Ngada Regency Research Articles

The Influence of Tourism Attraction Levy Receipts on Original Regional Income in Ngada Regency

This exploration was directed determined to figure out the impact of vacation spot demand receipts on the nearby pay of Ngada Rule from 2016-2021. The information utilized in this examination is optional information. Perception, documentation and interview information assortment strategies were then investigated utilizing a basic direct relapse examination strategy utilizing the SPSS application. The consequences of this examination show that the receipt of vacation spot demands fundamentally affects nearby unique pay. This depends on the t test worth of the duty receipt variable of 3.297 and a critical worth of 0.030 which is more modest than the foreordained huge worth of 0.05 (5%

Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Dengan Pengabdian KKN Di Desa Libunio Kecamatan Soa Kabupaten Ngada

The implementation of the Flores University KKN in 2023 will be carried out collectively, namely on 01-31 August 2023 with the theme "Community Empowerment for Shared Welfare". KKN aims to increase students' empathy and concern for the community, being able to work together in groups, being responsible, disciplined, and having a work ethic. The location of the KKN activity is in Libunio Village, Soa District, Ngada Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province. This KKN activity is the result of collaboration between the local village government, community, students, and Field Supervisors (DPL). The aim of this activity is so that students can apply what they have learned in college, and gain learning experience by being directly involved with the community, through the problems they find and finding solutions. There are several problems encountered at the location, so there needs to be a joint effort to reduce or overcome these problems. 1) Due to drought and lack of clean water, a water storage tank was made for the Libunio village community, 2) a village road to facilitate access for the Libunio village community, 3) held joint devotional work activities every Saturday to make it look clean and comfortable, 4) made a planting monument KB village to support the KB program, 5) planting trees with the Soa police chief for greening, 6) making RT signs to indicate the RT in each hamlet so that it looks attractive and 7) making gates to celebrate the 78th anniversary of the Republic of Indonesia. It is hoped that the results of this activity will provide benefits to the government and local community, and can work together for next year's KKN activities.

PENGARUH PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT, KOMPETENSI SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA DAN PENGAWASAN TERHADAP AKUNTABILITAS PENGELOLAAN DANA DESA

The aims of this research are 1. To find out the effect of community participation on the accountability of managing village funds in Golewa District, Ngada Regency. 2. To determine the effect of human resource competence on the accountability of managing village funds in Golewa District, Ngada Regency. 3. To find out the effect of supervision on the accountability of managing village funds in Golewa District, Ngada Regency. This type of research uses causality research, the research was conducted in villages throughout Golewa District, Ngada Regency, the research data obtained will be analyzed with the help of the SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) software application. Based on the results of the study, data was obtained that: The results of testing the community participation variable showed a regression coefficient value of 0.304. The tcount value of the community participation variable > ttable (2.047 > 2.02439) and a significant level of 0.048 <0.05. The results of testing the human resource competency variable show a regression coefficient value of 0.277. The tcount value of the human resource competence variable > ttable (2.184> 2.02439) and a significant level of 0.035 <0.05. The results of testing the community participation variable showed a regression coefficient value of 0.743. The tcount value of the community participation variable > ttable (3.262> 2.02439) and a significant level of 0.002 <0.05.

Pelatihan Manajemen Keuangan dalam Pengembangan Usaha Kecil Menengah

The problem found is that the limited ability of small business actors to manage their business finances has resulted in a poor financial managemeny system that does not yet use the accounting bookkeeping model in financial management. This service aims to help small business actors with defficukties in managing their finances. This Community service uses a participatory action based method which is carried out in Bopoma Village, west Golewa District Ngada Regency. The results of activities can provide serious understanding to small and medium business actors about better financial management. This activity process can increase the knowledge of business actors. The conclusions that can be drawn in this training have a positive effect on small business actor to get to know financial cash flow in depth, create simple financial accounting books, hel ensure that business ventures have sufficient funds to meet financial obligations, overcome financial challenges and take advantage of business growth opportunities, in creating a comprehensive budget.

PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DALAM PENGEMBANGAN EKOWISATA WOLOBOBO DI DESA LANGA KECAMATAN BAJAWA KABUPATEN NGADA NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR


 
 
 
 One of the developments of Ngada Regency Ecotourism that is currently starting to emerge and be developed is the Wolobobo Ecotourism destination. The number of tourists who come to visit is now increasing this is due to the participation of the community, where the community is very involved and enthusiastic about working with everything it can do so that Wolobobo Ecotourism can develop well and become an advanced Ecotourism Area. The purpose of community participation for the Wolobobo Ecotourism area in Langa Village is expected to be able to develop the Ecotourism Area into the number one Ecotourism destination in Bajawa District, Ngada Regency, NTT Province with high community participation, will make this Wolobobo Ecotourism destination into a community-based tourist area. This type of research is a type of Descriptive research with a Qualitative approach, informants in this research in this research are village heads, (representatives), Pokdarwis, managers, and the community. The techniques used in this study are data collection techniques in the form of observation, interviews and documentation. Meanwhile, data analysis techniques use data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of this study show that the community in Langa Village has participated in their respective ways and implemented the work program that has been made, the conclusion of this study is that the participation of the Langa village community in the development of Wolobobo Ecotourism is very high, although there are several inhibiting factors.
 
 
 

REGIONAL SEGMENTATION BASED ON AVAILABILITY OF PUBLIC FACILITIES (CASE STUDY: DISTRICT/CITY IN EAST NUSA TENGGARA PROVINCE)

The availability of public facilities could be an indicator of regional development. The purpose of this study was to describe the segmentation of the availability of public facilities in Nusa Tenggara Timur province by regency/city. The K-Means Clustering analysis was used to divide the regencies/cities in Nusa Tenggara Timur province into three groups. The variables used in this K-Means Clustering analysis based on Nusa Tenggara Timur Village Potential Statistics are Public Spaces, Integrated Health Counseling Post, The Source of Main Street Illumination, Availability of Public Transportation, and Availability of Communication Facility. According to the findings and discussions, the first, second, and third clusters of the availability of public facilities byregencies/cities in Nusa Tenggara Timur Province consist of 8, 5, and 9 regencies/cities, respectively. Percentage of variability for this data is about 61.4 %. The segments with the lowest availability of public facilities are Sumba Barat regency, Belu regency, Sumba Tengah regency, Sabu Raijua regency, and Kupang City. The medium segment consists of Sumba Timur regency, Alor regency, Sikka regency, Ngada regency, Rote Ndao regency, Sumba Barat Daya regency, Nagekeo regency, and Malacca regency. The areas with the highest availability of facilities are Kupang regency, Timor Tengah Selatan regency, Timor Tengah Utara Regency, Lembata regency, Flores Timur regency, Ende regency, Manggarai regency, Manggarai Barat regency, and Manggarai Timur regency.

Kontribusi Inflasi dan Upah Terhadap Kemiskinan di Kabupaten Ngada Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur

This study analyzes how the influence of inflation and wages the number of poor people in Ngada Regency. The research method used in this data analysis uses ultiple linear regression analysis. The type of data used is a combination of time series data (2016-2020 period) and cross section (12 sub-districts) sourced from the Central Statistics Agency of Ngada Regency. The results of this study indicate that the positive coefficient of inflation is 4386,046, this means that if inflation increases by 1%, poverty will also increase by 4,386.046 %. While the wage coefficient is 0.141, this means that if wages increase by 1%, poverty will decrease by 14.1%. The conclusion of this study shows that inflation and wages have a simultaneous effect on poverty, while the partial effect of inflation has no effect on poverty while wages have an effect on poverty.

IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN PERHUTANAN SOSIAL SKEMA HUTAN KEMASYARAKATAN ( Studi Kasus Peraturan Adat ( RI’I ) Sebagai Penunjang Kebijakan Perhutanan Sosial Di Hutan Kemasyarakatan Wolobobo, Desa Turekisa, Kecamatan Golewa Barat, Kabupaten Ngada, Flores, Nusa

Problems that in forest areas are usually damage done by people who live around forest areas. The damage that usually occurs is forest fires, illegal logging, and encroachment. Within the Wolobobo HKm area, damage such as encroachment was still found until 2001 with a total land area of ​​481 hectares. To avoid a higher level of damage, the government, namely UPT KPH Ngada Regency together with the LSM Serbio Ngada, took a middle path by making the Ri'i customary regulation which was proclaimed on November 8, 2003. Over time, the government established the Wolobobo HKm area with a forest function as HP (Production Forest) in 2010 and the establishment of Social Forestry in 2016.The research was carried out in the HKm Wolobobo area, Bajawa, Ngada Regency, this research was conducted to find out the Implementation of Social Forestry Policy and the Implementation of Ri'i Customary Regulations. The research was conducted for 2 months June - August 2022. Respondents in this study came from five KTH with a total of 72 members. The method used in this study is qualitative. The results of the research obtained through the interview method with the help of a questionnaire found that the Implementation of Social Forestry Policy and the Implementation of Ri'i Customary Regulations had not gone well because the UPT KPH in Ngada Regency was not optimal in conducting outreach and assistance to the management community and the low level of good human resources from both quantity and quality.

ANALISIS KELEMBAGAAN KELOMPOK TANI HUTAN (KTH) PADA AREA HUTAN KEMASYARAKATAN WOLOBOBO (Studi Kasus Desa Rakateda II Kecamatan Golewa Barat, Kabupaten Ngada, Flores, Nusa Tenggara Timur)

The WoloboboHKm area has experienced encroachment damage which was still found up to 2001 with a total land area of ​​481 hectares and fires that occurred in the last five years covering 117 hectares. To avoid increasing damage, it is necessary to emphasize the people who have an important role, one of the strategies used is the Social Forestry scheme in the form of community forestry (HKm), which involves the community directly as part of the forest ecosystem unit which is seen as one of the stakeholders who will determined to seek sustainable development of forest ecosystems and improve community welfare through the Forest Farmers Group (KTH) institution. The research was carried out in the WoloboboHKm area, Bajawa, Ngada Regency. This research was conducted to analyze the KTH Institutions in the Wolobobo Community Forest Area. The research was conducted for 2 months July - August 2022. Respondents in this study came from 3 KTH with a total of 39 members. The method used in this study is a qualitative method, using Stakeholder analysis with the 4R framework, namely Rights (Rights), Responsibility (Responsibility), Income/return (Results/benefits), Relationships (Relationships). The results of the research obtained through the interview method with the help of a questionnaire note that the Institutional Forest Farmer Group has not been effective due to reduced community development and assistance, reduced awareness of responsibility by each stakeholder role, low community income and relationships between stakeholders that have not worked well.

KAJIAN PEMANFAATAN HUTAN KEMASYARAKATAN WOLOBOBO (STUDI KASUS PADA KTH ANUGERAH, KTH SEDANG MEKAR DAN KTH SETIA KAWAN) SEBAGAI SUMBER PENDAPATAN DI DESA BELA KECAMATAN BAJAWA KABUPATEN NGADA PROVINSI NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR

The purpose of the study was to find out the forms of community forest utilization in the Wolobobo HKm by farming communities in KTH Anugerah, KTH Medium Mekar and KTH Setia Kawan. Knowing the amount of income generated by farming communities in KTH Anugerah, KTH Sedang Mekar and KTH Setia Kawan. Knowing the level of profit from the use of HKm for farming communities in KTH Anugerah, KTH Sedang Mekar and KTH Setia Kawan. This research was carried out in HKm Wolobobo, Ngada Regency which consisted of 32 KTH with KTH samples taken as much as 10% (3 KTH) of the total KTH. Determination of KTH sample is done by simple random sampling. Data collection techniques used in this study are primary data and secondary data. From the data collected, descriptive quantitative data analysis was carried out. The results showed that the form of utilization of Wolobobo Hkm Coffee and Ginger became the main commodities. Farming business in HKm Wolobobo provides relative benefits to farmers with the results after analyzing the R/C ratio of KTH Anugerah of 2.88, KTH Sedang Mekar of 4.93 and KTH Setia Kawan of 7.70 which is greater than 1, then the business This farmer is declared to be profitable.

PELAKSANAAN PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS BAHASA IBU DI SEKOLAH DASAR

This study aims to determine the imlementation of mother tongue-based learning conducted at Citra Bakti Elementary School, Golewa District, Ngada Regency. This study used a qualitative approach, data were collected through intervoews, observation, and documentation. Once the data were gathered, the analysis was conducted by reducing and presenting it as well as drawinh conclusion from the findings. This study resulted in finding out that mother tongue based instruction had not been designed yet. These findings also indicated the needs to comduct early recession to reveal groups of students who had the same mother tongue basis. it is also necessary to state that designing an instruction by adjusting to students needs and characteristics with mother tongue basis is imminent to be carried out.

Halal Tourism Potential in Muslim Minority Areas (A Case Study in Indonesia)

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine the potential that Ngada Regency has as a Muslim minority area in developing halal tourism, as well as the efforts that must be made to support this potential so that it can be applied. Research Methodology: The research method used is descriptive qualitative research. Primary data sources were obtained through interviews with fourteen respondents, including; the Indonesian Ulema Council of Ngada Regency, the Ministry of Islamic Religion of Ngada Regency, the Ngada Regency Tourism Office, Islamic religious leaders, and local Muslim tourists. Results: The results of this study show that Ngada Regency has the opportunity to implement halal tourism, judging from the tourism potential it has, including; marine parks of 17 islands, beaches, mountains, hills, waterfalls, craters, hot springs, and traditional villages. The available tourist attractions are the main attractions and characteristics that distinguish Ngada Regency from other districts in East Nusa Tenggara. Then, judging from the enthusiasm of local Muslim tourists visiting tourist destinations, Ngada Regency has the opportunity to implement halal tourism. However, the facilities and infrastructure available in tourist destinations and lodging places must follow halal tourism principles. Limitations: This study has limited data coverage in an Eastern Indonesia region that has a Muslim minority demographic. Contributions: The study is the first to examine the potential of halal tourism in eastern Indonesia with the condition of the Muslim minority population. Novelty: This study makes a valuable contribution to the study of the development of halal tourism in eastern Indonesia, which has a Muslim minority demographic.

ANALISIS KINERJA KEUANGAN PADA KOPERASI SIMPAN PINJAM “WANITA KARYA LANGA” KECAMATAN BAJAWA KABUPATEN NGADA

The purpose of this study was to determine the financial performance of the Karya Langa Women's Savings and Loans Cooperative, Bajawa District, Ngada Regency in 2019-2021. This type of research is Descriptive Research. This research was conducted at the Karya Langa Women's Savings and Loans Cooperative, Bajawa District, Ngada Regency with the sample being the balance sheet report and remaining business results for 2019, 2020 and 2021. the results of the analysis in the balance sheet report and remaining operating results for 2019-2021 are: 1. The current ratio value from 2019 reached 227% with very good criteria, then in 2020 it reached 226% with very good criteria, and in 2021 it reached 159% with pretty good criteria. Thus the cooperative's liquidity for three years in terms of the current ratio can be declared healthy in meeting short-term debt and current assets owned by the cooperative. 2. The debt ratio in 2019 was 76.10% with unfavorable criteria; in 2020 it is 75.25% with not good criteria; and in 2021 it is 72.17% with unfavorable criteria. Thus the solvency of the cooperative for three years in terms of the debt ratio can be declared not yet solvable in fulfilling its debts. 3. The value of return on equity in 2019 was 6.77% with unfavorable criteria; in 2020 it is 1.26% with bad criteria and in 2021 it is 1.28% with bad criteria. Thus the profitability of cooperatives for the last three years has not been profitable in producing SHU.

PENGARUH TINGKAT PENDIDIKAN, PENGALAMAN KERJA, PELATIHAN DAN PENGGUNAAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI TERHADAP KUALITAS LAPORAN KEUANGAN

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of education level, work experience, training and use of information technology on the financial reports of BUMDes in Bajawa District, Ngada Regency. The population in this study were BUMDes administrators in Bajawa District, totaling 10 villages in one village consisting of 3 BUMDes administrators, so the total population is 30 people. The sampling technique in this study was carried out using saturated sampling technique or total sampling, which is a sampling technique where the number of samples is equal to the population. This type of research uses quantitative research. This study uses primary data, namely a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis which was processed using IBM SPSS Statistics ver 25. The results of this study indicate that: (1) The level of education affects the quality of financial reports. This is evidenced by the coefficient value of the education level variable of 0.248 with tcount> ttable (2.533 > 2.059) and a significant level of 0.018 <0.05. (2) Work experience affects the quality of financial reports. This is evidenced by the coefficient value of the work experience variable of 0.256 with tcount> ttable (2.425 > 2.059) and a significant level of 0.023 <0.05. (3) Training affects the quality of financial reports. This is evidenced by the coefficient value of the training variable of 0.273 with tcount > ttable (2.294 > 2.059) and a significant level of 0.030 <0.05. (4) The use of information technology affects the quality of financial reports. This is evidenced by the variable coefficient value of the use of information technology of 0.325 with tcount> ttable (2.691 > 2.059) and a significant level of 0.013 <0.05. Simultaneously each variable of education level, work experience, training, and use of information technology has an effect on financial reports, namely the use of information technology has an effect on financial reports, namely 48.8% and the remaining 51.2% is influenced by other variables not included in the study.

The Effect of Rice Varieties on Silica Purification from Rice Husk Ash as Adsorbent for Mn(II)

The influence of rice types on the purification of rice husk ash was investigated by extracting silica and purifying it with a 12% NaOH solution, followed by the coprecipitation technique. Rice husk samples were from Mbay (Nagekeo Regency) with two different varieties, Ciherang and Inpari 42, and from Soa (Ngada Regency) with Ciherang variety. The silica produced in this research was characterized using UV Vis spectrophotometry to obtain the surface area value. The surface acidity value was calculated using the acid-base titration method. Using XRF, the purity of silica was determined. Ciherang Mbay, Ciherang Soa, and Inpari Mbay had surface area values of 18.397 m2/gram, 18.347 m 2 /gram, and 18.491 m 2 /gram, respectively. The surface acidity value of the three samples was 45.1 mmol/gram, 45.5 mmol/gram, and 44.7 mmol/gram, respectively. The purity of silica from rice husk ash Ciherang Mbay, Ciherang Soa, and Inpari Mbay samples based on XRF was 98.6%, 98.3%, dan 99.2%, respectively. Silica with the highest purity (Inpari Mbay variety) was applied as an adsorbent in the adsorption process of manganese (Mn(II)) metal ion with an adsorption capacity of 212.76 µmol/gram and adsorption energy of 38.165 kJ/mol through chemical adsorption. Keywords : purification, rice varieties, silica, adsorption, manganese

The Role of the COVID-19 Handling Task Force (Covid-19 Task Force) in Ngada District

This study aims to identify and describe the role of the Covid-19 task force in Ngada District. This type of research is descriptive research using a qualitative approach. The informants who became the resource persons for this research were the Chairperson of the Covid-19 Task Force for Ngada Regency, the Head of the BPBD for Ngada Regency, the Head of the Ngada Regency Police, the TNI, POLRI, SATPOL PP, people who have been exposed to Covid-19 and also people who have never been exposed to Covid-19. Total informants in this study amounted to 11 people. Data collection techniques in this study are observation, interviews, and documentation. The data that has been collected is then analyzed using data analysis techniques from Yin (2008: 34) which are dominantly carried out in case study research. The results of this study indicate that the role of the Ngada Regency Covid-19 task force has been good, especially in preventing the spread of the corona virus, but the obstacle in preventing the spread of Covid-19 is the lack of public understanding, as well as local customary habits which always cause crowds so as to spread the virus. This was difficult for the Ngada Regency Covid-19 Task Force team to overcome. The Ngada Regency Task Force Team continues to carry out its role as the unit in charge of preventing the spread of the corona virus while continuing to provide outreach, supervise and resolve problems that occur in the community.

Kepuasan pernikahan pada perkawinan matrilineal: Bagaimana peranan keterbukaan diri dan kematangan emosi?

This study uses a quantitative correlational research design to determine (1) the relationship between self-disclosure and emotional maturity with marital satisfaction in matrilineal marriages in Ngada District (2) the relationship between self-disclosure and marital satisfaction in matrilineal marriages in Ngada District (3) the relationship between emotional maturity and marital satisfaction of husband and wife in matrilineal marriages in Ngada District. Sampling in this study using non-probability sampling using purposive sampling technique. The population in this study were married couples in Ngada Regency who were married in a matrilineal manner with a minimum age of 5 years of marriage. The subjects of this study amounted to 102 people. The analysis technique uses multiple regression analysis to determine the direction and influence of self-disclosure and emotional maturity on marital satisfaction in matrilineal marriages in Ngada District. Measuring tools used in the form of a scale of marital satisfaction, a scale of self-disclosure and a scale of emotional maturity. The results of this study reveal that self-disclosure and emotional maturity have a significant influence on marital satisfaction in matrilineal marriages in Ngada District, both partially and simultaneously.

A Model of Integrated Community-Based Bamboo Management for the Bamboo Industry in Ngada Regency, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia

The potentials of bamboo resources owned by the community in Ngada Regency has not been managed and appropriately utilized. There were no integrated programs between the on-farm and off-farm sectors and no clear roles and responsibilities among the stakeholders involved. Soft System Methodology (SSM) framework approach was carried out through stakeholder analysis, CATWOE analysis, and gap analysis. The root definition of the current situation was that the model of sustainable community bamboo management and utilization (W) is responsible to the local and central government as well as the bamboo manufacturing industry as off-taker (O) with integrated supporting programs and regulations, ensuring the potential of bamboo resources and the bamboo product market (E) which was carried out together with stakeholders (A) through active participation and synergy programs (T) to improve the welfare of the community of bamboo owners, craftsmen, and bamboo entrepreneurs (C). The study produces a suitable and appropriate strategy based on the corrective actions of existing problems and recommendations formulated from conceptual models and existing actual conditions on integrated sustainable bamboo management.

ANALISIS PENDAPATAN DAN FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHINYA DARI USAHA TERNAK SAPI DI KECAMATAN RIUNG KABUPATEN NGADA BERBASIS LAHAN KERING

A survey was carried out in Riung subdistrict Ngada District from 7 February 2018 until 30 May 2018 to analyse revenues and factors affecting cattle business in Riung District Ngada. Sampling is carried out gradually by determining the sample village in Purposif and continued with a randomized propotional determination. The number of respondents was 120 farmers. The accumulated Data is and subsequently carried out analysis of revenues and statistical analyses in the form of correlation and regression analyses. Revenue analysis results show that the average income of farmers in cattle livestock in Riung District Ngada Regency amounting to IDR. 4,609,650./year. Statistical analysis results showed that the cost factor of cage and equipment, labor and going have a real relationship with income and have a relationship pattern: Ŷ Y= 639,87 + 0,08x1 + 0,3x2 +5,56x3 + 11,01x4 and coefesien of determination (R²) = 0,672. But in partial test-T, it turns out that only X4 or health care costs that give a highly significantly (P < 0.01).

IDENTIFIKASI DAN ANALISIS KEARIFAN LOKAL PERBURUAN SATWA LIAR (PARAWITU) DI DESA PAPE KECAMATAN BAJAWA KABUPATEN NGADA

The aims of this study to (1) Identify Local Wisdom In Hunting Wild Animals In Pape Village, Bajawa Sub-District, Ngada District; (2) Identify The Use Of Local Wisdom In Hunting Wild Animals In Pape Village, Bajawa District, Ngada Regency; (3) Analyze The Spatial Distribution Of Wildlife Hunting Activities In Pape Vilage,Bajawa District, Ngada Regency. The method used in this research is a qualitative research method. Sources of data used secondary data and primary data. Data collection techniques, namely observations, interviews, observations and documentation studies. The data analysis technique used qualitative analysis through the data processing stage, and conclusions. The results are as follows: (1) the main motivation for hunting activities was to fulfill traditional needs and rituals. Hunting activities are only permitted for local people. The main game animals are wild boar, deer. The local wisdom of hunting for the local people of Pape Village is the prohibition of killing animals in the forest without a clear purpose, the selection of game animals and the use of nature for hunting, the inheritance of hunting skills is passed on to the next generation orally and directly. (2) The customs of the Pape people in hunting pigs and deer are carried out for generations, namely, this hunting carried out without destroying the forest ecosystem and the Pape people still preserve other animals. In nurturing and maintaining local wisdom, hunting continues to this day to show the existence and use of wild animals as the fulfillment of protein needs, traditional rituals, decorations, and for food ingredients.(3) Wild animals spread patterns in an ecological community. Wild board and deer are suspected to have a non-random distribution pattern, because these. Two wild animals are wild animals that are selective in choosing habitats.