Nicholas Van Research Articles

706. An Ad Hoc Subgroup Analysis of a Phase 3, Open-Label Study Indicates Efficacy and Safety of Fecal Microbiota, Live-jslm in Participants With Recurrent Clostridioides difficile Infection and Renal Impairment

Abstract Background Patients with renal comorbidity are at risk of severe Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) and recurrence. Fecal microbiota, live-jslm (REBYOTA™, abbreviated here as RBL, previously known as RBX2660) is the first FDA-approved, microbiota-based live biotherapeutic for the prevention of recurrent CDI (rCDI) in adults following antibiotic treatment for rCDI. An ad hoc subgroup analysis of PUNCH CD3-OLS (NCT03931941), an ongoing, open-label, phase 3 trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of RBL, assessed outcomes in participants with renal comorbidity. Methods PUNCH CD3-OLS participants were ≥ 18 years old with medically documented rCDI, including first recurrence determined by the treating physician, and assessed with standard-of-care (SOC) diagnostic methods. After SOC antibiotics, participants received a single dose of rectally administered RBL. Treatment success was defined as remaining recurrence free for 8 weeks after treatment. Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) through 6 months of treatment were reported. Participants with renal comorbidity were identified from the medical history dictionary-derived terms in the modified intent-to-treat (mITT) population. Results Within the mITT population, 98 of 402 participants with adjudicated outcomes had renal comorbidity, including chronic kidney disease (n=29) and end-stage renal failure (n=5). Of participants with renal comorbidity, 50% had Charlson Comorbidity Index scores of ≥ 5, versus 18% of participants without renal comorbidity. Treatment success was achieved by 66% (65/98) and 77% (235/304) of participants with and without renal comorbidity, respectively. TEAEs occurred in 71% (n=70) of participants with renal comorbidity and 64% (n=194) of participants without renal comorbidity. In both groups, most TEAEs were moderate in severity and related to preexisting conditions. Serious TEAEs were reported by 16% (n=16) and 8% (n=24) of participants with and without renal comorbidity, respectively. The most commonly reported serious TEAE was CDI recurrence, occurring in 3.1% (n=3) and 1.6% (n=5) of participants with and without renal comorbidity, respectively. Conclusion RBL treatment success and TEAE incidence were numerically comparable for those with and without renal comorbidity. Disclosures Monika Fischer, MD, Ferring Pharmaceuticals Inc.: Advisor/Consultant|Rebiotix Inc., a Ferring Company: Board Member|Seres Pharmaceuticals: Advisor/Consultant Joan Thul, BA, Ferring Pharmaceuticals Inc.: Employee Beth Guthmueller, AS, Rebiotix Inc., a Ferring Company: Employee Christian Sandrock, MD, Allergan: Advisor/Consultant|National Institutes of Health: Grant/Research Support|Shionogi: Advisor/Consultant|The Health Resources & Services Administration: Grant/Research Support Nicholas Van Hise, PharmD, Ferring Pharmaceuticals Inc.: Advisor/Consultant|Ferring Pharmaceuticals Inc.: investigator Glenn S. Tillotson, PhD, Dynavax: Advisor/Consultant|Ferring Pharmaceuticals: Advisor/Consultant|Peggy Lillis Foundation: Honoraria|Spero Therapeutics: Advisor/Consultant

Abstract 3565: Establishing a multimodal data warehousing platform to accelerate discoveries in pediatric brain tumors for the Children’s Brain Tumor Network

Abstract Brain tumors are the leading cause of disease-related death in children and young adults ages 0-19 in largely populated countries such as the United States. In one year alone, 4,000 children and young adults will be diagnosed with a brain or central nervous system tumor in the United States. Brain tumors are complex and difficult to treat in growing children, with current treatments oftentimes causing significant and lifelong side effects. Furthermore, there have only been five drugs in the last 20 years approved by the FDA to treat pediatric brain tumors. Founded in 2011, the Children’s Brain Tumor Network (CBTN) is focused on accelerating the pace of translational research, the discovery of new treatments, and informing precision medicine for children diagnosed with brain tumors. CBTN comprises 32 member institutions/hospitals having over 4700 patient subjects enrolled, spanning 30+ brain tumor diagnoses, over 66,000 biobanked samples and 150 preclinical models. Longitudinal clinical data is also collected for every subject that is enrolled in the observational protocol. Through large scale data generation efforts funded by the NCI and foundational support, CBTN has whole genome, RNA-seq and other molecular characterization for over half of the enrolled patient population. Additionally, efforts have been underway to collect all pathology and radiology imaging and reporting for the subjects. With sequencing being done by multiple vendors, imaging protocols being different across multiple hospitals, and complex clinical treatment and longitudinal follow up data being translated from EHR systems, CBTN has created a rich, but complex, data landscape that is the largest of its kind in the world. In order to accelerate the process of going from data to cures, the data needs to be centralized, organized, and easily distributable. To do this, CBTN has built a first of its kind data workflow that acts as the inventory system for its various data assets. Using a modern data stack including dbt, PostgresSQL, Meltano and AWS, combined with utilization of FHIR as an interchange standard, data from multiple disparate sources such as REDcap, EHR systems, and PAC systems flow in near “real-time” to be utilized as integrated data resources The result of this modern, multimodal, and multi-institutional warehouse allows CBTN to distribute data quickly and accurately to translational researchers around the world and contribute data to key research efforts such as AACR Project Genie, Kids First Data Resource Center, NCI Childhood Cancer Data Initiative, and the NCI’s Open Targets Platform. Citation Format: Bailey K. Farrow, Nicholas Van Kuren, Nathan Young, Christopher Friedman, Meen Chul Kim, Alex Lubneuski, Jennifer Mason, Thinh (Bin) Nguyen, Zeinab Helili, Elizabeth Frenkel, Catherine Sullivan, Ariana Familiar, Yuankun Zhu, Mateusz Koptyra, Tatiana Patton, Jena Lilly, Phillip B. Storm, Adam Resnick, Allison P. Heath. Establishing a multimodal data warehousing platform to accelerate discoveries in pediatric brain tumors for the Children’s Brain Tumor Network. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 3565.

Smugglers, pirates, diplomacy, and the Spanish Caribbean in the late seventeenth century

ABSTRACT In November 1682 the Dutch pirate Nicholas Van Hoorn entered the port of Santo Domingo. He left behind a path of robberies in Spain and attacks on ships of every nationality in West Africa for which English and Dutch authorities sought to prosecute him. The events that transpired during Van Hoorn's visit to Hispaniola reveal that European diplomatic alliances meant little in places where local groups had co-opted the Spanish bureaucracy under their own control and patronage. Local interests used their political influence to maneuver the Spanish administration and to serve their own goals, thus upending Spanish (and by extension, European) diplomatic arrangements. The sack of Veracruz in 1683 was in part the consequence of these actions, showing a worst-case scenario of the impact that events in the Spanish Caribbean borderlands had on the functioning of imperial systems. This article thus seeks to encourage a reevaluation of the relevance of Spanish Caribbean in the functioning of the Spanish colonial system beyond their traditional categorization as marginal enclaves.

ПОНЯТТЯ «ДІАСПОРА» У НАУКОВИХ РОЗРОБКАХ ЗАРУБІЖНИХ ВЧЕНИХ: ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ІНТЕРПРЕТАЦІЙ ТА ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ

The author of the article shows that the term «Diaspora» is often found in foreign scientific circulation. Scientists are gradually introducing new understandings and meanings into the content of the concept of «Diaspora». The definition of «Diaspora» is based on various criteria and characteristics - ethnic, religious, economic, political, etc. And although this word was used in the distant past, however, fundamental developments regarding the concept of «Diaspora» appeared relatively long ago. In the 90s of the twentieth century, a large number of different definitions and typologies of diasporas were proposed, even a new discipline was formed – Diaspora studies. It was during this period that the use of terms such as «Diaspora» and «transnationalism» increased. The author emphasizes the importance of research by such foreign scientists as John A. Armstrong, Rogers Brubaker, Michel Bruneau, Nicholas Van Hear, Milton J. Esman, James Clifford, Robin Cohen, Alain Medam, William Safran, Valeriy Tishkov, Thomas Faist, Gabriel Sheffer. Analyzes the well-known works of these authors regarding the definition of the concept of «Diaspora» and its types. Draws attention to the fact that diasporas today are not only historically formed communities that live outside the country of origin and adhere to ethnocultural traditions. These are certain forces of influence on the authorities of the country of residence and a political instrument in the international arena. The development of modern technologies, expanded access to cyberspace has also affected the functioning of the diasporas. These changes were reflected in new terms – «e-diasporas», «net-diasporas», «web-diasporas», «Onlinediasporas», «digital diasporas». Proves the need for a clear definition of the concept of «Diaspora», because the process of Diaspora takes on new forms and the influence of diasporas is increasing both in the countries of residence and in the countries of origin. The lack of a definition of the specified period directs scientists to further study the problem.

Abstract PR-007: Single-nucleus and spatial transcriptomics of archival pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma reveals multi-compartment reprogramming after neoadjuvant treatment

Abstract Molecular subtyping of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains in its nascent stages and does not currently inform clinical management or therapeutic development. Previously identified bulk expression subtypes in the untreated setting were influenced by contaminating stroma whereas single cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) of fresh tumors under-represented key cell types. Two consensus subtypes have arisen from these prior efforts: (1) classical-pancreatic, encompassing a spectrum of pancreatic lineage precursors, and (2) basal-like/squamous/quasi-mesenchymal, characterized by loss of endodermal identity and aberrations in chromatin modifiers. Basal-like tumors were associated with poorer responses to chemotherapy and worse survival in the metastatic setting but attempts to refine this binary classification have failed to further stratify patient survival. Recent clinical trials have supported the increasing adoption of neoadjuvant therapy to aggressively address the risk of micro-metastatic spread and to circumvent concerns of treatment tolerance in the postoperative setting. There is an urgent need to understand how preoperative treatment reprograms residual tumor cells to identify additional therapeutic vulnerabilities that can be exploited in combination with neoadjuvant CRT. Here, we developed a robust single-nucleus RNA-seq (snRNA-seq) technique for frozen archival PDAC specimens and used it to study both untreated tumors (n = 15) and those that received neoadjuvant CRT (n = 11). Gene expression programs learned across malignant cell and fibroblast profiles uncovered a clinically relevant molecular taxonomy with improved prognostic stratification (median survival: 11.2 months in highest risk group to 44.7 months in lowest risk group) compared to prior classifications. Moreover, in the neoadjuvant treatment context, there was lower expression of classical-like phenotypes in malignant cells in favor of basal-like phenotypes associated with TNF-NFkB and interferon signaling as well as the presence of novel acinar and neuroendocrine classical-like states, which may be more resilient to cytotoxic treatment. These results suggest that differentiated endodermal phenotypes are only prevalent enough to be detected under treatment selection pressure and when observed in treatment-naïve bulk studies, may reflect normal cell contamination. Spatially-resolved transcriptomics revealed an association between malignant cells expressing basal-like programs and higher immune infiltration with increased lymphocytic content, whereas those exhibiting classical-like programs were linked to sparser macrophage-predominant microniches, perhaps pointing to distinct therapeutic susceptibilities. Our refined molecular taxonomy and spatial resolution may help advance precision oncology in PDAC through informative stratification in clinical trials and insights into differential therapeutic targeting leveraging the immune system. Citation Format: William L. Hwang, Karthik A. Jagadeesh, Jimmy A. Guo, Hannah I. Hoffman, Eugene Drokhlyansky, Nicholas Van Wittenberghe, Samouil Farhi, Denis Schapiro, Jason Reeves, Daniel R. Zollinger, George Eng, Jason M. Schenkel, William A. Freed-Pastor, Clifton Rodrigues, Domenic Abbondanza, Debora Ciprani, Jennifer Y. Wo, Theodore S. Hong, Andrew J. Aguirre, Orit Rozenblatt-Rosen, Mari Mino-Kenudson, Carlos Fernandez-del Castillo, Andrew S. Liss, Tyler E. Jacks, Aviv Regev. Single-nucleus and spatial transcriptomics of archival pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma reveals multi-compartment reprogramming after neoadjuvant treatment [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Special Conference on Pancreatic Cancer; 2020 Sep 29-30. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(22 Suppl):Abstract nr PR-007.

Refugia: Radical Solutions to Mass Displacement. Edited by Nicholas van Hear and Robin Cohen

Refugia provides a pragmatic utopian vision as a solution to end mass displacement for refugees and all forms of displaced people. The book suggests a design of a polity that is transnational in its entity and formation, with Refugians (citizens of Refugia) seen as creative agents who are imagining and co-building their own kind of polis. The book references the mainstream academic views of refugee and displacement politics, identity, and home-making practices as the authors frame their perspective on Refugia. With backgrounds in development studies, both authors have extensive research experience in forced migration. Refugia covers a wide range of research examples (historic and current) and practices from anthropological research, design, architecture, and planning that support and confirm the authors’ own thinking process regarding the need for unique, alternative, and novel ways of approaching the challenge of mass displacement. The book begins with an overview of Refugia 2030 (with a misspelled/grammatically wrong Arabic date) that explains the governance, economy, and overall character of this utopian vision.

Abstract A22: Molecular subtypes and resistance programs in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma elucidated with single-nucleus RNA-seq

Abstract Objective: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains a treatment-refractory disease as existing molecular subtypes are insufficient and do not currently inform clinical decisions. Rare cell types, including those responsible for resistance, are difficult to detect with bulk transcriptomic profiling. Indeed, several previously identified transcriptomic subtypes of PDAC are unintentionally driven by “contaminating” stromal components. Single-cell transcriptomics provides an unprecedented degree of resolution into the properties of individual cells. However, RNA extraction from RNase- and stroma-rich pancreatic tissue is difficult and prior single-cell efforts have been limited by suboptimal dissociation/RNA quality. We developed a robust single-nucleus RNA-seq (sNuc-seq) technique compatible with frozen archival PDAC specimens and computational techniques to identify the transcriptomic programs driving tumor subtypes and therapeutic resistance. Methods: Patients with localized PDAC undergoing surgical resection with or without neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy were consented for this IRB-approved study. Specimens were screened for RNA Integrity Number >6. Single nuclei suspensions were extracted from flash-frozen primary PDAC specimens and organoids. Approximately 8,000 nuclei were loaded on the 10x Genomics Chromium platform per sample to generate and sequence 3’ gene expression libraries (Illumina HiSeq 2500, 125 bp paired-end reads). sNuc-seq derived reads were processed using the 10X CellRanger v3.0.2 pipeline. Unsupervised clustering was utilized to identify different cell populations and known marker genes from literature were used to label cell types. Results: Both treatment-naïve (n=12) and treatment-resistant (n=11) specimens yielded high-quality sNuc-seq data (>1,000 nuclei per sample, >1,000 median genes per nucleus). In each tumor, distinct clusters with gene expression profiles consistent with ductal, fibroblast, endothelial, endocrine, lymphocyte, and myeloid cell populations were identified. Malignant cells were confirmed by inferred copy number variation analysis (InferCNV v3.9) and segregated into several distinct clusters for each individual patient highlighting intratumoral heterogeneity. While some malignant clusters corresponded to previously identified basal-squamous and classical-progenitor bulk subtypes, others featured expression profiles distinct from known subtypes, including cells with upregulation of hypoxia-associated or cytoskeletal genes. Conclusions: Applying sNuc-seq to treatment-naïve and pretreated PDAC specimens, we uncovered significant intratumoral heterogeneity in the malignant and stromal compartments and identified malignant cells featuring transcriptomic programs that do not fit previously identified bulk subtypes. Characterization of therapeutic resistance programs, spatial relationships among cell types, and association with clinical outcomes is ongoing. Citation Format: William L. Hwang, Karthik A. Jagadeesh, Orr Ashenberg, Eugene Drokhlyansky, George Eng, Nicholas Van Wittenberghe, William Freed-Pastor, Clifton Rodriguez, Danielle Dionne, Julia Waldman, Michael Cuoco, Alexander Tsankov, Connor Lambden, Caroline Porter, Jason Schenkel, Laurens Lambert, Debora Ciprani, Andrew J. Aguirre, Mari Mino-Kenudson, Theodore S. Hong, Orit Rozenblatt-Rosen, Carlos Fernandez-del Castillo, Andrew S. Liss, Aviv Regev, Tyler E. Jacks. Molecular subtypes and resistance programs in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma elucidated with single-nucleus RNA-seq [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Pancreatic Cancer: Advances in Science and Clinical Care; 2019 Sept 6-9; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(24 Suppl):Abstract nr A22.

Refugia Roundtable

Imagining Refugia: Thinking Outside the Current Refugee Regime, Nicholas Van HearRefugia: A Place Where Refugees Survive, But Do Not Thrive, Veronique Barbelet and Christina BennettBeware of Social Engineering: A Response to “Refugia” by Nicholas Van Hear, Helma LutzRefugia: Pragmatic Utopianism, Nicholas Van Hear

Refugia Roundtable

Imagining Refugia: Thinking Outside the Current Refugee Regime, Nicholas Van HearRefugia: A Place Where Refugees Survive, But Do Not Thrive, Veronique Barbelet and Christina BennettBeware of Social Engineering: A Response to “Refugia” by Nicholas Van Hear, Helma LutzRefugia: Pragmatic Utopianism, Nicholas Van Hear

Sin and Salvation in Early Modern France: Three Women’s Stories. Marguerite D’Auge, Renée Burlamacchi, and Jeanne Du Laurens. Colette H. Winn, ed. Nicholas Van Handel and Colette H. Winn, trans.

<i>Sin and Salvation in Early Modern France: Three Women’s Stories</i>. Marguerite D’Auge, Renée Burlamacchi, and Jeanne Du Laurens. Colette H. Winn, ed. Nicholas Van Handel and Colette H. Winn, trans.

Sin and Salvation in Early Modern France: Three Women’s Stories. Marguerite d’Auge, Renée Burlamacchi, and Jeanne du Laurens. Ed. Colette H. Winn. Trans. Nicholas Van Handel and Colette H. Winn. The Other Voice in Early Modern Europe: The Toronto Series 53; Medieval and Renaissance Texts and Studies 515. Toronto: Iter Press; Tempe: Arizona Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies, 2017.

Sin and Salvation in Early Modern France: Three Women’s Stories. Marguerite d’Auge, Renée Burlamacchi, and Jeanne du Laurens. Ed. Colette H. Winn. Trans. Nicholas Van Handel and Colette H. Winn. The Other Voice in Early Modern Europe: The Toronto Series 53; Medieval and Renaissance Texts and Studies 515. Toronto: Iter Press; Tempe: Arizona Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies, 2017.

Sin and Salvation in Early Modern France: Three Women's Stories by Marguerite d'Auge, Renée Burlamacchi

Reviewed by: Sin and Salvation in Early Modern France: Three Women's Stories by Marguerite d'Auge, Renée Burlamacchi Jane Couchman SIN AND SALVATION IN EARLY MODERN FRANCE: THREE WOMEN'S STORIES, by Marguerite d'Auge, Renée Burlamacchi, and Jeanne du Laurens. Edited by Colette H. Winn. Translated from French by Nicholas van Handel and Colette H. Winn. The Other Voice in Early Modern Europe: The Toronto Series. Toronto: Iter Press and Arizona Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies, 2017. 97 pp. $34.95 paper. Sin and Salvation in Early Modern France: Three Women's Stories, translated by Nicholas van Handel and Colette H. Winn, is a welcome addition to The Other Voice in Early Modern Europe series, offering vivid glimpses of the lives of three very different women of the merchant and professional classes in early modern France. While sin and salvation are indeed important themes, the texts are particularly valuable for the insights they offer into early modern families and the roles of women therein. Renée Burlamacchi's Memoirs Concerning Her Father's Family (1623) and Jeanne du Laurens's The Genealogy of the du Laurens (1631) are nicely matched accounts by proud daughters of their birth families. Burlamacchi's family were Protestants from Lucca, Italy, and her Memoirs Concerning Her Father's Family recount their journey, led by her father Michele, into exile in France and from one refuge to another (Paris, Montargis, Sedan) to escape persecution. They eventually arrived in Geneva, where they joined a community of Italian Protestant exiles. Jeanne du Laurens's family were Catholic, based in Arles, France. Laurens's story centers on the valiant and remarkably successful efforts of her widowed mother, Louise, to arrange for the proper education and placement of her many children, especially her sons. In both accounts, God plays a central role. For Burlamacchi, a Calvinist, hardships were signs that God was testing the elect, and triumphs revealed that God's grace was upholding them, even when using Catholics such as the Duke de Guise to ensure their safety. For the Catholic Laurens, faith in God was accompanied by the use of God-given talents to achieve success. Laurens and her mother were proud that four of her nine brothers became either priests or monks. Both Burlamacchi's and Laurens's works remained in manuscript, appropriately since they were intended as memorials and advice for their immediate families. Marguerite d'Auge's Pitiful and Macabre Regrets (1600) is the anomaly here. Like the other two, it focuses on a family but, in this case, a fatally dysfunctional one. Published as a broadsheet, Pitiful and Macabre Regrets claims to report the words of repentance spoken by d'Auge, a notorious adulteress who plotted with her lover to murder her husband and was condemned to death. The case was infamous, with court records and another account also available, and the broadsheet is clearly written to [End Page 197] sell to a public eager for a vivid account of violence and passion. It is not actually clear whose voice is recorded in the broadsheet; are the words really d'Auge's or are they attributed to her by an anonymous male author? Much of the rhetoric echoes attacks on women surrounding the querelle des femmes (the woman question). The image of d'Auge, as Winn points out, reflects contemporary depictions of the penitent harlot. The lady does indeed protest too much and in too much gory detail, urging other young women to eschew her example. Yet the language of Pitiful and Macabre Regrets does echo d'Auge's own plea as recorded in her trial account, a plea no doubt crafted to win the pity of her judges. All three texts are translated from recent editions of the originals.1 For d'Auge and Laurens, there exists only one original version. For Burlamacchi, the choice of a base text is more complicated. Two manuscripts written in Italian by the author survive, as well as three translations into French. Van Handel and Winn have chosen one of the French translations as their base text rather than one of the original Italian ones; the reasons for this choice and the...

Disclosure of HIV Status to Social Networks Is Strongly Associated with Increased Retention Among an Urban Cohort in New Orleans

AIDS Patient Care and STDsVol. 27, No. 7 Letter to the EditorDisclosure of HIV Status to Social Networks Is Strongly Associated with Increased Retention Among an Urban Cohort in New OrleansJason Halperin, Ishani Pathmanathan, and Lauren E. RicheyJason HalperinDepartment of Internal Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana.Search for more papers by this author, Ishani PathmanathanDepartment of Internal Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana.Search for more papers by this author, and Lauren E. RicheySection of Infectious Diseases, Tulane University Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana.Search for more papers by this authorPublished Online:5 Jul 2013https://doi.org/10.1089/apc.2013.0037AboutSectionsView articleView Full TextPDF/EPUB Permissions & CitationsPermissionsDownload CitationsTrack CitationsAdd to favorites Back To Publication ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail View articleFiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited byFactors Associated with HIV Disclosure Status Among iENGAGE Cohort of New to HIV Care Patients Riddhi A. Modi, Gerald L. McGwin, James H. Willig, Andrew O. Westfall, Russell L. Griffin, Rivet Amico, Kimberly D. Martin, James L. Raper, Jeanne C. Keruly, Carol E. Golin, Anne Zinski, Sonia Napravnik, Heidi M. Crane, and Michael J. Mugavero8 May 2020 | AIDS Patient Care and STDs, Vol. 34, No. 5Variation in Networks and Forms of Support for Care-Seeking Across the HIV Care Continuum in the Rural Southeastern United States14 March 2017 | The Journal of Rural Health, Vol. 34, No. 1Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial of Acceptance-Based Behavior Therapy to Promote HIV Acceptance, HIV Disclosure, and Retention in Medical Care27 April 2017 | AIDS and Behavior, Vol. 21, No. 9Self-disclosure of HIV status, disclosure counseling, and retention in HIV care in Cameroon26 December 2016 | AIDS Care, Vol. 29, No. 7HIV status disclosure, facility-based delivery and postpartum retention of mothers in a prevention clinical trial in rural Nigeria14 July 2017 | International Health, Vol. 9, No. 4Achieving pregnancy safely for HIV-serodiscordant couples: a social ecological approach20 February 2017 | Journal of the International AIDS Society, Vol. 20, No. 0HIV Serostatus Disclosure and Engagement in Medical Care Among Predominantly Low Income but Insured African American Adults with HIV26 July 2016 | AIDS and Behavior, Vol. 21, No. 1Partner Disclosure and Early CD4 Response among HIV-Infected Adults Initiating Antiretroviral Treatment in Nairobi Kenya6 October 2016 | PLOS ONE, Vol. 11, No. 10A risk score to identify HIV-infected women most likely to become lost to follow-up in the postpartum period17 February 2016 | AIDS Care, Vol. 28, No. 8Factors Associated with Non-disclosure of HIV Status in a Cohort of Childbearing HIV-Positive Women in Ukraine9 June 2015 | AIDS and Behavior, Vol. 20, No. 1The Role of Early HIV Status Disclosure in Retention in HIV Care Latesha Elopre, Edward W. Hook, Andrew O. Westfall, Anne Zinski, Michael J. Mugavero, Janet Turan, and Nicholas Van Wagoner15 December 2015 | AIDS Patient Care and STDs, Vol. 29, No. 12Facilitators of HIV Medical Care Engagement Among Former PrisonersAIDS Education and Prevention, Vol. 27, No. 6Open Trial of an Acceptance-Based Behavior Therapy Intervention to Engage Newly Diagnosed HIV Patients in Care25 June 2015 | Behavior Modification, Vol. 39, No. 5Patient Perspectives on Leaving, Disengaging, and Returning to HIV Care Victoria C. Gill and Hartmut B. Krentz26 June 2015 | AIDS Patient Care and STDs, Vol. 29, No. 7Examining the Role of Serostatus Disclosure on Unprotected Sex Among People Living with HIV Sarahmona Przybyla, Carol Golin, Laura Widman, Catherine Grodensky, Jo Anne Earp, and Chirayath Suchindran2 December 2014 | AIDS Patient Care and STDs, Vol. 28, No. 12 Volume 27Issue 7Jul 2013 InformationCopyright 2013, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.To cite this article:Jason Halperin, Ishani Pathmanathan, and Lauren E. Richey.Disclosure of HIV Status to Social Networks Is Strongly Associated with Increased Retention Among an Urban Cohort in New Orleans.AIDS Patient Care and STDs.Jul 2013.375-377.http://doi.org/10.1089/apc.2013.0037Published in Volume: 27 Issue 7: July 5, 2013Online Ahead of Print:June 22, 2013PDF download

Catching Fire: Containing Complex Displacement in a Volatile World. Edited by Nicholas Van Hear and Chris McDowell. * The Uprooted: Improving Humanitarian Responses to Forced Migration. By Susan F. Martin, Patricia Weiss Fagen, Kari M. Jorgensen, Andrew Schoenholtz and Lydia Mann-Bondat.

Catching Fire: Containing Complex Displacement in a Volatile World. Edited by Nicholas Van Hear and Chris McDowell. * The Uprooted: Improving Humanitarian Responses to Forced Migration. By Susan F. Martin, Patricia Weiss Fagen, Kari M. Jorgensen, Andrew Schoenholtz and Lydia Mann-Bondat.

Carl Meinhof and the German influence on Nicholas van Warmelo's ethnological and linguistic writing, 1927–1935*

The influence of German linguist Carl Meinhof on the work of his student, Nicholas van Warmelo, was substantial and has been underexplored. They met in the 1920s, when van Warmelo went to the University of Hamburg to study under Meinhof, and was essentially ‘groomed’ to join his faculty of African and Pacific Languages. Van Warmelo never did work in Hamburg and instead returned to South Africa, where he became Government Ethnologist in 1930. Even so, Meinhof and van Warmelo remained close, and from the late 1920s collaborated on the English translation of Meinhof's magnum opus, Grundriss einer Lautlehre der Bantusprachen (Introduction to the Phonology of the Bantu Languages). This book, which in its English translation offered phonetic descriptions of six Bantu languages considered important to British and South African colonialists, was completed only shortly before the appearance of van Warmelo's Preliminary Survey of the Bantu Tribes of South Africa. I will demonstrate that the influence of the Grundriss and other texts by Meinhof was evident in the Survey as well as in certain of van Warmelo's other ethnological writings. Moreover, the classification of African languages and ‘tribes’ as carried out by Meinhof and van Warmelo was very political; in van Warmelo's case, fixing ‘tribal’ ethnicity provided order to what, for whites, may have appeared a jumbled mass of peoples whose relationships to one another were not immediately discernible. This was perhaps significant in an era when issues of detribalisation and urbanisation were of increasing concern to white South Africans. The certainty of van Warmelo's ethnic constructions, even if these were still not entirely worked out, may have suggested a direction for resolving these perceived crises. Further, Meinhof's impact on van Warmelo points to a need to examine more fully the role of German philology and anthropology in shaping South African anthropology in general and Afrikaner volkekunde in particular.

Why Does Democracy Have to Do with It? van de Walle on Democracy and Economic Growth in Africa

This article reviews Nicholas van de Walle's discussion of the relationship between democracy and economic development in Africa. It puts forward three main arguments. First, it discusses how the relationship between democracy and economic development is affected by patrimonialism. Against van de Walle, Eriksen argues that patrimonialism is a system fundamentally based on redistribution, and that there is no prima facie reason to assume that the introduction of democracy will change the amount of distributional pressures. Second, it discusses the role of foreign donors. Eriksen accepts van de Walle's point that donors have not directed more aid to democracies than to non-democracies, but argues that while this is true, it is less significant for democracy than donors' concern with structural adjustment programmes. Finally, some key features of ‘the developmental state’, or the kind of state required to promote economic development, are identified.

The Beggar's Opera and opéra-comique en vaudevilles

J OHN Gay created ballad opera with The Beggar's pera of 1728 by capitalizing on the richness of traditional song in the British Isles, just as Alain Lesage had a few years earlier seized on popular French songs when creating a new kind of satirical comedy-opera-comique. The French genre had a perilous gestation, but once born it turned out to be a resilient child.' Buffeted by royal privileges that granted spoken drama to the Comedie Frangaise, sung drama to the Opera, and commedia dell'arte to the The*ttre Italien, opera-comique survived only by paying fees to one or more of the three royal companies. A product of the humble suburban theatres associated with the seasonal trade fairs of Saint Germain and Saint Laurent, opera-comique was by nature a popular spectacle. Nicholas van Blarenberghe captured the hurly-burly of the winter fair at Saint Germain in a miniature painting of 1763 (illus.1), showing actors enticing the crowd to enter their theatre. Above the door on a platform struts a

Book Reviews

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