News Frames Research Articles

“Second-class citizens”: framing domestic migrant workers in Vietnamese news media during the fourth wave of COVID-19

This study investigates how domestic migrant workers were framed in Vietnamese news media during the country’s fourth wave of COVID-19. Although the experience of domestic migrant workers in urban settings has been a relevant issue of studies among domestic and international academia, few papers have looked at migrant workers from the perspective of communication and media study. In an attempt to fill this knowledge gap, 239 news articles about migrant workers taken from three major Vietnamese online newspapers from April 27 to December 31, 2021, were content analyzed to understand how migrant workers were portrayed in the news media. Five generic news frames, (i) Economic consequences, (ii) Conflict, (iii) Human interest, (iv) Morality, and (v) Attribution of responsibility, were used for coding. It is found that migrant workers were multidimensionally depicted in the media as both pitiful, vulnerable, and helpless victims of the pandemic and objects of blame for new outbreaks, but the “victim” portrayal was more prevalent. Such findings align with previous studies on the framing of outgroups, i.e., immigrants, asylum seekers, and refugees, especially during medical crises.

Türk Dünyasına Yönelik Olarak Yayınlanan Haberlerin Kamu Diplomasisi Bağlamında Analizi

Mass media is one of the primary environments in which public diplomacy, which is seen as a way of creating a positive image of the peoples and intellectuals of different countries and cultural attraction between countries, is maintained. Online news platforms, which are among these tools, are at the center of news production and distribution activities at the international level. While online news platforms allow the execution of journalism activities beyond the boundaries of time and space with their network infrastructure, they are preferred by the readers for reasons such as speed, the structure that allows interaction, easy accessibility and variety of content.The aim of this study are to reveal the framing of the news in Turkmen, Uzbek, Kyrgyz and Kazakh on the TRT Avaz’s website in the context of public diplomacy. In the content analysis for the news in four languages on the TRT Avaz’s website; It has been concluded that general news frames are about human and place interest and responsibility, and news about political/military and cultural public diplomacy are mostly included. In addition, the news intensely conveys monologue and short-term developments to disseminate information about countries.

News frames and differences in their application according to the author’s beliefs. Polish conservative vs. liberal press on the protests against tightening the abortion law

ABSTRACT This article studies the application of framing in press publications concerning the protests against the ruling of the Polish Constitutional Tribunal respecting the legality of abortion. Using the modified method of Semetko and Valkenburg the analysis shows that both liberal- and conservative-leaning journalists employ the same types of frames but do it for different purposes and suggest different interpretations of events to the readers. At the same time, the article looks into the possibility of studying evaluative vocabulary and collective symbols as indicators, which help measure the frames used by authors of journalistic pieces. The analysis of these two elements allows for determining which particular frames serve to substantiate the opinions of the authors and to direct the recipients toward the senders’ desired interpretations. The analysis also makes it possible to reconstruct the images of the protests presented by conservative and liberal press, respectively, thanks to which their attitude toward the situation in Poland between October and December 2020 becomes apparent.

Underrepresented and marginalized: Television news framing of ordinary Arab citizens before the Arab uprisings of 2011

This study applied news framing theory with mixed quantitative and qualitative methods to analyse news items (N = 1348) about ordinary Arabs on Al Jazeera Arabic, Al Arabiya and Nile News TV shortly before the Arab Spring. Results show that ordinary Arab citizen representation was low. Overall, there were significant differences in networks’ framing of ordinary people. Importance, negativity and conflict values dominated the news featuring ordinary citizens. Arab news networks did not provide adequate time for citizens to voice opinions, and limited representation occurred via vox pop, footage and indirect reference. Networks employed negative sentimental framing (protest and rejection, economic problems, victimization, health problems and mistrust in governments) and mainly portrayed citizens of countries undergoing crises and wars. Arab television news should prioritize sharing the opinions, concerns and successes of ordinary Arab people and engage in constructive journalism rather than concentrating on problem frames without offering solutions.

Framing of Covid-19 Pandemic News in Malaysian Local Newspapers

As a reliable means for the public, mass media is a critical medium to be used to disseminate information predominantly in crisis. At the end of 2019, the world faced a new pandemic, later known as the COVID-19 pandemic, after scientists identified the virus that caused this infection. The media coverage of this cause accelerated and became more expansive after the spread of a group of shocking pictures of infected cases who died on the roads and streets due to this disease. People have turned to the mass media to find out what was happening, and at the same time, media outlets interacted differently with this pandemic. In particular, this study seeks to reveal the news framing used by the most popular local newspapers in Malaysia. This study, therefore, examines the five mainframes developed by Semetko & Valkenburg: conflict, attribution of responsibility, human interest, economics, and morality. This sampling involves the News Straits Times and The Star from April 1 to April 10, 2022. This study concludes that both newspapers NST and The Star reported the Covid-19 pandemic with all the five generic frames in this order (attribution of responsibility, human interest, economic frame, morality frame, and conflict frame), where the attribution of responsibility frame is the most used frame, and the conflict frame is the least used in both media outlets, the second significant result in this study concludes that NST used these generic frames more than The Star newspaper. Keywords: News framing, Covid-19, newspapers, News Straits Times, Utusan.

Media Framing of the Israeli Arabic - Speaking Social Media Pages Directed to the Palestinian Audience

In recent years, Facebook and social media, in general, have become an essential and critical platform for Israel to direct its daily messages to all Arabs in general and the Palestinian audience in particular as part of its new digital diplomacy to polish its image among the Palestinian FB users. The Israeli occupation of the Palestinian land made Israel an oppressor state that the Palestinians consider the enemy. Since Israel cares about its public image and hopes to normalise this occupation, it attempted to directly exploit social media to interact with people via modern technology. This qualitative study attempted to analyse four official Israeli official Facebook pages in Arabic, namely 'Avichay Adraee,' 'the Coordinator,' 'ofir Gendelman', and 'Israel Speaks Arabic,' which are primarily directed toward the Palestinians in the occupied territories, and the Arabs in the Middle East, generally. The study collected Facebook posts for 11 months, from February to December 2019, and conducted a content analysis on these pages. The results exhibited in these pages adopted several media frames and strategies to attract and positively influence the Palestinian audience to change their image towards the occupation, become a more cultural and civilised entity, and normalise the occupation as a goal. Keywords: Social media, Facebook, Palestinian-Israeli struggle, framing news, Palestinian image.

Construction of News on the Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic in Online Media Kompas.com and Republika.co.id

This study aims to find out how the online media Kompas.com and Republika.co.id frame news about the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. The theory used is the analysis of the framing model of Zhongdang Pan and Gerald M. Kosicki. This study examines 17 news titles in the Kompas.com media and 14 news titles in the Republika.co.id media for the period between 1 March - 30 April 2020. This study shows the results that related to the impact of Covid-19, both media contain the same theme. news about social and economic impacts, but the Republika.co.id media also includes education and transportation themes. The difference between the two media is that Kompas.com includes more quotes followed by paragraphs reaffirming the sources' quotes. Meanwhile, Republika.co.id has written quite a lot of journalists' descriptions by including quotes from sources that are considered to be corroborating. Media Kompas.com in choosing news titles is clearer so that readers can immediately catch the content of the news, in contrast to Republika.co.id which in choosing titles tends to make readers feel excited about the content of the news. Kompas, which is seen as neutral and republican, which is seen as the majority media, maintains neutrality in reporting the impact of Covid-19.

Construction of News on the Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic in Online Media Kompas.com and Republika.co.id

This study aims to find out how the online media Kompas.com and Republika.co.id frame news about the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. The theory used is the analysis of the framing model of Zhongdang Pan and Gerald M. Kosicki. This study examines 17 news titles in the Kompas.com media and 14 news titles in the Republika.co.id media for the period between 1 March - 30 April 2020. This study shows the results that related to the impact of Covid-19, both media contain the same theme. news about social and economic impacts, but the Republika.co.id media also includes education and transportation themes. The difference between the two media is that Kompas.com includes more quotes followed by paragraphs reaffirming the sources' quotes. Meanwhile, Republika.co.id has written quite a lot of journalists' descriptions by including quotes from sources that are considered to be corroborating. Media Kompas.com in choosing news titles is clearer so that readers can immediately catch the content of the news, in contrast to Republika.co.id which in choosing titles tends to make readers feel excited about the content of the news. Kompas, which is seen as neutral and republican, which is seen as the majority media, maintains neutrality in reporting the impact of Covid-19.

Book Review: The U.S.-China Trade War: Global News Framing and Public Opinion in the Digital Age, by Louisa Ha and Lars Willnat (Eds.)

Book Review: <i>The U.S.-China Trade War: Global News Framing and Public Opinion in the Digital Age</i>, by Louisa Ha and Lars Willnat (Eds.)

‘Like the Oceans We Rise’: News Frames on Youth for Climate

In early 2019, following the example of the Swedish climate activist Greta Thunberg, youth-led climate movements around the world demonstrated massively and persistently for a more ambitious climate policy. News media gave extensive coverage to the climate activists; given that the demonstrations were mostly on school days, public debates on young people’s rights, obligations and political agency were tense and polarized. In this article we take Belgium as a case study and discuss how the Youth for Climate movement was framed in four Dutch-speaking newspapers. Based on an inductive and deductive frame analysis of 126 newspaper articles, we found six frames. Most of the frames tend to challenge persistent views of young people’s political agency, whereas remarkably few support the idea that young people are unfit for politics.

Dope and Deny: A Comparative Study of News Frames in American and Russian Coverage of American and Russian Athletes

This content analysis builds on past studies done on media coverage, rhetorical analyses, and journalistic role enactment by examining American and Russian news publications’ (N = 422) coverage of American and Russian doping scandals between 2013 and 2016. This time frame was selected because it was the height of Lance Armstrong and Major League Baseball doping coverage in the United States and the height of Olympic track-and-field doping coverage in Russia. It also fell between the time the World Anti-Doping Agency ratified its third code, which gave the antidoping organization the authority to conduct independent investigations. The study investigates media framing from the midpoint of the scandal, after the sports persona or sports entity denied using performance-enhancing drugs. Whether American and Russian coverage differ in the use of episodic and thematic frames, where blame is placed, and whether episodic or thematic framing predicts blame placement were all examined. Furthermore, the study investigates both nations’ coverage of “their own” athletes and of athletes from the other nation and analyzes whether or how the rhetorical posture of denial leads to adversarial journalism as a role enactment in coverage of sport-related scandals.

Warwick Blood (1947–2022): a journey in communication research

Warwick Blood (1947–2022) was a leading Australian researcher in the field of Communication and Media Studies whose research focused on the role of the news media in framing public understanding of major social issues such as fear of crime, suicide and mental illness and community perceptions of risk. This article traverses Warwick's research career from his 1981 PhD on agenda setting to his later qualitative research using news frame analysis and ethnomethodology. Warwick's research is positioned within the history of Communication and Media Studies in Australia. We argue his work had a major impact on the practice of journalism and more generally on the study of health communication. His legacy was to forge a path in impactful, collaborative social research that has enabled the flowering of applied media studies and health communication research at a time of critical urgency in both public health and the media industries.

Global media framing, COVID-19 and the issue of vaccination: An empirical inquisition.

Background: This study examined global media framing on issues of vaccination for COVID-19. The framing and media dependency theories were used to understand the potential influence of global media outlets as suppliers of health messages during pandemics. Methods: Content analysis was used to generate qualitative and quantitative data to answer the research questions. The qualitative data provided rich descriptive data about the themes and types of news frames on issues of vaccination for COVID-19, while the quantitative data provided statistical details about the frequency, viewership level and types of news frames on issues of vaccination for COVID-19. Results: The findings of this study showed that conflict and responsibility frames were the predominant frames used to report issues of vaccination for COVID-19. Also, the findings of this study indicated that vaccine safety was the overriding media theme on vaccination issue for COVID-19. Conclusion: The global media serve as suppliers of health communication in developed and developing countries. This study recommended that the global media can spearhead an information campaign to correct misconceptions, misrepresentations and misinformation on issues of vaccination for COVID-19.

Overcoming Black Americans’ Psychological and Cognitive Barriers to Clinical Trial Participation: Effects of News Framing and Exemplars

ABSTRACT This study examines how news features (framing and the use of exemplars) can help overcome two common barriers (psychological and cognitive) impeding Black American participation in clinical trials. In an online experiment, Black participants (N = 390) viewed social media news posts varying in framing (focus on psychological vs. cognitive barriers) and use of an exemplar (present vs. absent and White vs. Black) and then responded to outcome measures including perceived message effectiveness, message attitudes, and intention to participate in clinical trials. The findings illustrate that including a racially matched (i.e. Black) exemplar improves attitudes toward clinical trial messages. Most notably, featuring a race-matched exemplar increases intention to participate in a trial when the messages discuss psychological barriers. These findings enhance our understanding of how messages can be better designed to increase Black American participation in clinical trials, thereby contributing to reducing health inequities and improving health outcomes.

Framing Energy: A Content Analysis of Spanish Press Energy Issue Coverage from an Environmental Approach in the Context of Climate Change

ABSTRACT This study presents four specific news frames concerning the environment (eco-frames) applied to the media coverage of the energy issue. These stem from transnationally available cultural frameworks that serve as interpretative patterns. It examines how three Spanish newspapers (El País, ABC and Público) use the eco-indifferent, eco-efficient, eco-sustainable and eco-radical frames in the reporting of energy issue over ten years (2009–2019). Thus, this study aims to determine the extent to which sources and editorial lines influence frame building. The results of analysing 1095 news items confirm the relationship between the papers’ editorial lines and eco-frames, though what stands out in all the papers is economics-based eco-indifference. In the economy section, neither the main sources (industry) nor the journalists consider the environmental angle while reporting on the energy sector. Energy as an issue is, above all, an economic topic, even in the global context of the fight against climate change. A correlation between a particular type of source and frame was found, thus expanding the understanding of the role sources play as framing devices in journalistic texts. From a constructionist perspective, this work contributes to framing research by linking news frames construction to a repertoire of global cultural echoes.

Analysis of Ahok-Djarot News Framing After the 2017 Jakarta Regional Head Elections at Kompas and Tempo

Kompas and Tempo were one of the national newspapers which highlighted the process of the Governor's Election of DKI Jakarta on 2017. Those both newspapers were doing the framing for the news about the Governor’s Election of DKI Jakarta on 2017 to the readers. This research would focused on the framing analysis for every news about Ahok-Djarot on Kompas and Tempo after the election period, which would be specific for the certain period April 20-May 20 2017. The aim of the research is to conclude about what kind of framing that Kompas and Tempo did for Ahok-Djarot‘s news after the election at that period, to find out about the social construction which Kompas and Tempo designed and made. This research will use the qualitative research method; specifically use the framing analysis model by Zhongdang Pan and Gerald M. Kosicki. The result of this research would show the framing that Kompas and Tempo did is done by choosing the interviewees, choosing the quotes of the interviewees and choosing of the angle of photos which will support the news framing process. The social construction that Kompas made directing the opinions that Ahok is guilty and intentionally defaming religion by his words, it could be seen by the quotes that Kompas chose. In another side, the social construction that Tempo made tried to be neutral and directing the readers there were also another factors that make Ahok verdicted guilty as a defamer of religion and got two years in jail.

The construction of the Chinese image from the perspective of others in the post-truth era——A Frame and Semiotic analysis of BBC’s reports of the Beijing Winter Olympics

News reports are significant for constructing a country’s image in the international community. The frame analysis of Western media coverage of China is quite popular. With the arrival of the Beijing Winter Olympics, which stands as another historical moment in the processing of China’s external image, disputed issues in China have surfaced again in the Western media. In the context of the new media, there still exists a research gap on the new characteristics of Western media when reporting China and the resulting recent changes in China's image. To fill this gap in the literature, based on the semiotic theory and framing theory, this dissertation has selected the 16 reports and their corresponding Twitter comments on the Beijing Winter Olympics which were published by the British news agency BBC in January - February 2022. By utilizing the AntConc to establish corpus and text analysis, it shall investigate from the perspective of others the discourse construction characteristics of Western media and the Chinese image from the three components of communication theme, text content, and audience feedback. The research results have presented that the Western media represented by the BBC cannot eliminate ideological stereotypes in the discourse construction of the "other" (China). The intention of the report is tendentious. Its reporting news frame is based on inherent prejudice and the opinion tendency to incite Public Opinion. Thus, it has resulted in the formation of a Chinese image of “high-pressure coercion” and “ignoring human rights” from the perspective of the other. Therefore, this dissertation adopts China as an example to propose the media cross-cultural international communication strategy of expanding the discourse subject, updating the symbol system and absorbing the folk discourse.

Srikandi Heroin Discourse in Online News Framing Female Ministers of Indonesia

This research is intended to mapping the depiction of the female minister as public officials in Indonesia. Through this research, it is expected to find out how the media package the character of female minister base on announced the composition of ministers in the cabinet. This research uses the framing framework developed by Robert N. Entman. This model is used to describe the selection process and highlight certain aspects of reality by the media. Framing Entman. Define Problems; How can Female Minister problems become an issue? How Economic Nation Impact form Female Minister? Or as a problem?, Diagnose Causes ; What is the reason for being called an female minister figure? What is considered the cause of a problem?, Make Moral judgement ; What moral values are presented to explain. What moral values are used to legitimize an female minister? and the last Treatment Recommendation , What solutions are offered to address female minister? What path is offered and main opinion to Female Minister? . Result of this research are Indonesia Online Media Online Media Frame 5 Female Ministers in Indonesia can be put together, the confirmation of women's success as leaders up to 2x is from the role of the family, the criteria for a leader to be trusted as a minister, trustworthy, competent and qualified in their field, in accordance with community support, supported by predecessor ministers , depicted like Heroine.

The news framing of artificial intelligence: a critical exploration of how media discourses make sense of automation

AbstractAnalysing how news media portray A.I. reveals what interpretative frameworks around the technology circulate in public discourses. This allows for critical reflections on the making of meaning in prevalent narratives about A.I. and its impact. While research on the public perception of datafication and automation is growing, only a few studies investigate news framing practices. The present study connects to this nascent research area by charting A.I. news frames in four internationally renowned media outlets: The New York Times, The Guardian, Wired, and Gizmodo. The main goals are to identify dominant emphasis frames in AI news reporting over the past decade, to explore whether certain A.I. frames are associated with specific data risks (surveillance, data bias, cyber-war/cyber-crime, and information disorder), and what journalists and experts contribute to the media discourse. An automated content analysis serves for inductive frame detection (N = 3098), identification of risk references (dictionary-based), and network analysis of news writers. The results show how A.I.’s ubiquity emerged rapidly in the mid-2010s, and that the news discourse became more critical over time. It is further argued that A.I. news reporting is an important factor in building critical data literacy among lay audiences.

Framing of economic news and policy support during a pandemic: Evidence from a survey experiment

We examine how news outlets’ communication of macroeconomic information affects policy support during the COVID-19 crisis. In our survey experiment based on a representative sample from Germany, respondents are exposed to an expert forecast of GDP growth. Individuals either receive no information, the baseline forecast, or real-world media frames of the same forecast. We find that positive framing of economic growth increases policy support. This effect is stronger for respondents with more pessimistic macroeconomic expectations. Negatively framed economic news are perceived as more credible and hence less surprising in times of recession, not translating into political opinion.