News Material Research Articles

Using VOA news material through virtual small group discussion on the students’ reading comprehension for university level

This study aims to determine the effect of using VoA News material through Virtual Small Group discussions on students' reading comprehension at the university level. It was carried out by using a quasi-experimental design. The population of this research was the second semester of PGMI-20 STIT AL-Kifayah Riau, Consisting of 222 students. The researcher took 47 students as the research sample, with 23 students as an experimental class in PGMI B-20 and 24 as control class in PGMI A-20. The sample was selected by using purposive sampling techniques. This research instrument was a written test used in the pre-test and post-test. The data were analyzed using a T-test of Independent sample t-test and a paired sample t-test. The study's findings indicated substantial changes in reading comprehension abilities between the experimental and control groups. The experimental group benefited from VOA News Material via Virtual Small Group Discussion.

Hans Georg Gadamer's Hermeneutics for News Anchor

Globalization has a significant impact on increasing the need for information through the media in society. Television is one of the means of information that is trusted and easily accessible to the public. News anchors or news anchors on television carry an important role in disseminating information to the public. News anchors are an important part of broadcasting news information on television in realizing pre-planned news show programs. It doesn't stop there, television news anchors play an important capacity in influencing thoughts, persuasion, and shaping public opinion through the information they present to the public. In addition to proper expression and word selection, they are also obliged to deliver news in a language that is easy to understand, and understandable to television viewers. News anchors prepare themselves with information, knowledge, and competence before breaking the news. This paper presents an explanation of how the concept of understanding news texts can be seen from the perspective of Gadamer's hermeneutic philosophy. The research method used in solving the problem is the Hermeneutic analysis of a German philosopher named Gadamer. The news material in a news text is analyzed to bring out a new understanding by the process of mixing two horizons between the text of the news writer and the horizon news anchor along with the theory of communication competence and the study of hermeneutics. Hermeneutics helps news anchors present news well through preconceptions so that there is a melting of horizons and a history of influence that results in an understanding of dialogue or conversation with individuals, groups, and communities in this case the television audience so that a new horizon is reached.

Семантические и функциональные особенности фотокомментария в англоязычном новостном тексте

The study aims to determine the semantic features and functional load of the photo commentary in English-language news texts. The paper examines the role of the photo commentary in the interaction of visual and verbal components of a polycode news text. The work is novel in that it is the first to analyse the semantic relations between the photo commentary and the image, as well as between the photo commentary and the text of a news article, determine the functional features of the photo commentary in news materials. As a result of the study, it has been found that the photo commentary helps to identify and interpret the image, incorporate it into the text of an article content-wise; the types of semantic correlation of the photo commentary with the image and the text, which are based on the relations of logical subordination, intersection and equivalence, have been identified; the most common functions of the photo commentary in the texts under consideration have been described: the explanatory, coherent, informative, distinguishing, expressive, attractive functions, the function of attributing the source of photographic material. One of the important functional features of the photo commentary in news articles is its multifunctionality.

ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ ІНФОГРАФІЧНИХ РЕСУРСІВ У ТЕКСТАХ НОВИН (НА МАТЕРІАЛІ ОНЛАЙН-НОВИН СЛУЖБ BBC І CNN)

The article highlights the use of infographics to effectively present the news material at BBC and CNN web pages. Infographic is a visual representation of information, data and knowledge. The infographic types that are widely used in news texts include maps, different kinds of graphs and charts such as bar/line/pie/column/bubble/gauge/stock/waterfall/flow charts; area/ hierarchy/circuit/tree diagrams; pictographs, timelines. Also, the symbiosis of infographic resources and additional graphic components (images, icons, geometric shapes, colour, numbers, and headers) was taken into account within the scopes of the current research. All of these allow controlling the infographics flow. Both verbal and nonverbal elements are considered to be crucially significant in creating the eye-catching and attention-grabbing infographic picture. Besides, the digital mode and colour play a significant role in presenting the information infographically. Numbers convey large amounts of information briefly and accurately and colour denotes emotionally valuable metaphorical meaning, stylistic and associative properties. The visual and the verbal can be integrated into a single syntagmatic unit. Verbal elements elucidate and decipher the nonverbal symbols, restate the message of the infographic image in a more precise way, distilling just one from the many possible meanings the image might have. Verbal items are represented by means of a single lexeme, a word combination or a simple sentence. Nonverbal components provide the verbal ones with the essential and highly informative visuals by showing the data, presenting many numbers in a small space, making large data sets coherent. They serve a reasonably clear purpose of description, exploration, tabulation and decoration. The visual elements serve as syntax identifying the participants by nonverbal means. Infographic is an effective and powerful tool to explain complex issues in a way that can quickly lead to insight and better understanding by making information easy to digest, educational, and engaging.

THE IMPACT OF SEXUAL VIOLENCE IN THE MEDIA ON MANDAILING NATAL WOMEN

The substance of the news while interpreting the incidents of sexual violence through news content should fulfill the journalistic code of ethics. News of sexual violence in particular, is a news subject that commonly emerges on online media in Mandailing Natal Regency. This research adopts a qualitative method through content analysis of sexual violence news on online media in the Mandailing Natal. The results of this study reveal that the news information released by online media regarding sexual violence has met the norms of journalistic regulations and the journalistic code of ethics. The news also masked the identities of victims of sexual violence. In addition, there were inadequacies in the news material in the form of typos and mixing of facts and opinions. Victims who view news broadcasts of sexual violence are known to have emotional consequences in the form of behavioral and cognitive issues that lead to psychological pressure on victims.

THE GROWTH TRAJECTORY OF UPI-BASED MOBILE PAYMENTS IN INDIA: ENABLERS AND INHIBITORS

"Unified Payments Interface" (UPI), an innovative mobile-based payment system, was introduced by the Government of India to support its digitization initiatives. Not just in India, UPI has expanded globally by being implemented in Bhutan and is on the verge of being launched in ten more countries in north and southeast Asia and, the UAE & Africa. Thus the study examines UPI's growth and significance to the transformation of India's mobile payment systems, its global reach and further expansion. The study consists of two parts, with an initial focus on scholarly literature published in the last five years since the UPI's inception in April 2016. Out of 177 papers, the method yielded 14 notable peer-reviewed publications. Other sources include government policy papers, news materials, and research undertaken by national or international organizations such as Kantar, Statista, ASSOCHAM, Deloitte, Nielson, Ericsson, etc. Despite its early launch, UPI swiftly outperformed all other digital payment methods in India, including mobile wallets. Google Pay, PhonePe and Paytm were early drivers of UPI payments. However, the government-backed Bharat Interface for Money application failed to achieve its potential. Moreover, the Covid-19 pandemic has little impacted the growth of UPI. Another major finding is that transaction failure, and cyber frauds must be addressed for improved UPI uptake, and a greater focus will be on credit and cash withdrawals via UPI. The study concluded that Near field communication-based UPI payments will revolutionize peer-to-merchant payments.

Implication Of Malaysia’s Movement Control Order Towards Online News Reading Preference Among Public University Students

Online news publication had undergone revolutionary changes since the fall of Berlin Wall, 09 November 1989. When Malaysian Government regulated the Movement Control Order (MCO) beginning 18 March 2020 till 03 January 2022 to curb the spread of COVID-19 pandemic, the impact of online news reading became much more significant. This phenomena has brought massive implications to media audience, predominantly among university students – of which, utilizing most of the online news material for their academic references. The online news became major reading materials for the university students in deriving latest information, especially on COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, this study was conducted to identify its implications, news preferences, and satisfaction levels. This purposive random quantitative study had been conducted by disseminating questionnaires via online, due to the restriction of movements. A total of 400 respondents were involved in this study, and interesting findings had been discovered. The study was purposively focused on random public university students within The Klang Valley, due to the fact that students from these universities had been the nation’s catalyst of change ever since. Conclusively, this paper provides significant insights for media practitioners and consumers in developing pertinent strategies for better maneuvering such challenges in our digital future.

ЖУРНАЛИСТИКА, ОСНОВАННАЯ НА ТЕХНОЛОГИЯХ ИСКУССТВЕННОГО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТА

The integration of the Internet in the media has contributed to the emergence of several new types of journalism, such as Robot Journalism, Drone Journalism, Data Science Journalism, etc. Formation of news materials, their attractiveness to the audience and the diversity of the fast dissemination ways of these materials in the society depend, first of all, on the development of advanced information technologies. The expansion of journalism based on advanced information technologies along with traditional journalism, the use of data mining, big data, and artificial intelligence in journalism have created new opportunities in this area. Although journalism of artificial intelligence ensures the requirements of the modern world and successfully solves the problems of the safety of journalists, the rapid collection and dissemination of information, it also has its drawbacks. The fact that journalism of artificial intelligence is far from the emotionality of the news transmitted, as well as the dynamic changes and excessive volumes of the news, indicate the change to be observed in the attitude of readers towards this news in the future. The aim of the study is to examine the influence of the Internet, which is a half century old, on the media as many other areas, as well as to identify existing problems in this area. To this end, the influence of artificial intelligence on modern journalism is studied and its opportunities and problems are identified. The advantages of journalism based on artificial intelligent over traditional one are specified. The study uses empirical and comparative analysis methods.

Methodological analysis of composites Green Polyurethane Resin reinforced with jute fabric

Currently, the scientific community is focusing to develop news materials that shall be environmentally friendly; this mindset is growing and leading to a huge increase in new papers on that effort. The main idea in our research field is to discover new eco-friendly composites that can replace some synthetic originated or non-renewable sources. For this, the castor oil based polyurethane matrix represents an ecologically correct option for the use of polymeric matrices. Moreover, the use of natural fibers instead of synthetic ones makes an even greener composite. This research sought to analyze vegetable polyurethane resin from castor oil as matrix reinforced by jute fabric. The fabric apparent density was determined by Archimedes method, obtaining a value of 2.4 g/cm3. Subsequently, samples of the composite were made in open silicone rubber mold for the charpy impact test and compared with specimens made in a closed metallic mold under pressure. The composites received 0–6 layers of jute fabric. As a result, the better impact resistance was with open mold reached a notch resistance of 226.34 J/m for 2-layer composites. In addition, the values of 3–6 layers in open mold were significantly better than those of closed molds, varying from 20 % up to 174 % better. The pressing step in a closed mold is not necessary; consequently, we saved money and time to manufacture this type of composites, for these purposes.

Perception of environmental information materials by youth audiences: Results of a neuromarketing study

The paper presents the results of using eye-tracking technologies to study news materials on environmental topics collected as stimulus material and classified according to their impact on audience perception. The empirical material of the study came from news websites covering environmental issues. For objectivity, we compared two regional media resources – 74.ru (Chelyabinsk) and Aktobe Times2. We present our analysis of participants’ response to the studied materials and the degree of their influence on the participants’ emotional state and behavioral reactions. The paper also supplements the data obtained from content analysis in previous studies and expands the understanding of this issue. The chosen quantitative and qualitative approach to content research allowed us to determine the semantic and stylistic features of constructing ecotexts, determine their connotative characteristics, and classify them by groups, topics, and categories. The paper also contains survey data contributing to a deeper study of the stated problem and focusing on a detailed study of the audience’s behavioral responses. The survey data allowed us to confirm the expressed hypotheses and highlight the active areas of interest of the youth readership. Alongside the presented conclusions and points of discussion, we expressed the main assumptions highlighting the features of the formation of environmental texts in the news media.

News Coverage of Syrian Kurdish Issues on Arab Satellite Channels

News service is one of the basic constants provided by television، as satellite channels are very concerned to produce news bulletins، thanks to live service via satellite، the world today can live the event at the moment of happening.
 One of the Arab channels that have been proceeding in covering events through its news programs، is Al-Arabiya Al-Hadath satellite channel، which، since its founding in 2012، it has sought to develop its human and technical capabilities، in a way that enables it to be distinctive and attract a largest number of audiences، in light of the frantic competition between Arab satellite channels، to win the lead in this field
 In his study، the researcher addressed، covering news of Syrian Kurdish issues on Al-Arabiya Al-Hadath channel، taking from the main news bulletins about Syrian issue، as a matter for his research (study).
 This research is descriptive، it adopted a content analysis form to reach the goals it seeks to achieve، and the collection of this research is all news materials in news bulletins of Al-Arabiya Al-Hadath channel regarding the Syrian issue، the Syrian revolution and Syrian Kurds issues، after 2011، which consists of (142) articles، from 19-10-2020 to 19-01-2021، that is، for a period of three consecutive months.

What Constitutes Disinformation? Disinformation Judgment, Influence of Partisanship, and Support for Anti-Disinformation Legislation

This study examines people’s judgment of what constitutes disinformation, how partisanship shapes such judgment, and how broadness of disinformation judgment relates to perceptions of the disinformation problem and support for anti-disinformation legislation. Analysis of a Hong Kong survey shows that many citizens are willing to treat a wide range of problematic news materials as disinformation. Partisans tend to treat counter-attitudinal materials as disinformation, but the influence of partisanship can be reduced by the norm of evenhandedness. Besides, broadness of disinformation judgment—especially anti-government disinformation judgment—relates positively with the perceived severity and impact of disinformation and support for legislation.

Языковая актуализация авторской личности в англоязычном новостном дискурсе (на материале портала BBC News)

Scientific novelty of the paper lies in conducting an in-depth study and providing a description of the observed patterns and correlations in the use of various explicit and implicit means of the English language in the English-language news discourse. The work aims to outline the main means of the English language that explicitly or implicitly reflect the author’s personality in the media discourse. The research findings confirm the hypothesis that authors of news articles and the means of expressing the author’s standpoint used when presenting news material in the English-language media space are politically biased. Authors of modern English-language articles appear to be constructs of the news discourse, which proves the fact that the news discourse is implicitly and explicitly determined by the categories of evaluativity and emotivity.

THE ROLE OF LANGUAGE IN NEWS DISCOURSE

In the article, first of all, the concepts of fact and accurate information are disclosed that make up the text of the news. Because an event worthy of news status should be taken as fact. Otherwise, high-quality media will refuse to distribute the material. In addition, it is very important to accurately convey the fact to the public. That is, the maximum proximity of the prepared material to the event accepted as fact increases the accuracy of the information. First of all, a journalist needs to have a perception of the event, to have sufficiently comprehensive information, to correctly understand reality, to have impartiality, objectivity and a sufficient lexical and grammatical base to express his formed opinion. The article also analyzes the important points to pay attention to in the choice of words and sentences in the preparation of news material, depending on the type of media. Thus, different ways of delivering information in different media also have an impact on news materials. For example, the simplicity and clarity of words, the size, and structure of sentences are approached differently, depending on whether the real audience is a reader, listener, or viewer.

The Political Influence Pattern of the “Eurasia Central Region”Based on Syria and Ukraine Events

Due to geopolitical factors, Eurasia is at the center of gravity in international relations and has become the core area of the game of great powers. Focusing on the Syrian and Ukrainian issues, we conduct event research by looking for relevant literature and news materials, and organize and analyze the theme of international organization meetings dedicated to solving these two issues. By creating complex networks, we use quantitative data to analyze the geopolitical forces in central Eurasia and reflect the evolution of the political landscape in the region. We have found that: First, Eurasia is still the center of geopolitics in the world, and the status of land-powered countries will rise. Second, the geopolitical structure of the Eurasian center has begun to take shape as a quadrilateral relationship between the United States and its Asia-Pacific allies (Japan and Australia), the European Union, Russia, and China. Third, the political influence of the United States in Eurasia is declining and its hegemonic status is weakening. China’s political influence has gradually increased, and Russia’s geopolitical influence has declined significantly. The study, on the one hand, clarifies the evolution of the political landscape of the region and gives the reader a clear idea of the involvement of geopolitical forces. On the other hand, it provides some guidance for the future development of the Eurasian countries, especially China.

Towards the Detection of Fake News on Social Networks Contributing to the Improvement of Trust and Transparency in Recommendation Systems: Trends and Challenges

In the age of the digital revolution and the widespread usage of social networks, the modalities of information consumption and production were disrupted by the shift to instantaneous transmission. Sometimes the scoop and exclusivity are just for a few minutes. Information spreads like wildfire throughout the world, with little regard for context or critical thought, resulting in the proliferation of fake news. As a result, it is preferable to have a system that allows consumers to obtain balanced news information. Some researchers attempted to detect false and authentic news using tagged data and had some success. Online social groups propagate digital false news or fake news material in the form of shares, reshares, and repostings. This work aims to detect fake news forms dispatched on social networks to enhance the quality of trust and transparency in the social network recommendation system. It provides an overview of traditional techniques used to detect fake news and modern approaches used for multiclassification using unlabeled data. Many researchers are focusing on detecting fake news, but fewer works highlight this detection’s role in improving the quality of trust in social network recommendation systems. In this research paper, we take an improved approach to assisting users in deciding which information to read by alerting them about the degree of inaccuracy of the news items they are seeing and recommending the many types of fake news that the material represents.

ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЯ ПРИЙОМІВ ІНФОТЕЙНМЕНТУ В КОНТЕНТІ ВСЕУКРАЇНСЬКИХ ТЕЛЕКАНАЛІВ

<p><strong><em>The purpose</em></strong><em> of the article is to study the ways of transforming infotainment techniques that are currently used in news stories and news broadcasts of all-Ukrainian TV channels.</em></p><p><strong><em>The methodology </em></strong><em>of this study </em><em>is determined based on the objectives of this study and includes: study and generalization of theoretical understanding of the phenomenon of infotainment in scientific literature; the use of the abstract-analytical, inductive-deductive, comparative method for structuring theoretical material, as well as methods of analysis and synthesis (necessary when working with news content), a descriptive method, which was used in the analysis of information technology techniques in news journalism.</em></p><p><strong><em>The results</em></strong><em> of the study are a description of the methods of infotainment, as well as the determination of the prospects for its development. It was determined that in Ukraine, infotainment in its most complete form exists in two formats: information and entertainment (morning shows, author’s news TV programs) and informational and publicistic (news releases, various journalistic investigations and journalistic projects).</em></p><p><em>At the same time, in a practical aspect, infotainment is in the process of constant transformation, creating new forms of not only supplying, but also receiving information. In this regard, infotainment is a series of techniques that together form the phenomenon under study itself, transforming it into a social and communicative phenomenon that determines the form and content of modern television news discourse.</em></p><p><em>Thus, to the elements of </em><strong><em>novelty</em></strong><em> in this article, we refer to the classification and description of the existing forms of presentation of news materials that have arisen as a result of the transformation of infotainment, as well as the determination of ways of its further development in the Ukrainian news television space.</em></p><p><strong><em>Key words:</em></strong><em> infotainment, news, transformation, techniques, finishing, event action, shock, standards, moral norms.<strong></strong></em></p>

Экранное пространство в полиракурсном построении сложносоставного телевизионного кадра

The relevance of this research is connected with the technical revolution that is unfolding in the field of electronic mass media, in particular, television. There appear new forms of presenting visual information, as well as many opportunities and tasks for those creating the television image. The principles of modeling the visual reality of the television frame are becoming increasingly complex, as compared to several decades ago. How to find an effective compositional, coloristic and expository balance between several images simultaneously presented on the screen and correctly weave the visual fabric of a television frame? What is a multi-angle shot and non-spatiality? Why do we have to deal with multi-scale and time-diversity in a frame? In this article, the importance of studying multi-angle visualization of reality in the discourse of screen space is highlighted. The author aims at analyzing a viewer’s position in front of the screen and their priority order of image viewing, like a straight splice of television shots, but within a multi-screen. Additionally, he describes the functionality of a simultaneous display of an action shot from different angles and provides examples of multi-vector screen time within a single frame when modeling an image by different technical means. The article discusses the principles of image projection and acquisition of properties of an object of augmented screen reality by an element of additional visualized information. The analysis of the visual multilayer structure of screen space has both theoretical and practical significance. In theoretical terms, it provides definitions of a multi-angle shot, non-spatiality, multi-scale, and time-diversity and specifies the properties of these concepts. Its practical value lies in studying the feasibility of creating screen space in a modern media environment. The author brings intermediate results of research the main focus of which is the study of the visual structure of screen space in television news material.

ТЕЛЕОБРАЗ УКРАИНЫ КАК ЗЕРКАЛО РОССИЙСКОЙ ПОЛИТИЧЕСКОЙ САМОСТИ НА ЭТАПЕ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ СОВРЕМЕННОЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЙ ПОЛИТИКИ ИДЕНТИЧНОСТИ

The mass protests in Russia in 2011-2012 prompted the authorities to search for what later became known as “spiritual bonds”. One of the “spiritual bonds” is the idea of brotherhood with the post-Soviet peoples. Among them Ukraine and Belarus - are the closest choice, and if Belarus is relatively stable in relation to Russia, Ukraine is mobile. For now the Ukrainian theme dominates in television discourse. We can trace the role of the image of Ukraine at the formation stage of a modern communication strategy using content-analysis of news materials of one of the main conductors of the state identity politics - TV channel "Russia 1" at the break of the socalled "protest year" in December 2011 and December 2012. Everything is clear with the image of the enemy and the image of the partner on the Russia 1 TV channel in the year of protest: the United States and the collective West are the embodiment of everything insidious, wrong, China is a role model. The plots about Ukraine, on the other hand, reveal interesting indentitarian strategies and show the subtleties of the state political identity, raising such topics of Russian political identity as the influence of the West, the discourse of a lost power, and the European choice.

Legal Media Discourse: Boundaries, Structure, Categories

The paper considers legal media discourse as a discursive format that arose as a result of the interaction of legal discourse and media discourse. The research is aimed at defining the boundaries, structure and categories of legal media discourse. The material of the research are texts of legal media discourse including analytical articles on legal issues, regulatory legal acts, news materials and other genres implemented within the boundaries of the discursive format under study. The research applies methods of scientific description (systematization and interpretation), discursive analysis, as well as the simulation method. The paper provides an overview of research in the field of legal discourse and media discourse, which helps to get closer to defining the boundaries of the format under study, which represents a promising direction for further research. As a result of the systematization of the theoretical and practical material, the boundaries and structure of legal media discourse are determined. It is established that the boundaries of legal media discourse, which is a hybrid discursive formation, lie within the intersection of legal discourse with media discourse. The resulting discursive space has a field structure (core, periphery) and represents a discourse format that concretizes two types of discourse (legal discourse and media discourse) and is represented in turn by different genres. The article gives the description of the categories of legal media discourse, which is based on the model proposed by V. I. Karasik. The paper reveals typical participants of communication, their possible presuppositions, sphere of functioning, chronotope, goals and strategies, genre organization. The author also discusses the issue of implementing the expressive function in legal media discourse through the use of colloquial and obscene lexemes.