Nilotica Extract Research Articles

γ-Sitosterol from Acacia nilotica L. induces G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis through c-Myc suppression in MCF-7 and A549 cells

Ethnopharmacological relevanceAcacia nilotica is widely distributed in Asia. In India, it occupies an important place in the indigenous system of medicine against anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, cancers, and/or tumors. Aim of the studyThe purpose of this study is to investigate the inhibitory effect of Acacia nilotica leaves extract and γ-Sitosterol on cell proliferation, the apoptotic effect and cell cycle arrest in breast and lung cancer cells. Materials and methodsGC–MS and HPLC were used to determine the chemical constituents of this extract and γ-Sitosterol respectively. Human MCF-7 and A549 cell lines were treated with Acacia nilotica extract and γ-Sitosterol. Cell viability was determined by MTT assay. Cell proliferation was determined by BrdU incorporation assay. Apoptosis was detected by cell morphologic observation through AO/EtBr staining, cell cycle analysis, and immunoblot analysis on the expression of protein associated with cell cycle arrest. ResultsExperimental results of bioactive compound analysis indicate that γ-Sitosterol, bioactive ingredients of Acacia nilotica extract. The IC50 value of extract on MCF-7 and A549 cancer cells was 493.3±15.2 and 696.6±11.5μg/ml, respectively. Acacia nilotica extract and γ-Sitosterol were inhibited the cell proliferation by 54.34±1.8 and 42.18±3.9% for MCF-7 and 58.26±1.5 and 44.36±3.05% for A549 cells. The percentage of apoptotic cells observed in the MCF-7 and A549 cell lines were increased to 42.46 and 36.8% of extract; 46.68 and 43.24% for γ-Sitosterol respectively. Flow cytometric analysis results demonstrate that cells were arrested at the G2/M phase and decrease the c-Myc expression. ConclusionsThis study demonstrates in vitro results, which support the ethnomedical use of γ-Sitosterol against cancer. Experimental results of this study suggest that γ-Sitosterol exerts potential anticancer activity through the growth inhibition, cell cycle arrest and the apoptosis on cancer cells.

Some biochemical parameters and histopathological features following prolonged administration of aqueous pod extract of Acacia nilotica in albino rats

The effects of aqueous pod extract of Acacia nilotica was investigated in rats. The pod extract of A. nilotica was obtained by Soxhlet extraction using distilled water as a solvent. The aqueous extract was administered for a period of 21 days at 50, 100 and 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight, respectively. The liver enzymes and some biochemical parameters were evaluated. The tissue samples were also taken for histopathological preparations. The effect of the extract significantly (P 0.05) decreased values of serum albumin, total protein, glucose and triglyceride at the end of the 21 days. While alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and Urea values were not affected. The histopathological study revealed marked haemorrhages of lung, heart and kidney with renal tubular degeneration. Liver revealed hepatocellular necrosis and mononuclear cell infiltrations, mild congestion of the stomach and mild sub mucosal mononuclear cell infiltrations of the small intestine, respectively. It was therefore concluded that A. nilotica extract has the potential to produce some level of toxicities and it consumption for medicinal purposes should be discourage. Key words: Histopathological features, A. nilotica aqueous pod extract, biochemical parameters.

Efficacy of three herbal extracts against three common Oral Microbes in comparison to Chlorhexidine: An invitro Study

Background: The field of alternative medicine has seen a tremendous growth over the past few years. The interest in plants with antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activity has increased as a consequence of current problems associated with the wide-scale misuse of antibiotics that induced microbial drug resistance. Objective: 1.To evaluate effect of herbal extracts of Azadirachta indica, Punica granatum and Acacia nilotica against common oral microbes. 2. To compare effect of herbal extracts of Azadirachta indica, Punica granatum and Acacia nilotica against common oral microbes with chlorhexidine. 3. To assess the minimal inhibitory concentrations of stevioside extracts against the three organisms. Methodology: The P. granatumpeel was separated, dried and powdered. A. nilotica bark obtained from the tree was powdered. A. indica leaves obtained from the tree were dried and powdered. Solvent extracts were prepared using Soxhlet apparatus. Antimicrobial activity was tested using agar ditch plate method. Zone of inhibition on all four sides was measured in millimeters with vernier caliper after 48 hours. One way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test was used for multiple group comparisons followed by Tukey post hoc for group wise comparisons. p-value 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: All three herbal extracts showed antimicrobial properties against the tested micro oraganisms. The maximum antimicrobial activity was shown by A. nilotica extract. Conclusion: Results showed that these herbs can be used as antiplaque agents as they are cheap and easily available. In vivo studies are needed to prove or refute their efficacy and safety in real environmental circumstances.

The antimicrobial activity of azardirachta indica, glycyrrhiza glabra, cinnamum zeylanicum, syzygium aromaticum, accacia nilotica on streptococcus mutans and enterococcus faecalis - An in vitro study

Aim: The present study aimed to identify effective antimicrobial herbal extracts for preventing dental caries and root canal failures. Materials and Methods: In this study antibacterial activity of ethanol extracts of Neem, Liquorice, Cinnamon, Clove and babool was tested against Streptococcus mutans and Enterococcus faecalis at concentrations of 10 % and 50% at varying volumes of 10 μl , 20 μl , 30 μl , 50 μl and 75 μl for 24 hours. The extracts were inoculated on brain heart infusion agar plates containing individual species of microorganisms and incubated at 37oC for 24 hours. After 24 hours variable antimicrobial effects of the herbs against Streptococcus mutans and Enterococcus faecalis was noted. Statistical analysis was performed with one way analysis of variance. Results: Babool (Accacia nilotica ) extract at 50% concentration and at volumes of 75μl showed the maximum zone of inhibition against Streptococcus Mutans and Enterococcus faecalis. Liquorice (Glycyrrhiza Glabra) extract also inhibited the growth of microorganisms but to a lesser degree than Babool extract. Conclusion: Babool and Liquorice extracts are effective in inhibiting the growth of cariogenic pathogens like streptococcus mutans and Babool and Clove extracts are effective antimicrobial agents against Enterococcus faecalis and can be used to reduce root canal microflora and root canal failures. Clinical significance: The data suggest that the herbal can provide oral health benefits by inhibiting the growth of cariogenic and root canal pathogens. In vivo clinical testing is essential to confirm in vitro results.

Selective Kinase Response Modulators (SKRMS) from Humulus lupulus and Acacia nilotica Modulate Multiple Kinases and Improve Insulin Sensitivity in vitro and in vivo

Metabolic syndrome afflicts an estimated 65 million people in the US and is correlated with obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, and type 2 diabetes. We screened 203 phytoextracts for lipogenic activity in the murine 3T3-L1 adipocyte under conditions of insulin resistance. A modified hop extract, Rho-isoalpha acids (RIAA) and an Acacia nilotica extract (ANE) increased lipid accumulation 225% and 170%, respectively, compared to 140% for troglitazone and 125% for rosiglitazone. RIAA and ANE demonstrated synergy at several ratios. Additional 3T3-L1 studies showed that RIAA and certain RIAA + ANE combinations improved insulin signaling through the PI3K/Akt pathway, decreased IRS-1pS307 and increased glucose uptake. Screening RIAA and ANE against select protein kinases in cell free assays indicated selective inhibition of multiple kinases including PKC, PI3K, and GSK3. Oral dosing RIAA and ANE in combination and at various ratios dramatically lowered serum glucose and insulin within seven days in the diabetic db/db mouse model, similar to metformin and rosiglitazone. RIAA + ANE appear to cooperatively modulate multiple protein kinases, improving insulin signaling in the adipocyte, in vitro, and in the whole body (db/db mouse). We have coined the term Selective Kinase Response Modulators (SKRM) to describe molecules that cooperatively modulate multiple kinases of a given pathway (Supported by MetaProteomics, LLC).

Inhibitory effects of Sudanese plant extracts on HIV-1 replication and HIV-1 protease.

Forty-eight methanol and aqueous extracts from Sudanese plants were screened for their inhibitory activity on viral replication. Nineteen extracts showed inhibitory effects on HIV-induced cytopathic effects (CPE) on MT-4 cells. The extracts were further screened against HIV-1 protease (PR) using an HPLC assay method. Of the tested extracts, the methanol extracts of Acacia nilotica (bark and pods), Euphorbia granulata (leaves), Maytenus senegalensis (stem-bark) and aqueous extracts of A. nilotica (pods) and M. senegalensis (stem-bark) showed considerable inhibitory effects against HIV-1 PR. Inhibitory principles were isolated from M. senegalensis and their activities were also discussed.

Investigation of the anti-inflammatory activity of Acacia nilotica and Hibiscus sabdariffa.

The aqueous extracts of Acacia nilotica and Hibiscus sabdariffa were tested for anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activities in animal models. Acacia nilotica extract had an inhibitory effect on carrageenan induced paw edema and yeast-induced pyrexia in rats. It also produced a significant increase in the hot plate reaction time in mice. Hibiscus sabdariffa extract had no effect on paw edema but had an inhibitory effect on yeast induced pyrexia and a significant effect on the hot plate reaction time. Among the phytoconstituents found in both plants, flavanoids, polysaccharides and organic acids may be mainly responsible for their pharmacological activities.