Adsorption Of Nickel Research Articles

Functionalization of a cast NaAl/binary ZnO/SiO2 nanohybrid with amine and Schiff base ligands as an adsorbent of divalent cations in water system.

Casting method was used to synthesize a novel sodium alginate nanohybrid functionalized with aminated ZnO/SiO2 Schiff base for adsorption of nickel (Ni2+) and copper (Cu2+) divalent cations in single and binary water systems. The cast Schiff base nanohybrids were investigated using FESEM, XRD, BET, FTIR, TGA, and XPS analyses. The influence of unfunctionalized binary ZnO/SiO2 nano oxides and aminated Schiff base ligands formed by the reaction between salicylaldehyde and O-phenylenediamine on the adsorption of Ni2+ and Cu2+ cations was evaluated. The results confirmed that the aminated Schiff base ligands led to a higher adsorption ability of the cast nanohybrids containing interaction of divalent cations with nitrogen and oxygen atoms, as well as carboxyl and hydroxyl groups. The adsorption kinetics and isotherm for both cations followed a double-exponential model and the Redlich-Peterson model, respectively. The maximum monolayer capacity was found to be 249.8mg/g for Cu2+ cation and 96.4mg/g for Ni2+ cation. Thermodynamic analysis revealed an endothermic and spontaneous adsorption process with an increase in entropy. Furthermore, the synthesized Schiff base adsorbent could be easily reused over five times. The simultaneous adsorption in binary system exhibited a higher adsorption selectivity of the cast Schiff base nanohybrid for Cu2+ cation compared to Ni2+ cation. It was found that the removal percentages of Cu2+ and Ni2+ from industrial electroplating wastewater were 91.3 and 64.5%, respectively. Lastly, cost analysis of the synthesized nanohybrid was investigated.

Treating waste with waste: Efficient separation of Ni(II) from wastewater by a waste-derived polyimide foam with rationally designed structure

The separation and upcycling of nickel from industrial wastewater is significant because it is harmful to the environment and human health. With the development of special engineering plastics industry, a substantial amount of polyimide (PI) scrap is generated. In this study, an amine and carboxyl functionalized PI (PI-AC) was prepared from waste-derived PI foam for the adsorption and separation of Ni(II). The adsorption performance of PI-AC can be modulated by adjusting the ratio of functional groups. PI-AC demonstrated rapid adsorption kinetics (<5 min) for Ni(II) and effectively adsorbed Ni(II) from real wastewater in column experiments. PI-AC shows a competitive dynamic adsorption capacity for Ni(II) (222.59 mg/g) as compared with most of the reported adsorbents. Furthermore, the successful removal of Ni from low-concentration simulated Ni-containing wastewater (7.18 mg/L) results in a residual Ni concentration (0.001 mg/L) that complies with the emission standard. The porous structure of the PI foam enables rapid adsorption of nickel and column adsorption was successfully achieved. The adsorption performance exhibited maintained stably even after five cycles, demonstrating excellent recoverability. The characterizations, comparison studies, and DFT calculations demonstrated that one nitrogen atom in the amine group and one oxygen atom in the carboxyl group act as a bidentate ligand to chelate with Ni(II). This study opens a new way for the treatment of wastewater using PI foam scrap, which coincides with the idea of “treating the waste with waste”.

Study on the equilibrium and kinetics of nickel (II) adsorption on cellulose from peanut shell modified with chitosan

In this study, cellulose was produced by activating peanut shells with 5% NaOH as an alkaline agent and bleaching with 5 wt.% H2O2. Before being modified with chitosan, the cellulose was slightly oxidized with ammonium persulfate to introduce carboxyl groups. The equilibrium and kinetics of nickel adsorption on the as-prepared material were investigated. Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherm models were used to describe the equilibrium isotherms. The Langmuir and Temkin adsorption isotherms were better fits to the equilibrium data than the Freundlich equation. The Langmuir monolayer adsorption capacity of nickel ions on cellulose from peanut shells modified with chitosan was found to be 25.70 mg/g. The Temkin adsorption constant was calculated as 0.45 kJ/mol. Therefore, the interaction between nickel ions and the surface of the as-prepared material are assumed to be weak. Kinetic data were evaluated by pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models, and rate constants were determined. Simulations demonstrated that the pseudo-second-order equation could adequately describe the adsorption of nickel ions.

Preparation and Use of Activated Carbon from Periwinkle Shell for Water Treatment in Nkanu East Local Government Area of Enugu State, Nigeria

Activated carbon is normally produced from various carbonaceous materials of both plant and animal origin. This work was focused on the preparation of activated carbon from periwinkle shells gotten from kenyetta market in Enugu, and its use as an adsorbent for water treatment in Nkanu East Local Government Area of Enugu State. The activated carbon, (AC) is prepared by acid activation method at temperature of 6000C. The effects of carbonization and acid impregnation time on the adsorption potential of the activated carbons on adsorption of nickel and lead from inyaba river water in Amagunze, in Nkanu East L.G.A, was examined. The results show that the concentrations of nickel and lead before purification are 1.86mg/l and 0.08 mg/l respectively. After purification, lead was not detected in any of the samples while the concentrations of nickel reduced from 1.86 mg/l to 0.30 mg/l. Thus, this study showed that activated carbon produced from periwinkle shell is suitable for the adsorption of Ni+2 and Pb+2 ions and as such could be used as a costeffective and locally accessed adsorbent in the treatment of contaminated river water.

Valorization of winemaking residues as biochar for removing Ni(II) from real industrial painting process effluent in a fixed-bed column.

In this work, the adsorption of nickel ions from a real effluent from a metal-mechanic industry was investigated in a fixed-bed column using biochar. Biochar was prepared from winemaking residues originating from the Beifiur® composting process. The use of wine industry residues as precursor materials for biochar production is established in biomass residue valorization using the existing logistics and the lowest possible number of manipulations and pre-treatments. The results found in the work showed that the optimal conditions for nickel adsorption in fixed-bed columns were bed height (Z) of 7 cm, initial nickel concentration (C0) of 1.5 mg L-1, and flow rate (Q) of 18 mL min-1. In this condition, the maximum adsorption capacity of the column was 0.452 mg g-1, the mass transfer zone (Zm) was 3.3 cm, the treated effluent volume (Veff) was 9.72 L, and the nickel removal (R) was 92.71%. The Yoon-Nelson and BDST dynamic models were suitable to represent the breakthrough curves of nickel adsorption. Finally, the fixed-bed column adsorption using biochar from winemaking residues proved to be a promising alternative for nickel removal from real industrial effluents.

Study of the adsorption of copper, nickel and zinc ions on a zeolite-containing sorbent synthesized from thermal power plant waste

The study investigated the possibility of using ash and slag waste from thermal power plants as an alternative raw material source to obtain an inexpensive zeolite-containing sorbent, which was synthesized by hydrothermal synthesis by adding 20% sodium hydroxide at a temperature of 120оC for 24 hours. Using X-ray diffraction, it was established that the synthesized material mainly consists of the framework aluminosilicate mineral hydrosodalite. Using the obtained material, the sorption of copper, zinc, and nickel cations from aqueous media was studied using the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin-Radushkevich models. The constants of these equations were determined, the values of the isobaric-isothermal potential and the free energy of ion adsorption were calculated. It has been established that the sorption of metal ions is of a physical nature. It was found that the Dubinin–Radushkevich equation better describes the process of adsorption of zinc and nickel, and the Langmuir equation better describes the sorption of copper ions. The decrease in the degree of affinity of sorbed ions to the surface of the synthesized zeolite-containing sorbent was determined as follows: . Thus, based on the obtained values of sorption of copper, zinc, and nickel ions, the fundamental possibility of using ash and slag waste as a raw material source for obtaining inexpensive and effective zeolite-containing sorbents for extracting the above metal ions from aqueous media was established.

Continuous fixed‐bed column adsorption of nickel (II) using recyclable three‐dimensional cellulose nanocrystals‐hydrogel: Bed depth service time, Thomas, Adams–Bohart, and Yoon–Nelson modelling

AbstractHeavy metal ions have detrimental impacts on both the environment and human health. Therefore, it is necessary to develop simple, economical water treatment adsorbents that employ easily modifiable, organic, biodegradable polymers like cellulose nanocrystals. This work used Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) to characterize the cellulose nanocrystal hydrogel prepared to remove Ni2+. The hydrogel was established to have two stable degradation points, ranging from 70 to 120°C to 250 to 380°C. Additionally, the principal functionalized groups observed in the hydrogel's molecular structure were CH, OH, and CO, which were uniform distribution and finger‐like structures as seen by SEM. It consisted of crystalline and amorphous structures, as shown by XRD patterns, making it a viable option for water filtration. BET showed that the surface area of the hydrogel increased upon modification. The column study involves optimization of pH, flow rate, concentration, and bed depth. According to experimental data, the effects of breakthrough parameters including pH (4, 5, 6) influent concentration (50, 75, and 100 mg/L), feed flow rate (5, 10, and 15 mL/min), and bed height (10, 15, and 20 cm). With an adsorption capacity of 58.65 mg/g, a flow rate of 10 mL/min, a bed depth of 20 cm, an influent concentration of 75 mg/L and a pH of 5 was found. The column experimental data fitted better to the Thomas, Yoon–Nelson, and bed depth service time modelling (R2 &gt; 0.99) than the Adams–Bohart model with R2 &gt; 0.90. The adsorbent is economical and environmentally friendly due to its excellent regeneration capacity.

Heavy metal adsorption from phosphoric acid 29% P2O5 with Amberlite IRC200 Na resin

ABSTRACT Phosphoric acid plays a major role in our day-to-day life since it is used among other applications to produce fertilizers. Nevertheless, its production from phosphate rock often involves the presence of heavy metals. This study investigates the adsorption of cadmium, zinc, nickel, chromium, arsenic, and vanadium from phosphoric acid on a strongly acidic cation exchange resin, Amberlite IRC200 Na. Amberlite IRC200 Na is an easily regenerated resin with a high selectivity toward divalent cations (Cd, Zn, and Ni) removing 94% of them, while the formation of anionic or neutral complexes with phosphoric acid hinders the adsorption of Cr (70%), As and V (below 20%) on the resin. To model the resin adsorption in a continuous flow, the kinetics and isotherm have been studied. The fast adsorption of metals follows a pseudo-second order kinetic, where the rate is equivalent to the square of the number of remaining adsorption sites. The adsorption isotherm follows a Langmuir equilibrium model, which indicates that the ion exchange can be approximated to a homogeneous adsorption. The kinetic and isotherm results show that the resin is not selective between divalent ions.

Resourcization of Argillaceous Limestone with Mn3O4 Modification for Efficient Adsorption of Lead, Copper, and Nickel.

Argillaceous limestone (AL) is comprised of carbonate minerals and clay minerals and is widely distributed throughout the Earth's crust. However, owing to its low surface area and poorly active sites, AL has been largely neglected. Herein, manganic manganous oxide (Mn3O4) was used to modify AL by an in-situ deposition strategy through manganese chloride and alkali stepwise treatment to improve the surface area of AL and enable its utilization as an efficient adsorbent for heavy metals removal. The surface area and cation exchange capacity (CEC) were enhanced from 3.49 to 24.5 m2/g and 5.87 to 31.5 cmoL(+)/kg with modification, respectively. The maximum adsorption capacities of lead (Pb2+), copper (Cu2+), and nickel (Ni2+) ions on Mn3O4-modified argillaceous limestone (Mn3O4-AL) in mono-metal systems were 148.73, 41.30, and 60.87 mg/g, respectively. In addition, the adsorption selectivity in multi-metal systems was Pb2+ > Cu2+ > Ni2+ in order. The adsorption process conforms to the pseudo-second-order model. In the multi-metal system, the adsorption reaches equilibrium at about 360 min. The adsorption mechanisms may involve ion exchange, precipitation, electrostatic interaction, and complexation by hydroxyl groups. These results demonstrate that Mn3O4 modification realized argillaceous limestone resourcization as an ideal adsorbent. Mn3O4-modified argillaceous limestone was promising for heavy metal-polluted water and soil treatment.

Towards sustainable battery recycling: selective dynamic adsorption of nickel(II) and cobalt(II) in an adsorbent fixed-bed reactor at elevated temperature

Caused by the scarce resources of critical heavy metals which are in high demand, e.g., for lithium-ion batteries, processes for the recovery of such materials for recycling are of high interest. Adsorption is an effective method in order to selectively separate metal ions from aqueous solutions. Unfortunately, the prerequisites in battery recycling, like acidic pH-value and high temperature, are in general impairing the adsorption process. In this study, the competitive dynamic adsorption of nickel(II) (Ni(II)) and cobalt(II) (Co(II)) by a silica adsorbent functionalized with amino-polycarboxylate derivative ligands (designated as HSU331) under recycling process conditions, (pH = 3.5, T = 20 °C, and T = 50 °C, respectively) and varying concentrations (Ni(II):Co(II) 1:1 (5.0, and 10 mmol·L−1, respectively), Ni(II):Co(II) 3:1 and 1:3 (3.0 mmol·L−1 and 1.0 mmol·L−1 vice versa)) were investigated. A displacement desorption of Co(II) in favor of the binding of Ni(II) was observed, achieving maximum loadings of 0.95 µmolNi(II)·µmolLigand−1 (28.3 mgNi(II)·gAdsorbent−1), and 0.48 µmolCo(II)·µmolLigand−1 (14.3 mgCo(II)·gAdsorbent−1) at T = 20 °C and 1.0 µmolNi(II)·µmolLigand−1 (29.9 mgNi(II)·gAdsorbent−1) and 0.18 µmolCo(II)·µmolLigand−1 (5.38 mgCo(II)·gAdsorbent−1) at T = 50 °C, respectively. These results demonstrate a distinctly selective separation of Ni(II) in the presence of Co(II) by HSU331, achieving an even higher efficiency at elevated temperatures.

Adsorption of Nickel (II) ions from aqueous solution using Potassium Carbonate activated Tectona grandis leaves carbon

Activated carbon has been prepared from Tectona grandis leaves and characterized. This carbon is ready to sorb metal ions from its aqueous solution. It has been noted that a increasing the carbon dose with constant Ni (II) ion solution concentration, or a rise in the Ni (II) ion solution concentration with constant carbon concentration resulted in a higher and lower nickel uptake per unit weight of carbon respectively. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models of this adsorption system were studied and reported. The surface adsorption capability (Q0 ) calculated from Langmuir isotherm was 38.025 mg Ni(II) g”1 at initial hydrogen ion concentration of 20 mg/l at 305 K for the particle size 150 300ìm. Dynamics of the system was studied with linearised forms of Lagergren, Ho and Webber Morris models.

Adsorption and Kinetic Studies of Nickel(II) Ions onto Vermiculite based Ionite

Using vermiculite based ionite, the absorption efficiencies of Ni2+ ions from synthetic solutions were investigated. The effects of pH and initial concentration of Ni2+ ions their absorption capacity were investigated to optimize process conditions using pseudo-first and pseudo-second-order. The results obtained from the sorption of Ni2+ ions on vermiculite based ionite show the kinetic characteristics close to the pseudo-second order. The high Ni2+ ions sorption is attributed due to the the complexation of metal ions with −NH2 groups present in the absorbent, which results in the strong coordination bonds.

Adsorption of Nickel Ions on the γ-Alumina Surface: Competitive Effect of Protons and Its Impact on Concentration Profiles.

Mesoporous γ-alumina is used as an adsorbent in the decontamination of water from heavy metals (e.g., nickel and cobalt) and as a support for heterogeneous catalysts prepared by impregnation. In these cases, alumina extrudates are in contact with aqueous solutions containing precursors of the active metal phase to be deposited. The proton concentration (or pH) in the metal solution in contact with alumina can impact the adsorption efficiency of decontamination processes and the activities of catalysts. Yet, it is difficult to quantify the effect of the pH inside the pores since protons are not detected by classical imaging techniques. In this article, the effect of protons on nickel adsorption on alumina is evaluated using a novel technique coupling liquid analysis (pH, conductivity, and UV/vis) and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (or LIBS) analysis of concentration gradients inside the solid. Both methods are in excellent agreement. The results show a slow diffusion of protons inside alumina pores (diffusion continues even after 940 min), yielding high proton concentration gradients. On the other hand, the nickel species penetrate the extrudates faster but are slowly displaced by protons under certain operating conditions. As a result, different metal concentration profiles are obtained, depending on the initial pH and contact time. These findings are interesting in catalysis since they prove the possibility of controlling the deposition of the active metal on catalysts by regulating the operating conditions of impregnation. For typical industrial impregnation times (a few minutes to 1 to 2 h), protons do not have enough time to deeply penetrate inside extrudates, so the initial pH of the metal solution will have nearly no effect on the metal distribution. Conversely, decontamination processes have much longer contact times; therefore, lower initial pH values should have negative impacts on the adsorption efficiency due to the protons displacing the adsorbed nickel.

Investigation for Fixed-Bed-Column Adsorption of Nickel Using Cellulose/Chitosan/Fe3O4

Investigation for Fixed-Bed-Column Adsorption of Nickel Using Cellulose/Chitosan/Fe3O4

Qualitative and Quantitative Investigation of Biochar-Cu0 Composite for Nickel Adsorption.

The current investigation deals with the treatment of water pollution that is caused by the leaching of nickel ions from the metallurgical industry and new-energy batteries. Therefore, an eco-friendly treatment of nickel through the use of a composite of cotton stalk biochar with nanozerovalent copper has been presented in this investigation signifying the impact of zerovalent copper in enhancing the adsorption capacity of biochar for nickel adsorption. Thermogravimetric analysis data showed the adsorbent to be significantly stable in the higher thermal range, whereas transmission electron microscopy analysis confirmed the particles to be 27 nm and also showed the cubic geometry of the particles. A much closer scanning electron microscopy analysis shows the morphology of particles to be cubic in shape. Batch adsorption indicated a positive influence of pH increase on adsorption due to the electrostatic attraction between positive nickel ions and post point of zero charge (pHPZC) negative surface of copper biochar composite (pH > 5.5). A high adsorption rate was observed in the first 60 min, whereas adsorption increased with the increase in temperature from 303 to 318 K. Kinetic modeling confirmed the pseudo-first-order to fit best to the data. The apparent activation energy (11.96 kJ mol-1) is indicative of the chemical nature of the process. The adsorption data fitted well to the Langmuir adsorption model. The negative values of apparent ΔG° and the positive values of apparent ΔH° indicate the spontaneity and endothermicity of the process, respectively, whereas the positive values of apparent ΔS° point toward increased randomness during the process. Postadsorption XPS suggests the adsorption of nickel on the surface of biochar composites in the form of Ni(OH)2 and NiO(OH).

Innovative Low-Cost Composite Nanoadsorbents Based on Eggshell Waste for Nickel Removal from Aqueous Media.

In a contemporary sustainable economy, innovation is a prerequisite to recycling waste into new efficient materials designed to minimize pollution and conserve non-renewable natural resources. Using an innovative approach to remediating metal-polluted water, in this study, eggshell waste was used to prepare two new low-cost nanoadsorbents for the retrieval of nickel from aqueous solutions. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results show that in the first eggshell-zeolite (EZ) adsorbent, the zeolite nanoparticles were loaded in the eggshell pores. The preparation for the second (iron(III) oxide-hydroxide)-eggshell-zeolite (FEZ) nanoadsorbent led to double functionalization of the eggshell base with the zeolite nanoparticles, upon simultaneous loading of the pores of the eggshell and zeolite surface with FeOOH particles. Structural modification of the eggshell led to a significant increase in the specific surface, as confirmed using BET analysis. These features enabled the composite EZ and FEZ to remove nickel from aqueous solutions with high performance and adsorption capacities of 321.1 mg/g and 287.9 mg/g, respectively. The results indicate that nickel adsorption on EZ and FEZ is a multimolecular layer, spontaneous, and endothermic process. Concomitantly, the desorption results reflect the high reusability of these two nanomaterials, collectively suggesting the use of waste in the design of new, low-cost, and highly efficient composite nanoadsorbents for environmental bioremediation.

Study of the nickel removal from water applying Design of Experiments and using natural clay honeycomb monoliths

A natural Moroccan illite-smectite clay was investigated as adsorbent of nickel in water. Before its use, it was processed without additives as honeycomb monoliths, an advantageous design in many methods developed to control environmental pollution. The performance of the resulting monoliths was studied in dynamic conditions by flow recirculation through the honeycombs and using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy for the determination of residual nickel concentration in the solutions. Design of experiments (DoE) was employed to evaluate the influence of three parameters and their interaction on the nickel adsorption capacity of the clay honeycombs: nickel concentration (10–206 ppm), salt concentration (4–36 g/L), and water flow (94–364 mL/min). Based on previous studies, recirculation time, pH and temperature were fixed at 1 h, 4.5 and room temperature, respectively. The maximum amount of nickel adsorbed (0.83 mg/g of clay) was obtained for a nickel concentration of 206 ppm, a 218 mL/min flow, and a salt concentration of 4 g/L. Experimental conditions for the highest repeatability were estimated, the respective values being 108.2 ppm, 94 mL/min and 20 g/L. Nickel retention by the clay was also confirmed after the adsorption tests by direct characterization of the used structured adsorbent through X-ray Fluorescence and SEM-EDS.

Nanostructured faujasites with different structural and textural properties for adsorption of cobalt and nickel

Nanostructured faujasites with different structural and textural properties for adsorption of cobalt and nickel

Simultaneous remediation of Cr and Ni from waste water using efficient Schiff-base resin bis(2-methoxy-1-napthaldehy)-O-phenylene diimine as an adsorbent

In this study, we report the synthesis of a Schiff base, bis(2-methoxy-1-napthaldehy)-o-phenylene diimine (BMNOPhen), and a Schiff-base resin, bis-2-methoxy-1-napthaldehy-o-phenylenediimine (PMBMNOPhen). The materials were characterized via different spectroscopic techniques; CHN analysis, FT-IR, TGA, EDS, SEM, and XRD to analyze the structure and surface morphology and crystallographic evolution of the polymeric resin. The synthesized resin was used for uptake studies with Ni(II) and Cr(VI) ions. The optimum conditions were determined by different parameters used to describe the effects of uptake including initial concentration, temperature, time, and pH through batch adsorption methods. Different functional groups like azomethine, OH, and amine present in the Schiff-based resin structure contain donor N and O atoms which can coordinate cationic metal ions, supported by the active adsorption of chromium(VI) and nickel(II). The isotherm data are informative and useful for calculating and modeling adsorption capacity and exploring the mechanism of removal by the adsorbent Different types of adsorption isotherms like Langmuir, Freundlich, and kinetic studies were used on environmental water samples. The polymeric resin PMBMNOPhen was used for elimination of Cr(VI) and Ni(II) ions in real water samples from different agricultural cities of Sindh (Province of Pakistan) such as Sanghar, Tando-Adam, Kotri, and Jamshoro.

Optimization of Nickel(II) adsorption by sodium tripolyphosphate crosslinked chitosan using response surface methodology (RSM)

This study aimed to synthesize chitosan crosslinked by sodium tripolyphosphate with different concentrations and optimize it for Ni(II) adsorption in a batch adsorption system. The BET analysis and the solubility/swelling test showed that as the crosslinking degree increased, the surface area and total pore volume decreased while the physicochemical properties improved. The effect of the initial pH and temperature on the adsorption of Ni(II) was studied in a batch adsorption system, and thermodynamic parameters were calculated. In order to enhance the adsorption capacity of crosslinked chitosan, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed to establish a correlation between two independent experimental factors, namely pH and crosslinking degree, and the Ni(II) adsorption capacity. By changing these factors, the aim was to optimize the adsorption capacity of crosslinked chitosan. The constructed model was well-aligned with the experimental data with an R2 = 96.05%. According to the model, an adsorption capacity of 31.94 mg/g could be achieved at a pH of 7.21 and a crosslinking degree of 2.93% (w/v). Among isotherm models investigated, the Langmuir model was found to be more appropriate for studying Ni(II) adsorption with maximum adsorption capacity in the order of chitosan beads> crosslinked chitosan beads. The mechanism of adsorption and crosslinking reaction was also investigated using FT-IR and SEM-EDS techniques, implying that the amine groups were the primary sites for metal ions uptake as well as crosslinking reaction. A mixture of NaCl and H2SO4 could release the sorbed Ni(II) ions from STPP-CB5% with a recovery of 83% after one sorption-desorption cycle.