Night Shift Work Research Articles

Prevalence and associated factors of poor sleep quality among industrial workers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: findings from a cross-sectional study

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of poor sleep quality among Bole Lemi Industrial Park workers in Addis Ababa, the capital of Ethiopia.DesignAn institution-based cross-sectional study...

Exploring the Associations between Chronotype, Night Shift Work Schedule, Quality of Work Life, and Sleep Quality among Maternal and Child Health Nurses: A Multicentre Cross-Sectional Study

Aim. To examine the state of sleep quality among maternal and child health (MCH) nurses and explore the associations between chronotype, night shift work schedule, quality of work life, and sleep quality among MCH nurses. Background. MCH nurses, who play an important role in protecting the health of women and children, often experience poor sleep quality. However, research on the sleep quality of MCH nurses has been scarce following implementation of the three-child policy in China. Methods. A multicentre cross-sectional study was conducted with 1426 MCH nurses. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, participants’ self-reported chronotype, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and the Work-Related Quality of Life-2 scale. A chi-squared test, independent samples t-test, Pearson correlation test, and binary logistic regression analysis were used to analyse the data. Results. Of the 1426 respondents, 57.9% reported poor sleep quality. Binary logistic regression analysis indicated that chronotype, including intermediate-morning, intermediate-evening, and evening (reference: morning), and quality of work life, including stress at work, control at work, and general well-being, had effects on sleep quality among MCH nurses. Older age, frequent caffeine intake, and irregular meals were also associated with poor sleep quality. However, night shift work schedule did not affect sleep quality in the adjusted model. Conclusions. Poor sleep quality was common among MCH nurses. The findings of this study also illustrate that chronotype and quality of work life are closely related to sleep quality. Implications for Nursing Management. Nursing managers should be aware of MCH nurses’ chronotype and quality of work life and tailor interventions to address both modifiable and nonmodifiable factors associated with sleep to improve MCH nurses’ sleep quality.

Acute Effect of Night Shift Work on Endothelial Function with and without Naps: A Scoping Review.

We examined the breadth and depth of the current evidence investigating napping/sleeping during night shift work and its impact on non-invasive measures of endothelial function. We used a scoping review study design and searched five databases: Ovid Medline, EMBASE, Ovid APA PsycInfo, Web of Science Core Collection, and EBSCO CINAHL. We limited our search to English language and publications from January 1980 to September 2022. Our reporting adhered to the PRISMA-ScR guidance for scoping reviews. Our search strategy yielded 1949 records (titles and abstracts) after deduplication, of which 36 were retained for full-text review. Five articles were retained, describing three observational and two experimental research studies with a total sample of 110 individuals, which examined the non-invasive indicators of endothelial function in relation to the exposure to night shift work. While there is some evidence of an effect of night shift work on the non-invasive indicators of endothelial function, this evidence is incomplete, limited to a small samples of shift workers, and is mostly restricted to one measurement technique for assessing endothelial function with diverse protocols. In addition, there is no identifiable research investigating the potential benefits of napping during night shift work on non-invasive measures of endothelial function.

Response to letter to the editor: poorer neurocognitive function of retired night shift workers: a risk assessment.

Response to letter to the editor: poorer neurocognitive function of retired night shift workers: a risk assessment.

Associating night-shift work with lifetime use of sleep medication and sleep quality in a cohort of female nurses.

Night-shift workers often sleep at moments, not in sync with their circadian rhythm. Though the acute effects of night-shift work on sleep quality directly after a night shift are well described, less is known about the chronic effects of night-shift work on sleep. We associated ever-working night shifts and recently working night shifts (<4 wk) with lifetime use of sleep medication and melatonin, self-reported average sleep duration and sleep quality over the 4 wk preceding inclusion (measured using the Medical Outcomes Study Sleep scale). We explored trends in sleep outcomes with average frequency of night shifts per week, tenure of night-shift works in years, and time since last performed night work. This research was conducted within the Nightingale study which is a Dutch cohort study of 59,947 female registered nurses aged 18 to 65. Working night shifts was not associated with self-reported nonoptimal sleep length and sleep quality. However, we observed higher odds of lifetime use of sleep medication for nurses who ever-worked night shifts (OR 1.24; 95% CI 1.13, 1.35) and who recently worked night shifts (OR 1.13; 95% CI 1.05, 1.22); with night-shift work frequency and tenure being associated with lifetime use of sleep medication (P-value for trend < 0.001 for both). Odds for melatonin use were elevated for nurses who ever worked night shifts (OR 1.55; 95% CI 1.40, 1.71) and recently worked night shifts (OR 1.72; 95% CI 1.59, 1,86). The findings of this study have practical implications for healthcare organizations that employ nurses working night shifts. The observed associations between night-shift work and increased lifetime use of prescribed sleep medication and melatonin highlight the need for targeted support and interventions to address the potential long-term sleep problems faced by these nurses.

A-040 Night Shift Work Could Induce Oxidatively Generated Damage to DNA: A Pilot Study

Abstract Background Currently, specific effects of different night shift modes on human oxidative stress still need to be explored in a realistic cohort study. We aimed to evaluate the effect of night shift on human nucleic acid damage status. Methods We recruited 16 healthy volunteers (aged, 33 ± 5 years) working the night shifts at the Department of Laboratory Medicine at Peking Union Medical College Hospital. Their matched serum and urine samples were collected at four time points: before, during (twice), and after the night shift period. The levels of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanosine (8-oxoG) and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG), two important nucleic acid damage markers, were accurately determined based on a robust self-established LC-MS/MS method. The Mann–Whitney U or Kruskal-Wallis test was used for comparisons. Results The levels of serum 8-oxodG, estimated glomerular filtration rate corrected serum 8-oxodG, and 8-oxodG in serum to urine ratio significantly increased during the night shift period. These levels were significantly higher than at baseline even after 1 month of discontinuing; but no such significant change was found for 8-oxoG. Moreover, 8-oxoG and 8-oxodG levels revealed a significantly positive association with many routine biomarkers such as total bilirubin and urea levels, and significantly negative association with serum lipids such as total cholesterol levels. Conclusion The results of our cohort study suggested that working the night shifts may increase the oxidatively generated damage to DNA even after a month of discontinuing night shift work. Further studies with large-scale cohorts, different night shift modes, and longer follow-up times are needed to clarify the short- and long-term effect of night shifts on DNA damage, and find effective solutions to combat the negative effects.

The Effect of Night Shift Work on Melatonin Level, Burnout Level and Sleep Quality in Intern Doctors

Bu çalışmada gece vardiyalı sistemde çalışan intörn doktorların gece vardiyalı sistem öncesinde ve sonrasındaki mesleki tükenmişlik, uyku kalitesi ve melatonin değerlerinin değişimini incelemeyi amaçladık. Bu çalışma prospektif, tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel bir çalışmadır. Acil servis stajında gece vardiyalı sistemde çalışan intörn doktorlara gece vardiyalı sistem başladığı ve bittiği gün Maslach tükenmişlik ölçeği, Pittsburgh uyku kalite indeksi uygulandı. Ayrıca staj başında ve sonunda melatonin düzeylerinin belirlenmesi için kan örnekleri alındı. Uygulanan ölçek ve indeks uygun şekilde puanlandı. Melatonin değerleri uygun kitlerle çalışıldı. Elde edilen verilerin istatistiksel analizi yapıldı. Çalışmaya 45 gönüllü alındı. Gönüllülerin gece vardiyalı sisteme geçtikten sonraki duygusal tükenmişlik, duyarsızlaşma, kişisel başarısızlık oranları arttı (p değerleri sırası ile p=0,007, p=0,002, p=0,004). Gönüllülerin melatonin değerinde ise gece vardiyalı sisteme geçtikten sonra düşme gözlendi. Anca bu düşüş istatistiksel olarak anlamlı değildi (p=0,286). Gece vardiyalı sistem ile çalışmak mesleki tükenmişliği arttırır, uyku kalitesini bozar ve melatonin değerlerinde az da olsa düşmeye neden olur.

Sleep Reactivity and Sleep Efforts in Shift Workers.

The current study aimed to investigate the differences in sleep reactivity and sleep effort differs among late night shift workers (LSWs) and non-late night shift workers (non-LSWs), and non-shift workers (non-SWs). In total, 6,023 participants (1,613 non-SWs, 3,339 LSWs, and 1,071 non-LSWs) were recruited. Non-SWs was defined as those who works at fixed schedules during standard daylight. LSWs was defined as who work late night hours (10 PM-6 AM), while non-LSWs was SWs who did not work during late night. All completed the Ford Insomnia Response to Stress Test (FIRST), the Glasgow Sleep Effort Scale (GSES), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), and the short-term Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scale (CES-D) through online survey. LSWs and non-LSWs reported higher FIRST, GSES scores than non-SWs. In addition, LSWs reported higher FIRST, GSES scores than non-LSWs. FIRST scores were correlated with CES-D, PSQI, ISI, and ESS for LSWs, non-LSWs, and non-SWs alike. GSES scores were also correlated with CES-D, PSQI, ISI, and ESS for LSWs, non-LSWs, and non-SWs alike. SWs showed higher sleep reactivity and sleep effort than non-SWs. LSWs had higher sleep reactivity and sleep effort than non-LSWs, and these variables are associated with insomnia, daytime sleepiness, and depressive symptoms. Our findings suggests that late night schedule, may increase sleep reactivity and sleep effort, which are associated with sleep and mood disturbances.

Night shift work characteristics and risk of incident coronary heart disease among health care workers: national cohort study.

Night work has been associated with coronary heart disease. The present study examined exposure-response relations between quantitative night work characteristics and coronary heart disease (angina pectoris or myocardial infarction) with the aim to contribute to evidence-based recommendations for low-risk night work schedules. We followed 100 149 night workers (80% women) and 153 882 day workers (78% women), all health care workers in Denmark with day by day payroll information on night shifts from 2007 to 2015. We analysed data with Poisson regression stratified by sex and adjusted for age, calendar year, diabetes, family history of cardiovascular disease, educational level, occupation, indicators for obesity, hypercholesterolaemia, and hypertension. Female and male night workers worked on average 1.7 and 1.8 night shifts per month for an average duration of less than 4 years. During follow-up, 1198 night and 2128 day workers were hospitalized with first-time coronary heart disease. When compared with day workers, the overall incidence rate ratios for female and male night workers were 1.06 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.97, 1.17] and 1.22 (95% CI 1.07, 1.39). Highest risks were observed in top exposure categories for several night work characteristics. However, no consistent exposure-response relations by number of monthly night shifts, cumulative night shifts, years with rotating night shifts, years with any night shift and consecutive night shifts were observed among the night workers of either sex. This study of a population with low exposure to night work does not indicate that reducing extent of monthly night shifts, cumulative night shifts, years with rotating night shifts, years with any night shift and consecutive night shifts would reduce the risk of coronary heart disease.

Later circadian timing and increased sleep timing variability are associated with attenuations in overnight blood pressure dipping among chronic nightshift workers

ObjectiveDetermine relationships between overnight blood pressure, circadian phase, and sleep variability among dayshift and chronic nightshift nurses. MethodsTwenty participants working dayshift (n = 10) or nightshift (n = 10) schedules participated in a 7-day cross-sectional study. Participants underwent an evening in-laboratory melatonin assessment and wore ambulatory blood pressure devices to assess 24-hour blood pressure patterns. Overnight blood pressure dipping was calculated from sleeping/waking systolic blood pressure ratio and salivary dim-light melatonin onset determined circadian phase. Sleep variability was assessed using the standard deviation of 7-day sleep onset. ResultsNightshift workers had later circadian phase, greater sleep onset variability, and an attenuated overnight blood pressure dipping pattern. Later circadian phase was associated with attenuated dipping patterns and sleep onset variability was negatively correlated with blood pressure dipping magnitude in nightshift, but not dayshift workers. ConclusionsChronic circadian disruption via higher sleep onset variability among nightshift workers may contribute to attenuated blood pressure dipping and cardiovascular risk in this population.

Night shift work and female breast cancer: a two-stage dose-response meta-analysis for the correct risk definition

Night shift work and female breast cancer: a two-stage dose-response meta-analysis for the correct risk definition

Night shift work and colorectal cancer: a two-stage dose-response meta-analysis for the correct risk definition

Night shift work and colorectal cancer: a two-stage dose-response meta-analysis for the correct risk definition

Night-shift work and prostate cancer: a two-stage dose-response meta-analysis for the correct risk definition

Night-shift work and prostate cancer: a two-stage dose-response meta-analysis for the correct risk definition

Headache Characteristics and Risk Factors Among Healthcare Providers in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.

Introduction Headache is a considerable factor in decreased productivity and work efficiency. This study aims to measure the characteristics of headaches and the risk factors among healthcare providers in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. Methods This cross-sectional study included 353 healthcare providers from Al-Alhsa, Saudi Arabia. An online questionnaire was conducted to assess the demographic and occupational characteristics, headaches, numerous factors such as smoking, caffeine intake, physical activity, and medical conditions to determine their associations with headaches, as well as the impact of headaches on productivity. Results Among participants who reported headaches, 15.6% and 4.5% had been previously diagnosed with tension headaches and migraines, respectively. The mean duration of headaches was 7.09±18.16 hours; 38.5% of headaches were throbbing in nature, while 61.5% were pressing. The headache was on one side in 51.6% and accompanied by nausea and vomiting in 41.1% and 24.1%, respectively. Moreover, 53% and 41.9% experienced worsening of headaches by exercise and light, respectively. Tension headaches occurred more in older healthcare providers (P <0.05) and those who reported working night shifts (P=0.002). Healthcare providers with tension headaches reported having an intrusive leader and violence at work (P=0.038 and P=0.013, respectively). Caffeine consumption, emotional stress, and using oral contraceptive pills (OCP) were significantly correlated with migraine (P=0.023, P=0.017, and P=0.004, respectively). The reported headache affected the productivity of 62.59% of individuals. Conclusions Headache is common among healthcare providers in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. The study indicates that tension headache is associated with aging, night shifts, having an intrusive leader, and violence at work. In contrast, migraine is correlated with caffeine consumption, emotional stress, and OCP use. The productivity of healthcare providers is affected negatively by headaches.

Evaluation of the "Shifting Weight using Intermittent Fasting in night-shift workers" weight loss interventions: a mixed-methods protocol.

Shift workers are at a greater risk for obesity-related conditions. The impacts of working at night presents a challenge for designing effective dietary weight-loss interventions for this population group. The Shifting Weight using Intermittent Fasting in night-shift workers (SWIFt) study is a world-first, randomized controlled trial that compares three weight-loss interventions. While the trial will evaluate the effectiveness of weight-loss outcomes, this mixed-methods evaluation aims to explore for who weight-loss outcomes are achieved and what factors (intervention features, individual, social, organisational and wider environmental) contribute to this. A convergent, mixed-methods evaluation design was chosen where quantitative and qualitative data collection occurs concurrently, analyzed separately, and converged in a final synthesis. Quantitative measures include participant engagement assessed via: dietary consult attendance, fulfillment of dietary goals, dietary energy intake, adherence to self-monitoring, and rates for participant drop-out; analyzed for frequency and proportions. Regression models will determine associations between engagement measures, participant characteristics (sex, age, ethnicity, occupation, shift type, night-shifts per week, years in night shift), intervention group, and weight change. Qualitative measures include semi-structured interviews with participants at baseline, 24-weeks, and 18-months, and fortnightly audio-diaries during the 24-week intervention. Interviews/diaries will be transcribed verbatim and analyzed using five-step thematic framework analysis in NVivo. Results from the quantitative and qualitative data will be integrated via table and narrative form to interrogate the validity of conclusions. The SWIFt study is a world-first trial that compares the effectiveness of three weight-loss interventions for night shift workers. This mixed-methods evaluation aims to further explore the effectiveness of the interventions. The evaluation will determine for who the SWIFt interventions work best for, what intervention features are important, and what external factors need to be addressed to strengthen an approach. The findings will be useful for tailoring future scalability of dietary weight-loss interventions for night-shift workers.Clinical trial registration: This evaluation is based on the SWIFt trial registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry [ACTRN 12619001035112].

Night shift work and serum markers of bone turnover in male shift workers

ABSTRACT Night shift work is related to sleep disorders, disruption of circadian rhythm and low serum levels of vitamin D. It is known that all these conditions can adversely affect bone mass. The rate of bone turnover can be assessed through the measurement of molecules called bone turnover markers, including C-terminal telopeptide fragment of type I collagen (CTX) and procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide (P1NP). In this study, we evaluated the serum levels of CTX, P1NP and 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D in 82 male subjects (42 daytime workers and 40 night shift workers) to assess the possible risk of osteoporosis in male shift workers. Serum levels of CTX and P1NP were found to be higher in night shift workers than in daytime workers. No significant difference was found in vitamin D levels between night shift and daytime workers. The increased CTX and P1NP levels reveal a higher rate of bone turnover in night shift workers and thus a possible increased risk of osteoporosis in this category of workers compared with daytime workers. In view of this, our results highlight the importance of further studies investigating the bone health in male night shift workers.

Absence of the influence of the APOE gene on the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in a cohort of workers: Effect of diet and shift work

BackgroundAPOE gene encoded a multifunctional protein in lipid metabolism, also associated with inflammatory markers. Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a complex metabolic disease related to increased blood glucose, triglycerides and VLDL and associated with different dyslipidaemias. The aim of this study was to analyze whether the APOE genotype could determining the risk of developing T2D in a large cohort of workers. Material and methodsData from the Aragon Workers Health Study (AWHS) (n=4895) were used to investigate the relationship between glycemic levels and APOE genotype. All patients in the AWHS cohort had their blood drawn after an overnight fast and laboratory tests were performed on the same day as the blood drawn. Dietary and physical assessment was assessed by face-to-face interview. APOE genotype was determined by the Sanger sequencing method. ResultsThe relationship between APOE genotype and glycemic profile showed that glucose, Hb1Ac, insulin and HOMA levels did not seem to be associated with the APOE genotype (p=0.563, p=0.605, p=0.333 and p=0.276, respectively). In addition, the T2D prevalence did not show an association with the APOE genotype (p=0.354). Along the same lines, blood glucose levels and T2D prevalence did not show association with the APOE allele. Shift work had some effect on the glycaemic profile, showing that night shift workers have significantly lower levels of glucose, insulin and HOMA (p<0.001). However, the APOE genotype did not show difference in the concentration of glycaemic parameters adjusting by sex, age and BMI, work shift and dietary parameters. ConclusionGlycemic profile and T2D prevalence did not show any significant association with the APOE genotype. Besides, individuals, who worked in non-rotating night shift showed significantly lower glycemic levels, while workers in the morning-afternoon-night shift showed significantly higher values.

Workplace bullying and violence in health sector in Saudi Arabia.

Workplace bullying violence (BV), with psychological and physical impacts, is increasing globally. However, studies from Saudi Arabia investigating which specialties are most exposed, and linking them with other factors, such as sociodemographic conditions, are scarce. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of workplace BV over a 12-month period and determine the circumstances related to the event, consequences for the attacker, and targeted personnel among all healthcare providers in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). This analytical cross-sectional study included all health providers registered with the Saudi Commission for Health Specialties who worked for more than 1 year in the healthcare sector (governmental or private) in the KSA until May 2019. In total, 7398 healthcare workers were electively enrolled in the study; 51.3% were men, and 48.7% were women, with a mean age of 40 ± 8.62 years. They were mostly (60%) non-Saudi. Overall, 26.6% encountered BV. Those who worked in the private sector, in shifts, especially evening shifts, were significantly more exposed. Furthermore, pharmacists had the highest prevalence of workplace violence. The prevalence of BV is moderately high; however, it is a serious issue faced by healthcare workers, especially those working night shifts. Pharmacists were more likely to experience bullying. This demonstrates that more support, specific strategies, and policies are required to reduce the occurrence of workplace BV, protect healthcare providers, and prevent attacks. Underreporting these situations may give an incorrect indication of the magnitude of the problem; thus, more education and further studies in the KSA are needed.

ViSHWaS: Violence Study of Healthcare Workers and Systems—a global survey

ObjectiveTo provide insights into the nature, risk factors, impact and existing measures for reporting and preventing violence in the healthcare system. The under-reporting of violence against healthcare workers (HCWs) globally...

Impact Of Simulated Night Shift Work On Subjective Desire To Eat In Healthy Lean Adults

Impact Of Simulated Night Shift Work On Subjective Desire To Eat In Healthy Lean Adults