Nickel Oxide Nanocomposites Research Articles

Exploring the antimicrobial and antioxidant potential of CuO doped NiO nanocomposites: synthesis, characterization, and melamine sensing evaluation

This research focused on synthesizing CuO@NiO nanocomposites using a co-precipitation method to explore their antimicrobial, antioxidant, and melamine-sensing capabilities. Nickel oxide (NiO), known for its stability and optical properties, was doped with copper oxide (CuO) to enhance its performance. The synthesized nanocomposites showed strong antioxidant activity, achieving 72% inhibition for 2% CuO@NiO and 80% inhibition for 5% CuO@NiO, as determined by the DPPH assay. Antimicrobial tests demonstrated significant inhibition of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, particularly with the 5% CuO@NiO composite. Electrochemical analysis, including cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry, revealed high sensitivity for melamine detection, with a detection limit of 0.01 µM. These results suggest that CuO@NiO nanocomposites hold promise for applications in antioxidant therapies, antimicrobial treatments, and chemical sensing.

Sunlight active Zeolite decorated N-doped nickel oxide nanocomposite for the efficient photocatalytic degradation of toxic phenols

Nanotechnology is the most advanced technique in current times, with nanoparticles and nanocomposites playing a vital role in the remediation of toxic contamination. Notably, nanoparticles synthesized using plant extracts exhibit superior stability and biocompatibility when compared to their counterparts produced through conventional chemical and physical methods. The present study focuses on the green synthesis of N-NiO@Zeolite nanocomposite utilizing Camellia sinensis (green tea) plant leaf extract. The green synthesized nanocomposite was employed for the photocatalytic degradation of toxic organic pollutants including, 3-Aminophenol (3-AP) and bisphenol A (BPA). Under solar irradiation, modified nanomaterials demonstrated excellent photocatalytic activities for degrading 3-AP and BPA. The optimum parameters for photocatalytic degradation were found to be pollutant concentrations of 10 mg/L for 3-AP and 4 mg/L for BPA, photocatalyst dosages of 15 mg for 3-AP and 10 mg for BPA, and neutral pH for both pollutants. Within 120 min, the synthesized N-NiO@zeolite nanocomposite achieved degradation efficiencies of 96 % for 3-AP and 94 % for BPA, superior performance on comparing its parental materials, N-NiO (78 % for 3-AP and 75 % for BPA) and NiO (66 % for 3-AP and 65 % for BPA). The degradation kinetics of both pollutants were accurately represented by first-order kinetics, Langmuir-Hinshelwood model and were consistent with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. Furthermore, the environmentally friendly N-NiO@Zeolite nanocomposite displayed outstanding durability and reusability, retaining photocatalytic efficiency after 10 cycles of repeated usage, and its stability was validated by PXRD analysis after treatment. This excellent reusability and stability demonstrate the nanocomposite’s potential as a long-term solution for commercial treatment of wastewater applications.

Photocatalytic activity of polyaniline‐potassium doped nickel oxide nanocomposites: A comprehensive investigation on multifaceted properties

AbstractPolyaniline‐potassium doped nickel oxide nanocomposites (PANI/KNO) were efficiently synthesized via an in situ chemical oxidation method, meticulously confirmed by comprehensive x‐ray diffraction, Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy, energy dispersive x‐ray spectroscopy, selected area electron diffraction, and x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses. The crystallite size and strain exhibited distinct behaviors, while field emission scanning electron microscopy revealed a blend of irregular spherical shapes and nanofibers, further confirmed by high resolution transmission electron microscopy. These composites exhibited significantly enhanced thermal stability, surpassing PANI by 1.39 times, and showcased a band gap exceeding 3 eV, along with multiple photoluminescence peaks at room temperature (RT). Moreover, their RT AC conductivity experienced a remarkable surge by 4.91 times compared to pure polyaniline. Jonscher's Power Law model and the Havriliak–Negami relaxation model are employed to elucidate the electrical properties of composite materials. The composites displayed nonDebye relaxation behavior with increased conductivity, as observed through impedance analysis, electrical modulus evaluation, and dielectric constant assessment. Additionally, evident superparamagnetic properties and multiple magnetic domains further contributed to their effectiveness. The PANI/KNO composite demonstrated photocatalytic efficiency, achieving over 90% degradation of methylene blue dye across four cycles, thus highlighting its superior photostability. Furthermore, investigations into its response to pH variations and scavenger activity underscored its immense potential for highly effective photocatalytic applications.

Ultrasound-assisted nano-GO/NiO mediated green synthesis, DFT studies and antiinflammatory activity of spiro indoles

An improved procedure has been developed for synthesizing derivatives of spiroindole in 84–87% yield by using catalytic amount of graphene oxide supported nickel oxide nanocomposite (GO/NiO NC) as a proficient heterogeneous catalyst under ultrasonic-irradiation. GO/NiO NC can be recycled and reused for three successive runs with slight reduction in its catalytic activity. Short reaction time, simple workup, and eco-friendly conditions are key features of the current protocol. Most importantly, the synthesized compounds, 4b, 4c, 5b, 5c, and 5d showed good anti-inflammatory potential by inhibiting protein denaturation at all the given concentrations. HOMO-LUMO studies indicate that the carbonitrile derivatives have the smallest energy gap which implies more chemical reactivity.

Enhancing wheat crop production with eco-friendly chitosan encapsulated nickel oxide nanocomposites: A safe and sustainable solution for higher yield

In this work, we looked at using nickel oxide (NiO) nanocomposites with chitosan encapsulation as a nano-primer to improve wheat crop output. A straightforward green precipitation procedure was used to create the nanocomposites, and they were then characterized using several methods. According to the findings, the chitosan-encapsulated NiO nanocomposites possessed a large surface area and were resilient to changes in pH. Following this, wheat seeds were primed with the nanocomposites, and under greenhouse circumstances, the impact on crop growth was assessed. The findings demonstrated that, in comparison to the control group, nanocomposites priming considerably enhanced wheat growth and germination rate up to 99 %. In comparison to untreated plants, the wheat plants treated with the nanocomposites primer had greater plant height i.e. shoot length (11.4 cm) and root length (10.3 cm), leaf area, and biomass accumulation. Further research into the mechanism underlying the priming effect of nanocomposites on wheat growth revealed that the nanocomposites enhanced nutrient absorption, photosynthesis, and stress tolerance in wheat plants. In conclusion, our research shows that chitosan-encapsulated NiO nanocomposites have the potential to improve wheat crop productivity in an environmentally benign and long-term manner, offering a viable strategy for sustainable farming.

Renewable biopolymer-derived carbon–nickel oxide nanocomposite as an emerging electrode material for energy storage applications

The high capacity electrode material design with rapid charging/discharging and long life capability have become critical issue and main concern in recent years. Nickel oxide (NiO) has received much attention in the field of energy storage as a cathode electrode materials owing to its layered structure with large spacing, crystal structure, and high specific surface area. In this study the chitosan derived carbon–nickel oxide ([email protected]) nanocomposite was synthesized from a NiO nanoparticle precursor using a precipitation approach, and chitosan (a renewable biopolymer) was used as a carbon resource. The formation mechanism, structural behavior, and morphological properties were examined using various types of microscopic and spectroscopic characterization techniques. The design material tested further as electrode material in an electrochemical half-cell and full cell symmetric assembly. In three electrode system the [email protected] nanocomposite exhibited satisfactory electrochemical performance with a high specific capacitance around 1011.10 Fg-1 and better cyclic stability 94.20% after 3000 cycles. In two electrode symmetric supercapacitive system the fabricated [email protected] delivered maximum Cs 88.30 Fg-1, stability with higher power density 7.84 Whkg-1 at energy density of 133.05 Wkg-1. The fabricated [email protected] electrode material retain the cyclic stability around 90% after 3500 consecutive charge/discharge cycles.

Synthesis effect on surface functionalized Ti3C2Tx MXene supported nickel oxide nanocomposites with enhanced specific capacity for supercapacitor application

Rich surface functionalization and active electrolyte-accessible supercapacitors are considered promising tools for enhanced energy storage capacity due to their high specific capacity and simple construction. One of the challenges in technical applications of recently developed MXene is that it causes phase transition and structural decomposition over time without delamination. Thus, a simple but effective method for increasing the stability of exfoliated MXene (Ti3C2Tx) by passivating exposed edges with Tetramethyl Ammonium Hydroxide (TMAOH) has been adopted here. In this work, we performed this delaminated MXene (DLMX) supported Nickel oxide (NiO) by three different synthesizing routes for composite preparation which have been thoroughly discussed. Bath Sonication assisted DLMX/NiO was found to increase oxygen-containing surface functionalities, surface area, and uniform delivery of partner composite, enhancing the electrochemical properties compared to Solvothermal and in situ-delamination synthesis. At a current density of 1 A/g, the fabricated electrode material exhibited a maximum capacity of 770C/g. After 3500 cycles a remarkable cycling performance of 97.2 % capacity retention and reached 88.1 % after 5000 cycles at 8 A/g current density. The as-assembled supercapacitor device has an energy density of up to 73 Wh kg−1 and a power density of 900 W kg−1 signifying an excellent device prospect, making them more practicable for marketable devices for advanced energy storage applications.

Hydrothermal synthesis of novel activated carbon–nickel oxide nanocomposites for uranium adsorption

Hydrothermal synthesis of novel activated carbon–nickel oxide nanocomposites for uranium adsorption

Optical, thermal, electrochemical, properties of nano graphene oxide / nickel oxide nano composite suitable for super capacitor applications

The chemical studies of as synthesized Nano Graphene Oxide / Nickel Oxide (GO-NiO) nanocomposites were examined by hydrothermal analysis of TGA & DTA, of UV–visible analysis, and the electrochemical performance of the as-prepared nanocompsoite materials was measured. The CV-Cyclic voltammetry GO/NiO nanocompsoite shows a higher specific capacitance of 707.86Fg−1 at a current density of 0.5 Ag−1. The electrochemical results showed that the GO-NiO nanocompsoite is a suitable material for electrode application in a super capacitor describes.

Electro-optical study of thermally stable PANI/lithium doped nickel oxide composites with enhanced photoluminescence properties

PANI/Lithium doped nickel oxide nanocomposites were synthesized via in-situ chemical oxidation polymerization method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) used to study the strucurtal confirmation of synthesized composites. FESEM images showed the fabrication of nanocomposites in porous and nanofibers form. EDS is confirming the presence of constituent elements. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of fabricated materials had the excellent thermal stability extended to higher temperature after doping in host matrix. Impedance analyzer has used to examine the electrical behaviors of synthesized composites. AC conductivity of synthesized composites were enhanced as compare to pure pani. Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy has used to study the optical characteristics of samples. Vibrating Samples Magnetometry results of composites depicts their superparamagnetic nature. In PL investigation, photoluminescence properties of affordable electro-optical fabricated materials were found to be improved at room temperature.

Synthesis, Characterization, Conductivity and Gas Sensing Application of Poly(diphenylamine)/Nickel Oxide Nanocomposites

Synthesis, Characterization, Conductivity and Gas Sensing Application of Poly(diphenylamine)/Nickel Oxide Nanocomposites

Photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue and rhodamine B using one-pot synthesized nickel oxide grafted glycine (NiO @GLY) nanostructured: Oxygen vacancies effect

A venerable challenge in environmental and materials science is the degradationof organic contaminants from wastewater using visible-light irradiation. The nickel oxide nanocomposite was synthesized using the facile one-pot combustion method at 550 °C. XRD, TEM, and N2 Sorption analysis confirmed the existence of mesoporous textured surfaces. Both spherical and hexagonal nanocrystals were produced with particle sizes ranging from 30 to 56 nm. The hexagonal nanocrystals appeared by increasing the glycine loading. The particle size of as-synthesized NiO @GLY was about 5–16 nm, with spherical morphology. The as-prepared hybrid composites were used to degrade harmful dyes. These produced systems seem to be governed by the interaction involving negatively charged nickel oxide nanoparticles and the amino group of glycine, as evidenced by zeta potential management. The degradation mechanism was found to follow the pseudo-first-order kinetics. S4 shows a promising result with degradation efficiency of 99 % methylene blue, 96 % rhodamine B, and 93 % for the mixed dye. The enhancement is related to oxygen vacancies, which support the photocatalyst's activity and stability.

Bicontinuous oxide heteroepitaxy with enhanced photoconductivity

Self-assembled systems have recently attracted extensive attention because they can display a wide range of phase morphologies in nanocomposites, providing a new arena to explore novel phenomena. Among these morphologies, a bicontinuous structure is highly desirable based on its high interface-to-volume ratio and 3D interconnectivity. A bicontinuous nickel oxide (NiO) and tin dioxide (SnO2) heteroepitaxial nanocomposite is revealed here. By controlling their concentration, we fabricated tuneable self-assembled nanostructures from pillars to bicontinuous structures, as evidenced by TEM-energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy with a tortuous compositional distribution. The experimentally observed growth modes are consistent with predictions by first-principles calculations. Phase-field simulations are performed to understand 3D microstructure formation and extract key thermodynamic parameters for predicting microstructure morphologies in SnO2:NiO nanocomposites of other concentrations. Furthermore, we demonstrate significantly enhanced photovoltaic properties in a bicontinuous SnO2:NiO nanocomposite macroscopically and microscopically. This research shows a pathway to developing innovative solar cell and photodetector devices based on self-assembled oxides.

Synthesis of Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles and Copper-Doped Nickel Oxide Nanocomposites Using Phytolacca dodecandra L'Herit Leaf Extract and Evaluation of Its Antioxidant and Photocatalytic Activities.

Nanotechnology research is emerging as cutting-edge technology, and nanoparticles (NPs) and nanocomposites (NCs) have played a significant role in the bioremediation and treatment of polluted water by organic and nonorganic materials. Nanoparticles produced by plant extracts are more stable and biocompatible in comparison with those produced by physical and chemical methods. This research focuses on the synthesis of NiO NPs and Cu-NiO NCs using Phytolacca dodecandra L'Herit (P.d) leaf extract and evaluation of their antioxidant and photocatalytic activities. Cu-NiO NCs were synthesized using 50 mL of 0.1 M nickel(II) nitrate hexahydrate, 10 mL of 0.1 M copper(II) nitrate trihydrate, and 20 mL of leaf extract. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by UV-vis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses to study the energy band gap, average crystallite size, functional groups, and morphology of the samples, respectively. The UV-vis analysis showed a red shift after copper doping, indicating a decrease in the optical band gap values. FT-IR characterization confirms the presence of various functional groups in samples. Crystallite sizes of the formed particles were obtained to be 14.18 and 16.10 nm from the XRD data for NiO NPs and Cu-NiO NCs, respectively. SEM showed the crystallinity of particles with a cubic structure. The photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) was found to be 78.3 and 97.8% by NiO NPs and Cu-NiO NCs, respectively. In the antioxidant test, NiO NPs and Cu-NiO NCs prevented the oxidation of 50% of the H2O2 molecules at a concentration of 363.96 and 350.29 μg/mL, respectively. Finally, the synthesized samples showed good photocatalytic and antioxidant activities.

Green synthesis and characterization of chitosan doped nickel oxide nanocomposites using Euphorbia hirta and its antimicrobial activity

Chitin is extracted from shells of shrimps and characterized using UV-drs spectroscopy.It is converted to chitosan by the process of deacetylation and to nanochitosan by the process of sonication.Chitosan and nanochitosan are characterised using UV-Vis and FTIR spectroscopy. Nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO) are green synthesised from Nickel chloride crystals using Euphorbia hirta medicinal plant leaf extract which contains alkanes, triterpenes, phytosterols, tannins, polyphenols and flavanoids as reducing agent. E.hirta serves as a good medicine for treating female disorders, respiratory ailments, worm infestations in children, dysentery, jaundice, pimples, gonorrhea, digestive problems and tumors.The formation of nano NiO is characterised by UV-Vis, FTIR and XRD spectroscopic techniques. The nano NiO particles are doped with nanochitosan and the antimicrobial activity of the resulting composite is analysed with Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacterium using amikacin as the control. The results shows the enhancement in the antibacterial nature of the composite.

Enhancing selectivity of solar absorber using reduced graphene oxide modified nickel oxide nanocomposite thin films

Commercial solar selective absorbers prepared through several techniques have encountered drawbacks of necessitating complicated and expensive equipment, substantial materials requirement, and polluting environment. In this context, carbon incorporated metal oxide thin films have shown promise of low-cost, non-toxic, and efficient solar selective absorbers. In particular, association of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and nickel oxide (NiO) could facilitate highly ascertained optical properties, environment friendliness, and low-cost. Present study focuses on preparing a novel, high performance, and low-cost rGO-NiO solar selective absorber thin films. Thin films comprised of reduced graphene oxide modified nickel oxide nanocomposites (rGO-NiO NCs) were prepared through solvothermal route and coated on aluminum (Al) substrates by dip-coating technique. The rGO-NiO NCs examined using X-ray diffractometer revealed formation of face centered cubic crystallite structure. The scanning electron microscope images disclosed spherical morphology of NiO decorated on the rGO sheets. The spectra derived from energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy ascertained absence of peaks corresponding to impurities. The Raman investigation exhibited high intensity ratio (0.97) of the rGO-NiO NCs that described higher disorder and binding sites. The optical property analysis of the rGO-NiO NC (0.2 wt% rGO) thin film performed in UV–vis-NIR reflectance spectroscopy showed high absorptance (α = 88.03 %) and low thermal emittance (ε = 4.5 %), which eventually delivered high solar selectivity (ξ) of 19.56. These findings suggest that the prepared 0.2 % rGO-NiO NC thin film can be utilized as an appropriate selective absorber for solar to thermal energy conversion.

Facile synthesis and characterization of metal ions (Ce, Cu, Gd, Mn and Y) doped Nickel Oxide nanostructures for spintronic and photodiode applications

Multiphase hexagon and flower-shaped structures of NiO nanocomposites have been prepared with different metal ions (Ce, Cu, Gd, Mn and Y) using facile and low-cost co-precipitation method. The optical, structural, morphological, and magnetic properties of the synthesized nanostructures have been investigated. The XDR measurement reveals the coexistence of several crystal structures like cubic, monoclinic, tetragonal, and orthorhombic which unveils the formation of polymorphism in the nanocomposites with high crystallinity. A wideband has been located in the FT-IR spectra at around 600 cm−1 revealing the metal oxide (M-O) phase formation. DRS exhibits four large and intense absorption bands at 260, 380, 420, and 720 nm in the UV and visible domains assigned to the nanocrystalline phases of NiO, CuO, CeO, and MnO, respectively. SEM images of metal-doped nickel oxide nanocomposites show a white sponge, semi-spherical, flower-like, and hexagon-shaped particles of 15 nm size. TEM result establishes a smooth surface for samples grown from gadolinium and yttrium, contrary to other samples made off cerium and manganese demonstrate a rough surface. A ferromagnetic tendency has been located for samples prepared from copper, manganese, and gadolinium-based NiO nanocomposites with coercivities of 132, 113, and 26 Oe, correspondingly. Photodiode characteristics were also investigated on the developed devices. These outcomes signify their use in spintronic and optoelectronic industries.

Direct In Situ Vertical Growth of Interlaced Mesoporous NiO Nanosheets on Carbon Felt for Electrocatalytic Ammonia Synthesis.

Metal oxide nanomaterials directly grown on conductive substrates are optimal electrode materials because their structures allow for rapid ion and electron transport and thereby reduce internal resistance in the electrode. The development of such binder-free, self-supporting electrodes is of great significance for applications in electrocatalysis. In this work, a simple hydrothermal in situ self-assembly reaction and annealing process was developed to prepare three kinds of nickel oxide @ carbon felt (NiO@CF) nanocomposites with different morphologies. The influence of different precipitators (strong or weak bases) on the morphology of the resulting nano-sized nickel oxide nanocomposites was investigated. The microstructures of the NiO@CF samples were characterized with field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). When ammonia was used as the precipitator, NiO grew vertically on the surface of the carbon felt and formed a mesoporous nanosheet-like structure (NiO NSs@CF). As an electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (e-NRR) electrode, the NiO NSs@CF sample showed an excellent NH3 yield (71.3 μg h-1 mg-1 cat. ) and Faradaic efficiency (17.9 % at -0.5 V vs. RHE) in 0.1 M Na2 SO4 . The good performance was attributed to the vertical interleaved mesoporous sheet-like structure (with the pore size of 15 nm and the thickness of ∼30 nm) and the relatively high concentration of oxygen vacancies. First-principles calculations with strong on-site Coulomb interactions demonstrated that the presence of oxygen vacancy on NiO sample leads to a significantly stronger N binding over the surface, benefiting for the nitrogen gas adsorption and reduction. The e-NRR performance of this binder-free, flexible electrode material is superior to that of other reported nickel-based nanomaterials. This study highlights the potential of such binder-free carbon felt electrodes for use in e-NRR that could meet the needs of industrial production.

Efficient photodegradation of orange II dye by nickel oxide nanoparticles and nanoclay supported nickel oxide nanocomposite

The Nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO NPs) and Nickel oxide/Nanoclay nanocomposite (NiO/Nc NC) were synthesized by chemical reduction method and used for the photodegradation of Orange II dyes in aqueous solution. The synthesized samples were characterized through SEM, EDX, FTIR and TGA. The SEM analysis presented that the NiO NPs are spherical with irregular shapes and sizes. The size of particles is in the range of 100–400 nm. It was also observed that the NiO NPs are deposited on the surface of Nanoclay. The EDX study confirmed the formation of metal NPs and verify and purity. The FT-IR spectra of NiO and NiO/Nc NC presented peaks at 432 cm−1 and 504 cm−1, which correspond to NiO while peak at 1090–940 cm−1 is due to Si–O stretching vibration of orthosilicate anions and Si–O–Al groups. The photodegradation study illustrated that the NiO NPs and NiO/Nc NC degraded about 93 and 96% Orange II in aqueous medium, respectively within 20 min. The effect of various parameters like initial concentration of dyes, pH, recycled catalysts, and catalyst dosage were also studied.

Graphene-loaded nickel oxide nanocomposite as anode material for microbial fuel cell

Graphene-loaded nickel oxide nanocomposite as anode material for microbial fuel cell