New Generation Of Migrant Workers Research Articles

The impact of left-behind experience on urban identity of new-generation migrant workers.

We investigate the impact of left-behind experiences on the urban identity of new-generation migrant workers using data from the 2017 China Migrants Dynamic Survey. The results show the following: (1) The left-behind experience is an important factor undermining the urban identity of new-generation migrant workers, and the conclusion remains consistent after robustness checks, such as propensity score matching. (2) Left-behind experiences of both parents away from home had the most significant negative impact on urban identity. (3) The results of the mechanism tests indicate that the left-behind experience exerts an adverse impact on urban identity through the pathways of poorer physical health, more frequent migration, more challenging job search, and stronger dependence on preexisting social networks. The findings of this study also offer policy suggestions for promoting the urban identity of new-generation migrant workers.

Social cognition, socioeconomic status and subjective well-being of Chinese migrant workers

Subjective well-being is based on the unity of internal and external needs, as well as material and non-material needs. However, existing research lacks consideration of the impact of both objective material conditions and subjective psychological cognition on the subjective well-being of migrant workers. Thus, based on data from the 2017 China General Social Survey, this paper applies ordered logit models and OLS models to investigate the impact of social cognition and socioeconomic status on the subjective well-being of migrant workers and their intergenerational differences. The results indicate that: (1) Social cognition has a significant impact, and the impact of fairness perception is more pronounced than depression perception and class change perception; (2) among socioeconomic status, personal income did not have a significant effect as education level, car ownership and house property ownership; (3) there are intergenerational differences. The emotional state of the older generation is the most critical factor influencing their subjective well-being. In contrast, the new generation is more concerned with their feelings about future expectations. The older generation is more concerned with their house property ownership, while the increase in income, education and car ownership can significantly increase the subjective well-being of the new generation. For this reason, we believe that the Chinese government should gradually change the existing urban and rural management system to create a fair and just social environment; make migrant workers receive the same protection as urban residents and improve the income distribution mechanism; pay attention to the social security of the older generation of migrant workers and the development opportunities of the new generation of migrant workers and their ability to integrate into the city to improve their subjective well-being.

Does learning ambidexterity affect the sense of urban integration among new-generation migrant workers in China? An empirical study based on career growth and environmental dynamism

AbstractThe urban integration of new-generation migrant workers is an important part of the process of new urbanization in China, and the acquisition of a sense of urban integration is one of the necessary signs of urban integration for new-generation migrant workers. Based on ambidexterity theory, we used a multiple regression analysis to study the mechanism underlying the effects of learning ambidexterity on the sense of urban integration of new-generation migrant workers. The empirical results showed that learning ambidexterity had significant and positive effects on both sense of urban integration and career growth; career growth had a partial mediating effect on the relationship between learning ambidexterity and sense of urban integration; environmental dynamism had a positive moderating effect on the relationship between exploratory learning and career growth; and environmental dynamism had a positive moderating effect on the relationship between exploitative learning and sense of urban integration. This study responds to previous research on the ambidexterity of migrant workers and further enriches the ambidexterity theory in research on migrant workers from the perspectives of career growth and urban integration. And in contrast to earlier studies, this research introduces environmental dynamism and establishes an analysis framework for migrant worker urban integration in a dynamic environment.

Employment and Citizenizationof China's New Generation Migrant Workers in the Digital Economy Era

The diffusion of digital technology and business models globally has brought about new employment patterns, reshaping daily life and social relationships. Over the past few decades, the rapid growth of China's internet industry has fueled the development of the digital economy, giving rise to new forms of employment and labor relations. This has brought both new employment opportunities and challenges to migrant workers. As the primary labor force in modern society, the new generation of migrant workers is gradually engaging in new types of work in the context of digital development. However, as both migrant workers and new types of employees, they face issues related to the protection of labor rights and the process of citizenization in the city. This paper discusses the issues related to the citizenization of the new generation of migrant workers in the context of digitization and proposes recommendations and solutions.

Towards Solving School Enrollment of Migrant Workers' Children: Inspiration and promotion on the education model of World Association of United World Colleges

With the development of China's economy, the number of migrant workers is increasing. Due to the urban-rural dual economic structure and the differences in education level between urban and rural areas, the problem of compulsory education in the accompanying children of a new generation of migrant workers has come to the forefront. It is especially manifested in the difficulties for children of migrant workers integrating into urban schools, such as failure in language communication, lack of adaptability to the school atmosphere, lagging behind in school performance, and even falling into psychological problems. Therefore, it is urgent to help children of migrant workers to integrate into their schools. In fact, the education model of World Association of United World Colleges (UWC) is considered as a potentially promising solution with focusing on cultivating global citizenship and social responsibility. It improves students' comprehensive quality and ability through cross-cultural exchanges and practical activities, which helps migrant workers' children to better adapt to the social environment, and enhances their competitiveness and development prospects. Hence, such an education model could also provide us with a new idea and methodology. We could draw lessons from the model and promote its excellent philosophy to help children of migrant workers to integrate into their schools.

Retracted: Embedded Demand, Policy Supply, and the Urban Spatial Effect of the Transformation of the New Generation of Migrant Workers into Citizens

Retracted: Embedded Demand, Policy Supply, and the Urban Spatial Effect of the Transformation of the New Generation of Migrant Workers into Citizens

Does the Perception of Unemployment Risk Affect the Willingness of Urban Citizenship of Chinese New-Generation Migrant Workers?

Presently, the pace of transformation within traditional sectors of the Chinese economy is accelerating, resulting in the gradual demise of traditional occupations. Consequently, the emerging cohort of Chinese migrant workers confronts unprecedented challenges pertaining to their professional prospects and assimilation into urban society. In order to examine the impact of perceived unemployment risk on the inclination of new-generation migrant workers to embrace urban citizenship, we introduce the notions of environmental dynamism and active skill development as moderating variables. Employing multiple regression analysis, we construct a dual moderating model. The results of our study indicate that the perception of unemployment risk positively predicts the willingness of new-generation migrant workers to embrace urban citizenship. Moreover, we observe that environmental dynamism exerts a positive moderating influence on the relationship between unemployment risk perception and citizenship inclination. Additionally, active skill development serves to positively moderate the moderating effect of environmental dynamism. This study not only reveals the unique influence of subjective unemployment risk perception on the inclination towards urban citizenship but also sheds light on the role played by environmental dynamism and active skill development in this context. The findings of this research further enhance the theoretical framework pertaining to the study of urban citizenship inclination among new-generation Chinese migrant workers.

Does the Perception of Unemployment Risk Affect the Willingness of Urban Citizenship of Chinese New-Generation Migrant Workers?

Does the Perception of Unemployment Risk Affect the Willingness of Urban Citizenship of Chinese New-Generation Migrant Workers?

Does Childhood Left-Behind Experience Affect New Generation of Migrant Workers’ Willingness to Settle in Towns and Cities?

ABSTRACT This paper investigates whether the experience of being left during childhood affects the new generation of migrant workers’ willingness to settle in towns and cities and its internal mechanism from a life-cycle perspective. Using the 2017 China Migrants Dynamic Survey, we found that the experience of being left behind during childhood has a significantly negative impact on people’s willingness to settle in towns and cities, and it has an impact through the individual’s education level, health status, financial situation and social skills. Furthermore, heterogeneity analysis reveals that the abovementioned effects were more notable in the samples left-behind experience with female, high frequency of mobility, short period of mobility, cross-provincial, and being left behind when both parents are working in cities. These findings add to the research on population migration.

Unlocking Opportunities for Migrant Workers in China: Analyzing the Impact of Health Insurance on Hukou Switching Intentions

The Chinese urban–rural binary health insurance structure has contributed to a significant urban–rural segmentation and regional fragmentation, which will affect labor mobilization and urbanization. The purpose of this research is to study whether and how urban–rural binary health insurance impacts the intentions of migrant workers to switch between rural and urban hukou. Pooled data were drawn from China Migrants Dynamic Survey, collected by the National Health Commission of China. The study applied the instrument variable model due to the existence of the endogeneity; and the IVprobit model to conduct the empirical analysis. Our findings are as follows: (1) the urban–rural binary health insurance affects migrant workers’ intentions to switch to urban hukou significantly. (2) The negative impact of originally rural health insurance on migrant workers’ intention of switching to urban hukou is relatively large for low-education-level migrant workers. (3) Compared with new generation of migrant workers, old migrant workers have higher health insurance dependency levels. Finally, our research suggested several policy implications, such as accelerating the establishment of a unified urban–rural health insurance system, increasing the urban health insurance participation rate of migrant workers in their working cities, and including migrant workers in the scope of equal access to urban public services, etc. All the policy suggestions are essential in order to accelerate the citizenization of migrant workers, improve the quality of urbanization, and promote the construction of a unified national labor market.

Job Mobility and Subjective Well-Being among New-Generation Migrant Workers in China: The Mediating Role of Interpersonal Trust.

New-generation migrant workers refers to those born in 1980 or thereafter, who become the majority of rural–urban migrants. New-generation migrant workers in Chinese cities are struggling with a lack of urban resources, which may lead to low well-being. On the basis of a questionnaire survey of 203 new-generation migrant workers, we used a multiple regression analysis to study new-generation migrant workers’ well-being and the mechanism underlying the effect of job mobility on well-being. The job mobility scale, interpersonal trust scale, and Affect Balance Scale were used. Results showed that job mobility was positively correlated with new-generation migrant workers’ subjective well-being and interpersonal trust, and interpersonal trust was positively correlated with subjective well-being. Interpersonal trust mediated the effect of job mobility on subjective well-being. In conclusion, job mobility can bring some benefits to new-generation migrant workers, that is, job mobility may increase their subjective well-being by increasing their interpersonal trust.

Embedded Demand, Policy Supply, and the Urban Spatial Effect of the Transformation of the New Generation of Migrant Workers into Citizens

Drawing on the urban space theory, based on the interaction between policy supply and right demand, this paper constructs a theoretical model of the spatial fit and inhibition effect of the urban transformation of the new generation of migrant workers from the perspective of right demand and policy supply, to explore the urban space fit and restraining effect caused by the policy supply on the new generation of migrant workers. For that reason, under the guidance of the theoretical model, this paper makes an investigation and empirical analysis on the transformation of some new-generation migrant workers in the Yangtze River Delta, and the conclusion is as follows: the basic rights demand of the new generation of migrant workers embedded in urban space has a positive effect on the realization of their citizens’ transformation will, but the supply policy of citizens’ transformation has a restraining effect.

Application of the dual-factor model of mental health among Chinese new generation of migrant workers

BackgroundTraditional models of mental health focus on psychopathological symptoms. In contrast, the dual-factor model of mental health integrates positive mental health and psychopathology into a mental health continuum, which is an adaptation and complement to the traditional mental health research paradigm. The new generation of migrant workers is an important part of current Chinese society. Their identity has created a sense of loneliness, rootlessness, and alienation. This paper validates the applicability of the dual-factor model of mental health among new generation migrant workers in China.MethodsIn this study, 600 new generation migrant workers were recruited and tested on the symptom checklist 90, satisfaction with life scale, perceived stress scale, employee engagement inventory. Descriptive statistics and ANOVA were performed, the differences between the unidimensional model and dual-factor model were also tested.ResultsThe results showed that the dual-factor model of the mental health approach had better construct validity than the unidimensional model. And four subgroups could be significantly discriminated by the dual-factor model: mentally healthy (58.45%), vulnerable (30.87%), symptomatic but content (3.11%), and troubled (7.57%). Compared to the other three groups, workers who were mentally healthy showed higher perceived work values and lower perceived work stress.ConclusionsThe study suggests that a dual-factor model of mental health can be applied to new generation migrant workers in China, with positive mental health and psychopathology being important predictors of mental health.

Applying resource bricolage theory to the city integration of new-generation migrant workers in China.

New-generation migrant workers in Chinese cities are struggling with a lack of urban resources, such as capital, skills, and relationships. To cope with the pressure of these resource constraints, new-generation migrant workers obtain urban development opportunities through resource bricolage. Based on a questionnaire survey of 365 new-generation migrant workers, we used a multiple regression analysis to study the mechanism underlying the effects of resource bricolage on the city integration of new-generation migrant workers. There were four findings: (1) resource bricolage had a significant positive effect on career growth and city integration; (2) career growth had a mediation effect on the relationship between resource bricolage and city integration; (3) environmental dynamism had a positive moderating effect on the relationship between resource bricolage and city integration for new-generation migrant workers; and (4) resource bricolage and environmental dynamism had a moderating effect on city integration through the mediation effect of career growth. The results suggest that resource bricolage promotes the career growth of new-generation migrant workers and further promotes their city integration, and that the environmental dynamism faced by workers is the external condition for promoting integration through resource bricolage. The study emphasizes the importance of resource bricolage in new-generation migrant workers’ city integration.

新生代农民工市民化进程中群体特征、现实困境及改革路向

新生代农民工市民化进程中群体特征、现实困境及改革路向

The Status Quo, Dilemma and Path Innovation of the Citizenization of the New Generation of Migrant Workers

The citizenization of the new generation of migrant workers is the only way to promote China’s urbanization. Based on the development status of the new generation of migrant workers, this paper summarizes the difficulties encountered in the four aspects of employment, housing, social security and the education of migrant workers' children in the process of citizenization, finally explores four innovative ways of citizenization of the new generation of migrant workers, such as, strengthening vocational skills training to improve the employment quality of the new generation of migrant workers, improving the housing security mechanism to ensure that they have a place to live, improving the social security system to safeguard that they can be treated for their illnesses and the elderly, improving the distribution of educational resources to promote fair education for the children of them.

The Role of New Media in the Identity Transformation of the New Generation of Migrant Workers

The new generation of migrant workers has become a large population in China. After leaving their rural hometown and entering big cities, they face the challenge of identity transformation. As an indispensable component of modern life, the rapidly developing new media plays an important role in their adaptation and integration into urban life. This research examines how and to what extent new media facilitates the identity transformation of the new generation of migrant workers by conducting qualitative interviews. It is found that although new media can help the new generation of migrant workers realize the transformation in job hunting, daily life, entertainment, social life and education, the effect on helping them break through the identity barrier is still limited. New media’s different role in their material life and spiritual life, changes in their use of new media after coming to cities, and their motivations for using new media have been discussed as well.

Cultural Information Service Cooperation for the New Generation of Migrant Workers to Adapt to the City

Cultural Information Service Cooperation for the New Generation of Migrant Workers to Adapt to the City

Why Migrant Workers in China Continue to Build Large Houses in Home Villages: A Case Study of a Migrant-Sending Village in Anhui

This article uses a case study of a migrant-sending village in Anhui to understand why migrant workers build large houses in home villages. The rural sex-ratio imbalance at marriageable ages, heightened by the rural-urban migration of women, has led to an increase in the negotiating power of young women in the rural marriage market. Young men’s families construct large houses to attract potential brides and facilitate patrilocal residence. The lack of maternity leave and affordable childcare in migrant destination cities encourages female migrants to return to the countryside to give birth to and raise children. Large rural houses offer young female migrants comfortable places to live and privacy when they cohabitate with their parents-in-law, who help them raise their children. Although most new-generation migrant workers do not have agricultural experience, rural areas are important to this generation because they provide affordable housing and family support.

Well-being and health-related quality of life in new-generation migrant workers in Zhejiang province, China

BackgroundThe purpose of this study is to evaluate the reliability and validity of the multiple happiness questionnaire (MHQ) in new-generation migrant workers (NGMW), to compare the difference of well-being and Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) in NGMW with first-generation migrant workers (FGMW) and urban workers (UW), and to explore the relationship between well-being and HRQOL and analyze influential factors to well-being in NGMW in Zhejiang province, China.MethodsBy stratified sampling, 542 NGMW, 226 FGMW and 200 UW had completed the questionnaires in 2018. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient (a) for internal consistency of the multiple happiness questionnaire (MHQ) was used. Factor analysis was applied for construct validity. Scores of well-being and HRQOL were compared between NGMW and control groups. Spearman’s correlation was performed to clarify the relationship between well-being and HRQOL in NGMW. Multiple linear regression analytical methods were used to adjust confounding effects and to identify the variables that were associated with well-being.ResultsMHQ had good internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha overall was 0.960, subscales ranged from 0.754 to 0.957) and structural validity based on factor analysis. Except for life satisfaction and altruism commitment, there was a positive correlation between well-being and HRQOL in NGMW. There were significant differences in psychological well-being (PWB), health concern, subjective vitality, physical component summary (PCS) and mental component summary (MCS) between NGMW and FGMW. Compared to UW, NGMW’s general well-being (GWB), subjective well-being (SWB), life satisfaction, positive relation and altruism commitment scores were lower and their negative affect was higher. The GWB score was related to MCS, PCS, self-reported social status, marital status, age and monthly income.ConclusionThe results suggest that the MHQ is a reliable and valid measure for well-being in NGMW. There is a significant difference in well-being and HRQOL between NGMW and control groups. Well-being is higher in NGMW than in FGMW, but is lower than in UW. Well-being is related with HRQOL and may be affected by MCS, PCS, self-reported social status, marital status, age and monthly income in NGMW.