrations by using the statistical methods of chemical patterns recognition (the so-called “electronic nose”) has been demonstrated.

Insight into the Primary and Secondary Particle-Bound Methoxyphenols and Nitroaromatic Compound Emissions from Solid Fuel Combustion and the Updated Source Tracers.

Methoxyphenols and nitroaromatic compounds (NACs) have strong atmospheric radiative forcing effects and adverse effects on human health. They are emitted from the incomplete combustion of solid fuels and are secondarily formed through photochemical reactions. Here, an on-site study was conducted to determine the primary emission and secondary formation of particulate phase products from a variety of solid fuels through a potential aerosol mass-oxidation flow reactor. Emission factors for total quantified methoxyphenols and NACs (i.e., EF∑Methoxyphenols and EF∑NACs) varied by 2 orders of magnitude among different fuels, which were greatly influenced by volatile matter, incomplete combustibility, flame intensity, and combustion temperature. Guaiacol and 4-nitro-2-vinylphenol were used as tracers for primary organic aerosol due to the low aged-to-fresh ratios (0.21-0.97), while 4-methyl-guaiacol, 4-ethyl-guaiacol, eugenol, 4-methyl-syringol, isoeugenol, acetovanillone, syringaldehyde, homovanillin acid, vanillin acid, and syringic acid were identified as secondary organic aerosol (SOA) (aged-to-fresh ratios between 1.90 and 4.20). During simulated aging, the -CHO group reacted with the hydroxyl radical (•OH) to form the -COOH group, but there was no correlation between syringol and 4-nitrosyringol, implying that •OH is the main reactant rather than the nitriate radical (•NO3) in the atmospheric aging processes of methoxyphenols. Aging caused substantially different emission profiles due to variable photochemical reaction properties. The fresh EFs for guaiacol emitted from the biomass burning ranged from 3.80 ± 0.44 to 26.2 ± 5.40 mg·kg-1, which were much higher than those in coal combustions (of 0.03 ± 0.01 to 1.42 ± 0.28 mg·kg-1). However, the aged EFs (EFaged) for guaiacol was 1.02 ± 0.06 to 1.61 ± 0.11 mg·kg-1 in most biomass combustions, which were comparable with those of the bituminous chunk (1.20 ± 0.16 mg·kg-1). Therefore, guaiacol, a traditional biomass marker, is not an ideal tracer for aged PM2.5 emitted from biomass burning. Indeed, the syringol/guaiacol and syringol/4-nitrosyringol ratios were found to be more suitable and efficient to be used in source characterization.

P-Nitrobenzoate production from glucose by utilizing p-aminobenzoate N-oxygenase: AurF

Nitroaromatic compounds are widely used in industry, but their production is associated with issues such as the hazardousness of the process and low regioselectivity. Here, we successfully demonstrated the production of p-nitrobenzoate (PNBA) from glucose by constructing p-aminobenzoate N-oxygenase AurF-expressing E. coli. We generated this strain, which we named PN-1 by disrupting four genes involved in PNBA degradation: nfsA, nfsB, nemA, and azoR. We then expressed AurF from Streptomyces thioluteus in this strain, which resulted in the production of 945 mg/L PNBA in the presence of 1 g/L p-aminobenzoate. Direct production of PNBA from glucose was achieved by co-expressing the pabA, pabB, and pabC, as well as aurF, resulting in the production of 393 mg/L PNBA from 20 g/L glucose. To improve the PNBA titer, we disrupted genes involved in competing pathways: pheA, tyrA, trpE, pykA, and pykF. The resultant strain PN-4Ap produced 975 mg/L PNBA after 72 h of cultivation. These results highlight the potential of using microorganisms to produce other nitroaromatic compounds.

Tailored photoenzymatic systems for selective reduction of aliphatic and aromatic nitro compounds fueled by light

The selective enzymatic reduction of nitroaliphatic and nitroaromatic compounds to aliphatic amines and amino-, azoxy- and azo-aromatics, respectively, remains a persisting challenge for biocatalysis. Here we demonstrate the light-powered, selective photoenzymatic synthesis of aliphatic amines and amino-, azoxy- and azo-aromatics from the corresponding nitro compounds. The nitroreductase from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, in synergy with a photocatalytic system based on chlorophyll, promotes selective conversions of electronically-diverse nitroarenes into a series of aromatic amino, azoxy and azo products with excellent yield (up to 97%). The exploitation of an alternative nitroreductase from Enterobacter cloacae enables the tailoring of a photoenzymatic system for the challenging synthesis of aliphatic amines from nitroalkenes and nitroalkanes (up to 90% yield). This photoenzymatic reduction overcomes the competing bio-Nef reaction, typically hindering the complete enzymatic reduction of nitroaliphatics. The results highlight the usefulness of nitroreductases to create selective photoenzymatic systems for the synthesis of precious chemicals, and the effectiveness of chlorophyll as an innocuous photocatalyst, enabling the use of sunlight to drive the photobiocatalytic reactions.

Evaluating the inhibitory effects of Nitrobenzene short-term stress on denitrification performance: Electron behaviors, bacterial and fungal community

Denitrifying system is a feasible way to remove nitro-aromatic compounds (NACs) in wastewater. However, the toxicity and mechanisms of NACs to denitrification remain unknown. This study investigated effects of nitrobenzene (NB, a typical NAC) on denitrification in short term. Results showed that NB in 10–50 mg/L groups decreased NO3−-N removal efficiency by 9%–24%, but increased nitrous oxide (N2O) generation by 6–17fold. Mechanistic research indicated that NB could deteriorate electron behaviors and disturbed enzyme activities of microbial metabolism and denitrification, leading to a decline in denitrification performance. Structural equation modeling revealed that N2O reductase activity was the core factor in predicting denitrification performance at exposure of NB, with the indirect effects of NADH and electron transport system activity. High-throughput sequencing analysis demonstrated that NB had made an alteration on both bacterial and fungal community structure, as well as their interactions.

Catalytic ipso-Nitration of Organosilanes Enabled by Electrophilic N-Nitrosaccharin Reagent.

Nitroaromatic compounds represent one of the essential classes of molecules that are widely used as feedstock for the synthesis of intermediates, the preparation of nitro-derived pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and materials on both laboratory and industrial scales. We herein disclose the efficient, mild, and catalytic ipso-nitration of organotrimethylsilanes, enabled by an electrophilic N-nitrosaccharin reagent and allows chemoselective nitration under mild reaction conditions, while exhibiting remarkable substrate generality and functional group compatibility. Additionally, the reaction conditions proved to be orthogonal to other common functionalities, allowing programming of molecular complexity via successive transformations or late-stage nitration. Detailed mechanistic investigation by experimental and computational approaches strongly supported a classical electrophilic aromatic substitution (SE Ar) mechanism, which was found to proceed through a highly ordered transition state.

Y-Shaped Fluorophores Based on N(2)-Aryl-1,2,3-triazoles: Synthesis and Study of Photophysical and Chemosensor Properties for the Detection of Nitroaromatic Compounds

Y-Shaped Fluorophores Based on N(2)-Aryl-1,2,3-triazoles: Synthesis and Study of Photophysical and Chemosensor Properties for the Detection of Nitroaromatic Compounds

Voltammetric Detection of Explosive Nitroaromatic Compounds Using Boron-Doped Carbon Nanowall Electrodes

Nitroaromatic highly energetic explosive compounds were widely used during the I and II World Wars. Some of them, like 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), are still used in military munitions or in industrial applications i.e., underwater blasting, mining, deep well or dye production. The worldwide use of nitroaromatic compounds led to widespread pollution of the environment causing a danger to living organisms due to their high toxicity and possible carcinogenicity. The most commonly used techniques for the detection of explosive nitroaromatics are high-performance liquid chromatography or high-resolution gas chromatography coupled with different detectors like mass spectrometers. Both methods require: expensive instrumentation, complex sample preparation which is crucial to analysis, and well-trained staff to perform the experiments. Therefore it is difficult to implement chromatography in the field. Electrochemical sensing is emerging as a fast, sensitive and relatively simple technique for detecting explosive materials. To date, various materials have been used as working electrodes for this purpose, however, carbon materials are particularly promising [1-2]. Among carbonaceous materials, boron-doped carbon nanowall (B:CNW) electrodes are particularly attractive for the sensitive and rapid detection of nitro-based compounds [3] due to the high content of sp2 phase, wide electrochemical working potential window (from -1.6 V to 1.2 V in 0.5 M KCl) and high values of heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant.In this work, we present electrochemical detection of chosen nitroaromatic explosive compounds like TNT on boron-doped carbon nanowall electrodes in aqueous solutions using voltammetric electrochemical techniques (differential pulse voltammetry, square-wave voltammetry, cyclic voltammetry). B:CNW electrodes were obtained using microwave plasma-assisted chemical vapour deposition in a one-step growth process. B:CNW electrode show enhanced electrocatalytic activity towards nitro moieties attached to aromatic rings, resulting in improved sensitivity toward detecting these groups. Hence, it is an attractive nanocarbon surface for nitroaromatic compound determination.

Electrochemical Sensing of 2,4-Dinitrotoluene on Boron-Doped Carbon Nanowall Electrodes in Seawater

50 000 tons of chemical weapons and 500 000 tons of conventional weapons, containing nitroexplosive compounds such as 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) have been dumped in the Baltic Sea since the end of World War II. In addition, many wrecks from World War II are still laying at the bottom of the Baltic Sea. The marine environment, due to the content of chloride ions, shows high corrosion aggressiveness. As a result, the degradation of metal ammunition casings, fuel tanks and other metal elements causes the successive release of toxic substances into the ecosystem. Uncontrolled emission of those chemicals hinders the development of biological life and poisons fish living in the sea, which later as food posing a real threat to human health.TNT is a highly energetic material commonly utilized as a filling of shell casting and mines, thus it is used in large quantities in armed conflicts. 2,4-dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT) is the decomposition product of TNT and has a similar structure (2,4-DNT has two nitro groups (-NO2) and TNT three). Exposure to high 2,4-DNT concentrations may cause lung and liver complications as well as reproductive problems. 2,4-DNT is spread all over the world and is found in air, surface water, groundwater, and soil [1]. Therefore, environmental monitoring of DNT using an effective sensor is essential. The development of DNT sensors able to effectively work in marine water with the required sensitivity is extremely necessary and remains a challenge.Carbon nanomaterials have been used in various fields, such as electronic, optoelectronic, photovoltaic, and electrochemical applications, owing to their excellent electrical, electrochemical and mechanical properties. Boron-doped carbon nanowall (B:CNW) electrodes are characterized by excellent charge transfer and compared to for example boron-doped diamond electrodes exhibit highly developed active surface area [2]. Moreover, these electrodes showed a sensitive and selective response to nitroaromatic compounds, such as TNT and 2,4,6-trinitroanisole (TNA) [3].In this study, we propose a 2,4-DNT electrochemical sensor based on a boron-doped carbon nanowall electrode prepared in a one-step process using a chemical vapor deposition technique. The determination of 2,4-dinitrotoluene was performed using differential pulses voltammetry (DPV) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) in saline water matrices on B:CNW electrodes, using a three-electrode setup. The objective of this work is to test the influence of water salinity level on the 2,4-dinitrotoluene detection sensitivity. For this purpose, water containing various levels of salinity (from 2 – 20 ‰) was investigated. Furthermore, real-sample measurements were conducted using the Baltic See water from the Gulf of Gdansk. The levels of salinity were selected based on average salinity of the Baltic Sea (7.5‰).Literature:[1] D. E. Rickert, et al., CRC Critical Reviews in Toxicology. (1984) 13:3 217-234[2] M. Sobaszek, et al., J. Phys. Chem. C. 121 (2017) 20821–20833[3] A. Dettlaff, et al., J. Hazard. Mater. 387 (2020) 121672Acknowledgements:The research leading to these results has received funding from the Norway Grants 2014-2021 via the National Centre for Research and Development within research grant no. NOR/SGS/NITROsens/0011/2020-00.