Next-generation Library Research Articles

Reimaging the Library of the Future. From Social Condenser and Community Hub to Regenerative Design

ABSTRACT The primary objective of this article, an architectural forecasting opinion piece written by a design expert, is to investigate the various models of public library buildings and explore the continuous evolution of library design (presenting valuable information for anyone planning a library). The main question explored in this article is: What will be the design characteristics of the next-generation library? Methods used include precedent analysis, cases selected from an international list of 50 libraries built between 2010–2023 following a web search using the phrase “public library architecture” and analyzing these cases for repeated thematic similarities. Three similarities are identified.

Emerging Technologies in Digital Libraries: Net Interactive Document (NID) Experiences and Prospects

Modern digital library systems face challenges related to data analytics, interoperability, access control, and institutional and user collaborations. This paper presents the work done to add value to the conventional digital library workflows in a next-generation library system. Inherent capabilities to foster collaboration, content co-creation and AI interventions are among the desired features guiding the development of modern library systems. The work also highlights aspects of data transformation and access models in a more connected information ecosystem

Migration as a Catalyst for Organizational Change in Technical Services

ABSTRACT This article describes the changes within the Western Michigan University Libraries Technical Services Department during a five-year period from 2012 to 2017, which involved a reorganization of staff and the migration to Alma/Primo, Ex Libris’ next-generation library management system and discovery solution. The aim of this case study is to understand the role these two significant events played in the transformation of the department.

Abstract LB-263: Pancreatic cancer prognosis is predicted by chromatin accessibility microarray

Abstract Personalized therapy is the future of cancer care. Almost half of the cancer patients do not respond to chemotherapy. For instance, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients with the limited local disease and with no detectable metastasis typically have their primary tumor surgically resected, but the disease recurs in approximately 50% of cases within 1 year of surgery, in spite of adjuvant chemotherapy. Although gene expression signatures correlating prognosis have been described in PDAC, the therapeutic utility of these signatures has been limited based in part on a large number of genes displaying an altered expression. On the other hand, regulatory regions common to these genes might be amenable to collective epigenetic reprogramming using epigenetic drugs. We interrogated genome-wide chromatin accessibility using Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin sequencing (ATAC-seq) on EpCAM+ PDAC malignant cells sorted from a cohort of 54 treatment-naïve resected tumors, in hopes of defining a tumor-intrinsic chromatin signature associated with recurrence. We discovered a signature of 1092 loci that were differentially accessible between recurrent (disease-free survival (DFS) < 1 year) and non-recurrent patients (DFS > 1 year). Through transcription factor (TF) binding motif analysis, we identified candidate TFs whose accessible motifs were differentially associated with recurrence. Nuclear localization of two such TFs, ZKSCAN1 and HNF1b, were assessed by immunostaining on tissue microarrays (TMA) representing 40 out of 54 patients. Nuclear staining of HNF1b was strong in tumor tissue from non-recurrent patients and weak or absent in recurrent patients, but ZKSCAN1 staining patterns were not significantly associated with recurrence. In a TMA representing an independent PDAC cohort (n=97) preselected for 52 long (OS 6 years)- and 45 short (OS 6 months)- term survivors, the number of nuclear positive cells for HNF1b was 52-fold higher in the long-term compared to the short-term survivors and that for ZKSCAN1 was 5.3-fold higher in the short-term compared to the long-term survivors. We further validated the 1092 chromatin accessibility signature by a novel microarray-based platform technology that we termed “ATAC-Array”, where the differentially accessible regions from the signatures were probed on a glass slide and then hybridized with fluorescent-labeled ATAC-libraries. This is a cost-effective, easy-to-use platform technology avoiding the time and cost of next-generation ATAC library sequencing. ATAC-array is the only microarray that reads chromatin accessibility. We have compared ATAC-array side-by-side with ATAC-seq (n=30) and found significant correlation (Pearson's median r= 0.64, range= 0.50- 0.77). By performing ATAC-array on the PDAC cohort (n=38), we have independently re-classified the patients who recurred early and the ones who did not (Gehan-Breslow-Wilcoxon test p=0.0076). ATAC-array, as the technology itself, has enormous potential for a wide range of applications, and we propose to develop it as a clinically validated theragnostic tool to predict and stratify cancer patients for epigenetic therapy. Citation Format: Surajit Dhara, Sagar Chhangawala, Himanshu Chintalapudi, Alexandra L. Massa, Victoria Aveson, Gokce Askan, Liguo Zhang, Remy Nicolle, Alvin P. Makohon-Moore, Smrita Sinha, Jiang Gui, Richard Moffitt, Kenneth H. Yu, Vinod Balachandran, Rohit Chandwani, Christina Leslie, Steven D. Leach. Pancreatic cancer prognosis is predicted by chromatin accessibility microarray [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-263.

The Knowledgebase at the Center of the Universe

ABSTRACTSince its advent more than 15 years ago, the knowledgebase has quietly deposed the catalog as the center of the library management and discovery universe. Knowledgebases provide libraries with an inventory of their e-resources holdings and describe the materials that a library has purchased at a more granular level than the traditional bibliographic record. Knowledgebases power key tools such as link resolvers and unified search platforms, support management needs across the e-resources lifecycle, and more recently have evolved to intersect with areas such as linked open data, community contribution models, and next-generation library management platforms. They have truly become the hub from which our most vital services operate. This report will provide an overview of “The Knowledgebase at the Center of the Universe,” an American Library Association Technology Report assessing the state of knowledgebase technology. Topics covered will include an overview of the current product landscape, an exploration of new directions, and case studies from libraries and vendors using knowledgebases in innovative ways.

Finding the gaps: A survey of electronic resource management in Alma, Sierra, and WMS

ABSTRACTThe objective of this study was to determine whether libraries that have implemented a next-generation library system are able to complete electronic resource management (ERM) workflows entirely within that system. A survey of librarians received 299 responses from users of Alma, WorldShare Management Services (WMS), and Sierra. Responses indicate that there are gaps in workflows and that many libraries are still performing core ERM tasks outside these three systems. The study concludes that these systems may require further development before they are able to fully support complex ERM processes.

Embracing Changing Technology and New Technical Services Workflows in Migrating to a Next-Generation Library Management System

ABSTRACTIn 2015, Radford University’s McConnell Library migrated to OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc. (OCLC)’s WorldShare Management Services, relinquishing three legacy systems in the process. As a result, many of the Collection and Technical Services Department’s workflows changed considerably beginning months before the contract was signed. An extensive temporary departmental focus on data clean-up and training was required while maintaining core duties. New opportunities for collaboration and communication emerged. In light of developing new workflows, NASIG Core Competencies for Electronic Resources Librarians and NASIG Core Competencies for Print Serials Management were consulted in revising positions. What follows is the process, management, communication, and outcomes involved in migrating to a new next-generation library management system.

NEXT-GENERATION CATALOGUES: HOW ARE THE ACADEMIC LIBRARIES IN KENYA FARING?

The library catalogue has changed over the years from a card catalogue to its electronic successor, the Online Public Access Catalogue (OPAC), to what is called the next-generation library catalogue, sometimes referred to as the library 2.0 catalogue or ‘the third-generation catalogue’. The purpose of this study was to investigate the current state of catalogues in academic libraries in Kenya and to evaluate whether these libraries have incorporated features of the next-generation catalogues in their OPACs. The study applied a checklist of features commonly identified as characteristics of the next-generation catalogue to examine whether the OPACs of university libraries in Kenya are comparable to the next-generation library catalogue. The findings of the study showed that libraries in Kenya have made some progress towards transforming their OPACs to the next-generation catalogue but have not reached the ideal. None of the OPACs has all the features evaluated. Progress has been made with features, such as enhanced content, simple keyword search and faceted navigation. However, none of the catalogues has federated searching capabilities. The study also found out that close to half of the libraries which have their OPACs available online are using Koha as their Library Management System (LMS). This article provides valuable information for library policy makers interested in modernising their catalogues or acquiring discovery tools for their institution. The article may also be a useful tool for evaluating OPACs modules of the integrated LMS, especially for libraries that are in the process of selecting a suitable LMS.

Mapping 3D genome architecture through in situ DNase Hi-C.

With the advent of massively parallel sequencing, considerable work has gone into adapting chromosome conformation capture (3C) techniques to study chromosomal architecture at a genome-wide scale. We recently demonstrated that the inactive murine X chromosome adopts a bipartite structure using a novel 3C protocol, termed in situ DNase Hi-C. Like traditional Hi-C protocols, in situ DNase Hi-C requires that chromatin be chemically cross-linked, digested, end-repaired, and proximity-ligated with a biotinylated bridge adaptor. The resulting ligation products are optionally sheared, affinity-purified via streptavidin bead immobilization, and subjected to traditional next-generation library preparation for Illumina paired-end sequencing. Importantly, in situ DNase Hi-C obviates the dependence on a restriction enzyme to digest chromatin, instead relying on the endonuclease DNase I. Libraries generated by in situ DNase Hi-C have a higher effective resolution than traditional Hi-C libraries, which makes them valuable in cases in which high sequencing depth is allowed for, or when hybrid capture technologies are expected to be used. The protocol described here, which involves ∼4 d of bench work, is optimized for the study of mammalian cells, but it can be broadly applicable to any cell or tissue of interest, given experimental parameter optimization.

Imagining Library 4.0: Creating a Model for Future Libraries

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to suggest a Library 4.0 model based on the concepts of Library 4.0 discussed in the literature as the future of library service. The concepts and model of Library 4.0 can be adapted to fit every different kind of library. Design/Methodology/ApproachFor this purpose, first, major reference databases (e.g. Google Scholar, EbscoHost, LISA, etc.) were examined for literature that discusses Web 4.0 and Library 4.0. Second, examples of information technology environments as well as studies and news articles related to information technology were comprehensively collected and analyzed by focusing on those which may influence libraries. Third, examples of cutting-edge information technology applied in libraries were examined and analyzed. Other examples were found of cutting-edge information technologies that have not yet been used in libraries but would be applicable to the next-generation library. Fourth, this study developed a model for next-generation library service provided by Library 4.0 and representative keywords explaining Library 4.0. FindingsFirst, opinions of scholars tracking the rise of Web 4.0 vary widely, but Web 4.0 features commonly suggested by previous researchers are: reading, writing, and executing simultaneously, intelligence-based agents, connected web, ubiquitous web, intelligence connections, and intelligence-based web. Secondly, this study determined the features of Library 4.0 as: intelligence-based, massive data, augmented reality, context aware, cutting-edge displays, and infinite creative space. Third, in this context, the keywords that best explain Library 4.0 are: Intelligent, Makerspace, Context-Aware Technology, Open Source, Big Data, Cloud Service, Augmented Reality, State-of-the-art Display, and Librarian 4.0. Originality/ValueDiscussions about Web 4.0 have begun, but little has been written about Library 4.0. This study is significant for deriving keywords for Library 4.0 and presenting the development direction of Library 4.0. In the future, research on Library 4.0 can actively proceed from this starting point.

Amazon for Technical Services Librarians: Making Order of the Jungle

Academic libraries face growing pressure to provide minimal cataloging, while corporate bibliographic databases provide increasingly extensive bibliographic information. Amazon imports metadata from publishers, users, and authors, creating a virtual community space surrounding every record. An examination of Amazon's discovery layer interface and search structure reveals that their data is not organized or indexed in a way that is conducive to research, but is designed to improve sales. Catalogers' understanding of search mechanisms, organization, and data quality, when paired with Amazon's use of shared and enhanced metadata, could make a powerful next-generation library catalog without compromising libraries' core mission of service.

Comparative User Experiences of Next-Generation Catalogue Interfaces

One of the presumed advantages of next-generation library catalogue interfaces is that the user experience is improved—that it is both richer and more intuitive. Often the interfaces come with little or no user-facing documentation or imbedded "help" for patrons based on an assumption of ease of use and familiarity of the experience, having followed best practices in use on the Web. While there has been much gray literature (published on library Web sites, etc.) interrogating these implicit claims and contrasting the new interfaces to traditional Web-based catalogues, this article details a consistent and formal comparison of whether users can actually accomplish common library tasks, unassisted, using these interfaces. The author has undertaken a task-based usability test of vendor-provided next-generation catalogue interfaces and Web-scale discovery tools (Encore Synergy, Summon, WorldCat Local, Primo Central, EBSCO Discovery Service). Testing was done with undergraduates across all academic disciplines. The resulting qualitative data, noting any demonstrated trouble using the software as well as feedback or suggested improvements that the users may have about the software, will assist academic libraries in making or validating purchase and subscription decisions for these interfaces as well as help vendors make data-driven decisions about interface and experience enhancements.

Trends in Twitter Hashtag Applications: Design Features for Value-Added Dimensions to Future Library Catalogues

The Twitter hashtag is a unique tagging format linking Tweets to user-defined concepts. The aim of the paper is to describe various applications of Twitter hashtags and to determine the functional characteristics of each application. Twitter hashtags can assist in archiving twitter content, provide different visual representations of tweets, and permit grouping by categories and facets. This study seeks to examine the trends in Twitter hashtag features and how these may be applied as enhancements for next-generation library catalogues. For this purpose, Taylor's value-added model is used as an analytical framework. The morphological box developed by Zwicky is used to synthesize functionalities of Twitter hashtag applications. And finally, included are recommendations for the design of hashtag-based value-added dimensions for future library catalogues.

KDC 조기표를 이용한 국내서의 패싯 내비게이션 기능 개선 방안

본 연구에서는 조기표를 활용하여 차세대 도서관 목록(NGC)에서 강조하는 검색 결과의 패싯 내비게이션 기능을 개선하고자 하였다. 조기표는 자료의 형식적인 측면이나 내용 측면을 체계적으로 나타내므로, 기존의 NGC에서 제공하고 있는 주요 패싯인 언어나 발행년도, 주제(대구분)와 같이 효과적인 패싯이 될 수 있다. 이에 한국십진분류법(KDC)을 적용한 서지레코드의 분류기호를 분석하여, 본표와 조기표의 합성 현황과 특징을 도출하였다. 그리고 이를 바탕으로 본표에 합성된 조기성 기호가 패싯 내비게이션 기능 강화에 활용될 수 있음을 제안하였다. 이 방안은 분류기호를 부여하기 위해 기존에 이루어져 왔던 주제 분석 과정의 산물을 재사용할 수 있다는 추가적인 이점도 가지고 있다. The purpose of this study is to improve the faceted navigation function of next-generation library catalogs(NGC) using the tables in a classification scheme. Because the tables provide forms or contents of materials systematically, faceted navigation based on the tables can be as effective as faceted navigation based on language, publishing date, or class-level subject facet. Therefore, class numbers based on the Korean Decimal Classification (KDC) were examined and the characteristics of schedules and tables were analyzed. As a result, suggestions to improve faceted navigation was provided. Moreover, the method using the tables does not need additional resources to derive facets because the facet analysis process is always carried out in the classification process.

Antibodies 2.0

Antibodies 2.0

Çevrimiçi Kütüphane Kataloglarına Yönelik Kullanıcı Beklentileri: Ankara Üniversitesi ve Hacettepe Üniversitesi Kütüphaneleri Örneği

Gelişen web teknolojileri, bilgi kaynaklarına erişimde önemli bir role sahip olan çevrimiçi kütüphane kataloglarının işlevlerinin artırılmasına ve yeni nesil kütüphane kataloglarının oluşturulmasına katkı sağlamaktadır. Etkileşim, paylaşım ve katılımı ön planda tutan yeni nesil kütüphane katalogları, geliştirilen özellikleriyle kullanıcıların bilgi kaynaklarına erişimlerinde ve bu kaynakları kullanımlarında önemli bir etki yaratmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, kullanıcıların bilgi arama davranışlarından hareket ederek, onların çevrimiçi kütüphane kataloglarını kullanma biçimlerini belirlemek ve bu kataloglara sosyal ağ özelliklerinin kazandırılması ile ilgili gereksinimlerini/ beklentilerini saptamak amaçlanmıştır. Betimleme yönteminin kullanıldığı çalışma kapsamında, Ankara Üniversitesi ve Hacettepe Üniversitesi’nden toplam 179 kişiyle yapılandırılmış görüşme gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, kullanıcıların bilimsel bilgi arama davranışlarında ilk olarak arama motorlarına başvurdukları; kütüphane kataloglarını üçüncü sırada tercih ettikleri; kütüphane kataloglarında çoğunlukla kaynakların içeriklerine erişim sağlayan bilgileri görmek istedikleri ve erişim için fasat yapılar ve heceleme algoritmaları gibi unsurları önemsedikleri belirlenmiştir.

Serials Management in the Next-Generation Library Environment

In this vision session, Robert McDonald, Jonathan Blackburn, and Bob McQuillan answered questions about the next generation of library management systems. They touched on some of the struggles that libraries face today, the expanding market for a variety of products and services to meet those challenges, and the need for standards to push toward greater interoperability. They envisioned a constantly changing future for workflow and suggested that future systems and products would allow libraries to customize the system to fit their own locally defined workflow.

Next-Generation Library Catalogs and the Problem of Slow Response Time

Response time as defined for this study is the time that it takes for all files that constitute a single webpage to travel across the Internet from a Web server to the end user’s browser. In this study, the authors tested response times on queries for identical items in five different library catalogs, one of them a next-generation (NextGen) catalog. The authors also discuss acceptable response time and how it may affect the discovery process. They suggest that librarians and vendors should develop standards for acceptable response time and use it in the product selection and development processes.

Open Forum: The Future of Library Systems

Moderated by Maria Collins of North Carolina State University, discussion at this open forum on the future of library systems touched on open-source library systems, cloud computing, new initiatives by the Open Library Environment (OLE) Project and OCLC, and desired characteristics of future integrated library systems. Most participants had limited experience with next-generation library systems and attended the open forum with the desire to broaden their understanding, although some were exposed to or had worked with the open-source discovery tool VuFind, the OLE Project, WorldCat Local, and the OCLC Web-scale service. A strong desire to customize library systems to meet local needs emerged as the primary factor in support of open-source software, while the fear of not being able to provide needed levels of technical support was the biggest challenge to implementing open-source systems. The ideal future library system will facilitate the management of workflow, incorporate enhanced discovery tools, and be interoperable with other systems inside and outside the library.

Next-generation library catalogues: reviews of Encore, Primo, Summon and Summa

Serials: The Journal for the Serials Community has been digitised and can be accessed in full on this website. All content is freely available on an open-access basis. Serials was published between 1988 and 2011. In 2012, the journal was retitled and is now published as Insights: the UKSG journal.