New Species Of Birds Research Articles

Public Perception of Climate Change Impact on Living Conditions in a Cold Region (the case of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia))

Based on the materials of a sociological study conducted in August-October 2023, the characteristics of the perception by residents of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) of changes in the local climate and natural environment are analyzed. Residents of the republic notice significant changes in the climate, such as shifts in the onset of seasons, changes in air temperature, precipitation levels, and windiness. The population is concerned about the increasing frequency and intensity of natural phenomena caused by climate change: wildfires, thawing permafrost, destruction of roads, increasing number of mosquitoes in summer and an increasing incidence of acute respiratory viral infections and influenza, ice on roads in winter. Local residents also notice appearance of new species of birds, insects, plants, animals and fish not typical for the region. Negative assessments of the impact of climate change on traditional agriculture in Yakutia predominate.

Origin and significance of macroscopic organic aggregates from the lacustrine Aptian Crato Konservat-Lagerstätte

The Crato Konservat-Lagerstätte is one of the main Mesozoic fossil sites from Gondwana, recording a wide diversity of terrestrial and non-marine aquatic fossils of great paleobiological and evolutionary significance. This conservation deposit is recorded in a 9 m-thick interval of laminite, microbialite, and grainstone deposited in a lake system with variable water level, alternating moments of hypersaline and freshwater conditions. Despite numerous studies describing new species of plants, arthropods, fish, pterosaurs, birds, and many others, there remains a significant gap in our understanding of the most common and archetypal fossils, which are the rod-shaped macrofossils found on bedding surfaces in distinct stratigraphic intervals of the Crato Konservat-Lagerstätte. The rod-shaped macrofossils are up to 1.6 cm-long and 0.1 cm-wide, straight to curved compressions that preserve pyritized microfossils. Here we interpret the rod-shaped macrofossils as macroscopic organic aggregates that sank into the lakebed in a process called lake snow. During high organic productivity periods in the epilimnion, planktonic organisms thrived and produced exopolymers responsible for aggregation. Their concentrations in the limestone bedding planes reflect intensity of lake snow and environmental seasonality. Aggregates are prolate particles that are commonly oriented, suggesting their transport as bedload for short distances, which was facilitated by biostabilization by microbes and their exopolymers. Finally, pyritization was mediated by microbial communities living in the lakebed.

New fossils of Eocypselus and Primapus from the British London Clay reveal a high taxonomic and ecological diversity of early Eocene swift‐like apodiform birds

We describe new specimens and species of apodiform birds from the early Eocene London Clay of Walton‐on‐the Naze (Essex, UK). In addition to multiple partial skeletons of Eocypselus vincenti Harrison, 1984, three new species of Eocypselus are described as Eocypselus geminus, sp. nov., Eocypselus paulomajor, sp. nov. and Eocypselus grandissimus, sp. nov. The previously unknown quadrate of Eocypselus shares a characteristic derived morphology with the quadrate of the Aegothelidae, Hemiprocnidae and Apodidae, whereas the quadrate of the Trochilidae is very different. We also report a striking disparity of the shapes of the axis vertebra of apodiform birds, which is likely to be of functional significance. Eocypselus and extant Hemiprocnidae and Cypseloidini (Apodidae) exhibit the plesiomorphic morphology, whereas a derived shape characterizes extant Aegothelidae, Apodini and Trochilidae. Furthermore, we describe the first partial skeleton of the earliest aegialornithid species, Primapus lacki Harrison & Walker, 1975, which was previously only known from the humeri of the type series that stem from different sites of the London Clay. The apodiform birds from Walton‐on‐the‐Naze show a considerable taxonomic and ecomorphological diversity, and whereas Eocypselus may have inhabited forest edges and caught insects by sallying flights from perches, Primapus probably was a fast‐flying and more aerial bird.

Taxonomy and observations of three species of Brazilian Philornis Meinert (Diptera, Muscidae) and two new host species of cavity-nesting birds

The mostly neotropical genus Philornis Meinert is associated with a variety of birds, where larvae can be free-living coprophagous, free-living semi-hematophagous, or subcutaneous hematophagous. The genus is taxonomically complicated because characters of some species are variable while others are more constant. Although most described Philornis species are taxonomically well known, larval biology and ecological associations with birds are less so. Here, during a study of cavity-nesting birds, we removed and collected subcutaneous larvae from young birds and pupae from nesting material in the nest boxes, that were then reared in the lab, from which we describe the adult male, larva, and puparium of Philornis obscurinervis Couri, 1984 and the puparium of Philornis diminutus Couri, 1984, and some associations of P. diminutus, Philornis falsificus Dodge & Aitken, 1968, and P. obscurinervis.

Molecular phylogeny and morphology reveal a new wood-rotting fungal species, <i>Cyathus wenshanensis</i> sp. nov. from the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau

A new species of bird's nest fungus, <italic>Cyathus wenshanensis</italic> is proposed based on a combination of the morphological and molecular evidence. It is characterised by the obconical to cupulate basidiomata covered with hirsute hairs, striations on the outer and inner surface of the peridium, funicular peridioles, a trimitic hyphal system of peridium with generative hyphae having clamp connections, a dimitic hyphal system of peridiole middle, and subglobose, elliptical to ellipsoid-elongate, thick-walled basidiospores. Sequence of the internal transcribed spacers (ITS) gene region was generated, and the phylogenetic analysis was performed with maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony and Bayesian inference methods. The phylogenetic analyses inferred from ITS dataset indicated that <italic>C. wenshanensis</italic> nested within the genus <italic>Cyathus</italic>, in which it formed a monophyletic lineage and grouped with <italic>C. albinus</italic>, <italic>C. amazonicus</italic>, <italic>C. badius</italic>, <italic>C. parvocinereus</italic>,<italic> C. pyristriatus</italic> and <italic>C. uniperidiolus</italic>.

A new species of diurnal birds of prey from the late Eocene of Wyoming (USA) – one of the earliest New World records of the Accipitridae (hawks, eagles, and allies)

A new species of diurnal birds of prey from the late Eocene of Wyoming (USA) – one of the earliest New World records of the Accipitridae (hawks, eagles, and allies)

New records of ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) infesting wild birds in a forest fragment in Acre, Brazilian Amazon

This study aimed to expand knowledge about tick parasitism on wild birds in western Amazonia and provide additional records of species parasitized by ticks in the state of Acre. Birds were captured with mist nets from September 2016 to February 2017 at the Fazenda Experimental Catuaba, in Senador Guiomard, Acre State, Brazil, identified, and thoroughly inspected. Detected ticks were removed with tweezers, stored in labeled collectors containing 70% alcohol, and identified using a stereomicroscope with incident lighting and taxonomic keys at the Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health of the School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of the University of São Paulo. In total, 203 wild birds were captured, comprising nine orders and 24 families. Among them, 24 birds (11.82%) belonging to 13 species were parasitized by 44 ticks at different stages: 26 Amblyomma sp. larvae, 10 Amblyomma nodosum nymphs, four Amblyomma longirostre nymphs, and four Amblyomma humerale nymphs. This study reports for the first time nine new species of birds as hosts of ticks of the genus Amblyomma in the state of Acre, namely: Monasa nigrifrons, Hypocnemis subflava, Dendrocincla fuliginosa, Sittasomus griseicapillus, Xiphorhynchus guttatoides, Poecilotriccus latirostris, Hemitriccus flammulatus, Ramphotrigon megacephalum, and Turdus amaurochalinus. This study also records, for the first time, A. nodosum ticks parasitizing R. megacephalum and A. humerale parasitizing Momotus momota, S. griseicapillus, and X. guttatoides.

Untangling cryptic diversity in the High Andes: Revision of the Scytalopus [magellanicus] complex (Rhinocryptidae) in Peru reveals three new species

AbstractTropical mountains feature marked species turnover along elevational gradients and across complex topography, resulting in great concentrations of avian biodiversity. In these landscapes, particularly among morphologically conserved and difficult to observe avian groups, species limits still require clarification. One such lineage is Scytalopus tapaculos, which are among the morphologically most conserved birds. Attention to their distinctive vocal repertoires and phylogenetic relationships has resulted in a proliferation of newly identified species, many of which are restricted range endemics. Here, we present a revised taxonomy and identify species limits among high-elevation populations of Scytalopus tapaculos inhabiting the Peruvian Andes. We employ an integrated framework using a combination of vocal information, mitochondrial DNA sequences, and appearance, gathered from our own fieldwork over the past 40 yr and supplemented with community-shared birdsong archives and museum specimens. We describe 3 new species endemic to Peru. Within all 3 of these species there is genetic differentiation, which in 2 species is mirrored by subtle geographic plumage and vocal variation. In a fourth species, Scytalopus schulenbergi, we document deep genetic divergence and plumage differences despite overall vocal similarity. We further propose that an extralimital taxon, Scytalopus opacus androstictus, be elevated to species rank, based on a diagnostic vocal character. Our results demonstrate that basic exploration and descriptive work using diverse data sources continues to identify new species of birds, particularly in tropical environs.

A new species of the late Miocene charadriiform bird (Aves: Charadriiformes), with a summary of all Paleogene and Miocene Charadrii remains.

A new species, Cherevychnavis umanskae sp. nov., (Aves: Charadriiformes) from the late Miocene of Ukraine is described, and all known fossils of the suborder Charadrii from the Paleogene and Miocene are summarized. The combination of preserved characters allows us to assign the new species to the suborder Charadrii but its more exact systematic position remains uncertain. Morphologically, the new species is most similar to the extant Haematopus and Recurvirostra, and in terms of size to Haematopus, but it clearly differs from all extant genera of Charadrii. The current remains fill the temporal and spatial gaps in the fossil record of charadriiform birds; they constitute the first record of the Charadrii in eastern-most Europe, and add to our still insufficient knowledge of the late Miocene birds.

ATVB Named Lecture Review-Insight Into Author.

ATVB Named Lecture Review-Insight Into Author.

From feathers to food: Reconstructing the complete exploitation of avifaunal resources by Neanderthals at Fumane cave, unit A9

The avifaunal assemblage from unit A9 of Grotta di Fumane provides clear evidence of the human consumption of birds and contributes to an understanding of the role of avifaunal resources in the subsistence strategies of Middle Palaeolithic hominids. In the course of these analyses, some new species of birds were identified along with the most common species already recorded in other cultural layers of Fumane. The exploitation of these resources is testified by taphonomic indicators, which are recognized on 6.5% of the total assemblage, and by a non-random spatial relationship among the bone elements, the morphology of the cave and the hearths. Further, evidence for the exploitation of feathers from various raptors and other birds backdates, although by a few millennia, the acquisition of valuable elements of avian plumage, strengthening the growing body of data that demonstrates the appearance of modern behavior in extinct autochthonous populations of Europe well before the immigration of modern humans.

A new species from an ornithuromorph (Aves: Ornithothoraces) dominated locality of the Jehol Biota

We report on a new species of ornithuromorph bird, Iteravis huchzermeyeri gen. et sp. nov., from the previously unreported Sihedang locality of the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation, the oldest ornithuromorph bearing deposit in the world. Unlike most other Cretaceous localities, specimens from this new quarry are largely referable to Ornithuromorpha, similar to the Lower Cretaceous Aptian Xiagou Formation in Gansu Province. Also similar to the Xiagou avifauna, the fauna at Sihedang is largely dominated by a single taxon (described here). Differences in faunal dominance may suggest the Sihedang records a unique ecological habitat. This may also explain the dominance of Gansus in the younger Xiagou Formation locality and suggests that previous hypotheses regarding the shift in dominance between Enantiornithes and Ornithuromorpha need to be reassessed in terms of potential ecological biases due to limited sampling. Furthermore, the recognition of an ornithuromorph dominated locality in the Sihedang significantly weakens the signal of such an inferred trend. Compared to most Jehol birds, the new specimen is relatively better preserved in three dimensions revealing morphological details of the skeleton, as well as preserves feather impressions including a rectricial morphology previously unknown among Mesozoic birds.

Nidula shingbaensis sp. nov., a new bird's nest fungus from India

A new species of bird's nest fungi, Nidula shingbaensis, is proposed from the state of Sikkim. It is characterised by a slightly flared moderate to large peridium, yellowish interior peridium-wall, numerous brown-coloured peridioles with irregularly wrinkled surfaces, large broadly ellipsoid to elongate basidiospores, and a six-layered (in cross-section) peridium. A detailed description is supported by macro- and micromorphological illustrations, and the relation with similar and related taxa is discussed.

Previously unrecognized ornithuromorph bird diversity in the Early Cretaceous Changma Basin, Gansu Province, northwestern China.

Here we report on three new species of ornithuromorph birds from the Lower Cretaceous Xiagou Formation in the Changma Basin of Gansu Province, northwestern China: Yumenornis huangi gen. et sp. nov., Changmaornis houi gen. et sp. nov., and Jiuquanornis niui gen. et sp. nov.. The last of these is based on a previously published but unnamed specimen: GSGM-05-CM-021. Although incomplete, the specimens can be clearly distinguished from each other and from Gansus yumenensis Hou and Liu, 1984. Phylogenetic analysis resolves the three new taxa as basal ornithuromorphs. This study reveals previously unrecognized ornithuromorph diversity in the Changma avifauna, which is largely dominated by Gansus but with at least three other ornithuromorphs. Body mass estimates demonstrate that enantiornithines were much smaller than ornithuromorphs in the Changma avifauna. In addition, Changma enantiornithines preserve long and recurved pedal unguals, suggesting an arboreal lifestyle; in contrast, Changma ornithuromorphs tend to show terrestrial or even aquatic adaptions. Similar differences in body mass and ecology are also observed in the Jehol avifauna in northeastern China, suggesting niche partitioning between these two clades developed early in their evolutionary history.

A new piscivorous ornithuromorph from the Jehol Biota

We report on a new species of basal ornithuromorph bird, Piscivoravis liigen. et sp. nov., based on a well-preserved and nearly complete specimen from the Lower Cretaceous Jiufotang Formation in western Liaoning Province, northeastern China. The new specimen preserves several unique anatomical features previously unreported in Early Cretaceous ornithuromorphs, such as a robust furcula with strongly tapered omal tips, a broad sternum without craniocaudal elongation and large and strongly curved manual unguals. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that Piscivoravis is more derived than Archaeorynchus, but in a basal polytomy with Jianchangornis, Patagopteryx, and the clade including all more derived ornithuromorphs. The preserved wing and tail feathers provide new information on feather diversity and evolution in Early Cretaceous ornithuromorphs. The preservation of fish bones ventral to the dentary and in the stomach provides direct evidence that the new species was piscivorous – previously only reported in Yanornis, and as in some living birds, was capable of moving food bidirectionally through the alimentary canal.http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:92F23126-9E89-4E51-9700-C6608E0D66EB

Xinghaiornis lini (Aves: Ornithothoraces) from the Early Cretaceous of Liaoning: An Example of Evolutionary Mosaic in Early Birds

Abstract:We describe a new species of Early Cretaceous bird from the Yixian Formation of Liaoning Province. Xinghaiornis lini gen. et sp. nov. is relatively large and characterized by a long, toothless rostrum and an elevated pedal digit I. The design of the skull and feet suggests that this bird was likely a mud‐prober. This discovery provides strong support indicating that this avian trophic specialization originated at least 125 million years ago.

A new species of Threskiornithidae-like bird (Aves, Ciconiiformes) from the Green River Formation (Eocene) of Wyoming

ABSTRACT A new avian species from the late early Eocene Fossil Butte Member of the Green River Formation is described based on a nearly complete postcranial skeleton. The new species, Vadaravis brownae, gen. et sp. nov., can be diagnosed by a unique combination of characters, including the following autapomorphies, which are unique among Aves: two (cranial and caudal) small and discrete pneumatopores on the lateral sides of the caudal-most thoracic centra; and a caudoventrally located pisiform process of the carpometacarpus that projects only weakly cranially. Phylogenetic analyses recover Vadaravis as a member of the waterbird assemblage (including, e.g., penguins, storks, pelicans), closely related to taxa traditionally placed within the avian order Ciconiiformes (storks, flamingos, herons, the hamerkop, ibises, and spoonbills). Additional morphological features and a phylogenetic analysis constrained by a recently recovered waterbird topology suggest close affinities between Vadaravis and Threskiornithidae. This new species represents the first proposed part of Ciconiiformes (and possibly stem-Threskiornithidae) in the Green River Formation of North America. Its discovery increases the known taxonomic and ecological diversity of this diverse fossil avifauna. Vadaravis also represents one of the oldest members of Ciconiiformes (and possibly stem-Threskiornithidae), and implies that additional lineages within the waterbird assemblage had diverged by the late early Eocene. SUPPLEMENTAL DATA—Supplemental materials are available for this article for free at www.tandfonline.com/UJVP

Ecotourism in Eaglesnest, West Kameng, Arunachal Pradesh: A Case Study

This study was aimed at exploring tourism resources and Ecotourism behaviour of tourists and local people to provide guidelines for Ecotourism development of Eaglesnest, West Kameng, Arunachal Pradesh. Tourists were selected by applying the method of convenience sampling, wherein, local people were interviewed in depth to gather local information. Results of the research showed that Eaglesnest had an outstanding tourism resource which was Bird watching, especially after the discovery of the new species of bird to the world, which is known as Bugun Liochicla, which attracted tourists from all over the world. Most of the tourists received tourism information from trip reports and advertising. They were normally grouped visitors who visited the destination for wildlife, especially Bird watching. On an average, they stayed over seven nights at different campsites. Nearly all tourists were aware of Ecotourism. The most attractive resource was Bird watching. They also admired the landscapes, the scenery of the forest and mountains

О НОВЫХ И РЕДКИХ ВИДАХ ПТИЦ ЗЕЙСКОГО ВОДОХРАНИЛИЩА

Species list of Upper Zeya plain was enriched with 8 new species of birds in 3 years of episodical observations. Far-Eastern ranges of Common greenshank and Brown hawk owl were defined more precisely. Population size of Osprey and White-tailed Sea-eagle was estimated in 30 and 10 breeding pairs respectively. Reproductive status in the region was confirmed with chicks records for Red-breasted merganser and Little plover.

Theodor von Heuglin's Ornithologie Nordost-Afrika 's, der Nilquellen- und Küsten-Gebiete des Rothen Meeres und des nördlichen Somal-Landes - Notes relevant to the dates of publication of its parts

Our paper aims to establish publication dates of the monograph of Theodor von Heuglin which appeared in 57 parts over a period of six to seven years. Accurate dates for these parts would help determine authorship of some names that appear in two or three closely contemporaneous publications by authors dealing with new species of birds collected in north-eastern Africa. We have concluded that it is still not possible to date each part precisely, or even to be certain of the pagination of some parts, but that we can arrive at some reasonable conclusions as to which pages and which plates were published in which year. Due to the limits to our evidence these conclusions must be preliminary. So one of our objectives is to appeal for help in finding a set of this book still in the wrappers of the original parts, and, second, for help in locating relevant published reports of all books published in Cassel in the period 1868 to 1875. We are confi dent enough in our year dates that we list in an appendix the new generic names and species-group names proposed in this work. None of these names occurs within pp. 1 – 64 (which may have appeared in either 1868 or 1869).