Functional Activity Of Neutrophils Research Articles

Encapsulated Streptococcus suis impairs optimal neutrophil functions which are not rescued by priming with colony-stimulating factors.

The porcine pathogen and zoonotic agent Streptococcus suis induces an exacerbated inflammation in the infected hosts that leads to sepsis, meningitis, and sudden death. Several virulence factors were described for S. suis of which the capsular polysaccharide (CPS) conceals it from the immune system, and the suilysin exhibits cytotoxic activity. Although neutrophils are recruited rapidly upon S. suis infection, their microbicidal functions appear to be poorly activated against the bacteria. However, during disease, the inflammatory environment could promote neutrophil activation as mediators such as the granulocyte colony-stimulating factor granulocyte (G-CSF) and the granulocyte-macrophages colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) prime neutrophils and enhance their responsiveness to bacterial detection. Thus, we hypothesized that CPS and suilysin prevent an efficient activation of neutrophils by S. suis, but that G-CSF and GM-CSF rescue neutrophil activation, leading to S. suis elimination. We evaluated the functions of porcine neutrophils in vitro in response to S. suis and investigated the role of the CPS and suilysin on cell activation using isogenic mutants of the bacteria. We also studied the influence of G-CSF and GM-CSF on neutrophil response to S. suis by priming the cells with recombinant proteins. Our study confirmed that CPS prevents S. suis-induced activation of most neutrophil functions but participates in the release of neutrophil-extracellular traps (NETs). Priming with G-CSF did not influence cell activation, but GM-CSF strongly promote IL-8 release, indicating its involvement in immunomodulation. However, priming did not enhance microbicidal functions. Studying the interaction between S. suis and neutrophils-first responders in host defense-remains fundamental to understand the immunopathogenesis of the infection and to develop therapeutical strategies related to neutrophils' defense against this bacterium.

Age-related changes in the parameters of cellular immunity, the activity of intracellular lymphocyte dehydrogenases and functional activity of neutrophils in children with Gaucher disease

Age-related changes in the parameters of cellular immunity, the activity of intracellular lymphocyte dehydrogenases and functional activity of neutrophils in children with Gaucher disease

Вивчення змін стану місцевої та загальної неспецифічної резистентності організму у хворих на одонтогенний гайморит за гальванічної патології в порожнині рота

Purpose: to determine the state of local and general nonspecific resistance to the body in the dynamics of surgical treatment of patients with odontogenic maxillary sinusitis in the presence of galvanic pathology in the oral cavity and to clarify the causes of postoperative inflammatory complications. Methods: 56 examined subjects with chronic odontogenic maxillary sinusitis were divided into two observation groups, which were subjected to immunological and general clinical examination methods. Results. In 30 patients with chronic odontogenic maxillary sinusitis with oral galvanism (compensated and decompensated forms), no decrease in local and general nonspecific resistance was observed. In 26 patients with oral galvanism (atypical and typical forms), a decrease in immunity was observed. Conclusions. Based on the examination of 56 patients with chronic odontogenic maxillary sinusitis in the presence of galvanic pathology in the oral cavity, it was found that in the case of galvanosis, there is a decrease in local and general nonspecific resistance of the body, which, in turn, in all patients leads to the development of inflammatory complications in the periosteal soft tissues and in the bone wound of the jaw, i.e., osteomyelitis (34.6%). Key words: chronic maxillary sinusitis, maxillary sinus, galvanic pathology, functional activity of neutrophils, phagocytic activity of leukocytes, contact thermometry, galvanism, galvanosis, metal inclusions.

Effect of Nanodispersions with Lipoic Acid and Its Esters on the Functional Activity of Neutrophils and Platelets

Effect of Nanodispersions with Lipoic Acid and Its Esters on the Functional Activity of Neutrophils and Platelets

The Effect of Taxifolin, a Conjugate of Taxifolin with Glyoxylic Acid, and Naringenin on the Functional Activity of Neutrophils

The Effect of Taxifolin, a Conjugate of Taxifolin with Glyoxylic Acid, and Naringenin on the Functional Activity of Neutrophils

Possibility of modification of peripheral blood neutrophils functional activity during chemoradiotherapy in patients with anorectal cancer

Background. Ionizing radiation is an effective antitumor therapy, but it has a serious negative effect on the immune system requiring the use of radiation reaction prevention and reduction methods. Neutrophils are a sensitive element of the immune system both in interaction with tumor tissue and in response to radiation injury.Aim. To evaluate functional activity of peripheral blood neutrophils by chemiluminescent analysis in patients with anorectal cancer after radiotherapy.Materials and methods. The study included 80 patients with anorectal cancer. Patients received chemo- and radio-therapy with 3D conformal radiotherapy and radiation therapy under visual control, followed by the use of radioprotector and without it. Neutrophil activity determined by chemiluminescent analysis.Results. In patients with anorectal cancer found maximum spontaneous and induced chemiluminescence acceleration. The chemiluminescence activation index with luminol is lower in patients with anorectal cancer, and with lucigenin shows no differences with the control group. The low luminol chemiluminescence maximum intensity, as well as the decrease in the synthesis of reactive secondary oxygen species in enzymatic systems, is likely regulatory intracellular limitations consequence. After treatment, patients with radioprotector showed a decrease in the number of parameters with statistically significant differences with the control group. Undesirable phenomena associated with sodium deoxyribonucleate therapy not detected in anorectal cancer patients during radiotherapy and subsequent observation period.Conclusion. During treatment, differences in chemiluminescence parameters suggest that ionizing radiation affects them in patients with anorectal cancer receiving standard chemoradiotherapy. Use of chemoradiotherapy with a radioprotector leads to indirect restoration of cellular functional activity. This is confirmed by luminol-dependent chemiluminescence faster reaching its maximum and a decrease in the number of significant differences from the control group after the start of the drug treatment.

Neutrophil functional activity indices as predictors of COVID-19 severity

Neutrophil functional activity indices as predictors of COVID-19 severity

Cocaine-use disorder and childhood maltreatment are associated with the activation of neutrophils and increased inflammation.

Cocaine-use disorder (CUD) has been associated with early life adversity and activated cellular immune responses. Women are most vulnerable to complications from chronic substance disorders, generally presenting an intense feeling of abstinence and consuming significant drug amounts. Here, we investigated neutrophil functional activities in CUD, including the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and related intracellular signalling. We also investigated the role of early life stress in inflammatory profiles. Blood samples, clinical data, and history of childhood abuse or neglect were collected at the onset of detoxification treatment of 41 female individuals with CUD and 31 healthy controls (HCs). Plasma cytokines, neutrophil phagocytosis, NETs, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and phosphorylated protein kinase B (Akt) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK)s were assessed by flow cytometry. CUD subjects had higher scores of childhood trauma than controls. Increased plasma cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, and IL-10), neutrophil phagocytosis, and production of NETs were reported in CUD subjects as compared to HC. Neutrophils of CUD subjects also produced high levels of intracellular ROS and had more activated Akt and MAPKs (p38/ERK), which are essential signalling pathways involved in cell survival and NETs production. Childhood trauma scores were significantly associated with neutrophil activation and peripheral inflammation. Our study reinforces that smoked cocaine and early life stress activate neutrophils in an inflammatory environment.

Активность сукцинат- и лактатдегидрогеназы лимфоцитов, индуцированные АФК нейтрофилов и повреждение ДНК лейкоцитов в крови облучённых ионами углерода мышей

At the present time, the studies carried out to improve the radiotherapy of tumors using accelerated heavy ions are of great interest, since they give off the main energy at the end of the run at the Bragg peak, which increases the severity of radiation damage to the tumor and minimizes damage to surrounding healthy tissues. In this work, the levels of lymphocyte lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity, the ratio of LDH/SDH, induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) of neutrophils, and leukocytes DNA damage (%TDNA) in blood 1 day after accelerated carbon ions irradiation of mice with an energy of 450 MeV/nucleon in doses of 0.2-2 Gy in the Bragg peak were determined. Found: SDH activity increased at doses of 0.2-1 Gy and sharply decreased at a dose of 1.5 Gy in all mice. With a decrease in SDH activity, glycolysis (LDH activity) increased compensatory, which, apparently, is associated with the developing mitochondrial dysfunction of immune cells. The %TDNA of leukocytes increased depending on the dose and was accompanied by a decrease in the functional activity of neutrophils - the zymosan-induced ROS production decreased. Thus, against the background of an increased %TDNA and a decrease in SDH activity, glycolysis becomes of great importance. The applied methods are highly sensitive and can be used to detect individual differences in animals that are biological models in preclinical studies.

Роль функционального питания в снижении заболеваемости острыми респираторными инфекциями у детей

Objective. To study the role of adapted formulas and drinks in reducing the incidence of acute respiratory infections (ARIs) in infants and toddlers. Patients and methods. This study was conducted in two stages: stage 1 included infants (0–1 year) (n = 105), and stage 2 included the same children aged 1 to 3 years (n = 96). In the control group (n = 35, 0–1 year; n = 32, 1–3 years), children were breastfed during the first year of life. In the study group (n = 35, 0–1 year; n = 32, 1–3 years), children received adapted formulas and drinks based on New Zealand goat’s whole milk: between 1 and 5 months – NANNI 1; from 6 months – NANNI 2; between 1 and 3 years – NANNI 3 in the amount of 200 mL/day. In the comparison group (n = 35, 0–1 year; n = 32, 1–3 years), children received an adapted milk formula based on whole cow’s milk protein: formula 1 in the first 6 months of life, formula 2 in the second 6 months of life, and formula 3 between the ages of 1 and 3 years in the amount of 200 mL/day. At the first and second stages, we evaluated the incidence of ARI episodes during the year and mucosal immunity parameters: cellular composition of smears, cytomorphological features and functional activity of neutrophils (phagocytosis, intracellular biocide concentration, intraleukocytic enzyme systems: myeloperoxidase, cationic proteins, acid phosphatase). Results. The mean number of ARI episodes during the first and second stages in the study group (2.3) did not differ from the control group (1.8, p > 0.05). The incidence of ARIs was higher in the comparison group (3.6; p < 0.05). The content of the main cell populations in the rhinocytogram (neutrophils, lymphocytes, eosinophils, epithelial cells) at the first and second stages was comparable in children in the study and control groups; in these groups, fewer cells with pronounced damage and higher phagocytic activity of neutrophils were recorded. The maximum levels of enzyme systems were registered in children in the control group (myeloperoxidase: 0.41 OD × 10-3; acid phosphatase: 0.39 OD × 10-3; cationic proteins: 0.29 OD × 10-3). The levels of enzyme systems in the study group at the first and second stages were comparable. Conclusion. A lower incidence of ARIs, optimal body resistance both in infants and toddlers develop against the background of breastfeeding. Children who received formulas based on New Zealand goat’s milk had higher resistance compared to those who received adapted milk formulas based on whole cow’s milk protein, and their mucosal immunity parameters approached the values of these parameters in breastfed infants. Key words: children, infants and toddlers, functional nutrition, adapted formulas, acute respiratory infections

Analysis of neutrophil functional activity in patients with chronic polyposis rhinosinusitis after treatment with interferon gamma.

Chronic polyposis rhinosinusitis (CPRS) is an inflammatory disease of the nose and paranasal sinuses, accompanied by the formation and recurrent growth of polyps. PDRS is an urgent medical problem, because it is difficult to treat and is accompanied by constant exacerbations. The important role of neutrophil granulocytes in the pathogenesis of CPRS has been proved, as they are the first line of defense in response to tissue damage and active participants in the pathological process. There is evidence of successful use of immunocorrectors in the treatment of patients with CPPS, but they are often prescribed without regard to possible pathogenetic mechanisms of the disease. One of the promising immunomodulators of local use is a preparation of human recombinant interferon gamma. It is known that interferon gamma is able to activate neutrophils due to the receptors to this cytokine, which are located on their surface. The aim of the study was to investigate the functional activity of neutrophils in patients with CPPS and the effect of human recombinant interferon gamma on these indicators. Thirty-five patients with CHRS were examined before and after therapy with intranasal interferon gamma. The control group included 30 healthy subjects. Functional activity of neutrophils was studied in whole blood by chemiluminescent method using double stimulation. Patients with CPRS before treatment revealed increased indexes of neutrophils stimulated activity, maximal intensity of cells luminescence, activation coefficient and decreased time of neutrophils output at maximal luminescence. After treatment with intranasal preparation of interferon gamma there was significant decrease of spontaneous and stimulated activity of neutrophils and maximum intensity of cell luminescence. As a result, after the treatment, in patients with CHRS the values of stimulated production of neutrophils and maximum intensity of cell luminescence were reduced to the level of the control group, and the spontaneous activity of neutrophils was even lower than in healthy subjects, while the neutrophils activation factor remained elevated as in patients before therapy. The results obtained testify to normalization of the main indexes of neutrophil functional activity in CHPS patients after treatment with human recombinant interferon gamma.

Effect of allogeneic blood transfusion on neutrophil functional activity and lymphocyte cytotoxicity in recipient rabbits

The relevance of this paper is that transfusion of allogeneic blood to recipient animals is always associated with immunological risks. In this regard, the purpose of this study was to assess the state of phagocytic activity of blood neutrophils by indicators of phagocytic index, phagocytic number, and oxygen-dependent bactericidal activity, as well as to establish changes in antibody-dependent cytotoxic activity of lymphocytes in recipient rabbits during allogeneic whole blood transfusion. Modelling of blood transfusions was performed on five clinically healthy rabbits by intravenous administration of whole blood at the rate of 5.5 ml/kg of body weight. Blood samples were taken from animals on Days 3, 7, and 23 after blood transfusion. Neutrophil populations were obtained from blood samples by centrifugation on a double density gradient of 1.077 and 1.093 Ficoll-Verografin. The absorption activity of phagocytes was determined in a microscopic test. To investigate the oxygen-dependent bactericidal activity of neutrophils, a spontaneous test with nitroblue tetrazolium was performed. Antibody-dependent cytotoxic activity of lymphocytes was investigated by colorimetric method. It was found that after the transfusion of whole blood, the phagocytic activity of neutrophils increases with a simultaneous decrease in their absorption capacity. On Days 3 and 7, the results of the spontaneous test with nitroblue tetrazolium decreased. This indicates inactivation of the oxygen-dependent bactericidal activity of neutrophil granulocytes during the first phase of post-transfusion immunological reactions. On Day 23, there was an increase in the values of the indicators of the spontaneous test with nitroblue tetrazolium, which indicates the activation of the bactericidal properties of phagocytes. It was found that on Day 3, the antibody-dependent cytotoxic activity of lymphocytes significantly decreased relative to the initial state, and on Days 7 and 23, it increased. An increase in the antibody-dependent cytotoxic activity of lymphocytes should be associated with the active synthesis of antibodies of the late phase of the immune response. Consequently, transfusion of allogeneic blood causes an immune response in recipient rabbits, without causing immediate and long-term transfusion reactions (changes in heart rate, respiratory rate, body temperature). The obtained results are of practical value both for scientists and practising doctors who use transfusion of whole blood and its components to animals with acute anaemia, impaired functional activity of blood coagulation factors, parasitic, and oncological diseases

Influencе of peptides from the bursa of Fabricius in broiler chickens on the functional activity of subpopulations of lymphocytes in immunosuppressed mice

It is known that peptides inhibit the enzymes of viruses and are able to penetrate into cells by their embedding in the cell membrane, as a result of which the penetration of viruses into the host cell is blocked, which makes it possible to consider peptides as an alterna tive to antiviral drugs. In this regard, the demand for immune-boosting nutraceuticals and functional foods containing biologically active peptides is growing. The immunomodulating effect of the peptides were studied on the mice of the BALb/c line that suffered from experimentally induced immunodeficiency; the mice got injections of peptides isolated from the bursa of Fabricius (bursal sac) of broiler chickens. 5 groups of BALb/c mice were formed. The animals of the 1st group (control one) received physiological saline per os as a placebo, animals of the 2nd group got bursal peptides per os at a dose of 0.02 mg/kg per body weight, the mice of 3rd group (immunosuppressed) got saline per os as a placebo, the 4th group (immunosuppressed) was administered the bursal peptides per os at a dose of 0.02 mg/kg of body weight, the 5th group was held as the control one (immunosuppressed group). Blood for tests was taken on days 1, 7 and 14 of the experiment. The functional activity of neutrophils was determined by the method of spontane ous and induced chemiluminescence. Among the immudepressive animals (the 3rd group) on the 7th day the researchers observed a decrease in CD3+ by 55.3%, CD22+ by 83.7%, CD3+CD4+ by 51.9% and CD3+CD8+ by 54.6% in comparison with the intact (the 1st group). Administration of peptides to immunosuppressed mice (the 4th group) increases the number of subpopulations of CD3+ lymphocytes by 126.6%, CD22+ by 381.6%, CD3+CD4+ by 8.9% and CD3+CD8+ by 81.8% compared to immunosuppressed ani mals, receiving saline per os as a placebo (group 3). Similar results were obtained on the 14th day of the experiment. On the basis of the performed studies, it can be argued that the immunocompetent organs of broiler chickens (bursa of Fabricius) are a promising source of immunotropic peptides.).

Dynamics of Psychopathological Disorders and Changes in the Functional Activity of Neutrophils in Mercury Intoxication

IntroductionThe overall goal was to determine the degree of mental, neuromuscular and statodynamic functions disorders resulting from toxic effect of mercury and its compounds, to study relationship between the degree of loss of professional ability to work as a result of occupational disease with the presence of complications due to concomitant diseases.ObjectivesThe relevance of studying the degree of violations of the main indicators of vital activity due to the toxic effect of mercury and its compounds is due to the persisting high level of loss of professional ability to work, and in some cases, and disability of this contingent. Analysis of indicators of primary and repeated disability due to occupational diseases showed that a sufficiently high number of persons recognized as disabledюMethodsWe studied the dynamics of psychopathological disorders: violation of the emotional sphere, thinking, perception, attention, volitional activity and cognitive functions. The functional and metabolic activity of segmented neutrophils in the peripheral blood of 42 patients, men and women aged 43 to 64 years, and 22 healthy donors were studied.ResultsLong-term exposure to chronic industrial mercury intoxication led to persistent disorders of mental functions, suppression of phagocytic activity of neutrophils up to 42.3+-4.7 per cent and inhibition of the reaction with nitro blue cytosol 4.2+-0.1 per cent..ConclusionsThe revealed violations of the emotional-volitional sphere and cognitive mental functions are possibly associated with the suppression of nonspecific cellular reactions of microphages. Violations of neuroimmune interactions in mercury intoxication require further study.DisclosureNo significant relationships.

Functional activity of neutrophils and macrophages in experimental periodontitis and chronic pain syndrome

<h3>ЦЕЛЬ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</h3> Изучение фагоцитарной активности нейтрофилов и адгезивной способности макрофагов у крыс с экспериментальным пародонтитом и хроническим болевым синдромом. <h3>МАТЕРИАЛ И МЕТОДЫ</h3> Хронический болевой синдром у крыс линии Вистар моделировали двусторонней перевязкой седалищных нервов. Экспериментальный пародонтит моделировали по методу, предложенному А.И. Воложиным и С.И. Виноградовой. Животных выводили из эксперимента на 7, 14 и 21-е сутки после снятия нити. Определяли фагоцитарную активность нейтрофилов и адгезивную способность макрофагов традиционными методами. <h3>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</h3> Установлено снижение функциональной активности макрофагов и нейтрофилов у крыс с хроническим болевым синдромом на 3-й неделе эксперимента. Показано падение фагоцитарного индекса на 7-е и 14-е сутки, опсонофагоцитарного индекса на 7-е сутки и повышение фагоцитарного числа на 21-е сутки эксперимента у крыс с экспериментальным пародонтитом. В этой группе также установлено снижение относительного количества макрофагов на протяжении всего эксперимента, а их адгезивной способности только на 14-е сутки. У животных с экспериментальным пародонтитом и хроническим болевым синдромом отмечалось уменьшение фагоцитарного и опсонофагоцитарного индексов, относительного количества макрофагов и относительного количества адгезированных макрофагов только на 7-е сутки, по сравнению с группой, которой моделировали пародонтит. <h3>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ</h3> Снижение активности нейтрофилов и макрофагов на ранних этапах развития хронического болевого синдрома связано с ингибирующим действием стресс-реализующих гормонов. Уменьшение активности нейтрофилов и макрофагов при экспериментальном пародонтите связано с образованием пула молодых клеток с пониженной функциональной активностью, а также, возможно, с преобладанием клеток с фенотипом М2. Падение функциональной активности нейтрофилов и макрофагов по сравнению с группой с экспериментальным пародонтитом связано с недостаточностью стресс-лимитирующих систем или влиянием хронического болевого синдрома на формирование пула М2 макрофагов.

ОЦЕНКА ПРО-/АНТИОКСИДАНТНОГО СТАТУСА И ПОКАЗАТЕЛЕЙ ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНОЙ АКТИВНОСТИ НЕЙТРОФИЛЬНЫХ ЛЕЙКОЦИТОВ У ДЕТЕЙ С ОСТРОЙ ПНЕВМОНИЕЙ В ЗАВИСИМОСТИ ОТ ЭТИОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ФАКТОРА

Background. At the moment, an important task of pediatric pulmonology is to closely study a wide range of pathogenetic and etiological mechanisms through which the effects of the inflammatory process are realized, immunological disorders and changes in the pro-/antioxidant status in the body are determined. Objective. To evaluate the indicators of the functional activity of neutrophil leukocytes and the pro-/antioxidant status in children with acute pneumonia, depending on the etiological factor. Material and methods. The main group consisted of 60 patients diagnosed with acute pneumonia. The evaluation of the indicators of the functional activity of neutrophil leukocytes and the pro-/antioxidant status, depending on the etiological factor, was carried out. Results. When assessing the pro-/antioxidant status, a decrease in the stability of the pro-/antioxidant balance, the power of the antioxidant system and the initial anti-radical activity was noted in the group of atypical pathogens, and a decrease in the functional activity of neutrophils was also determined, an increase in the activity for the formation of reactive oxygen species increased, as well as an increase in the level of NET-forming ability of neutrophils. Conclusion. Complex violations of the pro-/antioxidant status and indicators of the functional activity of neutrophil leukocytes were observed only in acute community-acquired pneumonia caused by atypical pathogens – M. Pneumoniae, Chl. Pneumoniae.

Effect of Endomorphins-1, 2 on Functional Activity of Neutrophils and Peripheral Blood Monocytes In Vitro

Effect of Endomorphins-1, 2 on Functional Activity of Neutrophils and Peripheral Blood Monocytes In Vitro

Purinergic Enhancement of Anti-Leishmanial Effector Functions of Neutrophil Granulocytes.

Although macrophages are considered for host cells for the multiplication of Leishmania, recent studies indicate the important role of neutrophil granulocytes as host cells for these intracellular parasites. Neutrophils have been shown to be massively and rapidly recruited to the site of Leishmania infection where they represent the first cells to encounter the parasites. Exposure to ATP and UTP have been shown to enhance anti-Leishmania activity of macrophages and intralesional injection of UTP led to strongly reduced parasite load in vivo. Since the in vivo anti-leishmanial effect of extracellular UTP correlated with enhanced neutrophil recruitment and enhanced ROS production at the site of Leishmania infection we hypothesized that exposure to extracellular nucleotides can directly enhance the killing of Leishmania by neutrophils. Since purinergic signaling is an essential mechanism of neutrophil activation the aim of the present study was to assess whether purinergic exposure results in the activation of anti-leishmanial neutrophil functions and, therefore, represent an essential component of enhanced anti-leishmanial defense in leishmaniasis. We could show that exposure to ATP and UTP led to activation and enhanced CD11b expression of primary human neutrophils in vitro. Leishmania-induced ROS production was strongly enhanced by extracellular ATP and UTP. Importantly, exposure to ATP and UTP resulted in enhanced killing of Leishmania donovani by neutrophils. In addition, ATP strongly enhanced the secretion of IL-8 and IL-1β by Leishmania-exposed neutrophils. Our results suggest that signaling via the P2 receptor and phosphorylation of Erk1/2, Akt and p38 are involved in the purinergic enhancement of anti-leishmanial functions of neutrophils.

Non-specific factors of children protection with streptococcal tonsillitis and infected with herpes virus type 6

The aim of the work was to study the characteristics of the response of non-specific protective factors in tonsillitis of streptococcal etiology in children infected and uninfected with HHV-6 infection at different periods of the disease. Materials and research methods. In 78 children aged 3–15 years, inflammation markers and phagocytic activity of peripheral blood neutrophils (PAN) were determined using the nitroblue tetrazolium reduction test. The studies were carried out in the acute period and in the period of convalescence. Mathematical and statistical processing of the data obtained was carried out using Microsoft Excel 2003 and Statistica 6.0 programs. The significance of differences between the mean values was determined using the Student's test (t). Results. It was found that infection of children with HHV-6 leads to a decrease in the functional activity of neutrophils in the onset of streptococcal tonsillitis compared with uninfected patients (p&lt;0.05). Also, the acute period of streptococcal tonsillitis in patients with co-infection is accompanied by a violation of the functional reserve of the oxygen-dependent mechanism of bactericidal neutrophils: minimal opportunities were found in tonsillitis on the background of HHV-6 infection (p&lt;0.05). By the period of convalescence, a decrease in the indicators of the functional activity of neutrophils, increased in the acute period, was recorded, but in children infected with HHV-6, a complete recovery of indicators to the physiological norm did not occur. One of the features of streptococcal tonsillitis in children with HHV-6 infection is an increase in serum gamma globulin level (p˂0.05), lack of significant dynamics of decrease in the ASL-O indicator. Conclusions. The presence of VHL-6t infection in a child with streptococcal tonsillitis adversely affects the state of nonspecific protective factors, in particular PAN. The obtained data must be used to optimize the management of patients at different periods of the disease, including at the stages of dispensary observation

Evaluation of neutrophil functional activity for rhinosinusitis diagnosis.

Bacterial rhinosinusitis (BRS) is a complicated form of rhinosinusitis, characterized by its acute course and tendency to chronicity. A significant role in pathogenetic mechanisms of HRS is played by functional state of neutrophils responsible for inflammation development at HRS. Investigation of neutrophils metabolic activity on external stimuli by chemiluminescence method in patients with acute and chronic forms of the disease will enable to develop method of differential diagnostics of BRS forms. The examination of 65 patients with BRS which were divided into patients with acute form (n=35) and chronic form of the disease (n=30) was carried out. The control group consisted of 30 healthy subjects. Functional activity of neutrophils was studied in whole blood by chemiluminescence with double stimulation (phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) and N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP). In patients with the acute form of BRS we found an increase in parameters of specific maximum intensity of neutrophils luminescence, light sum of spontaneous and stimulated luminol-dependent chemiluminescence and a decrease in time to maximum output. Patients with the chronic form of BRS revealed a decrease in the luminescence of spontaneous, stimulated neutrophil production and maximum luminescence intensity. On the basis of significant differences in chemiluminescence indices of neutrophils, a method of differential diagnosis of the BRS forms was developed. The results obtained testify to increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by neutrophils in the process of killing in patients with acute form of LRS and depletion of cell function and reserve in patients with the chronic form. Developed on the basis of the studied indicators method of diagnosing the forms of BRS by chemiluminescence will allow to differentiate acute and chronic forms of the disease, which will increase the effectiveness of treatment of patients.