New Species Of Russula Research Articles

Morphological and molecular evidence for a new species of Russula subgen. Compactae from Pakistan

A new species of Russula has been collected from Punjab and Khyber pakhtunkhwa provinces, Pakistan. Russula punjabensis sp. nov. is characterized by grayish purple to grayish red pileus with brittle central region, white lamellae with brown striations, becoming brown at maturity, a rhizoidal base, small (7.48 × 6.64 µm) subglobose to broadly ellipsoid basidiospores as compared to R. acrifolia (7.7 µm), small (34.80 × 4.35 µm) cylindrical to narrowly fusiform pileocystidia and presence of clamp connections in pileipellis. Phylogenetic analysis based on nuclear ribosomal ITS & LSU nucleotide sequences confirm its novelty.

Russulaceae of the Pakaraima Mountains of Guyana 5. Two newly described diminutive species in a novel lineage of the crown clade of Russula (Russulaceae)

Much of our previous work documenting fungal biodiversity in Guyana has been centered in forests of Dicymbe corymbosa Spruce ex Benth., which forms monodominant stands in the white sands region of Guyana. In order to begin to assess fungal biodiversity associated with other ectomycorrhizal host trees found in Guyana, expeditions were conducted to areas containing Dicymbe altsonii and Pakaraimaea dipterocarpacea. In this paper, we describe two new species of Russula from Guyana with diminutive basidiomata: R. lilliputia and R. pakaraimaeae, found in association with these tree hosts, using a combined approach of morphological characterization and molecular analyses. Together with R. gelatinivelata, which we previously described from Guyana, R. lilliputia and R. pakaraimaeae form what appears to be a new lineage within the crown clade of Russula, sister to the subsect. Auratinae. Synapomorphies for the lineage include a pruinose to subtomentose pileus in dry conditions, suprapellis comprised of inflated cells that give rise to long cylindrical or digitate, and sinuous, thin or thick-walled pileocystidia that are strongly emergent, easily disarticulate in microscopic preparations, and have contents that are acid resistant in Basic Fuchsin, pruinose to subomentose patches on the stipe, suprahilar plage on the basidiospores, spore ornamentation of mostly isolated verrucae, and geographic distribution restricted to the Pakaraima Mountains of Guyana. Full descriptions, photos, line drawings of microscopic features, and comparisons with related species are provided.

Three New Species of Russulaceae (Russulales, Basidiomycota) from Southern China.

The characterization of natural fungal diversity impacts our understanding of ecological and evolutionary processes and can lead to novel bioproduct discovery. Russula and Lactarius, both in the order Russulales, represent two large genera of ectomycorrhizal fungi that include edible as well as toxic varieties. Based on morphological and phylogenetic analyses, including nucleotide sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), the 28S large subunit of ribosomal RNA (LSU), the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (RPB2), the ribosomal mitochondrial small subunit (mtSSU), and the translation elongation factor 1-α (TEF1-α) gene sequences, we here describe and illustrate two new species of Russula and one new species of Lactarius from southern China. These three new species are: R. junzifengensis (R. subsect. Virescentinae), R. zonatus (R. subsect. Crassotunicatae), and L. jianyangensis (L. subsect. Zonarii).

Four new species of Russula from the Xizang Autonomous Region and other provinces of China

ABSTRACT Russula is the largest genus in the Russulales and is widespread throughout the world. Almost all Russula species are known to be ectomycorrhizal with high ecological and edible values, and some are lethal poisonous. In this study, four new species belonging to the subgenus Russula crown clade are identified based on morphological and phylogenetic evidence from the Xizang Autonomous Region and other provinces of China. Morphologically, Russula paragraveolens (sect. Polychromae, subsect. Xerampelinae) is mainly characterised by a cherry red to blood red pileus centre, a reddish orange pileus margin; R. pseudograveolens (sect. Polychromae, subsect. Xerampelinae) is characterised by a violet brown to brownish red pileus centre, a pale red to pastel red pileus margin and short basidia; R. shigatseensis (sect. Flavisiccantes, subsect. Lepidinae) is characterised by a brownish orange to madder red pileus centre, pinkish red pileus margin, and having lateral branches or branches of hyphal terminations in pileipellis; R. yadongensis (sect. Tenellae, subsect. Laricinae) is characterised by a dark purplish red pileus centre with brownish purple tints and having isolated to clustered spines of spore ornamentations. Their distinct taxonomic status is confirmed by the positions of the four new species in both the ITS and 4-locus (nucLSU, mtSSU, rpb2, tef1) phylogenetic trees.

A new species of Russula subgenus Russula (Russulaceae, Russulales) from Yanshan Mountains, North China

A new species of Russula subgenus Russula, Russula pseudosinoparva, is described from the Yanshan Mountains in northern China based on morphology and phylogenetic analysis of the nrITS and nrLSU-rpb2-mtSSU-tef1α gene regions. Russula pseudosinoparva is characterized macroscopically by small basidiomata with a dark red to dark pink pileus; lamellae usually forked near the stipe, with a small number of lamellulae; and microscopically by a suprapellis made up of loose and upright hyphae. Phylogenetic and morphological analyses placed the new species in the lineages of subsect. Puellarinae. As well as an illustrated description we provide a key to the species of Russula subgenus Russula distributed in China.

Morphoanatomical and molecular characterization of two new Russula species in Section Ingratae from Pakistan

Two new species in the genus Russula, viz. R. bhurbanensis and R. quercicola collected from coniferous forests in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Punjab provinces, Pakistan are described and illustrated. Russula bhurbanensis is characterized by its large-sized basidiomata with a viscid, orange to dark brown pileus, subglobose to broadly ellipsoid, medium-sized basidiospores having isolated to occasionally fused warts with rare line connections. Russula quercicola is characterized by medium-sized, orange to dark brown, hemispherical to infundibuliform pileus with incurved margins, globose and partially reticulate basidiospores with warts connected in long chains and thicker line connections. Some of the shared morphological features; like centrally depressed, viscous, dark brown pileus with tuberculate striated margins, adnexed lamellae, hollow stipe and unpleasant fotid odor confirm that both species belong to sect. Ingratae (subgenus Heterophyllidia) in Russula. Similarly, phylogenetic analyses of both species based on ITS and LSU sequences also proved their distinctive positions as two new species of Russula.

Two new species of Russula subgenus Heterophyllidia (Russulaceae, Russulales) from Yanshan Mountains, North China

Two new species, Russula pseudopunicea C.L.Hou, G.Q.Cheng & H.Zhou sp. nov. and R. wulingshanensis C.L.Hou, G.Q.Cheng & H.Zhou sp. nov., from Yanshan mountains in North China are described herein based on morphological and phylogenetic analyses of nrITS, and nrLSU-rpb2-mtSSU gene regions. Morphologically, R. pseudopunicea sp. nov. is characterised by a reddish brown, light brown to brownish orange pileus with a greyish yellow margin, subglobose to broadly ellipsoid basidiospores with warts forming a partial reticulum and pleurocystidia turning grey to purplish red in sulfovanillin. Russula wulingshanensis sp. nov. is characterised by a purple pinkish pileus with a grey-white to grey-purple margin, subglobose to broadly ellipsoid basidiospores with isolated warts, and pileocystidia turning black in sulfovanillin. Phylogenetic and morphological analyses resolved the two species in Russula subg. Heterophyllidia. Russula pseudopunicea sp. nov. and R. wulingshanensis sp. nov. were placed in the lineages of subsect. Virescentinae and subsect. Griseinae, respectively.

Morphological Characteristics and Phylogeny Reveal Six New Species in Russula Subgenus Russula (Russulaceae, Russulales) from Yanshan Mountains, North China.

Species of the genus Russula are key components of ectomycorrhizal ecosystems worldwide, some of which are famous edible fungi. Although many new species have been described in China, their diversity in North China is still poorly known. Based on the morphology observation of specimens and molecular phylogenetic analyses, combined with the current classification frame of Russula, six new species of Russula subgenus Russula are proposed from the Yanshan Mountains in northern Beijing and northern Hebei Province of China in this study: viz. Russula miyunensis (subsection Chamaeleontinae), R. plana (subsection Chamaeleontinae), R. sinoparva (subsection Puellarinae), R. sinorobusta (subsection Puellarinae), R. subversatilis (subsection Roseinae), and R. yanshanensis (subsection Puellarinae). This is the first report of the species of Russula subgenus Russula from the Yanshan Mountains. This study enriches the species diversity of Russula in North China and provides new data support for the systematic study of Russula in subsequent research, including research and development on edibility.

A new species, Russula luteolamellata (Russulaceae, Russulales) from China

A new species of Russula subgenus Brevipedum, Russula luteolamellata, is described from the Yanshan Mountains in northern China based on morphology and phylogenetic analysis of the nrITS and nrLSU-RPB2-mtSSU gene regions. Russula luteolamellata is characterized by the yellowish to pale orange pileus, white to yellowish lamella with a few rust-colored spots at the margin, a low density of warts on the basidiospores, and pileocystidia that turn gray in sulfovanillin. Detailed morphological and habitat comparisons of Chinese species in subgenus Brevipedum are given.

Morphology and molecular phylogeny reveal two new species in Russula sect. Ingratae from China

Two new species of Russula are described and illustrated in this paper. Russula clavulus is recognised by a pale yellow pileus centre, white margin with tuberculate striation, white to pale lamellae with small pale yellow spots, white to light yellow spore print, subglobose to broadly ellipsoid spores with short or long ridges and hymenial cystidia on lamellae sides that are mainly subclavate or fusiform. Russula multilamellula is morphologically characterised by the brownish orange to hazel pileus centre and satin white to yellowish-white margin with brownish tinge, lamellulae that are usually irregular in length and often anastomosing with lamellae, subglobose to broadly ellipsoid spores with short or long ridges and clavate hymenial cystidia. The combination of morphological features and multigene phylogenetic analyses of ITS-nrLSU-RPB2-mtSSU data indicated that these two new taxa belong to Russula subg. Heterophyllidia sect. Ingratae.

Three novel species of Russula from southern China based on morphological and molecular evidence

Three new species of Russula collected from southern China are proposed based on morphological characters and phylogenetic analysis of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences. Russula bubalina sp. nov. is characterized by cinnamon buff to pink pileus with striate margin, interveined and forked lamellae, basidiospores with warty ornamentations not forming reticulum, hymenial cystidia becoming brown in sulphovanillin (SV) and slender terminal cells in suprapellis. R. pseudobubalina sp. nov. is closely related to Russula bubalina in macro-morphology, but it can be recognized by its unforked lamellae, shorter cheilocystidia, bigger basidia and basidiospores with lower ornamentations. Russula subatropurpurea sp. nov. can be recognized by the purplish brown pileus, mild-tasted and white context changing to light purplish red with FeSO4, white and forking lamellae without lamellulae, long hymenial cystidia becoming brown in SV. Both morphological and phylogenetic analysis consistently confirmed the distinct positions of three new species in subg. Heterophyllidia subsection Heterophyllinae.

Three new species of Russula from South China

Russula lotus, R. nivalis, and R. purpureoverrucosa are proposed here as new taxa based on morphological and molecular evidences. The new species are described with illustration photographs and line drawings, and compared against related species. Morphologically, R. lotus (subgenus Heterophyllidia, section Heterophyllae, subsection Cyanoxanthinae) is characterized by a medium-sized basidioma with a pale pink to purplish pink pileus whose center area is yellowish white, white to cream white lamellae occasionally forked with lamellulae, a cream white smooth stipe, broadly ellipsoid to ellipsoid basidiospores ornamented with disconnected amyloid warts and inamyloid suprahilar plage, dispersed sulphovanillin (SV)-negative pileocystidia, and the pileipellis with suprapellis cells claw-assembled. Russula nivalis (subgenus Russula, section Russula, subsection Russula) is characterized by a very small pure white basidioma with a pileus 7–12 mm in diameter, abundant clavate pileocystidia and caulocystidia changing purplish red in SV, and broadly ellipsoidal to ellipsoid basidiospores ornamented with strongly amyloid warts and ridges interconnected by fine lines in an uncompleted or completed reticulum, mostly with inamyloid suprahilar plage. Russula purpureoverrucosa (subgenus Incrustatula, section Lilaceinae, subsection Lilaceinae) is characterized by a medium-sized basidioma with a red to grayish magenta pileus slightly areolate in small irregular warts from center to margin, a stipe with the same color and warts as the pileus, white to cream white occasionally forked lamellae with lamellulae, broadly ellipsoidal to ellipsoid basidiospores ornamented with amyloid warts and ridges rarely connected, abundant clavate pleurocystidia covered with thick yellowish incrustations, and the pileipellis with suprapellis cells a typical trichoderm, some of which covered with yellowish incrustations, pileocystidia absent. Phylogenetic analysis of nucleotide sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region provided further evidence that the described species belong to the subsections above respectively, and represent new taxa.

Two new species of Russula from Northeast China

Two new species of Russula from Northeast China

Russula buyckii, a new species of Russula subgenus Incrustatula from Eastern Himalaya, India

Russula buyckii, a new species of Russula (subgen. Incrustatula, sect. Lilaceinae and subsect. Lilaceinae) is described from Eastern Himalaya, India. Its macro- and micro-morphological features are described in detail and compared with those of similar species. Identification and categorization of R. buyckii was supported by the molecular phylogenetic analysis based on the nrDNA ITS sequence data.

A new species of Russula (Russulales) from Eastern Himalaya, India

A new species of Russula (Russulaceae, Basidiomycota) is described from Darjeeling Hill, Eastern Himalaya, India. Morphological and molecular (nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region) sequence data assign the present species to the subgen. Incrustatula Romagn., sect. Lilaceinae (Melzer & Zvára) Konrad & Joss. and subsect. Lilaceinae Melzer & Zvára. Comprehensive description, photographs and comparisons with morphologically similar and phylogenetically related species are provided.

Erratum to: Russula chiui and R. pseudopectinatoides, two new species from southwestern China supported by morphological and molecular evidence

Two new species of Russula from Xizang and Yunnan in southwestern China were described and illustrated based on morphological data and phylogenetic analysis of internal transcribed spacer sequences. Russula chiui (R. sect. Emeticinae) resembles R. nobilis Velen., but the new taxon has an odorless context and a larger inamyloid suprahilar plage of basidiospores with lower ornamentation. Russula pseudopectinatoides (R. sect. Foetentinae) is most similar to R. pectinatoides Peck. The former has a context without a distinct odor, a stipe slightly rugulose longitudinally, basidiospores with lower warts often linked by fine lines, terminal cells of pileipellis with obtuse to ventricose tips, and a habitat of coniferous to mixed forest.

Morphological and molecular evidence for a new species of Russula (Russulaceae) from southern China

Russula subrutilans sp. nov., a new species of Russula is described from southern China. It is unique for having buff pink to light congo-pink pileus, distant ventricose to subventricose lamellae with rare lamellulae, globose to broadly ellipsoid spores with bluntly conical warts forming a partial reticulum, and narrowly clavate to clavate cheilocystidia and pleurocysitidia with variable tips. Phylogenetic relationships among the new species and other closely related species in the genus are inferred based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region.

A new species of Russula (Russulaceae) from India based on morphological and molecular (ITS sequence) data

Russula kanadii (Russulaceae, Basidiomycota) is described as a new species from West Bengal, India, and is assigned to the subgenus Heterophyllidia, section Heterophyllae, and subsection Virescentinae. A comprehensive description, photographs, and comparisons with morphologically similar and phylogenetically related species are provided. Inferences of its phylogenetic relationships within the genus are provided based on the sequence of the nuclear internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region.

A new species of <em>Russula</em>, subgenus <em>Compactae</em> from California

A new species of Russula , subgenus Compactae , is described growing in association with coast live oak ( Quercus agrifolia ) in California. This species has previously been referred to locally as Russula subnigricans Hongo and Russula eccentrica Peck, but morphological and DNA evidence show that it is a distinct species which we call R. cantharellicola . Our analysis shows that there are multiple clades of what is called R. subnigricans , and that the California species clearly falls within one of those clades. As R. subnigricans has caused deaths in Japan, China, and Taiwan, the California species should be cautioned as potentially dangerous to those who consume it.

Two new species of Russula (Russulales) from India

Two new species of Russula (Russulales) from India