Newtonian Heating Research Articles

Local non-similar solution of radiative and magnetized flow of non-Newtonian liquid over a gravitationally affected porous surface with Newtonian heating effect

A non-similar solution of the generalized Newtonian liquid flow over a vertical non-rigid surface is presented to explore the significance of nonlinear radiation, Newtonian heating, magnetic and gravitational fields. The non-similar dynamical nature with rapid change in size and position is studied by incorporating the ordinate and stream-wise coordinates. The newly formulated mathematical results are presented in the form of partial differential equations (PDEs) which are converted to ordinary differential equations (ODEs) by utilizing the non-similar variables. The governing ODEs are then approximated by one of the collocation methods to explore the characteristic of different physical parameters while using MATLAB. The significant increasing behavior of the velocity profile is determined by the variation in Wessenberg number, bouncy ratio parameter, and suction parameters. On the other hand, the temperature profile is enhanced by uplifting the radiation, Newtonian heating, and heat generation parameters, respectively. The rate of heat transfer and resistive forces are escalating functions of stream-wise coordinate. All the new analysis and applied method are verified by giving a comparison with previous work.

Characterization Nanoparticles via Newtonian Heating for Fractionalized Hybrid Nanofluid in a Channel Flow

The characterization or measurement of the physical and chemical properties of nanoparticles usually lies in the field of nanometrology based on the different characterization techniques. In order to boost the rate of heat transmission, in this regard, an unsteady and convection flow of a fractionalized hybrid nanofluid in a vertical microchannel consisting of two parallel plates apart is studied through Newtonian heating. The governing equations are fractionalized based on the Caputo–Fabrizio derivative of the non-singular and as an exponential kernel. The fractionalized governing equations are solved by utilizing the Laplace approach. For the Laplace inversions, the Zakian algorithm is utilized to acquire the semi-analytical solution. The obtained solutions are also compared with Stehfest and Tzou numerical algorithms to check the validity. For understanding the physics of the under-considered problem, Mathcad software is used for numerical results and graphical representations. The impacts of different physical parameters are deliberated and exhibited in figures. The Prandtl number Pr always shows a decreasing trend for the temperature and velocity profile. Velocity decreases by growing φ due to increasing the viscosity of nanofluid with φ. The thermal conductivity is improved by increasing φ, so that temperature distribution is increased. This study has numerous applications in thermal engineering.

Heat Transfer Analysis of Sisko Fluid Flow over a Stretching Sheet in a Conducting Field with Newtonian Heating and Constant Heat Flux

The present study investigates the steady three-dimensional flow of a Sisko fluid over a bidirectional stretching sheet under the influence of Lorentz force. Heat transfer effects have been carried out for constant heat flux and Newtonian heating systems. The transformed governing equations of the flow model are solved by using the spectral relaxation method (SRM), taking into account similarity transformations. The effects of controlling parameters on flow and derived quantities have been presented in the form of graphs and tables. Numerical benchmarks are used to characterise the effects of skin friction and heat transfer rates. It is noticed that in the case of Newtonian heating, the rate of heat transfer is higher than that in the constant heat flux case. As the stretching parameter increases, the fluid temperature decreases in both Newtonian heating and constant heat flux. It was discovered that successive over (under) relaxation (SOR) approaches will considerably boost the convergence speed and stability of the SRM system. The current findings strongly agree with earlier studies in the case of Newtonian fluid when the magnetic field is absent.

Oblique rotational dynamics of chemically reacting tri-hybridized nanofluids over a suddenly moved plate subject to Hall and ion slip currents, Newtonian heating and mass fluxes

The hydro-thermodynamical performance and efficiency of exceedingly sensitive systems is a significant issue in many engineering and scientific processes in the present day. Nanomaterials that have undergone hybridization exhibit novel properties that make them useful in various engineering contexts. Compared to hybridized nanofluid (HNF) and nanofluid (NF), a tri-hybridized nanofluid (THNF) is a novel concept in the field of investigation that provides a more efficient rate of heat transmission. Impelled by these, we quest to explore the dynamism of a non-Newtonian water-ethylene glycol mixture (vol.60–40 %) based tri-hybridized nanofluid (Cu–Ti O2-A l2O3/WEG) on an oblique plate with ramped motion in the attendance of Hall and ion-slip currents, Darcy's porous resistance, heat radiation, chemical reaction, Newtonian heat and mass fluxes in a magneto-rotating environment. The partial differential equations (PDEs) portraying the physical problem are set up via physical hypotheses and constraints. The subsequently obtained non-dimensional PDEs are unsteady, addressed by the Laplace transform method analytically. The physical effects of significant emergent factors, the accompanying flow patterns, and the assessment of industrial relevance are executed and thoroughly explained using a variety of graphics and tables. Our analysis proves a sharp upsurge in the resultant velocity over higher variations of Hall and ion-slip parameters. Increasing estimations of chemical reacting factor and NPs' volume fractions significantly deteriorate the mass transfer rate, while reversal conduct is prevailed due to Newtonian mass flux. Additionally, comparatively lower mass transmission for tri-hybridized nanofluid is documented than hybridized nanofluid. Our modelling could be applicable in industrial processes, dynamics of nano-polymers, hybrid nano-lubricants used in heat management systems, etc.

Numerical study of thermal enhancement in ZnO-SAE50 nanolubricant over a spherical magnetized surface influenced by Newtonian heating and thermal radiation

ApplicationsThermal conductivity of nanomaterials potentially contributes in heat transport applications. Due to heat absorbing and cooling characteristics, nanoparticles broadly use in environmental engineering, solar plates, computational chemistry, chemical engineering and thermal engineering etc. Thus, it is substantial to identify the nanomaterials with effective heat generating or absorbing properties which have variety of applications in mechanical engineering. Purposeand Methodology: The main focus of this study are to introduce a nanofluid model using ZnO-SAE50 nanolubricant under additional effects of solar thermal radiations, magnetic field and resistive heating. This parametric study will help to maintain the temperature under various ranges of physical parameters which has broad applications in many engineering disciplines. The achieved model analyzed through numerical approach and comprehensive analysis provided in the view of furnished results. Major findingsInvestigation of the results provided that the heat transport is maximize using ZnO-SAE50 nanolubricant while; conventional SAE50 is not good to achieve desired heat transfer rate. Solar thermal radiations and dissipation effects positively act on the temperature role of ZnO-SAE50.

Significance of Cattaneo-Christov heat flux model and heat generation/absorption with chemical reaction in Walters’ B fluid via a porous medium in the presence of Newtonian heating

ABSTRACT This study investigates the Walters’ B fluid in two-dimensional boundary layer flow through a porous medium of an exponentially stretching sheet. In the face of Newtonian heating, the Cattaneo-Christov heat flux model which expresses the thermal relaxation time is examined together with heat generation/absorption for the heat equation. The resulting equations of the model are resolved into non-dimensional forms, which are further performed by the Homotopy Analysis Method. The key findings along with the result obtained demonstrated that the Cattaneo-Christov heat flux which depicts the thermal relaxation time makes low the temperature field, indicating that the neighbouring particles crave for more time for the heat to fall deeper, while heat generation/absorption, as well as Newtonian heating, permit the quick infiltration of thermal sequel to the quiescent fluid which in turn aids the dryness of the materials. Meanwhile, the variation in local Weissenberg number triggers viscoelasticity whose application is crucial for the processing of the polymer in industries and other related disciplines.

MHD gyrating stream of non‐Newtonian modified hybrid nanofluid past a vertical plate with ramped motion, Newtonian heating and Hall currents

AbstractIn this modern era, the thermal efficiency of susceptible systems is a major concern in many scientific and technical operations. Hybridized nanomaterials have innovative behaviours, which make them significant in various applications. Hybrid nanofluids (HNFs) are primarily utilized to address heat transfer concerns efficiently. Keeping view of these facts, the main motive of the current investigation is to address the critical role of magnetohydrodynamics with Hall currents on a time‐dependent gyrating stream of non‐Newtonian modified hybrid nanofluid (MHNF) with Casson fluid model past a vertically fluctuating plate with ramped motion, and Newtonian heating in a porous environment. As a counter‐example to Casson fluid, sodium alginate (SA) is considered. Graphite oxide, alumina and copper oxide nanoparticles are dispersed in the host fluid (SA) to constitute a MHNF. Thermal transportation is analysed under the physical consequence of thermal radiation. Darcy's law is utilized to counterfeit the porous medium's resistance in the flow field. The modelled problem is initially expressed in terms of physical conditions and partial differential equations (PDEs). The resulting dimensionless PDEs are solved analytically by dint of the Laplace transform technique. The physical consequences of significant physical and geometrical parameters on the profiles of associated flow quantities of industrial concern are visualized and explained in‐deep via several graphs and tables. Our simulation reveals that the fluid motion is noteworthy amended due to the existence of Coriolis and Lorentz forces with Hall currents. Hall currents and Darcian drag force have a dominating attribute on the primary shear stress, while they expose a positive response to the secondary shear stress. Comparative analysis suggests that the heat migration rate at the plate is superior for MHNF due to higher thermal conductivity than usual HNF. The ongoing research is relevant to hybrid nanolubricants in thermal management systems, dynamics of nanopolymers, industrial procedures and so forth.

Thermal investigation into the Oldroyd-B hybrid nanofluid with the slip and Newtonian heating effect: Atangana–Baleanu fractional simulation

The significance of thermal conductivity, convection, and heat transportation of hybrid nanofluids (HNFs) based on different nanoparticles has enhanced an integral part in numerous industrial and natural processes. In this article, a fractionalized Oldroyd-B HNF along with other significant effects, such as Newtonian heating, constant concentration, and the wall slip condition on temperature close to an infinitely vertical flat plate, is examined. Aluminum oxide (Al2O3) and ferro-ferric oxide (Fe3O4) are the supposed nanoparticles, and water (H2O) and sodium alginate (C6H9NaO7) serve as the base fluids. For generalized memory effects, an innovative fractional model is developed based on the recently proposed Atangana–Baleanu time-fractional (AB) derivative through generalized Fourier and Fick’s law. This Laplace transform technique is used to solve the fractional governing equations of dimensionless temperature, velocity, and concentration profiles. The physical effects of diverse flow parameters are discussed and exhibited graphically by Mathcad software. We have considered 0.15≤α≤0.85,2≤Pr⁡≤9,5≤Gr≤20,0.2≤ϕ1,ϕ2≤0.8,3.5≤Gm≤8, 0.1≤ Sc ≤0.8, and 0.3≤λ1,λ2≤1.7. Moreover, for validation of our present results, some limiting models, such as classical Maxwell and Newtonian fluid models, are recovered from the fractional Oldroyd-B fluid model. Furthermore, comparing the results between Oldroyd-B, Maxwell, and viscous fluid models for both classical and fractional cases, Stehfest and Tzou numerical methods are also employed to secure the validity of our solutions. Moreover, it is visualized that for a short time, temperature and momentum profiles are decayed for larger values of α, and this effect is reversed for a long time. Furthermore, the energy and velocity profiles are higher for water-based HNFs than those for the sodium alginate-based HNF.

Time-Dependent Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) Flow of an Exothermic Arrhenius Fluid in a Vertical Channel with Convective Boundary Condition

The current study examined the effects of magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) on time-dependent mixed convection flow of an exothermic fluid in a vertical channel. Convective heating and Navier’s slip conditions are considered. The dimensional nonlinear flow equations are transformed into dimensionless form with suitable transformation. For steady-state flow formations, we apply homotopy perturbation approach. However, for the unsteady-state governing equation, we use numerical technique known as the implicit finite difference approach. Flow is influenced by several factors, including the Hartmann number, Newtonian heating, Navier slip parameter, Frank-Kamenetskii parameter, and mixed convection parameter. Shear stress and heat transfer rates were also investigated and reported. The steady-state and unsteady-state solutions are visually expressed in terms of velocity and temperature profiles. Due to the presence of opposing force factors such as the Lorentz force, the research found that the Hartmann number reduces the momentum profile. Fluid temperature and velocity increase as the thermal Biot number and Frank-Kamenetskii parameter increase. There are several scientific and infrastructure capabilities that use this type of flow, such flow including solar communication systems exposed to airflow, electronic devices cooled at room temperature by airflow, nuclear units maintained during unscheduled shutoffs, and cooling systems occurring in low circumstances. The current findings and the literature are very consistent, which recommend the application of the current study.

The planetary boundary layer physical processes, the secondary thermal baroclinic circulation and inertial oscillation contribution to diurnal variation of the Etesian winds over the Aegean Sea

Etesian winds constitute an important climatological phenomenon, which does not only moderate the heat during the summer in the Aegean Sea, but provides a source of clean renewable energy as well. Even though several papers have attempted to explain their dynamical and physical characteristics, the respective processes that drive the diurnal variation of the wind speed are not fully understood. The objective of this paper is to identify the processes responsible for diurnal variation with observed maximum wind speed around noon and minimum around midnight. Analytical solutions of a primitive equation set in Eulerian form, after introducing suitable conditions and approximations, reveal an inertial oscillation over the Aegean Sea. Data based on direct observations, ECMWF IFS high resolution analyses and high-resolution simulations with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model are utilized to find out the type and structure of the planetary boundary layer (PBL) over the Aegean Sea. This PBL appears to be of a marine character and turbulent mostly during the day but less during the night. The direct impact of local and regional thermally-driven circulations is found to be the main cause of the diurnal variation of the observed wind and partly the inertial oscillation. Results from numerical simulations certify these findings. Furthermore, the momentum and Newtonian heating exchanges by the physical processes inside the PBL, where the gradient wind together with smaller scales of atmospheric motions exist, are also necessary for explaining the variability of the Etesian winds.

Computational framework of hydrodynamic stagnation point flow of nanomaterials with natural convection configured by a heated stretching sheet

AbstractThis communication studies the importance of convective heat transfer is intensified remarkably in various disciplines of modern engineering sciences and technological development such as heat exchangers, refrigeration, air conditioning, food processing, damage to crops, and many more. The main focus of this study is to develop mathematical modeling of the 2D stagnation point flow of configured by an extended heated stretchable sheet subject to nonlinear thermal radiation with the revised nanofluid model. Moreover, the influence of Newtonian heating, MHD flow, and Brownian movement features are invoked for analysis. The essential nonlinear PDEs of this assessment are modeled with the aid of boundary layer theory and then renovated into nonlinear ODEs by invoking appropriate similarity solutions with help of MATHEMATICA 11.0 programming language. The physical insight of relevant flow parameters is highlighted through graphical illustration. Finally, this investigation greatly impacts engineering and industrial applications of the materials, mainly in geophysical and geothermal systems, storage devices, space science, and several other disciplines.

Effects of Newtonian heating and heat generation on magnetohydrodynamics dusty fluid flow between two parallel plates

Dusty fluids are utilized to minimize heat in systems like gas-freezing systems and nuclear-powered reactors, among other places. The present study aims to investigate the effect of Newtonian heating on dusty fluid flow. Between two parallel plates, the two-phase MHD fluctuating flow of the dusty fluid is considered. The dust particles inside the fluid are thought to be spherical and uniformly distributed. The generation and absorption of heat were also taken into consideration. The motion of the fluid is due to the motion of the right plate with free stream velocity Ut. Partial differential equations are utilized to represent the flow regime. The Poincare-Light Hill Technique is used to find exact solutions. The impact of parameters on the temperature and velocity profiles are shown graphically. Skin friction and rate of heat transfer, two essential fluid parameters for engineers, are also evaluated in tabular form. The velocity of the fluid is shown to decrease with increasing magnetic field. The Newtonian heating phenomena has an effect on the plate’s heating.

Comprehensive Investigation of Thermal and Flow Features of Alloy Based Nanofluid Considering Shape and Newtonian Heating Effects via New Fractional Approach

The core purpose of this work is the formulation of a mathematical model by dint of a new fractional modeling approach to study the dynamics of flow and heat transfer phenomena. This approach involves the incorporation of the Prabhakar fractional operator in mathematical analysis to transform the governing system from a conventional framework to a generalized one. This generalized model evaluates the improvement in thermal efficacy of vacuum pump oil because of the inclusion of aluminum alloy nanoparticles. The flow of the under-observation nanofluid starts due to the combined effects of natural convection and the ramped velocity function at the boundary. Meanwhile, an analysis of the energy equation is conducted by taking the Newtonian heating mechanism into consideration. The characteristics of platelet-, brick-, cylinder-, and blade-shaped alloy nanoparticles are incorporated into the primary system using shape-dependent relations for thermal conductivity and viscosity. Both the classical and generalized models are solved to derive the exact solutions by first inserting some dimension-independent quantities and then operating the Laplace transform on the succeeding equations. These solutions are utilized for the development of graphical illustrations to serve the purpose of covering all features of the problem under consideration. Furthermore, changes in energy and flow functions due to the dominant influences of the relevant contributing factors are delineated with appropriate physical arguments. In addition, the numerical results of the skin friction coefficient and Nusselt number are displayed via multiple tables to analyze the disturbance in shear stress and discuss the contribution of the fractional parameters, the volume concentration of the considered nanoparticles, and the shape factor in the boost of the thermal potential of the considered nanofluid. The findings imply that aluminum alloy nanoparticles have the ability to produce a 44% enhancement in the thermal effectiveness of vacuum pump oil. Moreover, the flow velocity is reduced as the loading range of the nanoparticles rises.

Exploration of Newtonian Heating, Viscous Dissipation Effects on MHD Mixed Convection Flow of Williamson Fluid Against Radially Stretched Penetrable Wedge: A Numerical Study

An investigation on framing the features of Newtonian heating, suction/blowing, viscous dissipation on magneto hydrodynamic mixed convective Williamson fluid flow over a porous stretching wedge that is influenced by thermal radiation. The con-temporary model is employed to simulate the non-Newtonian behavior of fluid over porous wedge which stretches faster or slower than free stream velocity. Practical applications of wedge flow are drug delivery, cancer treatment, biotechnology and biomedicine. Initially, the major partial differential equations are transformed into ordinary differential equations via a suitable set of similarity transformation and then solved by the developed bvp4c algorithm in MATLAB. A comprehensive analysis of definite parameters on the profiles of velocity, temperature, [Formula: see text], and skin friction coefficient is explained and scrutinized. The results indicate that elaboration in [Formula: see text] and We shows a decline in velocity profile at [Formula: see text] but an opposite trend for [Formula: see text]. However, temperature increases for both [Formula: see text]. Furthermore, (at [Formula: see text]), an augmentation in Pr results in uphill local Nusselt number. The consequences of the present exploration are compared with the existing works in specific situations and more agreement has been perceived.

Dusty Casson Fluid Flow containing Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes with Aligned Magnetic Field Effect over a Stretching Sheet

Two-phase flow is the mutual interaction between solid and fluid phases which encountered in real life applications, such as sedimentation, blood flow, water pollution, fluidized bed and to name a few. In the theoretical study, this binary mixture is represented by partial differential equations that denotes its physical properties of all phases. Therefore, the interaction between three important elements over a stretching sheet is examined in this study where the focus is on Casson fluid, single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and dust particles. Moreover, the aligned magnetic field effect and Newtonian heating (NH) are associate together to influence the flow region. In order to generate the results, the equations that governed the current model must therefore employ the similarity variables to produce the ordinary differential equations. Formulation of the problem is then continued by solving the resulting equations using Runge-Kutta Fehlberg (RKF45) method. Significant outputs for considered parameters are presented through graph. It is found that, the growing effect of fluid-particle interaction particle decreases the fluid phase distribution which contributes to the opposite trend in dust phase.

Inspecting heat transport phenomenon in the flow of non-Newtonian fluid in the presence of Newtonian heating and inclined slip: fractional derivative framework

A fractional model is considered to the present thermodynamic aspect of heat and fluid flow of second-grade fluid with a porous medium. The mixed convection features and inclined directional magnetic force are also enrolled. The convective thermal constraints are utilized for assessing the heat transfer properties. The erect vertical with the porous medium induced the flow. Two fractional approaches, Caputo-Fabrizio (CF) and Caputo-time algorithms, are utilized for the computation of analytical tasks. The integration is facilitated with the Laplace technique. Stehfest and Tzou’s techniques are used for evaluating the Laplace inverse transformation. The physical parameters’ contribution to altering the velocity and temperature profile is justified. It is noted that velocity and temperature profiles decrease for the non-singular parameters. More decrement in velocity and temperature profiles is associated with the Caputo-time model.

Numerical Examination of Free Convection Flow of Casson Ternary Hybrid Nanofluid across Magnetized Stretching Sheet Impacted by Newtonian Heating

Numerical Examination of Free Convection Flow of Casson Ternary Hybrid Nanofluid across Magnetized Stretching Sheet Impacted by Newtonian Heating

Analytical Solutions for Fractional Caputo-Fabrizio Casson Nanofluid on Riga Plate with Newtonian Heating

Introduction of fractional derivatives to the mechanics of fluid flow is relatively new. Even though the exact geometrical representations of fractional derivatives on fluid mechanics have not been discovered, recent literatures have proven that it is a paradox that will be useful in the future. Meanwhile, Riga plates are actuators that is convenient for controlling the velocity of fluid flows. Widely used in the field of marine engineering, the properties of fluid flowing over Riga plates are worth investigating. Thus, the aim of this study is to investigate the analytical solutions of an unsteady incompressible Casson nanofluid flowing over a Riga plate with presence of Newtonian heating. Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) water was used as a prime example of Casson fluid with Copper-Oxide (CuO) nanoparticles. Coupled with a non-Newtonian fluid, the Casson fluid, and the Caputo-Fabrizio fractional derivative, the analytical solutions obtained will be beneficial in the engineering world as a tool for validating experimental and numerical studies. Through this study, analytical solutions were obtained and the profiles of both velocity and temperature of fluid with variations in parameters were investigated. It is observed that variations in the fractional derivative parameter produces a spectrum of solutions that abides the initial and boundary conditions set. An amplification of the modified Hartmann number increases both the velocity and temperature profiles, while an amplification of the nanoparticle volume fraction decreases the velocity profile but increase the temperature profile.

Caputo–Fabrizio fractional model of MHD second grade fluid with Newtonian heating and heat generation

In this research article the heat transfer of generalized second grade fluid is investigated with heat generation. The fluid flow is analyzed under the effects of Magneto hydrodynamics over an infinite vertical flat plate. The Newtonian heating phenomenon has been adopted at the boundary. For this purpose the problem is divided into two compartments i.e. momentum equation and energy equations. Some specific dimensionless parameters are defined to convert the model equations into dimensionless system of equations. The solutions for dimensionless energy and momentum equations are obtained by using the Laplace transform technique. From obtained results by neglecting magneto hydrodynamic effects and heat source some special case are achieved which are already published in literature. The case for which the fractional parameter approaches to the classical order is also discussed and it has been observed that it is convergent. Finally, the influences of different physical parameters are sketched graphically. It has been observed that for increasing values of Prandtl number the velocity and temperature decreases, for increasing values of Grashof number the velocity of the fluid increases. Also it has been investigated that for increasing values of fractional parameter the velocity and temperature of the fluid increases.

The inclined surface flow of hybrid nanofluid with Newtonian heating and general velocity flow constraints: the Prabhakar model

The attention of researchers toward hybrid nanofluids is recently observed due to the impressive thermal consequences of hybrid nanoparticles. For enhancing the thermal significance, the water base fluid is used with the decomposition of hybrid nanoparticles. However, the thermal improvement in the Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC)-based fluid has received less attention. The motivations for considering Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) are important as it is used in many lubricants. Therefore, the aim of the current investigation is to present a fractional computation-based model for addressing the improved thermal properties of CMC along with human blood by using the single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The flow problem is based on the general velocity flow constraints. The Newtonian heating effects are also treated. The Prabhakar model is used for the computation task. The physical observations for blood-CMC with the decomposition of SWCNTs and MWCNTs are presented.