New Model Of Public Administration Research Articles

Modern Concepts of Public Administration in the Context of Sustainable Development

"The article examines the main problems of the XXI century, the overcoming of which led to achieving the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals adopted in 2015, replacing the Millennium Development Goals. The authors systematically consider the governance process in sustainable development, paying particular attention to the structural-functional and information-behavioral subsystems of governance. Also, special attention is paid to the development of information technology and civil society, as well as other changes in the late XX – early XXI century. These changes have influenced the concepts of public administration, which are fundamental to achieving the SDGs. The article aims to determine the methodological approaches necessary for the functioning of the public administration system in the context of sustainable development. The primary research method used was a bibliographic study, both descriptive and analytical. The analysis of scientific literature allowed the authors to conclude that the following modern concepts of public administration in the context of sustainable development can be implemented: “management of public values,” “digital citizenship,” “political networks,” “smart (receptive/reflective) governance,” results/goals-based management, FAST-concept, “Open Government,” and “Activating State.” The importance of involving people in addressing sustainable development issues related to significant social, economic, and environmental problems, policy-making, and public service delivery is hardly disputed today. As shown, modern concepts aim to enable citizens to participate in such processes. These include access to and availability of information and the development of communication technologies, including social media. In the XXI century of Knowledge Societies, the most creative solutions will be created through open interaction and reliance on shared resources. The extraordinary events (the pandemic and the war in Ukraine) have significantly slowed down the process of achieving Sustainable Development Goals and, in some cases, made it impossible to achieve any results for some goals. As a result, a new model of public administration in the context of sustainable development will be required. The prospects for further research include defining a new concept of public administration and its provision, which will consider the advantages of modern concepts and ensure their synergistic effect so that the sustainable development agenda is adopted by the state, business, and society."

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The article examines the main problems of the XXI century, the overcoming of which led to achieving the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals adopted in 2015, replacing the Millennium Development Goals. The authors systematically consider the governance process in sustainable development, paying particular attention to the structural-functional and information-behavioral subsystems of governance. Also, special attention is paid to the development of information technology and civil society, as well as other changes that took place in the late XX – early XXI century. These changes have influenced the concepts of public administration, which are fundamental to achieving the SDGs. The article aims to determine the methodological approaches necessary for the functioning of the public administration system in the context of sustainable development. The main research method used was a bibliographic study, both descriptive and analytical. The analysis of scientific literature allowed the authors to conclude that the following modern concepts of public administration in the context of sustainable development can be implemented: "management of public values," "digital citizenship," "political networks," "smart (receptive/reflective) governance," results/goals-based management, FAST-concept, "Open Government," and "Activating State." The importance of involving people in addressing sustainable development issues related to significant social, economic, and environmental problems, policy-making, and public service delivery is hardly disputed today. As shown, modern concepts are aimed at enabling citizens to participate in such processes. These include access to and availability of information and the development of communication technologies, including social media. In the XXI century of Knowledge Societies, the most creative solutions will be created through open interaction and reliance on shared resources. The extraordinary events (the pandemic and the war in Ukraine) have significantly slowed down the process of achieving Sustainable Development Goals and, in some cases, made it impossible to achieve any results for some goals. As a result, a new model of public administration in the context of sustainable development will be required. The prospects for further research include defining a new concept of public administration and its provision, which will consider the advantages of modern concepts and ensure their synergistic effect so that the sustainable development agenda is adopted not only by the state but also by business and society.

New Public Management in the Public Administration System

The purpose of the article is to study the concept of new management, clarify the essence, goals and tasks of new public management as an approach to organizing the activities of power institutions. The methodology base of the research involves the use of methods of analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization and forecasting. The traditional model of public administration has undergone serious changes and has actually been replaced by a new model of public administration. This change is a change characterized by a transition from administration to management and from bureaucracy to the market. This transformation was the result of economic pressures resulting from the ongoing financial crisis, which was associated with the rise of conservative political parties in Western democracies. The development of democracy raises the level of requirements for the quality of public administration. Modern societies strengthen control over the activities of state organizations, demanding both economic efficiency and effectiveness of activities, but also the provision of clientoriented results of activities (social values). Modern processes of democratization of Ukrainian society and reform of the system of public administration of Ukraine include not only the use of new management technologies, but also the introduction of innovative and effective management models. Such models of public management as «new public management», «governance» and «good governance» have been successfully tested by many developed countries of the world, the essence of these models is the gradual transition from executive-administrative forms of management to governance focused on satisfying needs and interests customers. Analysis of the concept of new public management, its goals, principles and characteristics shows that its elements are based on existing theoretical developments and have already been applied in one form or another in world practice. At the same time, due to the wide application of market mechanisms, the new public management is a different view of public management. The scientific novelty consists in the study of the essence of the traditional model of public administration. The main characteristics of New Public Management are presented. Conclusions. New public management arises as a result of the application of an economic approach to the analysis of the activity of the public administration system. The introduction of new mechanisms of New Public Management in public administration has led to serious changes in procedures, processes, chains and network relations between organizations and within organized government bodies. Key words: public administration, public administration, public management, New Public Management, modern management.

THE ROLE OF THE PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT SERVICE AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE FOR ACHIEVING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE CIVIL SERVICE OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

This article discusses the issues of reforming the civil service of the Republic of Kazakhstan. In the course of the study, regulatory documents on the transition to a new model of public administration were analyzed. The study reveals the current position of personnel management services in the public service system. At the same time, statistical data on the effectiveness of the work of civil servants for the past reporting period are presented. The article presents the data of a global study on the public administration efficiency index conducted by the World Bank. The results of an international study prove that the previous experience of the transformation of the civil service has yielded positive results. However, Kazakhstan will need at least three decades to achieve its goals and objectives. The orientation of the state on human resource management and the importance of personnel management services can serve as a mechanism for improving the efficiency of the public service.

THE PECULIARITIES OF PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN TRANSFORMATIONAL SOCIETY AND THEIR ROLE IN HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT

Global historical developments and globalization processes lead to changes and dynamic development of modern societies. Thus, the concept of transformational society is formed. At the same time there are significant changes in society system, which are: the localization of western models in social fields activities, international integration, formation of new models of public administration and governance, IT investment procedures. The significant social changes have manifestations in the state and private organizations management processes. This leads to changes of the work organization peculiarities and human resources management. Consi- dering the psychological features and competencies of employees as an essential part of organizational management, we have made a research in order to distinguish the peculiarities of personal features and the interrela- tion between them. We have analyzed the correlation of those features bet- ween managers and non-managers. During the research we studied the per- sonal psychological characteristics, motivational orientations and psychologi- cal maturity of the personnel.

PUBLIC MANAGEMENT OF INNOVATIONS IN THE SOCIO-HUMANITARIAN SPHERE: CHALLENGES AND WAYS TO OVERCOME

EU integration and globalization trends require new mechanisms and methods of regulating economic processes to transform Ukraine into an economically developed powerful state. Innovation is an integral part of any production cycle, but to achieve better results, innovation processes and relationships in the creation and implementation of innovative technologies in the national economy require active participation and great attention from the state. The main emphasis of such attention should be focused on organizational, legal and institutional support of innovation, which requires solving a vast number of problems of intensive development. The end of the twentieth century was a period of spreading ideas about the need to change the paradigm of public administration. Scientists began to realize the need to move to a new model of public administration based on strengthening the social nature of government. The change in approach implies an essential change in the state's role: from the producer of public goods to the regulator of market processes. During the implementation of this model, the most crucial effect is possible if the principles of openness, innovation, decentralization, and a combination of market and state regulation, individual freedom and new forms of individual and collective responsibility.

TRANSFORMATION PROCESSES IN THE FORMATION OF THE INFORMATION SOCIETY

The article is devoted to the process of transformation of society into information, which is inextricably linked with the development of information and communication technologies. Taking into account, that the integration of information and communication technologies into society led to the creation of new relations in the economic and social spheres, the social structure of society has been changed. That is why it is necessary clarify the process of transformation that directly affects economic relations in society, the main feature of which is the production and transfer of knowledge, which becomes the driving force of society and a source of sustainable economic growth. On the other hand, as a result of the intellectualization of technology there has been a rapid increase in productivity and economic transformation. The relevance of the research is determined by the demand of society to implement such economic relations, where knowledge and information become a full-fledged product, and any new product carries unique knowledge. A clear outline of the process of such transformation is necessary for understanding the changes in the structure of the economy, which are developed through scientific and technological progress and, as a consequence, in increasing the rate of services and information in GDP. Considering information society as a knowledge society, knowledge plays a crucial role in economics, and their production becomes a source of development. The transformation process in information society related to the production of knowledge, the creation and implementation of technologies and other products of intellectual activity. Furthermore, the transformation to the information society also involves the transformation of public administration. Due to the new role of knowledge and information, the source of power in the society has changed, as well as the development of new means of electronic communication and improving education. That is why the urgent challenge for countries on their way to the information society, is the informatization of all management processes as a key feature of the new model of public administration.

New tendencies of sustainable development: providing personal security and quality of life as a new national security paradigm

The article is devoted to the analysis of the theoretical foundations of public administration and administration in the field of public security and civil defense as a component of the national security system. Consideration of the problems of civilizational development and national security shows the urgent need to rethink the areas of responsibility of state and civil society, the ratio of hierarchical and network structures in public administration and management. There is also a need to implement a new principle of boosting standards of living, as a prerequisite to ensuring national security, through sustainable development of society and competitiveness of the state itself. It is shown that under the conditions of globalization the state is no longer ensuring security and well-being of its citizens by mere «defending» them from the threats of emergencies. The state must prepare citizens to be able to confront the various globalization-related challenges on their own. Earlier this year, the National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine submitted a draft national security strategy “Personal Security – National Security” to the President for consideration. In this regard the new model of public administration and administration system in the field of public security and civil defense can be efficient. It is based on the six pillars of public administration. These are «human being / human resource», «organization theory», «policy analysis», «budgeting», «statistics» and «ethics». Such a framework ensures the unity of the system development approach in combination with theory and practice.

Management mechanisms in the context of digitization of all spheres of society

Digitalization transforms public policy. It forms new models of public administration based on knowledge about the behavior of social groups. This study experimentally confirms the lack of impact of e-government and digitalization on the quality of life. It is proved that the new state policy is not aimed at ensuring socio-economic well-being, but the management of the collective consciousness of the masses. The economic benefits of digitization are insignificant. Digital policy provides a greater level of transparency in order to obtain its own benefits: the development of public-private partnerships, attracting investment in digital infrastructure, openness of digital governance. The article proves that the modernization of public policy under the influence of digitalization forms a new era of digital leadership,

МODERNIZATION OF THE PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION SYSTEM IN THE CONDITIONS OF DECENTRALIZATION OF POWER

Strategic course of Ukraine towards European integration requires a new conceptual basis for the institutionalization of power, the introduction of a modern model of public administration. In the conditions of democratic transit, Ukraine and the countries of Central and Eastern Europe should use a conservative Neo-Weberian State (NWS) Model. This model is normative in terms of implementation in Ukraine, because our country, first, has accumulated necessary democratic potential of public initiative; secondly, it has a tradition of strong state power, capable of independently performing the functions of public goal-setting and making appropriate organic decisions; third, it is able to ensure the longevity of public policy at all administrative levels; fourth, preserves stable corporate values and rules of the civil service; fifth, seeks to bring the process of modernization of the domestic public administration system closer to European standards and practices. The normative and legal conditions necessary for the modernization of the current system of public administration in Ukraine in the direction of implementation of the principles of public administration have been generalized. In Ukraine, modernization of the public administration system, aimed at forming a new model of public administration, is possible only if the objective and subjective preconditions are taken into account, which are critical for the successful implementation of decentralization. It has been identified the following promising stages of decentralization in Ukraine: 1) deconcentration of powers and resources, their legally justified transfer from central government to regional and local government bodies; 2) compliance with the principles of devolution of power; 3) powers and resources will be distributed between traditional public authorities (state and self-governing) and market and public structures; 4) introduction of the newest models of public management, built on the principles of the New Public Management paradigm. Keywords: public administration, state government, decentralization, modernization, European integration.

Transformation of public administration in digital conditions: world experience, prospects of Ukraine

The purpose of the article is to highlight the main aspects of the transformation of public administration in the context of digitalization. It is established that digitalization is not a new model of public administration. It is proved that digital technologies as a tool for implementing the strategy of modernization of public administration, determine the main directions of change. It is proved that in the conditions of digital economy there is a transformation of the concept of public administration – in service. Digital transformation leads to a radical change in approaches to the organization of government with the use of digital technologies and algorithms. Digital technologies create opportunities for a completely different type of interaction between participants – in online communication. The basis for this nature of interaction is platform. To analyze the concept of digital transformation in public administration, the main stages of digitization are identified: digitization of processes, in which the introduction of traditional digital technologies to improve the efficiency of government, data management; e-government, which involves the introduction of digital technologies, especially based on the use of the Internet, to improve public administration; digital government, in which the latest generation of digital technologies (such as the Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, predictive analytics) allow to take into account the preferences of users in shaping the composition of services provided and the procedures associated with their receipt. A study of the main trends in the digitalization of the economy and public administration of Ukraine. Peculiarities of digitalization and transformation of public administration of the world are considered. Ukraine has developed “Concept for the development of the digital economy and society of Ukraine for 2018-2020” (Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, 2018). However, according to the results of the analysis, Ukraine has a low level of readiness for digitalization. In the UN ranking of e-government development in 2018, Ukraine ranked 82 nd. Ukraine is characterized by an insufficient level of infrastructural support for public administration transformation. Thus, the coverage of high-quality Internet communication does not cover the entire territory of Ukraine and, as a result, reduces the rate of development of the digital economy. The analysis of the most successful countries of the world showed that the level of digitalization is directly dependent on the level of economic development of the country, infrastructure. The transformation of public administration in the context of digitalization will affect, first of all, the quality of public administration services, improving communication, reducing the cost of maintaining public administration, additional opportunities for businesses and citizens to receive services.

Tendencje centralizacyjne w Polsce po 1990 roku – ciągłość i zmiana

The article discusses the issue of centralization tendencies in Poland. It constitutes an attempt to present this process in the context of the functioning of public administration in our country. The main research question is whether centralization was constantly present during the 30 years of creating a new model of public administration in Poland, or whether it was strengthened after 2015. The financial independence of local government units is also a crucial aspect of the analysis. The article correspondingly focuses on the resistance of the government administration during the implementation of local government reforms. Importantly, what is factored in as well is the change in the perception of the position and the role of local governments in the political system after the 2015 parliamentary elections by the new government camp. Analysis of the past provided the precedent premises for strong centralization tendencies, in particular, the traditions of the strong state administration of the Second Polish Republic after the May coup in 1926 and during the People's Republic of Poland.

Modern Models of Public Administration in EU Countries: Implementation Experience

The comparative characteristics of European public administration systems are presented. Particular attention is paid to new models of public administration in EU countries: New Public Management (NPM); New Public Governance (NPG) or New public service (NPS); Good Governance (GG). Both positive and negative characteristics of these government models are listed. Successful reform of public administration is revealed through the creation of appropriate institutions and adherence to the relevant principles, procedures, and standards of public administration and values that should be guided by civil servants. It is proved that the sphere of organization of public administration and civil service in the EU has wide experience through the implementation of so-called «soft» standards. The focus is on highlighting effective tools for reforming public administration in the EU, their main functions. The implications of NPM implementation for European regions, which were adapted by Walter Kicker’s presentation, are outlined. The key features of the new public administration and the cardinal directions of administrative reforms implemented in each EU country are identified, as well as the improvement of the main interconnected components of the public administration system, which include: institutions; rules and procedures, processes and mechanisms for coordination of cooperation; personnel potential. The realization of the reform of the public administration through the reform of administrative procedures, the development of the civil service, the process of decentralization and agencification were clarified. In modern democratic states, managerial innovations are aimed at supporting market mechanisms for democratization of public authorities; market marketing (transformation) of the work of the state with the mass introduction of methods of state managerialism. In these government models, a customer-centric approach is put in place to develop an appropriate strategy based on consumer values, meeting expectations from service providers and implementing information technology.

Innovative mechanism of public administration modernization in Ukraine

The high rate of global development of economic processes is increasingly strengthening the global nature of the sustainable development concept, which is characterized by the interconnection of environmental, economic, social and institutional problems that are increasingly exacerbated by rapidly changing technological, geopolitical and other factors. In this context, it is necessary to see comprehensive provision and continuous support of sustainable development, which provides for coordinated actions and interaction of governments, business entities, non-profit organizations and society as a whole. Their effective implementation is possible through the creation of an appropriate institutional system, where management institutions occupy one of the key places. The subject of the research is the essence and features of the innovative mechanism for implementing modernization processes in the system of public administration. The purpose of writing the article is to justify the need to develop and implement an innovative mechanism to form a new model of public administration in Ukraine, define its components from the standpoint of system approach and the development of proposals for the promising directions of its implementation. The methodology of the research is the principles of innovation and public administration theories, the concept of service state. On the basis of the system approach, the paper identifies the components of the innovative mechanism of public administration modernization that influence the nature of the decentralization process in Ukraine. Using the methods of statistical and expert analysis, the problems of decentralization in the country are determined. The methods of structuring and synthesis underpin the developed proposals for strengthening the role of the innovative public administration mechanism in ensuring economic growth and solving social problems. The results of the research is the assessment of progress in decentralization in Ukraine and identification of problems that complicate the achievement of goals and require increased efforts of public authorities to solve problems accumulated in society from the standpoint of innovative approach. Conclusions. The modern Ukrainian economy needs specific, different from the traditional economy approaches to define the objectives of forming a new model of public administration in terms of introducing an innovative mechanism to accelerate the process of developing relations between public authorities and civil society participants. Particular attention is needed for the methodology in developing the components of reforming the public administration innovative mechanism and determining the relationship between them from the point of view of the system approach as well as elaborating tools for their implementation in order to increase the level of manageability in the process of providing citizens with high-quality public services.

МАРКЕРИ ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТІ ДЕРЖАВНИХ СЛУЖБОВЦІВ

The authors determined indicators of professional competence of civil servants under conditions of reforming the system of public administration. Scientific approaches to interpretation of the concepts of “governance” and “public administration” are generalized and the relationship of these terms is analyzed. The main markers of professional competence of civil servants in the public sphere are being considered. The results of the study found that a significant proportion of civil servants for various reasons does not deal with the systematic development of their professional resource, which is based on creativity. At the same time, a high level of tension in professional activity, specific difficulties in the public service system cause problems in personal and professional development of civil servants, complicating the process of disclosing this potential and, accordingly, obtaining a higher level of competence for the pursuit of professional activity. Among the effective areas of training of civil servants and raising their professional competence, the authors highlight (i) the development and justification of new criteria for evaluating the qualities, efficiency and effectiveness of management personnel in the field of civil service, (ii) stimulation of professional growth in the process of annual evaluation, and (iii) participation in open competitions. Accordingly, the development of further research is determined by the possibility of improving the theoretical and methodological foundations of studying the markers of professional competence of civil servants as applied aspects of the harmonization of the process of their professionalization taking into account the modern requirements of the new model of public administration.

Modern paradigm of ecologization of public administration

The article analyzes the concepts and models of public administration, their features and basic principles and reveals some gaps, in particular the absence of an ecological component. The place and significance of ecologization as a necessary condition for the transition of Ukraine to the new model of public administration and innovative trends of the qualitatively new paradigm of ecologization of public administration are determined. The basic principles of the modern paradigmatic model of ecologization of public administration are formed.

PUBLIC FINANCE MANAGEMENT IN UKRAINE: PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS

Introduction. Building an effective and fair system of public finance is an important stimulus for the dynamic development of economy of Ukraine. In this case, balance and rationality of financial resources of Ukraine will contribute to creating an enabling macroeconomic environment for business and investment growth and provide guaranteed stability in the system of social protection. However, imbalances and problems in public finances are able to form a threat to national economic development. According to this the article is devoted to coverage of topical issues of public financial management in Ukraine and defining their solutions via the implementation of a new model of government – the transfer of key business practices in public administration. Results. Main solution for issues in a public finance management should be the implementation of the new government model which is based on using main principles of corporate finance management in public area. New government model includes elastic system of compensation to public officers which is based on KPIs, decentralization of budget system and controlling by independent auditor. Conclusion. The implementation of a new model of public administration requires systematic and deep reforms, which required considerable significant time and financial resources.

Краудсорсинг как составляющая новой модели государственного управления регионом

The paper proposes a model of public administration based on information and communication technologies (ICT). The model includes the following units: open data, crowdsourcing and open government. In order to work out in detail the transfer of knowledge and competencies from the society to the state, we have studied crowdsourcing and its potential use in public administration as a tool to improve the efficiency of state authorities. The article compiles a typology of best practices and applications according to degrees of citizen engagement in governance and political activities. Opportunities and obstacles to the use of the new model of public administration based on ICT are analyzed by the administration of Novosibirsk Oblast. There are recommendations on how to involve the scientific potential of Novosibirsk’s Akademgorodok in the governance of the region

Public Administration and the Overseas Territories

The United States finds itself in the historically anomalous position of maintaining exclusive or shared sovereignty in a number of islands in the Pacific and the Caribbean. Their dependent political status imposes more than financial obligations on the United States. Although U.S. domestic resources are stretched thin, some modest steps can be taken to help the islands govern more effectively. These include continuing attempts to improve administration, developing new models of public administration, and clarifying and stabilizing the political status of the territories.

Dilemmas of Legitimacy

The legitimacy of public administration within the constitutional separation of powers has been repeatedly questioned. Attempts to address this challenge have emphasized the public interest as a fundamental concept in defining the administrator's role in governance. In its landmark decisions on political patronage, the Supreme Court explicitly considered this issue. This analysis examines the court's reasoning using three alternative models of the public interest. Judicial perspectives in the patronage cases are found to contrast sharply with contemporary administrative theory. This divergence underscores some of the theoretical dilemmas that confront the field in developing new models of public administration in governance.