New Methods Of Teaching Research Articles

The Pandemic Crisis: Time for Digitization of Higher Education in Tunisia

Our article highlights the negative impacts of Covid-19 on higher education in Tunisia. The future is uncertain for everyone, especially students who face a world paralyzed by the pandemic. Based on a qualitative study based on the Focus Group method among students, teachers, researchers, directors, a number of parents and members of civil society, we want to know how the Coronavirus has affected education and how universities cope with different changes. Our work focuses on the lessons learned from containment as well as the potential positive benefits to higher education. Our results show that the pandemic has forced universities to explore new methods of teaching and learning, including through distance and online education. This solution has proven difficult for students and teachers, who not only have to cope with the emotional, social and economic challenges posed by Covid-19 by doing their best to curb the spread of the virus. The higher education sector has made remarkable headway through accelerating digitization and the pursuit of distance education during the pandemic, but constraints persist. Our article will provide interested parties with a set of courses of action helping to structure such a policy of transformation towards digital education in a changing university landscape. The challenge is to invent a more flexible higher education that offers active pedagogies by integrating the contributions of digital technology and relying on research, and which can meet the different expectations of students.

Perception of First Year Medical Students towards Newer Methods of Teaching in Anatomy

Perception of First Year Medical Students towards Newer Methods of Teaching in Anatomy

Análise das Estratégias Utilizadas por Docentes do Ensino Fundamental para Resolver Tarefa Exploratório-Investigativa no Ensino da Pré-álgebra

O presente trabalho é oriundo de um grupo de pesquisa integrado por professores, mestrandos e bolsistas de graduação, e tem como objetivo relatar o desenvolvimento e os resultados emergentes de uma atividade investigativa elaborada pelo grupo em questão. Os dados aqui apresentados procedem de uma formação continuada de professores, realizada em uma cidade do Vale do Taquari, no segundo semestre do ano de 2017, em que o grupo de pesquisa, em conjunto com a Secretaria Municipal, propôs a realização de atividades de cunho exploratório-investigativa. O objetivo era integrar setenta professores que atuavam nos Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental de modo que os envolvidos participassem de forma ativa e se inteirassem de novos métodos de ensino. Salienta-se que a coleta de dados se embasou nas transcrições dos áudios gravados durante a prática, além de fotos e anotações contidas nos diários de campo dos pesquisadores. Os resultados analisados apontam a emergência de duas conjecturas diferentes para resolução da tarefa aplicada. Ademais, observou-se a importância do material manipulativo para alcançar o objetivo de encontrar conjecturas corretas para a tarefa.

Congenital Heart Disease in Low- and Lower-Middle-Income Countries: Current Status and New Opportunities.

The paper summarises the most recent data on congenital heart disease (CHD) in low- and lower-middle-income countries (LLMICs). In addition, we present an approach to diagnosis, management and interventions in these regions and present innovations, research priorities and opportunities to improve outcomes and develop new programs. The reported birth prevalence of CHD in LLMICs is increasing, with clear evidence of the impact of surgical intervention on the burden of disease. New methods of teaching and training are demonstrating improved outcomes. Local capacity building remains the key. There is a significant gap in epidemiological and outcomes data in CHD in LLMICs. Although the global agenda still does not address the needs of children with CHD adequately, regional initiatives are focusing on quality improvement and context-specific interventions. Future research should focus on epidemiology and the use of innovative thinking and partnerships to provide low-cost, high-impact solutions.

EXPLOITATION OF MCDA TO LEARN THE RADIAL BASE NEURAL NETWORK (RBFNN) AIM PHYSICAL AND SOCIAL VULNERABILITY ANALYSIS VERSUS THE EARTHQUAKE (CASE STUDY: SANANDAJ CITY, IRAN)

Abstract. Despite years of research on natural hazards and efforts to reduce physical and psychological damage, earthquake as a natural disaster is catastrophic. Though, human is the main axis in dealing with crisis and vulnerability, and since the space of cities encompasses largest population spectrum, managing this space is considered as an essential issue. Accordingly, the vulnerability of the City of Sanandaj was defined by environmental, physical and social criteria. In this regard, with the aim of modeling, and assessing the risk and vulnerability, the MCDA-ANN hybrid model was introduced as a new method for teaching of learning models. In order to determine the final value of each of the criteria, AHP analysis was performed as one of the MCDA methods to solve complex and non-structural problems by creating a functional hierarchy, and after that, a training data base for learning ANN was created randomly based on the AHP classification map. Then, for modeling, the radial base functional neural network (RBFNN) was used as one of the techniques of artificial neural networks. After the modeling, 30% of the points were selected as validation data to determine the accuracy of the model. After the implementation of RBFNN model, the area of AUC curve resulted is 0.922, which indicates the high accuracy of the model in assessing the risk of an earthquake. The results show high vulnerability in urban areas1 and 2 and in downtown Sanandaj that in these zones the physical and social factors dramatically affect the vulnerability of these areas.

THE RESULTS OF THE PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF FUTURE ECONOMISTS IN THE SYSTEM OF CONTINUOUS EDUCATION

The relevance of the research is connected with the necessity of diagnosing the state of professional training of future economists at the present stage.The purpose of the article is to analyze the state of professional training of future economists in the system of vocational education. The achievement of the research goal made it possible to use general theoretical methods: analysis, synthesis, specification, generalization and empirical methods: surveys and questionnaires.It is stated that the possibility of individualization of educational trajectories of higher education graduates in the laws and regulations now begins to be implemented gradually in institutions of higher education, but the practical realization of this process has significant differences in different institutions of higher education and is far from reaching the model level. It is established that the choice of educational disciplines of choice is carried out formally and does not allow higher education applicants to fully realize their personal potential and internal academic mobility. The necessity of approximation to asynchronous training and introduction of tutors aimed at helping applicants of higher education to form individual educational trajectories, develop professional competencies and others are emphasized. It is established that the crisis of the knowledge paradigm, the implementation of the competent approach, determined the reorientation of the teaching staff of higher education institutions to search and approbate new approaches to traditional and innovative educational technologies and methods. It is stated that scientific, pedagogical and pedagogical workers of institutions of higher education are more conservative, cautious and balanced regarding the ratio of traditional and new forms and methods of work; continue to appreciate the effectiveness of traditional forms of educational work in the training of future economists: lectures, seminars and practical classes, laboratory works, etc. The questionnaire of students makes possible to ascertain the urgent need and the need to update the tried and tested forms of organization of the educational process traditionally used. The results of the questionnaire allowed to state that teachers and students as participants in the educational process are well-informed about the range of innovative forms and active methods of training future economists. Most respondents see the use of these forms and methods as positive changes in the organization of the educational process. However, lecturers judge and critically evaluate their level of knowledge of new methods of teaching, consider it necessary to increase their professional qualifications.

An evaluation of the effect of examination reform on the teaching of Psychiatry

Objective To determine the impact of new methods in teaching and examination on students' learning of psychiatry by increasing the proportion of objective questions in the final exam papers through examination reform, so as to help students adapt to the Practitioner Examination. Methods A total of 483 students from grade 2011 & 2012 were selected as research subjects. Through the comparative study of the test scores under different teaching methods before and after the examination reform, the SPSS 22.0 statistical software was used to analyze the structure, reliability, difficulty and level of differentiation of the examine papers via t tests. Results Examination papers after the reform showed an increase in difficulty in all question types; some question types also had higher levels of differentiation. Students receiving PBL-based education had higher scores compared to those under traditional teaching methods. The difference was statistically significant. Conclusion PBL teaching mode is more conducive to the mastering of knowledge points and helps students improve grades in objective questions. Medical schools should increase the use of PBL teaching reform in psychiatry courses and conduct examination reform, so as to improve the teaching effect and the passing rate of Practitioners Examination. Key words: Psychiatry; Test question types; Teaching methods; Examination reform

Students’ perception of the impact of competences on learning: An analysis with business simulations

Digital technology and information and communication technologies (ICTs) have provided new methods for teaching and learning that help students reap valuable benefits; however, they are not exempt from criticism regarding their effectiveness for learning. This study aims to analyse the contribution of one of these e-learning methods—business simulation games—to enhancing students' learning outcomes, and will try to determine which competences are perceived by students to contribute most to improving learning. The study was conducted through the use of questionnaires, which were given to 115 students who were participating in business simulation games within official management courses as part of bachelor's and master's degrees. The findings reveal that generic competences exert a positive influence on learning outcomes. In the case of specific managerial competences, however, the effect was found to be insignificant. The findings also reveal better learning outcomes of younger students participating in business simulation games compared to older students. This study has pedagogical implications for deciding the best way to enhance students' learning outcomes when using business simulation tools.

School Administrators’ Perspectives on Teachers From Different Generations: SWOT Analysis

The aim of this study was to examine the perspective of school administrators with regard to teachers from different generations. In this study, the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of each generation were examined. This study was conducted as a Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, and Threat (SWOT) analysis. The study group consisted of 26 school administrators from the Dilovası district of Kocaeli province, Turkey. According to the school administrators, the Baby Boomer generation shows their strengths with discipline and experience, Generation X with determination, and Generation Y with their abilities in technology. As for the weaknesses of each generation, Baby Boomers are against innovation and disobedient of the management, Generation X claims to know everything, and Generation Y is inexperienced. What creates opportunities for schools is that Baby Boomers manage crises and transfer experience, Generation X acts as a bridge between the generations, and Generation Y applies new methods in education. For the threats of different generations to the school, the school administrators stated that Baby Boomers hinder innovation, Generation X is disloyal, and Generation Y is inexperienced and against the system.

Development of a simulation-based sub-module in undergraduate medical education.

It is well documented that medical students struggle to bridge the theory-practice gap. Competently integrating classroom-taught skills into the clinical setting is a challenge. A survey of final year medical students identified a lack of confidence in managing common clinical emergencies that are experienced in the Intern role. The researchers devised a new sub-module to include high-fidelity simulation in the undergraduate medical curriculum. This development was underpinned by an educational curriculum model. Students attended small group teaching using high-fidelity simulation training (Sim-Man 3G ™) and practiced managing common emergencies. Training sessions were facilitated by clinical tutors and anaesthetic lecturers. Cases were supplied by clinical staff. An evidence-based format was utilised as an integrative teaching method. A simulation-based sub-module based on Finks Taxonomy was planned, introduced and evaluated. Utilisation of a high-fidelity simulation-based approach to teaching had a marked effect on student's confidence in their ability to manage clinical emergencies. Students reported very positive attitudes to this new method of teaching, specifically related to the integration of previously acquired knowledge and skills. A hands-on practical approach in a safe learning environment was valued by students. The module descriptor devised can be used as a template for further curricular reform. Simulation-based teaching is feasible in the undergraduate setting and may ease the transition to postgraduate teaching modalities.

An online workshop integrated into Immunology course to teach pharmacogenomics to the first-year pharmacy students

Abstract Genetic basis of antibody structure is taught as a part of didactic course of Immunology to first-year pharmacy students. Therefore, we designed a three-hour workshop for P-1 students as a part of didactic Immunology course. Online workshops offer a rich multimedia learning experience, the interactive format includes guided learning videos, engaging discussion, assessment and comprehensive survey. Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE) Standards 2016 include pharmacogenomics, it is the responsibility of pharmacy schools to prepare pharmacists entering clinical practice to effectively use genetic data in the delivery of precision medicine. However, in a 2010 survey the state of pharmacogenomics instruction at most pharmacy schools was reported as “poor” or “not at all adequate”. Pharmacogenomics is defined as the study of how genes affects a person’s response to drugs. We proposed a new method of instruction using online learning resources to drive better learning and awareness of pharmacogenomics at a very early stage in pharmacy education. 64 students were included in this study. Two YouTube videos 45 minutes each, i.e., one describing basic genetics and the other pharmacogenomics were posted on Moodle. A case-study model was used to bring home the basic concepts. A pre- and post-workshop google forum was posted to assess student’s learning. A Moodle-based chat forum was also incorporated to take students questions during the workshop. The data showed that most of the students were unware of the importance and relevance of pharmacogenomics and the workshop improved learning this significantly. Online learning tools like workshops were found to be student-friendly and a flexible format with no scheduled meeting times.

Developing visual literacy competencies while learning course content through visual journaling: teacher candidate perspectives

As modes of language have changed to incorporate more robust multiliteracies, thoughtful interactions are required for teaching and learning within higher education. This qualitative case study considers how new methods of instruction are perceived in higher education through the inclusion of academic visual journals over two semesters of required literacy courses in a Bachelor of Education program in Ontario, Canada. Interviews, transcriptions of in-class dialogue, visual journal artefacts and researcher observations were used to elucidate findings which were disseminated using a Modified Constant Comparative (MCC) method of analysis. The results show how participants move from previous dependence on dominant modes of communication, such as reading and writing, to experiment with different modes of communication. Along the way, participants discover how to envision new ways of thinking about creativity, ownership, reflection and assessment. They also realize expanded communication options, who they are as learners, and the power of transmediation as reflective practice for learning deeply about course content. The results suggest that this embodied practice of academic visual journaling is significant for legitimizing new discourses surrounding visual literacy practices in higher education.

ПЕРЕОСМИСЛЕННЯ ПРАВНИЧИХ ШКІЛ У ЧАСИ СИСТЕМНИХ ЗМІН. ЯК АДАПТУВАТИ ПРАВНИЧУ ШКОЛУ ДО ДВАДЦЯТЬ ПЕРШОГО СТОРІЧЧЯ? ПОЛЬСЬКА ПЕРСПЕКТИВА

To prepare law students to be efficient lawyers, European law schools need to reinvent themselves. This article presents the reform proposal we created for our university in 2016-2017. It is based on our experience as students, academics and practitioners. According to us, law schools while reinventing curricula should focus on interdisciplinarity and cooperation. The law schools should create a platform for cooperation with the business community, whose objective will be to work together on the substantive content of particular classes (especially in higher years of study) so students will become familiar with current problems during their studies. Law schools should also take into account the path students can choose after graduation. The fact is the Polish law schools treat every single student in the same way under the assumption that after graduation student will become a lawyer, and choose the classic path to become for example a judge or an advocate (attorney at law). The reality is however completely different. We see the law as a living instrument, so we have found new methods of teaching. We believe only all these changes put together, combined with the development of an integrated system of teaching and methods, will allow creating a law school of the future.

ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ І ПРАКТИКА ВПРОВАДЖЕННЯ СИСТЕМНОГО ПІДХОДУ У ФОРМУВАННІ ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ НАДІЙНОСТІ МАЙБУТНІХ ОФІЦЕРІВ У ЗБРОЙНИХ СИЛАХ УКРАЇНИ

The methodology of systematic approach of guaranteeing the quality of training for military specialists in higher military educational institutions is disclosed in the article. It was determined that the process of education and upbringing takes place under conditions of change of pedagogical goals in any pedagogical system. This process is accompanied by the emergence of new tasks in the field of education and education as society develops. There is a constant updating of scientific information, in the conditions of improvement of existing ones and creation of new methods of teaching and upbringing. There is a constant update of the student and teacher contingent throughout the learning and upbringing process. The systematic approach as a methodological basis for the development of quality assurance systems for the training of military specialists in higher military educational institutions is revealed. It is found that the systematic approach does not exist in the form of a clear methodology with a defined logical concept. This system, formed from a set of logical techniques, methodological rules and principles of theoretical research, thus performs a heuristic function in the general system of scientific knowledge. The functioning of the system is the process of professional training of future military specialists in higher military educational establishments. An important result of the functioning of the system is the high level of readiness of future military specialists for practical activity. This can be achieved by ordering the system based on certain principles. These principles include: the principle of objectivity, completeness, specific-historical (genetic) approach, systematic, contradictory pedagogical experience.

Language Learning Strategies for Digital Classrooms

With the transitions from traditional print literacies to online multiliteracies around the world, digital learning is increasingly influencing language teaching and learning. An increasing number of students are responding more easily to interactive digital media or to digital compositions of image and sounds than they do to the traditional classrooms and texts. There is increasing pressure from teachers and learners to develop skills and knowledge needed in a digital age, and adopt new models and designs for teaching and learning. For those teachers who are willing to experiment new models and designs for teaching, it is important that they give students more time to adapt to the new method of instruction and apply appropriate management strategies to maximize their teaching effectiveness. With the aid of new age digital tools, and through technology enabled classroom strategies, students can be more active in language learning and develop communication skills and creativity.

Utilising <i>Grasia</i> to Increase Pupils’ Motivation and Participation in Grammar Lesson

Grammar lessons can be dull especially when the lessons are conducted in a one-way interaction where pupils are required only to listen and absorb the information conveyed by the teacher. This lacklustre teaching practice should be changed. This research was intended to create a new way of teaching and learning grammar which is a transition from boring drilling towards exciting grammar lesson. Employing Action Research design, this research aimed to test a new method of teaching and learning grammar which is using Grasia (Grammar through Tarsia) in English language grammar lesson. The respondents of the research were from primary and secondary school pupils. 19 pupils from two primary schools in Daro and Lubok Antu, as well as, 21 pupils from a secondary school in Baram district were chosen as participants through convenient sampling method. The data of this research were obtained through teacher observation questionnaire and self-assessment survey which were carried out before and after Grasia was implemented in grammar lesson. The findings indicated a positive outcome among the participants after teaching and learning session through Grasia. This finding is fundamental to give an insight to all the teachers that a change is needed in order to carry out a fun and meaningful grammar lesson. Grasia provides alternative methods for teachers to introduce grammar items in a fun and engaging way rather than chalk and talk lesson.

МЕТОДОЛОГІЯ СИСТЕМНОГО ПІДХОДУ ГАРАНТУВАННЯ ЯКОСТІ ПІДГОТОВКИ ВІЙСЬКОВИХ ФАХІВЦІВ У ВИЩИХ ВІЙСЬКОВИХ НАВЧАЛЬНИХ ЗАКЛАДАХ

he methodology of systematic approach of guaranteeing the quality of training for military specialists in higher militaryeducational institutions is disclosed in the article. It was determined that the process of education and upbringing takes placeunder conditions of change of pedagogical goals in any pedagogical system. This process is accompanied by the emergence ofnew tasks in the field of education and education as society develops. There is a constant updating of scientific information, inthe conditions of improvement of existing ones and creation of new methods of teaching and upbringing. There is a constantupdate of the student and teacher contingent throughout the learning and upbringing process.The systematic approach as a methodological basis for the development of quality assurance systems for the training ofmilitary specialists in higher military educational institutions is revealed. It is found that the systematic approach does not existin the form of a clear methodology with a defined logical concept. This system, formed from a set of logical techniques,methodological rules and principles of theoretical research, thus performs a heuristic function in the general system of scientificknowledge.The functioning of the system is the process of professional training of future military specialists in higher militaryeducational establishments. An important result of the functioning of the system is the high level of readiness of future militaryspecialists for practical activity. This can be achieved by ordering the system based on certain principles. These principlesinclude: the principle of objectivity, completeness, specific-historical (genetic) approach, systematic, contradictory pedagogicalexperience.

Conditions for changes in the programme and teaching methodology of accounting in terms of integrated reporting challenges— The prospect of the academic teacher

The main aim of this paper is to present the conditions and extent of the changes in the program and teaching methodology of accounting in higher education on the example of Cracow University of Economics in the aspect of the integrated reporting challenges. Non-financial reporting is an obligation imposed on individuals, focused on the internationalization of information presented in reporting. Authors previous studies indicate that published integrated reports, meet the requirements recommended by the IIRC in a small way, in terms of presentation of each of its components. There are difficulties in assessing the reliability of the presented issues, due to the complex or, in some cases, impossible process of measuring. The challenge may serve as both an efficient process of development recommended, and relevant information in a way that is understandable, as well as in the long term, effective measurement and evaluation by the external auditors. This implies new challenges and requirements for change in the area of teaching accounting and search new methods of education which increase the efficiency of existing models of education and will be a response to new needs. The basic research methods used to achieve this goal is a critical review of domestic and foreign literature, analysis of study plans of Cracow University of Economics and own researches carried out among university teachers by means of a questionnaire survey in order to obtain their opinions about the current situation and desired direction changes. In formulating the proposals was used the method of deduction and synthesis. The article was presented the idea of an integrated reporting, then, based on our own research, an attempt was made to diagnose the current preparation of students for the making of integrated reports based on the applicable study plans and to determine the desired directions of changes. The results are not subject to generalization outside the scope of the institution where the research was carried out but provide guidance for other organizations considering taking action in the area of preparing students for integrated reports. The results of the conducted research indicate the need for changes in the structure and scope of study plans and increased pressure on the evolution and development of "soft" competencies students in higher education.
 
 Keywords: programme, teaching methodology, Cracow University

Assessing consumer food safety education needs across the state of Washington: Implications for nationwide extension programming

AbstractWashington State University Extension conducted a statewide consumer food safety assessment, to evaluate consumer food safety practices within Washington state, with the intent of creating and delivering new and effective food safety programming. The results of this study showed a lack of consumer knowledge across a broad spectrum. Moreover, the results showed that Extension needs to play a greater role in educating consumers about food safety. Social media and websites are more likely to drive consumer education. Statewide data was sometimes inconsistent with nationwide data, and geographical and demographic differences may play a role in local food safety knowledge.Practical applicationsExtension plays a major role in food safety education across the United States. Classical extension programming and access has a far lesser reach in todays internet‐based society. The information presented below can help direct new methods of education and outreach, by focusing efforts on behavior change and consumer access through web‐based resources.

Research on Marketing Experiential Teaching Method

The market marketing is a practical subject, is a process that needs to practice production and profit, this process needs to be actually done. This requirement decides that the traditional teaching method cannot meet the teaching of marketing major, therefore, colleges and universities in the process of marketing teaching should be the introduction of new teaching methods. The most direct and effective way to acquire knowledge and skills is to experience. And experiential teaching satisfies this point. Experience type teaching is a new method of education and training, through the simulation of the real scene, lets the student experience and comprehension, this method can not only arouse the students' interest in active learning, still can make students better grasp the knowledge, understanding knowledge, at the same time students in theory can be transformed to in practical operation ability.