New Ways Of Expression Research Articles

Movimentos Sociais e Grupos de Pressão: Duas Formas de Ação Coletiva

Neste trabalho, faz-se uma discusso terica, comparando a trajetria e a forma de atuao dos movimentos sociais e dos grupos de presso. Esses dois modelos de ao coletiva no costumam ser analisados conjuntamente, pois, do ponto de vista dos especialistas, no possuem o mesmo grau de legitimidade. Argumentamos que, apesar de os movimentos sociais terem trazido poltica brasileira uma nova maneira de expresso e ao, os grupos de presso ganharam legitimidade ao se fortalecerem com o processo de redemocratizao ps-1985. Em razo da mudana no formato de representao de interesses no Brasil, hoje a classe trabalhadora se organiza tanto em movimentos sociais quanto em grupos de presso quando se trata de garantir seus direitos, principalmente no mbito legislativo.

이미지를 활용한 오디오-비쥬얼 시스템 구성

소리를 이용한 정보의 표현 방법은 무형의 특징을 가진 매체를 이용하여 어떠한 방법을 통하여 구체적인 형태를 이끌어 내는가에 대한 문제에서 시작된다. 이 과정에서 소리를 매개체로 이용하여 구성되는 오디오-비쥬얼 시스템은 청각적 소재를 이용한 시각적 표현이라는 방법적 측면에서 감각 기관의 연계에 대한 역할을 맡고 있는 부분에서 청각의 시각화라는 비 구체적 감각에 대한 구체화라는 변형의 의미를 갖는다. 오디오-비쥬얼 시스템 형태를 통한 작품을 표현하는데 있어 기존에 사용되던 프로그래밍을 통한 비규칙적 프로시쥬얼(Procedure)적 동적(動的) 이미지 또는 비동적(非動的) 이미지를 사용한 표현 방법에서 시각적 출력 방법의 제한으로 인한 표현 방법의 제한이 생겨날 수 있는 부분에 있어 동적 이미지를 이용한 오디오-비쥬얼 시스템을 통하여 소리를 매체로 한 다양한 표현 결과물을 이끌어낼 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 동적 이미지를 사용한 오디오-비쥬얼 시스템을 통해 다양한 청각적 소재의 시각화 방법 및 소리를 이용한 애니메이션 표현법의 새로운 대안을 제시한다. With the help of information technology The problem of building a concrete form with a shapeless media is the starting point of presenting information by means of sound. Audio-Visual System using sound as a medium is a method that presents an auditory material visually and has a role of linking different sensory organs. In a sense, Audio-Visual System transfers a non-concrete sensation to a concrete one. Audio-Visual System presentation by late methods using active and non-active images produced by computerized irregular procedures can be limited because of the limited ways of visual output. On the other side, visualization using active images can induce more diverse expressions using sound as a medium. This study suggests a new way of expression in animations using visualization of various auditory materials and sounds built by Audio-Visual System with active images.

Pluralismo e multiplicidades religiosas no Brasil contemporâneo

O artigo apresenta uma visão panorâmica sobre a formação do campo religioso brasileiro desde os tempos coloniais até os dias correntes. Parte de uma visão histórica dos tipos de catolicismo que vicejaram no Brasil colonial e imperial e das suas características que influenciam a religiosidade brasileira até o presente. Passa pelas transformações advindas com a proclamação da República: a separação constitucional da Igreja Católica do Estado e a instituição da liberdade religiosa por este garantida. Acompanha as transformações ocorridas ao longo do século XX, com o estabelecimento de um campo religioso pluralista em que o catolicismo vai, gradualmente, perdendo adeptos para outros grupos religiosos, especialmente, os protestantes pentecostais, sem, contudo, perder a hegemonia. Chega à atualidade, em que essas tendências persistem, mas, além disso, altera-se substancialmente a dinâmica do campo religioso, com a perda de influência das instituições religiosas em conseqüência da subjetivização das crenças e práticas. Desse ponto de vista, o artigo analisa as trajetórias religiosas individuais possibilitadas pelo crescente pluralismo e pela progressiva adesão a duplicidades e mesmo multiplicidades religiosas, que acrescentam novas formas de expressão às tradicionais. Tais processos atingem a quase totalidade dos mutantes religiosos - a exceção é apenas o grupo protestante -, inclusive os católicos retornados após outras experiências de vida religiosa, e envolvem crenças e práticas provindas de fontes religiosas orientais tradicionais e recentes, bem como o esoterismo.

MANGA IN GERMANY – FROM TRANSLATION TO SIMULACRUM

This article does not focus on translation per se but on cultural exchange and intercultural influences as precipitated and mediated by translation. Manga is a prime example for this kind of exchange. With the translation of manga into German and the ensuing popularity, German artists started producing manga of their own. Some of these manga were (and some still are) an amalgam of elements of European comics and Japanese manga and tried to find new ways of expression within the format. Others, however, have all the characteristics of a simulacrum: They look like manga translated from Japanese into German. However, as with every simulacrum, there is no original. In the case of these manga, there is no original Japanese version.

Time for Me: The arts as therapy in postnatal depression

Time for Me describes a creative arts group for mothers with children under two years of age, who were experiencing mild to moderate postnatal depression or anxiety. This paper reports on findings from a small-scale qualitative study designed to explore and evaluate the extent to which the brief intervention of eight weekly sessions of creative arts was able to support these women. Traditionally, severe postnatal depression has been treated with medication or cognitive behavioural therapy and in mild to moderate postnatal depression non-directive counselling ('the listening visit'), extra social and emotional support and group psychological therapies have been used. More recently, the use of complementary therapies in the treatment of depression has been explored and it has been reported that the arts can have positive effects on patients with mental health problems; for example, by helping their relationships, providing new ways of expression and by bringing about behavioural changes. There is, however, limited research relating specifically to postnatal depression and complementary therapies. The study found that the Time for Me programme created a relaxed, safe space which was experienced as supportive by women who participated in the sessions. Work in various areas of mental health care suggests that creative arts can be used to complement conventional therapy and that complementary therapies may a valuable adjunct to conventional interventions for women with postnatal depression and anxiety. It would, however, be naïve to imagine that a brief intervention such as Time for Me could be a solution for women with more severe depression but it does offer an area worth exploring in more detail.

Protectors of Oxidative Stress Inhibit AB(1-42) Aggregation in vitro

Department of Applied Chemistry and Recombinant Protein Expression Center, Sejong University, Seoul 143-747, Korea Received September 23, 2002Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been investigated to have pivotal roles on amyloidogenecity of β-amyloidpeptide (Aβ), the major component of senile plaques in Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain. Addition of radicalscavengers is one of the on-going strategies for therapeutic treatment for AD patients. Hsp104 protein includingtwo ATP binding sites from Saccharomyces cerevisiae , as a molecular chaperone, was known to function as aprotector of ROS generation when exposed to oxidative stress in our previous study. This observation has ledus to investigate Hsp104 protein as a molecular mediator of A β aggregation in this study. We have developeda new way of expression for Hsp104 protein using GST-fusion tag. As we expected, formation of A β aggregatewas protected by wild type Hsp104 protein, but not by the two ATP-binding site mutant, based on Thioflavin-T fluorescence. Interestingly, Hsp104 protein was observed to keep A β from forming aggregates independentof ATP binding. On the other hand, disaggregation of Aβ aggregates by wild type Hsp104 was totallydependent on the presence of ATP. On the other hand, mutant Hsp104 with two ATP binding sites alteredexhibited no inhibition. Another effective antioxidant, hydrazine analogs of curcumin were also effective in A βfibrilization as protectors against oxidative stress. Based on these observations we conclude that Hsp104 andcurcumin derivatives, as protectors of oxidative stress, inhibit Aβ aggregation in vitro and can be candidatesfor therapeutic approaches in cure of some neurodegenerative diseases.Key Words : Hsp104, Antioxidants, Curcumin, Aβ aggregationIntroductionSeveral neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’sDisease (AD), Parkinson Disease (PD) and Huntingtondisease (HD), result from accumulation of damaged proteinsinduced by oxidative stress.