New Forms Of Organization Research Articles

A feminist response to the food crisis in contemporary South Africa

abstractWomen’s responses to the food crisis in contemporary South Africa raise important questions for feminism. The realisation of the ’right to sufficient food’ enshrined in the post-apartheid constitution is central to achieving an active, gendered citizenship. However grassroots mobilisation is necessary to give such justiciable socio-economic rights substantive content. As part of that struggle women are driving alternatives to the neo-liberal food regime, developing different forms of power, new forms of organisation and counter narratives of ‘food justice’ and ‘food sovereignty’. However they are generally not doing so in the name of ‘feminism’ although women’s involvement in food production, procurement and preparation is a fundamental feminist issue. The article explores why this is the case and concludes by asking whether a ‘transformative feminism’ could emerge and give strength and coherence to these anti-hegemonic struggles to realise the ‘right to sufficient food’ and simultaneously lead to the re-energising of feminist politics.

Safety regions in the Netherlands

Political, economic, social and environmental changes that accompany the development of the modern world, encourage states to implement changes in the security field. One of these countries is the Netherlands, which reformed its system of public security by introducing safety regions. The safety regions represent a new form of organization in the field of emergency and disaster. They are not a new level of local government but rather a new form of public policy that involves all levels of the system of local self-government. Therefore, the mentioned regions have a direct impact on the establishment of a new form of organization of functioning of the local self-government, and their responsibilities in relation to emergency situations. This particularly applies to their powers regarding the fire brigades. The safety regions directly result in the reduction of municipal competencies and enlarge the jurisdiction of the region in preparations and actions in case of emergencies. However, it is the firefighting units that constitute the backbone of the preparation and response to emergencies. The main tasks of these units have not been changed by introducing safety regions, but there has been a shift in their management and directing their wider duties.

Availability and quality of specialized ophthalmologic medical care: assessment by patients living in rural areas

The problem of restricted availability and quality of ophthalmologic medical care remains one of the main ones in the national healthcare. The article gives a comparative analysis of the opinions of rural residents of Leningrad region are in need of surgical treatment for ophthalmologic diseases, availability and quality of specialized medical care. A questionnaire was developed based on the methodology proposed by the Federal compulsory medical insurance Fund, through formal interviews of respondents of patients who received specialized ophthalmologic medical care in Leningrad region before opening of eye care hospitals for surgical treatment of cataract and glaucoma (148 patients) and afterwards (320 patients). The results show that almost all patients who received treatment after the modernization of ophthalmologic offices are satisfied with the quality of medical care (completely satisfied – 91,3 %, quite satisfied – 7,6 %), which is significantly higher than the figures obtained in the survey of the patients before creation of specialized departments (t=3,6, p<0.05). Availability of medical care before reequipment of ophthalmologic departments in hospitals satisfied 62.8 % of respondents, and after the organization of activities of eye care hospitals – 75, 3 % (t=2,8, p<0.05). However, despite the new form of organization of medical aid, 27.5 % of the respondents are still not satisfied with its transport accessibility. Thus, patients receiving operative treatment of cataract are generally satisfied with the availability and quality of their medical services. Higher ratings of availability and quality of specialized eye medical care were received after opening of eye care hospitals for surgical treatment of cataract and glaucoma in Leningrad region.

MODEL OF STRUCTURAL-FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS OF VISUALS IN RUSSIAN ABC BOOKS AND PRIMERS OF LATE XIX - EARLY XX CENTURIES

Today the prevalence of visual information coding determines the changes in the text and extra-textual components of the textbook, the problem affects the placement and number of illustrative material, defines the relationship and interaction of text and image information, focuses on new forms of organization of the learning process. The movement of humanity from the dominant culture of text oriented logos or the spread and adoption of visual forms of information broadcast began at the turn of the XIX and XX centuries. It was during this period in the academic literature visual components acquired independent didactic value. I began to develop a holistic visual range of a school textbook. The visual tutorial series has been the subject of special study for many scientific disciplines. The overall goal of our research is to answer the question. What didactic features were inherent in visual range of textbooks for initial literacy in Russia in the second half of XIX - early XX century, why, how, and how they changed. In this article, we will focus on the issue of allocation of structural components of the visual range of the spectrum and the functions they perform. Offering a model of this analysis, we relied on the development problems of the textbook functions V. Krajewski, V. Beilinson, I. Lerner, V. Bespal'ko and characteristics of the major structural components of the textbook, the proposed D. Zuev, A. Sochor, J. Mickey and others.

EDUCATIONAL COWORKING AS A NEW ORGANIZATION FORMAT OF EDUCATIONAL SPACE OF SUPPLEMENTARY VOCATIONAL EDUCATION

The aim of the article is to reveal the essence of the educational coworking as a fundamentally new form of organization of teacher’s innovative activity and relevant meaningful-activity technology of its exploration and practical implementation in the conditions of additional professional education (АPE). Methods . From the standpoint of anthropological project-transforming paradigm and reflective-positional approach the mission, content, structure and shape of the АPE, focused on the project-network and scientific-service support of innovative development of educational institutions and the formation of a new professional position of the teacher are disclosed. Based on the comparative analysis of mechanisms of coworking in economics, sociology and business education key characteristics of a model of educational co-working space are highlighted. The method of conceptual modeling of educational polypositional space of co-organization of the АPE subjects is applied. Results . The methodological framework of educational coworking is proposed and described including the problem area, realized in the project – analytical sessions; information area, based on today’s knowledge-management technologies; the project – constructor area, where the project – network nodes format is implemented to work with al-ready initiated projects and the launch of new projects; organizational area where the cultivation is carried out a viable community of implementers of innovative projects; and the main unit – media-hub – concentration and distribution center in terms of growth time, personal resources, to ensure the movement of students on individual trajectories. Scientific novelty . Essential characteristics of the educational coworking, based on its understanding as a new organizational format that integrates professional training of the teacher in accordance with the social order and its professional development in terms of individual needs and capabilities are revealed. Practical significance . The educational model of coworking has a high potential in terms of growing new functional teaching positions in APE, transformation of pedagogical activity as a whole through the embedding of the activity standards in the practice of education.

Public Sphere and Collective Action. the Portuguese Movement of the “15th September”

Considering the social events and collective protests that have emerged in the international and national public sphere and more specifically the movement “To hell with the Troika! We want our lives!” – a social movement that started in June, 2012, against the Troika and the measures of the Portuguese Government, and which was responsible for the organization of the demonstration of the 15th September 2012, in Portugal, as well as in other cities in the country and in Europe, spreading in social digital networks and leading to subsequent public demonstrations, we propose a study concerning the current protest movements and the new forms of public mobilization, once activism has increased in electronic links (net activism) and on the street. Revisiting the conceptions of public sphere as a common space related to the notion of living-together, as publicity and visibility (Arendt), as a form and an event (Quere) and as a space of meeting, accessibility and movement (Joseph), we, thus, intend to discuss the following issues: the public space as a place of collective action (Cefai) and civic mobilization (Rouet); the importance of digital social networks in the new forms of communication – in relation with the modern public space (Habermas) - and the analysis of the movement of the 15th September in the light of Tillly’s perspective on social movements. It is also our aim to understand whether these new forms of organization, mobilization and acting in public are distant, or not, from traditional social movements and if we are facing the emergence of new public spaces. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n6s5p425

Letter from the Editor

This issue of MOR closes out volume 11, which has witnessed the transition of the journal's domain to attract and publish social science research underlying an across-the-board range of themes in management, organizations, strategy, and public policy in the context of China and all transforming economies. The challenge for MOR is to be open to indigenous theories of management, organization, entrepreneurship, innovation, and economic development. However, this is not about contradicting the accumulated body of extant management and international business scholarship. At its core the intellectual challenge is to recognize that history, stage of economic development, institutional configuration, cultural differences, and national ambitions have the potential to give rise to new forms of organization and management. The challenge for MOR is to encourage and publish such research that meets the state-of-the-art scholarship criteria of the social sciences.

ФЕДЕРАЛИЗМ: УСЛОВИЯ ДЛЯ ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ И ОСНОВНЫЕ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ

The author analyzes the issues of appearance and consolidation of the idea of federalism in the Constitution of the various states and examines the characteristics of federalism. The Confederate state model has failed in the United States, as could not find a political formula that could justify the possibility of execution by the central government of its functions with the greatest efficiency. The adoption of a new formula for the exercise of political power in the USA by choosing representatives as well as the gradual accession of Member States allowed the US to overcome the disadvantages of the confederate model, which made it impossible to peaceful coexistence and effective state. The term “federal state” first appeared in German literature as most accurately reflects the context and the difference with the concept of “confederation”. As a new form of organization of the state a federal state was seen in the United States, and later in Sweden, Germany and Brazil. Despite the fact that the Americans are the creators of the phenomenon of federalism, the Constitution of the United States of 1787 does not contain any mention of the federation, federalism, or federal states. In any case, nothing takes away from the merits of Americans in the “invention of the formula” of federalism, which has undergone some changes depending on the location and the conditions which apply. The government, which wants to be called a federal, must have a constitution, two spheres of political power, the incoming participants must have a certain autonomy, as well as the opportunity to participate in the decisions of the central government also requires the Constitutional Court to deal with emerging conflicts. The federal system has made a great contribution to the history of mankind: the decision of the state of conflict with the help of legal organization, for which all parties recognize the right of the last word in matters of distribution of powers between the States.

The Relevance and Economic Sustainability of Social Economy in Italy

In many countries, the economic crisis has contributed to the increase of already-existing economic and social inequalities. These circumstances have contributed to the questioning of knowledge and conventional values, accelerating the need to rethink the roles of the different actors within the production system and to combine new forms of organization and interaction among the public sector, civil society organizations, private enterprises and citizens. In this context, researchers, politicians and society in the broader sense have focused on the role played by organizations, which by their nature mainly pursue social purposes and are characterized by systems of participative governance. The term “social economy” is often used to identify the universe of private organizations that pursue goals other than profit. This concept is increasingly supplanting other concepts that are used for the same purpose. While this sector has long constituted an important component of the economy in many European countries, the interest in quantifying its presence and importance is more recent, partly because of the lack of comprehensive data on all the different organizational forms it comprises. The Italian Institute of Statistics (Istat) sought to overcome this issue with its 9th Industry and Services Census. Given these premises, by analyzing the data of the Census, this study explores the size of the social economy in Italy in terms of organizations, employment and revenues, while taking into account the market/non-market orientation of the organizations.

The engagement of the Social-Cultural Capital in the development of Sustainable Urban Structure under Risk Conditions

The importance of the human capital in the sustainable development of the urban network has relieved the cultural and social development as fundamental features of local Community. Empirical studies have demonstrated that the social capital, under risk conditions, evolves toward new form of organization to face the emergency. In addition, cultural capital is understood as the local community knowledge to bouncing back crisis. This suggests that social-cultural capital developed during post-disaster reconstruction, should be reinforced in order to generate a sustainable urban development along the time. The work proposes an empirical approach of the problem, identifying social-cultural indicators. Interviews and surveys have been carried out to the relevant local stakeholders during the emergency and reconstruction phases. The evolutionary resilience from Walker and Salt (2006) has been defined as conceptual framework. They propose that, as result of a destructive event, the urban structure can change into adaptive cycle related to the spatial conditions and temporal interactions. The model has been applied to the case study of Dichato, a coast Chilean locality prone to tsunami and earthquake. As a conclusion, this work presents a discussion about the necessity to improve and strength local social-cultural capital to achieve the sustainable urban development.

Alternative Forms for Promotion and Dissemination of Good Management Practices

At the present stage actuality of the problem is predetermined by the needs of the real management practice in organizations and the need to offer theoretical and practical knowledge to enable it methodologically correct and methodically right to implement appropriate changes in the management of the particular organization.The article is devoted to one aspect in the field of management - creating a new form of organization of management (called new favorite) - international managerial architecture. It argues that it was dictated by poor management of institutional and corporate level, the lack of adequate professional standards, control and monitoring of the activities of managers. An attempt is made to give a reasoned response to relatively basic question: "Predetermination or managerial obfuscation are alternative forms of promotion and dissemination of good management practices?". The goal is to answer the question in a relatively unbiased approach, insofar as possible minimizing subjectivity in the treatment of problems. Finally, certain results of the proposed thesis on the need for the creation of NIMA are discussed- structure and structural parameters. The discussions are based on the experience in the Republic of Bulgaria taken as an example situation.

Factors that Disrupt Cooperation in Local Productive Arrangements: a Quantitative Study in the Clothing Sector in Tobias Barreto, Sergipe

Due to the competitive environment faced by micro and small enterprises (MSEs) and the limitations caused by their size, these firms often seek solutions through new forms of organization, such as local productive arrangements (LPAs). Most articles on LPAs focus on the factors motivating the creation of these arrangements, while only a few analyze the factors that hinder cooperation in this type of network. The objective of this article is to identify the factors that can lead to disarticulation among the participants in the LPA formed by small clothing manufacturers in the city of Tobias Barreto, Sergipe. The study is quantitative in nature, based on the responses to 224 questionnaires answered by representatives of companies listed in the public record as participating in this LPA. We applied the Mann-Whitney test to analyze the hypotheses and univariate logistic regression to shed light on what factors have this influence. The results of the survey show that the number of participants, the lack of trust among them and the appearance of opportunistic behavior are the factors that contribute to disarticulation among the actors in local productive arrangements.

The configuration of the new social movements in face of the social crisis

Las nuevas condiciones socioeconomicas han agudizado las desigualdades y han establecido la deslegitimacion de las estructuras tradicionales de administracion del poder, dentro de este contexto, la ciudadania ha comenzado a exigir sus derechos, lo que ha implicado que esta se vuelva a las calles y plantee nuevas formas organizativas y nuevas formas de vivir la democracia. Este articulo procura establecer algunas caracteristicas distintivas de los nuevos movimientos sociales, en relacion con los anteriores movimientos sociales.

Brandbekämpfungstechnologie und Feuerwehren – Das Zusammenspiel von Technologie und Gesellschaft am Fallbeispiel Tirol

The following seminar-paper is about the impact technology had on the development of fire fighting institutions in the 19th century. Along with the Industrial Revolution the urge to be protected from fire catastrophes was growing. In this paper I argue that the invention and use of new technologies in fighting fire lead to the development of institutions such as “Freiwillige Feuerwehren”. But, as will be shown, the new form of organization overtook the spread of the new technologies rapidly, especially in rural areas. Due to the expensive and train-extensive technology fire fighters in rural areas had to operate with primitive technology far up in the 20th century.

Organizational Psychology Then and Now: Some Observations

A comparison is made between the field of organizational psychology as I saw it in 1965 and how I see it today. Many issues remain the same, but the field is more differentiated, fragmented, and individualized than ever, despite culture, especially national culture, having become a big topic. The field is much larger and has spawned a whole applied field of organization development and new methods of experiential learning. The biggest change has been the decline of work on group dynamics and group interventions reflecting Western cultures of individualism. At the same time, task complexity, interdependency, multiculturalism, social responsibility, and new forms of organization have become new challenges for consultants and researchers because they require relationship building, coordination, and group work.

The shifting boundaries of industrial relations: Insights from South Africa

AbstractPost‐apartheid South Africa's turbulent industrial relations and experience of wider social protest movements mirror the challenges confronting industrial relations systems globally, suggesting how workers' representation could be reconfigured in the future. Traditional trade unions have so far failed to address the agenda of marginalization, inequality and poverty which might have enabled them to organize workers currently excluded from union membership. Meanwhile, globalization has been opening up opportunities for new forms of organization and institutional innovation. The outcome, the author argues, will be determined by how key actors in the world of work respond to the marginalized workers of the world.

Success factors of virtual research teams – Does distance still matter?

mrev management revue , Seite 161 - 179

Distance Education and Online Dialogues: Between Themes and Identities

This article presents questions relating to multiplicity of identities and subjectivities that postmodernity allows and its relations with the context of educational practices. The society has experienced in recent decades a great dynamization in information content with multiple possibilities for access to more diverse channels, allowing for new forms of organization and structuring of education and pedagogical practices. We believe that this postmodern context is characterized by a complex level of information and interaction between people. The technologies allow for the support of interactional learning in distance education (DE), by using virtual environments containing discussion forums, webchats, videos and online libraries among others. In this context, the type of thinking developed from classroom teaching and DE reveals the quality of the pedagogical practices used. One important issue to highlight in the article is: it can be said that there is a certain incompatibility, in general, when we observe the pedagogical practices used and thought of for the classroom when transposed to DE without concern for the specifics of each type of education. Once the challenges are known, it is possible to develop some strategies that can be used in distance education. We believe that it is possible to create an ampler curriculum, where the desired outcomes can be constructed, where many singularities will emerge, where affection and joy may be constant and self-referencing subjectivity may also be produced. Within this context, the question remains in the concern to create a learning environment where the social actors are effective participants in the building of true learning communities. It is necessary to be open and not fearful of diversity, to pursue problems and solutions, to capture the possible and impossible. These are not guarantees, but possibilities to develop practices that may maximize different forms of learning and minimize the inconsistencies observed in today’s distance education model.

基于博弈交叉效率DEA模型的服务模块化创新绩效测量—以江西省文化创意产业为例

服务模块化作为一种新兴组织形式，是影响企业创新绩效的重要因素。本文以江西省文化创意产业为例，基于博弈交叉效率DEA模型，从组织的松散耦合性、标准界面规范、服务定制水平三个关键变量着手，在服务模块化程度与创新绩效两个层面进行了测量、对比与分析。研究发现，服务模块化程度在低于40%时，提高服务模块化程度会给创新绩效带来显著的促进作用；当服务模块化超过该限度后，则会给创新绩效带来负面影响。适当地提高组织的松散耦合性和服务定制水平，设置合理的标准界面，能够提升企业的创新绩效。 As a new form of organization, service modular is an important factor affecting business innova-tion performance. Taking the cultural and creative industries of Jiangxi Province as an example, this paper started with three key variables: the loosely coupled nature of the organization, stan-dard interface specification, and service customization level, based on game cross-efficiency DEA model. We also measured, contrasted and analyzed modular service at two levels of innovation performance and services modularity. The study finds that service modularization degree is lower than 40%; it brings a significantly promoting effect on the innovation performance, when the service module exceeds the limit; it will give a negative impact on innovation performance. Improving the loosely coupled nature of the organization, standard interface specification and service customization level can enhance enterprises’ innovation performance.

Olhares e reflexões contemporâneas sobre o triângulo sociedade-educação-tecnologias e suas influências no ensino das ciências

Quando se combinam termos como sociedade, educação e tecnologias, parece destacar-se a ideia de que as tecnologias têm sido associadas a algumas das mais expressivas mudanças ocorridas na sociedade do século XX e início do século XXI, e têm sido relatadas como capazes de influenciar aspetos diversos e significativos da realidade social, a ponto de alguns autores dizerem que estamos perante uma nova forma de organização da sociedade e do sistema econômico, à qual o sistema educativo deveria procurar corresponder, adequando-se. Neste artigo, apresentam-se algumas perspetivas e olhares que julgamos úteis para alavancar uma reflexão sustentada e projetiva sobre o passado, o presente e o futuro das inter-relações entre as esferas social, educativa e tecnológica e as possíveis influências daí decorrentes para o ensino das ciências. Assim, de forma mais descritiva, importa referir que este artigo é constituído por cinco tópicos que julgamos relevantes para consubstanciar a reflexão sobre a temática em apreço. Começando por apresentar algumas considerações sobre a sociedade da informação, a metáfora da rede e o potencial coletivo, segue-se um enfoque nas tecnologias e na sua relação com as "escolas que aprendem". Na medida em que o letramento digital não se esgota na competência tecnológica, a instituição escolar - e os seus agentes pode assumir um papel de mediação entre os desafios da sociedade do conhecimento e as novas gerações. Nesse contexto de interdependências múltiplas, termina-se o artigo com algumas reflexões sobre a educação em ciência, o ensino das ciências e o letramento científico na sociedade da informação.