Ni NP Research Articles

Amine-Functionalized SBA-15 Mesoporous Silica-Anchored Ni Nanocatalyst for CO2 Hydrogenation Reaction

Abstract: In this study, we successfully synthesized amine-functionalized SBA-15 mesoporous silicasupported Nickel nanoparticles (Ni NPs) and investigated their potential for CO2 transition to formic acid via high-pressure hydrogenation reaction. The metal-support interface between the Ni NPs and the amine-functionalized SBA-15 mesoporous silica was examined using various techniques, including BET, TEM, and XPS analyses. Our findings reveal a robust metal-support interaction between the NiNPs and the mesoporous silica substrate, highlighting the suitability of the catalyst for the CO2 conversion reaction. Additionally, the catalyst CAT$Ni-1 exhibited good catalytic activity over CAT$Ni-2 and CAT$Ni-3, and we were able to recycle them up to five runs with no significant reduction in catalytic activity. These results suggest that the synthesized Ni NP catalysts have the potential for large-scale CO2 conversion, contributing to the development of sustainable technologies for reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

Sintering Rate of Nickel Nanoparticles by Molecular Dynamics

Nickel nanoparticles (Ni NPs) are widely used in batteries, catalysts, and filters. Properties of Ni NPs strongly depend on their crystal structure and morphology quantified by the state (i.e., solid, transient, or liquid phase) of primary particles (PPs), hard agglomerate (aggregate), and PP size. The growth rate of PPs during gas-phase synthesis is determined by their characteristic sintering time (τs) that is sensitive to temperature, the state, and size of PPs. Here, the crystallinity and sintering of Ni NP dimers (2 nm ≤ dp ≤ 5 nm) between 1000 and 1600 K are investigated by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations using the embedded-atom method (EAM) force field. It is shown that at low temperatures (T ≤ 1400 K) and for large PPs (dp ≥ 4 nm), diffusion of atoms in PPs controls solid-state sintering. However, PP crystallinity quantified by the disorder variable indicates that with increasing temperature or decreasing PP size, atoms become increasingly mobile and disordered starting from the surface of the PPs until the Ni NPs become fully melted and viscous flow sintering becomes dominant. A general formula for the τs of Ni NPs is proposed that is valid for all particle states, and its performance is benchmarked by predicting the evolution of the morphology of Ni agglomerate quantified by its mobility and PP diameters during gas-phase sintering in a flow reactor.

Effect of Ni NP morphology on catalyst performance in non-thermal plasma-assisted dry reforming of methane

Supported nickel nanoparticle catalysts, with differing nickel morphologies, were studied in the non-thermal-plasma-promoted dry reforming of methane. Catalysts with nickel particles containing a greater ratio of (111) lattice planes and surface structures in the nanoscale, i.e. dendritic and flake-like particles, showed higher conversions and yields (CH4 conversions of 65 % and 22 % and CO2 conversions of 43 % and 33 % respectively with H2 yields of 42 % and 34 % and CO yields of 31 % and 24 % respectively) than spherical analogues which had conversions of 26 % (CH4) and 16 % (CO2) and yields of 21 % (H2) and 11 % (CO). This is thought to be related to the favourability of (111) faces for CH4 dissociation and the potential for the formation of micro-discharges around their small surface features. All materials tested showed higher CH4 conversion and H2 production when compared with reactions carried out in the absence of a catalyst. The latter reactions showed a greater extent of competing side reactions, resulting in lower conversions and yields.

Ligand-free reductive coupling of aldehydes with 1,3-dienes using a sulfur-modified Au-supported nickel nanoparticle catalyst

Regio- and stereoselective homoallylation reaction of aldehydes with 1,3-dienes using a Ni NP catalyst to afford homoallylated alcohols.

Ni(Np#)(η5-Cp)Cl]: Flexible, Sterically Bulky, Well-Defined, Highly Reactive Complex for Nickel-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling.

Ni-NHCs (NHC = N-heterocyclic carbene) have become an increasingly important class of complexes in catalysis and organometallic chemistry owing to the beneficial features of nickel as an abundant 3d metal. However, the development of well-defined and air-stable Ni-NHC complexes for cross-coupling has been more challenging than with Pd-NHC catalysis because of less defined reactivity trends of NHC ancillary ligands coordinated to Ni. Herein, we report the synthesis and catalytic activity of well-defined [Ni(NHC)(η5-Cp)Cl] complexes bearing recently commercialized IPr# family of ligands (Sigma Aldrich) and versatile cyclopentadienyl throw-away ligand. The NHC ligands, IPr#, Np# and BIAN-IPr#, are prepared by robust and modular peralkylation of anilines. Most crucially, we identified [Ni(Np#)(η5-Cp)Cl] as a highly reactive [Ni(NHC)(η5-Cp)Cl] complex, with the reactivity outperforming the classical [Ni(IPr)(η5-Cp)Cl] (IPr = 1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene). These [Ni(NHC)(η5-Cp)Cl] precatalysts were employed in the Suzuki and Kumada cross-coupling of aryl chlorides and aryl bromides. Computational studies were conducted to determine steric effect and bond order analysis. Considering the attractive features of well-defined Ni-NHCs, we anticipate that this class of bulky and flexible Ni-NHC catalysts will find broad application in organic synthesis and catalysis.

Compare Performance MWCNT-OH Network as a Gas Sensor of Embedded Nanoparticles when Exposed (NH3, NO2) Gases

This study is about gas sensor preparation of hydroxyl functionalized multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs-OH) network use filtration from suspension (FFS) method. Improve the properties of the sensor use embedded nanoparticles (PANI, Pt-CNT active, Ni). the gas sensor good responce toward Exposure (NH3, NO2) gases at room temperature and at low concentration (1ppm). The sensor was more responsive when exposure to NO2 gas because it is an oxidizing gas(corroded), When exposure NH3 gas for concentration (1ppm ) and embedded Ni NP the sensitivity value (3.41, 3.49, 9.7 and 5.4) % at the temperatures (RT, 50, 100 and 150 ) C˚. The recovery time was decreases at (150)C˚ as it was (5.4)sec , the factors to improve the properties of the sensor was increase temperature and embedded NPs.

Ni and Fe nanoparticles, alloy and Ni/Fe-Nx coordination co-boost the catalytic activity of the carbon-based catalyst for triiodide reduction and hydrogen evolution reaction

The design of high-performance early transition metal decorated carbon-based multiple active-site catalysts is of high significance for improving the efficiency of energy utilization. Highly dispersed Fe7Ni3 alloy, Ni and Fe metal nanoparticles and 1D carbon nanotubes (CNTs) decorated metal-nitrogen species (Me-Nx) anchored carbon-based catalysts (Ni NP|Ni-NDC, Fe NP|Fe-NDC, Fe7Ni3|Ni/Fe-NDC) are prepared by a facile in-situ chemical synthesis. As-prepared three nanohybrid catalysts exhibit exceptional catalytic ability and stability for the alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and triiodide reduction reaction (IRR). The power conversion efficiency of the dye-sensitized solar cell with the Fe7Ni3|Ni/Fe-NDC counter electrode catalyst reaches 8.58%. The overpotential and corresponding Tafel slope of electrocatalytic water splitting with Fe7Ni3|Ni/Fe-NDC catalyst exhibit 129 mV and 68 mV dec−1 at the current density of 10 mA cm−2 in alkaline solution, respectively. The enhanced catalytic performance of the as-designed hybrid catalysts can be attributed to the synergistic coupling effect of various components (the dispersed Fe7Ni3 alloy, Ni and Fe metal nanoparticles, Ni/Fe-Nx active sites and 1D CNTs) of the hybrid catalyst.

Carboxymethyl cellulose/metal (Fe, Cu and Ni) nanocomposites as non-precious inhibitors of C-steel corrosion in HCl solutions: synthesis, characterization, electrochemical and surface morphology studies

This study was aimed at improving the stability and protection capacity of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) by combining copper, iron and nickel nanoparticles (Cu NP, Fe Np and Ni NP) produced in situ through the deposition of various metal oxide nanoparticles into a CMC matrix. The fabricated CMC as well as CMC/Fe NP, CMC/Cu NP and CMC/Ni NP nanocomposites were characterized by field emission-scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, transmission electron microscope, selected area diffraction pattern and X-ray diffraction techniques. The investigations of electrochemical methods, such as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and potentiodynamic polarization (PDP), reinforced by surface morphology studies (FE-SEM, and FT-IR) were organized to explore the prepared materials’ protection abilities on a carbon steel electrode in 2 N of HCl. The highest protection power for the CMC as well as CMC/Fe NP, CMC/Cu NP and CMC/Ni NP composites at 400 mg L−1 were 76.6, 94.9, 96.2 and 98.4%, respectively. FE-SEM/EDX and FT-IR examinations confirmed that the prepared nanocomposites could successfully block an aggressive attack with Cl− via chemical adsorption on the steel, in accordance with the adsorption model of Langmuir. PDP data indicated that the nanocomposites could deliver superior corrosion protection and exhibited mixed-type inhibitors.

Simple coordination complex-derived Ni NP anchored N-doped porous carbons with high performance for reduction of nitroarenes

N-doped hierarchical porous carbons anchored with nickel nanoparticles were prepared by using the simple coordination complex Ni(dmg)2 as a precursor.

Investigation of Ni@CoO core-shell nanoparticle films synthesized by sequential layer deposition

Films of Ni@CoO core-shell nanoparticles (NP Ni core size d≈11nm) have been grown on Si/SiOx and lacey carbon supports, by a sequential layer deposition method: a first layer of CoO was evaporated on the substrate, followed by the deposition of a layer of pre-formed, mass-selected Ni NPs, and finally an overlayer of CoO was added. The Ni NPs were formed by a magnetron gas aggregation source, and mass selected with a quadrupole mass filter. The morphology of the films was investigated with Scanning Electron Microscopy and Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy. The Ni NP cores have a shape compatible with McKay icosahedron, caused by multitwinning occurring during their growth in the source, and the Ni NP layer shows the typical random paving growth mode. After the deposition of the CoO overlayer, CoO islands are observed, gradually extending and tending to merge with each other, with the formation of shells that enclose the Ni NP cores. In situ X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy showed that a few Ni atomic layers localized at the core-shell interface are oxidized, hinting at the possibility of creating an intermediate NiO shell between Ni and CoO, depending on the deposition conditions. Finally, X-ray Magnetic Circular Dichroism at the Ni L2,3 absorption edge showed the presence of magnetization at room temperature even at remanence, revealing the possibility of magnetic stabilization of the NP film.

Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Generation from Ni Nanoparticle Decorated CdS Nanosheets

High-quality, thickness-controlled CdS nanosheets (NSs) have been obtained through the thermal decomposition of cadmium diethyldithiocarbamate in octadecene. Ensembles with discrete thicknesses of 1.50, 1.80, and 2.16 nm have been made with corresponding lateral dimensions on the order of 90 nm × 20 nm. These latter values make the 1–3 nm NSs the largest 2D CdS specimens made to date using colloidal chemistry. Associated Ni nanoparticle decorated counterparts have been made through the photodeposition of Ni onto NSs with an average nanoparticle diameter of 6 nm. Subsequent photocatalytic hydrogen generation measurements have compared the performance of CdS NSs with that of their Ni NP decorated counterparts in water/ethanol mixtures. Apparent quantum yields as large as 25% have been seen for Ni NP decorated NSs with transient yields as large as 64% within the first 2 h of irradiation. Results from ensemble femtosecond transient differential absorption spectroscopy reveal that the origin of this high efficiency stems from efficient electron transfer from CdS to Ni. In this regard, the CdS/Ni semiconductor/metal heterojunction acts to dissociate strongly bound excitons in CdS NSs, creating free carriers needed to carry out relevant reduction chemistries.

Poly(ionic liquids) as “smart” stabilizers for metal nanoparticles

Poly(ionic liquids)(PILs) of the types poly(1-vinyl-3-alkyl imidazolium)X (where alkyl=ethyl, butyl & pentyl; X=Br− or OH−) are synthesized and used for the preparation of stable silver, gold and nickel nanoparticles in solution. Studies pertaining to the dispersion of metal NP stabilized by PILs are discussed. The role of PILs is prominent as carriers towards reversible “solubility switch” of synthesized metal nanoparticles between aqueous and organic media by simple anionic metathesis. These PIL stabilized nanoparticles show great stability for longer period without agglomeration. At another role of employed PIL is the ability to tune the size of the metal NP, depending on the length of alkyl chains of PIL. UV–Visible, SEM and TEM techniques are used for the characterization and morphological study. PIL stabilized Ag NP shows very good antimicrobial activity at lower concentrations against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Ag NP are used in the catalytic reduction of aromatic nitro compounds with NaBH4 and that of Ni NP for hydrogen transfer reduction of acetophenone in quantitative yields.

Nickel nanoparticle-induced dose-dependent cyto-genotoxicity in human breast carcinoma MCF-7 cells

Despite the widespread application of nickel nanoparticles (Ni NPs) in industrial, commercial, and biomedical fields, their response to human cells has not been clearly elucidated. In the study reported here, Ni NPs with a 28 nm diameter were used to study their interaction with human breast carcinoma (MCF-7) cells. Dose-dependent decreased cell viability and damaged cell membrane integrity showed the cytotoxic potential of the Ni NPs. We further found that Ni NPs induce oxidative stress in a dose-dependent manner, as evidenced by glutathione depletion and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Comet assay indicated the dose-dependent induction of DNA damage due to Ni NP exposure. The level of messenger RNA, as well as activity of caspase-3 enzyme, was higher in MCF-7 cells exposed to Ni NPs than in control cells. Moreover, we observed statistically significant correlations of ROS with cell viability (R2=0.984), DNA damage (% tail DNA) (R2=0.982), and caspase-3 enzyme activity (R2=0.991). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study on human breast cancer cells to have shown the cyto-genotoxicity of Ni NPs, which seems to be mediated through ROS.

Highly efficient and chemoselective transfer hydrogenation of nitroarenes at room temperature over magnetically separable Fe–Ni bimetallic nanoparticles

A highly chemoselective catalytic transfer hydrogenation (CTH) of nitroarenes to corresponding amino derivatives is achieved with Fe–Ni bimetallic nanoparticles (Fe–Ni NP's) as the catalyst and NaBH4 at room temperature. Their catalytic efficiency is ascribed to the presence of Ni sites on the bimetallic surface that not only hinder the surface corrosion of the iron sites but also facilitate efficient electron flow from the catalyst surface to the adsorbed nitro compounds. This facet is corroborated with reusability studies as well as surface characterization of the catalyst before and after its repetitive usage. Thus, these nanoparticles efficiently catalyze the reduction of functionalized nitroarenes to corresponding amines without use of corrosive agents like base or other additives under ambient conditions and are easily separated by a laboratory magnet in an eco-friendly manner.

Improved adsorptive mineralization capacity of Fe–Ni sandwiched montmorillonite nanocomposites towards magenta dye

To improve the adsorptive mineralization efficiency of Fe–Ni nanoparticles (Fe–Ni NP’s), we demonstrate a facile, rational and highly efficient approach by intercalating Fe–Ni NP’s onto montmorilonite (MMT). XRD analysis suggested formation of MMT-composites with Fe–Ni NP’s having spherical shape of 30–40nm size. Kinetics of basic magenta (BM) demonstrated it to be of pseudo-second order with 25% in-situ and 10% loaded nanocomposites exhibiting better adsorption tendency. The adsorption properties of BM are analyzed with isotherms like Redlich–Peterson, Dubinin–Radushkevich, Temkin and Flory–Huggins besides Langmuir and Freundlich for understanding the adsorption dynamics. Pseudo-multilayer exothermic chemisorption is predominant with significant amount of free energy change (ΔG°) involved in adsorption on the nanocomposite surface. Employing Webber–Morris and Boyd intra-particle diffusion models, it is observed that diffusion is within micro- and meso-pores that subsequently favors pore-diffusion controlled process. These features have significantly contributed towards successful utilization of these composites for continuous removal capabilities. From the adsorption capacity, kinetics and diffusion controlled characteristics; it is observed that in-situ formed Fe–Ni nanocomposites possess enhanced adsorption capacity towards BM remediation. Present work clearly demonstrates that tailor-made nanocomposites may exhibit potential applications towards continuous removal of organic pollutants from aqueous streams with high efficiency.

Comparison of nickel and/or zinc selenide nanoparticle loaded on activated carbon as efficient adsorbents for kinetic and equilibrium study of removal of Arsenazo (ΙΙΙ) dye

Abstract Nickel nanoparticles (Ni–NP) and zinc selenide nanoparticles (Zn–Se–NP) were synthesized and characterized. Synthesized Ni–NP and Zn–Se–NP were loaded on activated carbon and were successfully used for the removal of Arsenazo (III) dye from aqueous medium. Adsorbents were characterized using VSM, XRD and SEM analyses and reported well. The influence of various experimental parameters like initial pH, contact time, amount of adsorbents and initial dye concentration on its removal percentage was investigated. The experimental equilibrium data was fitted and evaluated by various adsorption isotherms like Langmuir, Freundlich, Tempkin and Dubinin–Radushkevich models. It was found that Langmuir isotherm model fitted well. The kinetic study was carried out by analyzing the time dependency kinetic data to various models. It was found that both adsorbents followed pseudo second order kinetics and intra-particle diffusion mechanism for Arsenazo (III) removal. Performance of Ni–NP–AC in dye adsorption was found to be better than that of Zn–Se–NP–AC. It was found that the maximum dye adsorption capacity of Ni–NP–AC was 168 mg g − 1 whereas, the extent of dye adsorption capacity was 162.74 mg g − 1 for Zn–Se–NP–AC.

Clinical research of the combination of vinorelbine and ifosfamide in the treatment of advanced breast cancer resistant to anthracycline and taxane

Objective To observe and compare efficacy and safety of vinorelbine (NVB) plus ifosfamide (IFO) (NI regimen) and NVB plus cisplatin(DDP) (NP regimen) in treatment of metastatic breast cancer.Methods 82 cases of recurrent and metastatic breast cancer after the failure of treatment with anthracyclines and taxanes,40 cases were treated with NI regimen (NVB 25 mg/m2,day 1,day 8,IFO 1.2 g/m2,day 1,day 2,day 3),and the other 42 cases received NP regimen (NVB 25 mg/m2,day 1,day 8,DDP 25 mg/m2,day 1,day 2,day 3).Both groups were constituted of 21 days one cycle.After 2 cycles of chemotherapy,the response rate and side effects were evaluated.Results All 82 cases were evaluated for objective response.The total response rate of NI group and NP group were 52.50 ％ (21/40) and 57.14 ％ (24/42).There was no significiant difference (P ＞ 0.05).By analysis of the correlative factors,the total response rate in treatment of triple-negative breast cancer of NI group was 43.75 ％ (7/16),and that of NP group was 44.44 ％ (8/18).The two rates were also approximative (P ＞ 0.05).Main side effects were both bonemarrow suppression and gastrointestinal reaction.Bonemarrow suppression rate at grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ of NI group [57.5 ％ (23/40)] had no significant difference compared with that of NP group[57.14 ％ (24/42)] (P ＞ 0.05).But grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ gastrointestinal rate of NI group [7.50 ％ (3/40)] was significantly lower than that of NP group [26.19％(11/42)](P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion NI regimen in treatment of advanced breast cancer is effective,and it shows a similar response rate compared with NP regimen.Also it is effective for triple negeative breast cancers.The toxicity can be tolerated,and the gastrointestinal reaction rate of NI regimen is lower.NI regimen is a good choose in treatment of advanced breast cancer. Key words: Breast neoplasms; Drug therapy, combination; Advanced stage

Graphene as a carbon source effects the nanometallurgy of nickel in Ni,Mn layered double hydroxide–graphene oxide composites

Thermal treatment of the hybrid material formed by the spontaneous precipitation of graphene oxide and Ni,Mn layered double hydroxide leads to the segregation of nickel metal nanoparticles (Ni NPs) and the decomposition of graphene to CO(2). Increasing the temperature increases the Ni NP size and results in the complete disappearance of graphene.

Toxic response of nickel nanoparticles in human lung epithelial A549 cells

Nickel nanoparticle (Ni NP) is increasingly used in modern industries such as catalysts, sensors and electronic applications. Due to wide-spread industrial applications the inhalation is the primary source of exposure to Ni NPs. However, data demonstrating the effect of Ni NPs on the pulmonary system remain scarce. The present study was designed to examine the toxic effect of human lung epithelial A549 cells treated with well characterized Ni NPs at the concentrations of 0, 1, 2, 5, 10 and 25 μg/ml for 24 and 48 h. Mitochondrial function (MTT assay), membrane leakage of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH assay), reduced glutathione (GSH), reactive oxygen species (ROS), membrane lipid peroxidation (LPO) and caspase-3 activity were assessed as toxicity end points. Results showed that Ni NPs reduced mitochondrial function and induced the leakage of LDH in dose and time-dependent manner. Ni NPs were also found to induce oxidative stress in dose and time-dependent manner indicated by depletion of GSH and induction of ROS and LPO. Further, activity of caspase-3 enzyme, marker of apoptosis was significantly higher in treated cells with time and Ni NPs dosage. The results exhibited significant toxicity of Ni NPs in human lung epithelial A549 cells which is likely to be mediated through oxidative stress. This study warrants more careful assessment of Ni NPs before their industrial applications.

Toxicity and Developmental Defects of Different Sizes and Shape Nickel Nanoparticles in Zebrafish

Metallic nanoparticles such as nickel are used in catalytic sensing, and electronic applications, but health and environmental affects have not been fully investigated. While some metal nanoparticles result in toxicity, it is also important to determine whether nanoparticles of the same metal but of different size and shape changes toxicity. Three different size nickel nanoparticle (Ni NPs) of 30, 60, and 100 nm and larger particle clusters of aggregated 60 nm entities with a dendritic structure were synthesized and exposed to zebrafish embryos assessing mortality and developmental defects. Ni NPs exposure was compared to soluble nickel salts. All three 30, 60, and 100 nm Ni NPs are equal to or less toxic than soluble nickel while dendritic clusters were more toxic. With each Ni NP exposure, thinning of the intestinal epithelium first occurs around the LD10 continuing into the LD50. LD50 exposure also results in skeletal muscle fiber separation. Exposure to soluble nickel does not cause intestinal defects while skeletal muscle separation occurs at concentrations well over LD50. These results suggest that configuration of nanoparticles may affect toxicity more than size and defects from Ni NPs exposure occur by different biological mechanisms than soluble nickel.