New Forms Of Support Research Articles

The Effects of Youth Job Seeker Allowance in South Korea

The severity of youth unemployment in South Korea has prompted the government to implement various preventive measures such as employment services and vocational training. Local governments implemented a Youth Job Seeker Allowance in 2016 as a new form of support, which was adopted by the central government in 2017. This study examines the impact of the Youth Job Seeker Allowance in South Korea on employment. It finds that the allowance had a positive effect on employment; recipients of the allowance have a higher probability of being employed. However, recipients took longer to obtain employment than non‐recipients, corroborating previous studies that unemployment benefits lengthen the duration of unemployment. But, recipients of the allowance have more time to look for quality work. Therefore, although the Youth Job Seeker Allowance has the effect of demotivating recipients from looking for employment, its limited duration of three months obliges them to engage in job search activities. The study has implications for the introduction of Youth Job Seeker Allowance systems to support job search activities.

Forecasting Russian Food Exports in the Face of Uncertainty Using the Input-Output Method

The presented study examines the conditions and factors for the implementation of national projects in Russia during the transition towards a digital economy. Particular attention is paid to the use of the input-output method in forecasting the final operating results of the Russian agro-food industry, with a focus on identifying key factors for the growth of competitive food exports in the medium term.Aim. The study aims to analyze the specific aspects of forecasting Russian food exports in the face of uncertainty using the input-output method.Tasks. The authors substantiate the need to use the input-output method for the scientific analysis of management decisions in the field of foreign economic activity and identify the specific features of a new approach to forecasting food exports in the face of uncertainty.Methods. The methodology used in this study is determined by the increasing uncertainty of foreign economic relations, which calls for modern economic and mathematical methods in forecasting. The authors propose using their own modification of the symmetrical input-output table of the Russian agro-food industry and the method of dynamic data visualization to examine processes with a high level of uncertainty.Results. The study describes the conditions and factors for the growth of Russian food exports in the context of increasing uncertainty in the development of world trade; substantiates the necessity and presents the results of the transformation of operation of public and commercial organizations engaged in exports; proposes a systems approach to forecasting the vector of the final product of the Russian agro-food industry and the vector of exports as its component that would ensure the implementation of national projects to improve the population's quality of life; estimates the probability of sustainable growth of Russian food exports in the medium term.Conclusions. In the context of crisis phenomena in the world economy, the Russian export management system offers new forms of support for exporters through digital transformation of services, diversification of traditional foreign relations and state export support measures, ensures the dissemination of new efficient business practices and development of an export support strategy for the post-crisis period. By using the input-output method in the forecasting of food exports, it is possible to comprehensively substantiate a system of national projects aimed at increasing the population's quality of life and strengthening the country's food security. To justify forecasts amid the increasing uncertainty in the development of foreign economic relations, it is necessary to use data visualization over time to estimate the probability of achieving the parameters of national projects in the medium term.

Cuidado compartilhado de pessoas vivendo com HIV/AIDS na Atenção Primária

Introdução: Buscando instituir ações para prevenir e reduzir a transmissão, melhorar o acesso ao tratamento e a qualidade de vida das pessoas vivendo com HIV/AIDS (PVHIV), a rede municipal de saúde de Florianópolis implantou entre 2015 e 2016 uma nova forma de suporte em Infectologia para a Atenção Primária a Saúde (APS). Objetivo: Descrever os resultados encontrados no município no processo de descentralização e cuidado compartilhado de pessoas vivendo com HIV/AIDS (PVHIV) com a APS de Florianópolis. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo observacional, transversal e descritivo. Os dados foram obtidos de relatórios do prontuário eletrônico local e a partir de questionário estruturado aplicado junto aos médicos da APS de Florianópolis. Resultados: Entre 2014 e 2018, o número de atendimentos na APS relacionados ao cuidado de PVHIV teve um aumento expressivo, sobretudo após 2016, acompanhado de uma redução de 45,7% na proporção de encaminhamentos para infectologia após a implantação do apoio matricial em infectologia. Aliada à redução da taxa de encaminhamento evidenciou-se a habilidade na prescrição de Terapia Antirretroviral (TARV) por 100% dos médicos da APS entrevistados. Em relação à situação de acompanhamento de PVHIV, exclusivamente sob cuidados da APS, foi encontrada diferença estatisticamente significante entre os médicos que fazem preceptoria em ensino na graduação e residência e os que são residentes ou tem formação específica em medicina de família e comunidade (MFC) em relação aos médicos sem formação específica. A proporção de médicos que se sentem seguros e confiantes em realizar esse tipo de atendimento na APS também foi significativamente maior entre os médicos que fazem preceptoria e são médicos de família e comunidade. Conclusões: A implantação do Apoio Matricial da Infectologia para a APS trouxe grande avanço para o município de Florianópolis, no que tange ao acesso e qualificação do cuidado das pessoas vivendo com HIV/AIDS. Os resultados foram mais significativos para os profissionais envolvidos com atividades de preceptoria e formação específica em MFC, o que reforça o papel da educação permanente na qualificação da coordenação do cuidado pela APS.

Control the Capital: Cities and Political Dominance

As optimism about the ‘third wave’ of democratization has waned in the face of continued and renewed authoritarianism across the world, analyses of authoritarian dominance remain focused primarily on the national scale. We are argue that cities, and especially capital cities, play crucial roles in the production of dominance and the politics of maintaining it, as well as being sites of popular resistance. However, the varying ways in which governing elites deploy their resources and strategies in the urban arena in pursuit of dominance remain underexplored. In this conceptual framing paper for a multi-country comparative study spanning Africa and Asia, we suggest that strategies for urban dominance can be analyzed in accordance with two overlapping modalities: interventions that are generative by design (their primary intention is to create some new form of support); and those that are repressive by design (their primary aim is to destroy or inhibit some form of opposition). We then present a typology of strategies that cut across these spheres of intervention and include co-optation, legitimizing discourses, legal maneuvers, coercive distribution and violent coercion. This framework is designed to inform empirical analysis of strategies of urban dominance, how these change over time and how they are deployed in varying combinations, facilitating a deeper understanding of how struggles for control shape urban outcomes.

On-line podrška osobama s autizmom, njihovim porodicama i terapeutima tokom vanrednog stanja

Following the declaration of an international state of emergency due to the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak, in many countries, direct treatment of people with autism was suspended. With the introduction of the state of emergency in Serbia, effective from mid-March 2020, all forms of direct support to people with autism and their families were prevented. Instead, new forms of support in the virtual environment were increased and introduced. The purpose of this paper is to present forms of online support for people with autism during the state of emergency, in which the authors participated. Beneficiary users were either direct (people with autism spectrum disorder) or indirect (their parents and therapists). Depending on the time of effectuation, support was synchronous (in real-time) or asynchronous (appropriate materials available on the internet without direct contact between the support provider and client). Synchronous form of direct beneficiary users was the Youth Club, which included six people with high-functioning autism whose social skills treatment was accomplished in small groups, once a week, via video chat. Indirect beneficiary users in real-time support were parents who used online counseling services and early intervention providers who attended one-time online mentoring support. Asynchronous models included specially designed guidance for caregivers of people with autism in a state of emergency and a social story. Past experience indicates the need to create special protocols for dealing with people with autism in the state of emergency.

The Use of Atypical Forms of Employment with the Aim of Professional Activation of the Unemployed

One hallmark of Polish unemployment regulations introduced gradually from the early 1990s is that apart from protective actions i.e. unemployment benefits they make provision for instruments supporting professional activation of the unemployed. Throughout time the regulations concerning this matter evolved and new forms of support for the unemployed were introduced, taking into account the needs of the changing labour market. The necessity of tackling the challenges of the labour market in post-industrial economy, especially in terms of increasing employment flexibility, led to development and rise in significance of atypical employment forms. Such solutions are also used in encouraging professional activation of the unemployed. This study comprises analysis of three atypical employment practises: part-time employment, telework and temporary employment which apply to the unemployed in accordance with the rules of the Act of 20 April 2004 on employment promotion and on labour market institutions, regulations about job market instruments.

A Revised Model of Trust in Internet-Based Health Information and Advice: Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Study.

BackgroundThe internet continues to offer new forms of support for health decision making. Government, charity, and commercial websites increasingly offer a platform for shared personal health experiences, and these are just some of the opportunities that have arisen in a largely unregulated arena. Understanding how people trust and act on this information has always been an important issue and remains so, particularly as the design practices of health websites continue to evolve and raise further concerns regarding their trustworthiness.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to identify the key factors influencing US and UK citizens’ trust and intention to act on advice found on health websites and to understand the role of patient experiences.MethodsA total of 1123 users took part in an online survey (625 from the United States and 498 from the United Kingdom). They were asked to recall their previous visit to a health website. The online survey consisted of an updated general Web trust questionnaire to account for personal experiences plus questions assessing key factors associated with trust in health websites (information corroboration and coping perception) and intention to act. We performed principal component analysis (PCA), then explored the relationship between the factor structure and outcomes by testing the fit to the sampled data using structural equation modeling (SEM). We also explored the model fit across US and UK populations.ResultsPCA of the general Web trust questionnaire revealed 4 trust factors: (1) personal experiences, (2) credibility and impartiality, (3) privacy, and (4) familiarity. In the final SEM model, trust was found to have a significant direct effect on intention to act (beta=.59; P<.001), and of the trust factors, only credibility and impartiality had a significant direct effect on trust (beta=.79; P<.001). The impact of personal experiences on trust was mediated through information corroboration (beta=.06; P=.04). Variables specific to electronic health (eHealth; information corroboration and coping) were found to substantially improve the model fit, and differences in information corroboration were found between US and UK samples. The final model accounting for all factors achieved a good fit (goodness-of-fit index [0.95], adjusted goodness-of-fit index [0.93], root mean square error of approximation [0.50], and comparative fit index [0.98]) and explained 65% of the variance in trust and 41% of the variance in intention to act.ConclusionsCredibility and impartiality continue to be key predictors of trust in eHealth websites. Websites with patient experiences can positively influence trust but only if users first corroborate the information through other sources. The need for corroboration was weaker in the United Kingdom, where website familiarity reduced the need to check information elsewhere. These findings are discussed in relation to existing trust models, patient experiences, and health literacy.

Geographic differentiation of agritourism activities in Poland vs. cultural and natural attractiveness of destinations at district level.

One of the trends in today’s tourism sector is the development of environmentally-friendly tourism activities which rely on natural resources of cultural heritage and on biodiversity. This is definitely the case for agritourism, a form of rural tourism. The purpose of this paper is to identify the development aspects of Polish agritourism with particular emphasis on natural and cultural attractiveness. To demonstrate the relationship between agritourism activities of Polish farms and the cultural and natural attractiveness, the Hellwig’s synthetic development indicator was used. As shown by research, the cultural and natural attractiveness of a destination is an important exogenous development factor. Another finding was that the intensified efforts undertaken by the farmers to access EU funds were not focused on areas with valuable natural or cultural resources and an untapped agritourism potential; instead, they were oriented at regions dominated by semi-subsistence or family farms. For a large part of farmers, the new form of support is about to become a source of additional incomes.

Self-determined nudging: a system concept for human–machine interaction

Humans sometimes struggle when making decisions, because what they want to do in a specific moment can differ from what they feel they should do in general. This phenomenon can also be found in situations of human–machine interaction. In order to support humans in making decisions about their behavior, a new form of support is proposed, which is especially suitable for human–machine interaction: self-determined decision-making with nudging methods (or shortly: self-determined nudging). In this concept, firstly the aspirations of the human are assessed and then supporting mechanisms are offered to guide humans towards their self-set goals. With this procedure, machines can for example support humans in driving safely or economically, help them refraining from scheduling other appointments in their gym-timeslots or push them towards going to bed on time. While originally nudging is based on libertarian paternalism, the concept of self-determined nudging enables the person to decide which goals to get nudged towards. By different examples, it is shown that nudging ideas are already present in numerous technical applications. Then, it is demonstrated how the aspect of self-determination can enrich these approaches. Moreover, already existing as well as potential new implementations of self-determined nudging in the automotive domain are described. As an outlook, the set-up of a study on automated driving is presented.

Dinâmicas de Apoio ao Processo de Projeto Arquitetônico: a experiência com o Baralho da Escola no ambiente de ensino de projeto.

Os estudos sobre o processo de projeto em arquitetura permanecem como foco das pesquisas cujo enfoque é a melhoria da qualidade do edifício construído. Pesquisas recentes continuam avançando nos estudos sobre as questões cognitivas do cérebro humano e podem colaborar para o entendimento do processo criativo, inclusive na área de projeto arquitetônico. Diversas e novas formas de apoio às etapas do processo de projeto em arquitetura vem sendo estudadas, dando atenção às questões da cognição, da criatividade, da colaboração, da organização da informação e da produtividade e gestão das etapas, com o objetivo de melhorar a qualidade do produto final. Este artigo apresenta um estudo desenvolvido como parte do doutorado de uma das autoras sobre a importância da utilização dessas novas formas de apoio ao processo de projeto, levantando dinâmicas capazes de colaborar com o ambiente de ensino de projeto. Tais dinâmicas mostram-se dispersas pela literatura e em formatos variados, como jogos de tabuleiro, de cartas, grupos focais, brainstormings, ferramentas eletrônicas, entre outras. Apresenta-se revisão bibliográfica sobre essas técnicas disponíveis e a experiência de uso do jogo Baralho da Escola- Desembaralhando a Arquitetura Escolar no ambiente de ensino foi selecionada como estudo de caso para esta pesquisa. Testes com essa ferramenta foram utilizados com alunos de terceiro ano de arquitetura e urbanismo, da Universidade de São Paulo e sua utilização mostrou-se muito favorável, facilitando o aprendizado de programa arquitetônico. O formato do jogo propiciou maior foco dos participantes, por meio de uma discussão ampla e bastante produtiva. A experiência com a ferramenta do Baralho da Escola demonstrou que dinâmicas desse tipo podem ser incluídas no ambiente de ensino, tornando mais efetivo o ensino de conceitos através de maneiras mais criativas e engajadoras, facilitam o aprendizado.

Intersections of Insecurity, Nurturing, and Resilience: A Case Study of Turkana Women of Kenya

ABSTRACTIn a backdrop of low‐intensity violence, this article examines how Turkana women of northern Kenya work to maintain culturally honed nurturing practices. Often referred to as AK‐47 raids, this violence disrupts even the most basic subsistence tasks. Drawing on case studies and ethnographic interviews, I document how Turkana women reimagine nurturing practices using the “creative resources” at hand. Such resourcefulness includes widows breaking with levirate marriage systems, seeking new forms of support by leaving the pastoral sector to earn income to feed their children, and planting seeds when no one expected success. Further, these acts offer insights into women's resilience by documenting the sociocultural and structural challenges experienced as they reconstitute their lives. With a growing global health emphasis on the importance of early child development, these ethnographically grounded case studies offer insights into the lengths families will go to and the challenges they face to maintain practices of care. [mothering, gender, anthropology of food, conflict, pastoralism, Kenya, East Africa]

How does evidence help identify new forms of support for older people?

How does evidence help identify new forms of support for older people?

Supporting accused persons with cognitive disabilities to participate in criminal proceedings in Australia: Avoiding the pitfalls of unfitness to stand trial laws

In the 10 years since Australia has ratified the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD), the issue of the indefinite detention of persons with cognitive disabilities found unfit to stand trial has received considerable attention. Concerns have been raised by national media, law reform bodies and United Nations human rights agencies. Yet there remain few examples of formal change to unfitness to stand trial laws in Australia. This article focuses on the role of procedural accommodations in meeting CRPD requirements, and other accessibility measures to ensure accused persons with cognitive disabilities are able to take part in criminal proceedings on an equal basis with others. It examines support measures that appear in existing statute and case law within Australia and considers the need to develop new forms of support.

Analysis of knowledge transference processes in first mission activities of universities: portfolios as proposal of analytical tool for competitive intelligence functions

The relationship between higher education activities follows a sequential cycle focused on knowledge transference. The aim of this paper is to examine the details of the following associated questions of debate about KT (knowledge translation) in education mission activities (first mission): relationship between teaching activities and scientific research, correlation between learning and teaching quality, entrepreneurship and the Bologna Process: the reform of education systems and finally, learning &amp; teaching outcomes. This analysis allows a systematic approach to the specific goals of the Bologna Process that include promoting the student centred model, increasing the autonomy and accountability of universities, strengthening the responsibility of institutions for the quality of teaching, highlighting the excellence of learning, enhancing the quality of research and the transference of knowledge, as a basis for a competitive economy. In order to achieve this goal, from a CI (competitive intelligence) perspective, portfolios represent a critical tool for education systems as training-for-self-assessment, promoting new forms of support for the excellence of learning &amp; teaching activities and designing of curricula and programmes.

Social Housing in times of crisis

The consequences of the economic crisis on a social level are bringing about a series of changes in how we live and reside. Some of these transformations are destined to become structural and affect how housing is designed, to take into consideration new housing models, cultural diversity, nomadism linked to working mobility, and the ageing of the population.The provision of social housing must adapt to these transformations in society and respond to the challenge by expanding the services available to residents, in a new framework of relations between the public and private sectors.Public operators are joined by new parties such as foundations while attempting new forms of support for the private initiative, which adapts to cover a part of the requirement of the middle classes made more fragile by the crisis.

Does the single farm payment affect farmers' behaviour? A macro and micro analysis

Using Ireland as a case study, the overall aim of this paper is to determine if decoupled payments affect farmers’ behaviour. Using a dynamic, multi product, partial equilibrium model of the EU agricultural sector, this paper first compares levels of production that would be expected if decoupled payments had no impact on farmers’ activity with actual observed outcomes. Second this paper compares cereal and cattle farmers’ profitability prior to decoupling with that observed after the introduction of decoupled payments. The analysis presented here would suggest that decoupled payments do still maintain a significant effect on agricultural activity with farmers using this new form of support to partly subsidise unprofitable farm production.

Sourcing, Filtering, and Evaluating New Product Ideas: An Empirical Exploration of the Performance of Idea Markets

The proliferation of interconnectivity and interactivity through Internet‐based technologies enables new forms of support for new product development. This paper analyzes idea markets, which use widely distributed knowledge, the power of markets, and the Internet to support the crucial initial tasks of the new product development process, including the sourcing, filtering, and evaluation of new product ideas. Idea markets employ virtual stocks to represent new product ideas and allow participants to suggest and trade new product ideas in a virtual marketplace. This paper empirically explores the performance of idea markets in a real‐world field study at a large, high‐tech business‐to‐business company that includes more than 500 participants from 17 countries and features various idea sourcing tasks. The results indicate that idea markets are a feasible and promising method to support the fuzzy front end of the new product development process. Idea markets offer a platform and formal process to capture, select, and distribute ideas in an organization, which motivates employees to communicate their ideas to management. By effectively sourcing and contemporaneously filtering, idea markets help reduce the number of ideas brought to management's attention to those that seem worthy of further consideration. Because idea markets also have the ability to source many ideas, they can increase efficiency at the fuzzy front end of the new product development process.

Interkulturelle Arbeitswelt

Due to globalization, the professional lives of many people have an intercultural flavor. Focusing on expatriates, this article presents challenges of intercultural working scenarios and introduces the reader to means by which organizations can support their employees. In this regard, special attention is dedicated to a relatively new form of support: coaching.

A Janus Perspective

The month of January suggests the traditional meaning of the two-faced god, looking both backward to the old year and forward to the new. It also offers a rich series of analo- gies with the nature of this journal and the broader nature of the library and information profession. Appropriately enough, Janus was not only the god of beginnings and endings but of gates and doors—of portals. portal has sought to position libraries as gateways to information in the academy, and it now steps across a threshold of its own, ending one era of stewardship and beginning another. With the close of the 2008 volume, Charles Lowry moved on from his highly successful tenure as the editor and assumed leader- ship of the Association of Research Libraries. I have been given the great privilege of following in his footsteps and in those of the two other founding editors, Gloriana St. Clair and Susan K. Martin, who have led portal to become a substantive and respected voice in less than a decade since its birth. Charles gave great testimony to those leaders and to the journal's advocacy-driven history in his own inaugural editorial in 2004. 1 In looking back along the dynamic path the journal has traced since the early dis- cussions in 1999 and forward to the paths we might pursue to help shape our shared futures, I believe our original goal is as strong and relevant as ever: to address the role of libraries and librarians in meeting institutional missions. The founding editorial board of portal, of which I was a member, sought to establish a venue that would be in keeping with other work in academic librarianship and, yet, at the same time strike a different tone and reach across boundaries, mirror- ing the complexities of the higher education environ- ment. portal thus seeks to examine library administration, information technology, and new forms of support for research and teaching, scholarly communication, and information policy, not as internal or technical operations but from the perspective of how these matters ultimately have an impact on the academic enterprise. To understand Although the fundamental mission of librar- ies—and of this journal—is unchanged, our future challenges mount with the reshaping of publication, communication, education, economics, and societal expectations.

Pedagogy for Addressing the Worldview Challenge in Sustainable Development of Agriculture

Agriculture is offering new forms of support to society, as evidenced by rapid development of an agricultural “bio-economy,” and increasing emphasis on production of ecological services in farmed landscapes. The advent of these innovations will engage agricultural professionals in critical civic debates about matters that are complex and that will often be controversial, and thus demand new sets of professional capacities that extend significantly beyond technical expertise. Specifically, agriculturalists will need a capacity to facilitating challenges to, and where appropriate, changes in prevailing worldviews—their own as well as those of others. In this article we report on pedagogy that aims to build such capacity, via a semester-length course on critical engagement in sustainable development of agricultural and other managed ecosystems. In the course we aimed to help prepare students to engage as professionals in critical discourse under circumstances where prevailing worldviews about agricultural development vary significantly among different stakeholders. We used experiential learning to encourage students to critically examine individual and collective worldviews and “mental models” relevant to sustainable development challenges. Experiential learning was particularly featured in an extended exercise in “scenario planning,” a method of systemic analysis of alternative scenarios of future development in which the students began to function as a critical learning system. In reflective and evaluative essays, students indicated favorable evaluations of their learning experience and provided evidence of increased capacities highly relevant to civic professionalism within the context of the quest for sustainability as agriculture offers new forms of life support to society.