Neutral Partner Research Articles

Overtone Transition 2ν1 of HCO+ and HOC+: Origin, Radiative Lifetime, Collisional Quenching.

We present spectra of the first overtone vibration transition of C-H/ O-H stretch (2ν1) in HCO+ and HOC+, recorded using a laser induced reaction action scheme inside a cryogenic 22 pole radio frequency trap. Band origins have been located at 6078.68411(19) and 6360.17630(26) cm-1, respectively. We introduce a technique based on mass selective ejection from the ion trap for recording background free action spectra. Varying the number density of the neutral action scheme reactant (CO2 and Ar, respectively) and collisional partner reactant inside the ion trap, permitted us to estimate the radiative lifetime of the state to be 1.53(34) and 1.22(34) ms, respectively, and the collisional quenching rates of HCO+(2ν1) with He, H2, and N2.

Constraint for a light charged Higgs boson and its neutral partners from top quark pairs at the LHC

Constraint for a light charged Higgs boson and its neutral partners from top quark pairs at the LHC

Роль Турции и Китая в системе внешнеэкономических приоритетов России в условиях санкций

The introduction of economic sanctions by western countries against Russia has stimulated the process of reorienting Russian trade and economic ties toward neutral partners, particularly to Turkey and China. This study evaluates the extent to which Russian-Turkish cooperation is becoming more significant a factor in neutralizing the impact of sanctions on the Russian economy and compares the relative importance of Turkey and China as trade and economic partners for Russia during the sanctions period. The article explores the potential of Russian-Turkish and Russian-Chinese cooperation. China and Turkey play the role of Russia’s key partners in overcoming the negative consequences of sanctions. The authors conclude that since the start of tough sanctions in 2022–2023, Turkey’s role in Russia’s trade policy grew at a faster pace than China’s role in a number of areas of economic cooperation. This was confirmed by the evidence of faster growth rates of trade, and by more active energy and tourist cooperation, and by Turkey’s level of direct investments comparable to the Chinese one. Despite this, China continues to be the most significant economic partner for Russia. The Western pressure on China under the sanctions during 2023–2024, was felt to a lesser extent than against Turkey. This explained why by the end of 2023, the growth rate of China’s trade with Russia rebegan to outpace the growth rate of Russia’s trade with Turkey. Overall, the anti-sanctions nature of trade policy, based mainly on trade rather than on investments could be depicted as not solid enough, and the likelihood of curtailing ties under pressure from Western countries remains high, that is partially confirmed by the change in the latest dynamics of Russia’s trade with Turkey in 2023–24.

Constraint for a light charged Higgs boson and its neutral partners from top quark pairs at the LHC

Constraint for a light charged Higgs boson and its neutral partners from top quark pairs at the LHC

First Observation of a Doubly Charged Tetraquark and Its Neutral Partner.

A combined amplitude analysis is performed for the decays B^{0}→D[over ¯]^{0}D_{s}^{+}π^{-} and B^{+}→D^{-}D_{s}^{+}π^{+}, which are related by isospin symmetry. The analysis is based on data collected by the LHCb detector in proton-proton collisions at center-of-mass energies of 7, 8, and 13TeV. The full data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 9 fb^{-1}. Two new resonant states with masses of 2.908±0.011±0.020 GeV and widths of 0.136±0.023±0.013 GeV are observed, which decay to D_{s}^{+}π^{+} and D_{s}^{+}π^{-} respectively. The former state indicates the first observation of a doubly charged open-charm tetraquark state with minimal quark content [cs[over ¯]ud[over ¯]], and the latter state is a neutral tetraquark composed of [cs[over ¯]u[over ¯]d] quarks. Both states are found to have spin-parity of 0^{+}, and their resonant parameters are consistent with each other, which suggests that they belong to an isospin triplet.

Electronic and dynamical properties of non-covalent diatomic aggregates formed by He with neutral and ionic Li and Be.

This work aims to study the influence of the absence and presence of permanent charges on the electronic and dynamical properties of the non-covalent bound diatomic systems involving He and Li, Be as neutral and ionic partners. The charge displacement results suggest that in the formation of HeLi[Formula: see text], HeBe[Formula: see text], and HeBe[Formula: see text], the neutral He atom undergoes, in the electric field of the ion, a pronounced electronic polarization, and the natural bond order theoretical approach indicates that in the formation of the molecular orbital He acts as a weak electron donor. The energy decomposition analysis provides the dispersion and induction components as the attractive leading terms controlling the stability of all systems, confirming that the formed bond substantially maintains a non-covalent nature which is also supported by the Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules (QTAIM) analysis. Finally, it was found that the HeLi and HeBe neutral systems are unstable under any condition, HeLi[Formula: see text] and HeBe[Formula: see text] ionic systems are stable below 317K and 138K, respectively, while the HeBe[Formula: see text] system becomes unstable only after 3045K. The potential energy curves and interactions in all systems were studied theoretically based on coupled-cluster singles and doubles method with perturbative inclusion of triples CCSD(T) method with an aug-cc-pV5Z basis set. More precisely, it was determined the potential energy curves describing the stability of the HeLi, HeLi[Formula: see text], HeBe, HeBe[Formula: see text], and HeBe[Formula: see text] systems, the charge displacement within the formed adducts, the decomposition of their total interaction energy, the topological analysis of their bonds, their rovibrational energies, their spectroscopic constants and lifetimes.

The Impact of Recognizing a Romantic Partner’s Character Strengths on Relationship Satisfaction

Previous research indicates that identifying character strengths in oneself is beneficial. The present study investigated whether interventions focused on assisting individuals in recognizing strengths in romantic partners would influence relationship satisfaction. A randomized experimental design was used to assign a total of 243 participants (mean age = 37.3, SD = 12.1) to one of the following three conditions: identification of partner strengths, a curiosity prime followed by identification of partner strengths, and a control condition consisting of reflecting on neutral partner preferences. Participants in each condition rated their current relationship satisfaction and curiosity regarding their partners’ strengths. Participants in the recognition of partner character strengths condition reported significantly more relationship satisfaction compared to participants the control group. There were no other significant differences between groups. The findings suggest that character strength interventions could be used to improve partner relationship quality.

Fingerprinting fragments of fragile interstellar molecules: dissociation chemistry of pyridine and benzonitrile revealed by infrared spectroscopy and theory.

The cationic fragmentation products in the dissociative ionization of pyridine and benzonitrile have been studied by infrared action spectroscopy in a cryogenic ion trap instrument at the Free-Electron Lasers for Infrared eXperiments (FELIX) Laboratory. A comparison of the experimental vibrational fingerprints of the dominant cationic fragments with those from quantum chemical calculations revealed a diversity of molecular fragment structures. The loss of HCN/HNC is shown to be the major fragmentation channel for both pyridine and benzonitrile. Using the determined structures of the cationic fragments, potential energy surfaces have been calculated to elucidate the nature of the neutral fragment partner. In the fragmentation chemistry of pyridine, multiple non-cyclic structures are formed, whereas the fragmentation of benzonitrile dominantly leads to the formation of cyclic structures. Among the fragments are linear cyano-(di)acetylene˙+, methylene-cyclopropene˙+ and o- and m-benzyne˙+ structures, the latter possible building blocks in interstellar polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) formation chemistry. Molecular dynamics simulations using density functional based tight binding (MD/DFTB) were performed and used to benchmark and elucidate the different fragmentation pathways based on the experimentally determined structures. The implications of the difference in fragments observed for pyridine and benzonitrile are discussed in an astrochemical context.

The last complex WIMPs standing

We continue the study of weakly interacting massive particles (WIMP) started in Bottaro et al. (Eur Phys J C 82:31, 2022), focusing on a single complex electroweak n-plet with non-zero hypercharge added to the Standard Model. The minimal splitting between the Dark Matter and its electroweak neutral partner required to circumvent direct detection constraints allows only multiplets with hypercharge smaller or equal to 1. We compute for the first time all the calculable WIMP masses up to the largest multiplet allowed by perturbative unitarity. For the minimal allowed splitting, most of these multiplets can be fully probed at future large-exposure direct detection experiments, with the notable exception of the doublet with hypercharge 1/2. We show how a future muon collider can fully explore the parameter space of the complex doublet combining missing mass, displaced track and long-lived track searches. In the same spirit, we study how a future muon collider can probe the parameter space of complex WIMPs in regions where the direct detection cross section drops below the neutrino floor. Finally, we comment on how precision observables can provide additional constraints on complex WIMPs.

Adaptive prospective memory for faces of cheaters and cooperators.

A central tenet of the adaptive-memory framework is that memory has not merely evolved to help us relive the past but to prepare us for the future. In reciprocal social exchange, for instance, people must learn from previous experiences to approach cooperators and to avoid cheaters. In this sense, adaptive memory is inherently prospective. The present research is the first to test this central assumption of the adaptive-memory framework. In Experiments 1 and 2, participants played a Prisoner's Dilemma game and encountered cheating, cooperating, and neutral partners. The faces of these partners later reappeared during an event-based prospective-memory task. Participants showed better prospective-memory performance for cooperator and cheater faces than for neutral control faces. Multinomial processing-tree modeling served to separate the prospective component (remembering that an action needs to be performed) from the retrospective component (recognizing the target faces) of prospective memory. Superior prospective-memory performance for cooperator and cheater faces was attributable to a stronger prospective component, whereas the retrospective component remained unaffected. Experiment 3 showed that emotional descriptions of targets were ineffective in increasing prospective memory, suggesting that emotional valence alone cannot account for the prospective-memory advantage found in Experiments 1 and 2. The results suggest that cooperating with someone or being cheated by someone has a strong impact on future-oriented cognition. Enhanced prospective memory for cooperator and cheater faces may have an important function for maintaining reciprocal relationships and for avoiding cheaters. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

Search for higgsinos decaying to two Higgs bosons and missing transverse momentum in proton-proton collisions at sqrt{s} = 13 TeV

Results are presented from a search for physics beyond the standard model in proton-proton collisions at sqrt{s} = 13 TeV in channels with two Higgs bosons, each decaying via the process H → b overline{mathrm{b}} , and large missing transverse momentum. The search uses a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb−1 collected by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC. The search is motivated by models of supersymmetry that predict the production of neutralinos, the neutral partners of the electroweak gauge and Higgs bosons. The observed event yields in the signal regions are found to be consistent with the standard model background expectations. The results are interpreted using simplified models of supersymmetry. For the electroweak production of nearly mass-degenerate higgsinos, each of whose decay chains yields a neutralino left({overset{sim }{upchi}}_1^0right) that in turn decays to a massless goldstino and a Higgs boson, left({overset{sim }{upchi}}_1^0right) masses in the range 175 to 1025 GeV are excluded at 95% confidence level. For the strong production of gluino pairs decaying via a slightly lighter left({overset{sim }{upchi}}_2^0right) to H and a light left({overset{sim }{upchi}}_1^0right) , gluino masses below 2330 GeV are excluded.

Cover Feature: Structural Elucidation of C6H4+. Using Chemical Reaction Monitoring: Charge Transfer Versus Bond Forming Reactions (ChemPhysChem 5/2022)

The Cover Feature illustrates how charge transfer reaction of C6H4+ with C3H4 isomers allows for structural evidence of the formation the ortho-benzyne distonic cation from various PAH precursors. The methodology can be generalized using neutral reaction partners with ionisation energies forming a chemical ruler to elucidate the ionic structure. More information can be found in the Research Article by Ugo Jacovella and co-workers.

Neutrino masses and magnetic moments of electron and muon in the Zee Model

We explore parameter space in the Zee Model to resolve the long-standing tension of the electron and muon anomalous magnetic moment (AMM). The model comprises a second Higgs doublet and a charged singlet at electroweak scale and generates Majorana neutrino masses at one-loop level; the neutral partner of the SU(2)L doublet contributes to the AMM of electron and muon via one loop and two-loop corrections. We propose two minimal flavor structures that can explain these anomalies while fitting the neutrino oscillation data. We find that the neutral Higgs resides in the mass range of roughly 10–300 GeV or 1–30 GeV, depending on the flavor structures. The model is consistent with constraints from colliders, electroweak precision data, and lepton flavor violation. To be comprehensive, we examine the constraints from the electric dipole moment (EDM) and find a region of parameter space that gives a sizable contribution to muon EDM while simultaneously giving corrections to muon AMM. In addition to the light scalar, the two charged scalars with masses as low as 100 GeV can induce nonstandard neutrino interactions εee as large as 8%, potentially hinting at new physics. We also investigate the projected capability of future lepton colliders to probe the currently allowed parameter space consistent with both electron and muon AMMs via direct searches in the ℓ+ℓ− → ℓ+ℓ−(H → ℓ+ℓ−) channel.

Using place-based public engagement to improve social and environmental sustainability: Lessons from partnership working in Cornwall, UK

Public engagement with research and innovation is often inversely related to socio-economic status, with significant implications for realising positive solutions to pressing concerns, such as the biodiversity and climate crises. This paper reports on the use of place-based public workshops focusing on co-design of urban green spaces to understand: the extent to which public workshops can engage local people in relatively poor locations; the degree to which working with self-organised groups or newly-engaged publics impacts levels of engagement and outcomes; and how universities can play a role in developing locally relevant practical solutions to transdisciplinary issues such as the climate and biodiversity crises. We report on an action research project that involved facilitated co-design workshops in three towns in Cornwall, UK. The research methods included a survey of participants and follow up interviews with key stakeholders. We found that the workshops were successful in engaging local people, including those with less interest in the environment. Independent follow-on activities from aligned self-organised groups were greater than for newly engaged publics but this was partly dependent on the knowledge and skills of those involved. The role of the university as a neutral partner, in providing expertise and seed funding, was seen to be positive, with short-term timescales, communication and the ability to retain longer term involvement reported as hindrances to successful collaboration.

Density Functional Theory Studies on Effects of Additive Hydration on Neutral and Zwitterionic Glycylalanine

The density functional theory computations have been carried out to study the effect of stepwise hydration on the structures of various conformers of the Neutral Glycylalanine…(Water) n (NGA…(W) n ) (n=5-10) and Zwitterionic Glycylalanine...(Water) n (ZGA…(W)n) (n=5-9) clusters. This indicates that the most stable neural GA conformer is 50.2 kcal/mol lower in energy than its zwitterionic counterpart. The hydrogen bonding interaction energies with BSSE corrections have been analyzed. Starting from complexation with six water molecules, ZGA complexes turn out to be the most stable candidates than their neutral partners. Theories of Bader’s Atoms in Molecules (AIM) and Natural Bond Orbital (NBO) are applied to examine the hydrogen bonds in the solvated complexes. In all hydrated complexes, the N-H (amino group)-Ow and O15-H16… Ow bonds are observed to be relatively short and possess comparatively higher values of (r) and (r). A good correlation between the structural parameters and the properties of charge density is found.

Autodetachment over Broad Photon Energy Ranges in the Anion Photoelectron Spectra of [O2-M]- (M = Glyoxal, Methylglyoxal, or Biacetyl) Complex Anions.

Complexes of anion-neutral pairs are prevalent in chemical and physical processes in the interstellar medium, the atmosphere, and biological systems, among others. However, bimolecular anionic species that cannot be described as simple ion-molecule complexes due to their competitive electron affinities have received less attention. In this study, the [O2-M]- (M = glyoxal, methylglyoxal, or biacetyl) anion photoelectron spectra obtained with several different photon energies are reported and interpreted in the context of ab initio calculations. The spectra do not resemble the photoelectron spectra of M- or O2- "solvated" by a neutral partner. Rather, all spectra are dominated by near-threshold autodetachment from what are likely transient dipole bound states of the cis conformers of the complex anions. Very low Franck-Condon overlap between the neutral M·O2 van der Waals clusters and the partial covalently bound complex anions results in low-intensity, broad direct detachment observed in the spectra. The [O2-glyoxal]- spectra measured with 2.88 and 3.495 eV photon energies additionally exhibit features at ∼0.5 eV electron kinetic energy, which is more difficult to explain, though there are numerous quasibound states of the anion that may be involved. Overall, these features point to the inadequacy of describing the complex anions as simple ion-molecule complexes.

About the exotic structure of Zcs

Very recently a new hadronic structure around 3.98 GeV was observed in BESIII experiment. From its decay modes, it is reasonable for people to assign it to the category of exotic state, say Zcs+, the stranged-parter of Zc(3900). This finding indicates for the first time the tetraquark with strange quark in hidden-charm sector, and hence has a peculiar importance. By virtue of the QCD Sum Rule technique, we analyze the Zcs+ about its possible configuration and physical properties, and find it could be configured as a mixture of two types of structures, [1c]c¯u⊗[1c]s¯c and [1c]c¯c⊗[1c]s¯u, or [3c]c¯u⊗[3¯c]s¯c and [3c]c¯c⊗[3¯c]s¯u, with JP=1+. Physically, it then appears to be the emergence of a compound of four possible currents in each configuration, which tells that the single current evaluation of hadron spectroscopy and their decay properties are sometimes not enough. We find that in both cases the energy spectra may fit well with the experimental observation within the uncertainties, i.e. 3.98 GeV, while be noted that the molecular state is not favored by vector-meson-exchange model. Various Zcs+(3980) decay modes are evaluated, which are critical for pinning down its configuration and left for experimental verification. We also predict the mass of Zcs0, the neutral partner of Zcs+(3980), and analyze its dominant decay probabilities.

Individuals with schizophrenia display behaviour inconsistent with learned social impressions during a gambling task.

Many studies of social perception and judgement have required individuals to make evaluations of social parameters based on static presentations of social stimuli. In the current study, we assessed whether individuals with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder and community controls differed in their judgements of others based on a series of computerized encounters designed to simulate impression formation over time. Twenty-eight community controls and 29 individuals with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder completed 25 gambling interactions with three different computer partners. After interacting with each partner, subjects rated how much they liked, trusted, and would like to play again with each partner. Results indicated that while individuals with schizophrenia rated the three partners differently (evaluating partners who returned more money higher than partners who returned less money), they did not adjust their gambling strategies with the different partners. Community controls adjusted the amount of money they gambled with the different partners, gambling more with partners that returned more money and gambling less with partners who returned less money, despite not rating the neutral and positive partners significantly differently from one another. These results suggest differences in behavioural strategies and social evaluation practices between community controls and individuals with schizophrenia. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Schizophrenia (SZ) and community control (CC) participants evaluate virtual partners on a gambling task in accordance with their behaviour (e.g., positive>neutral>negative in terms of trustworthiness, how much they liked them, and the likelihood that they would play with that individual again). Individuals with schizophrenia gambled equally with neutral, negative, and positive partner. Individuals with schizophrenia demonstrate an intact ability to form social impressions based on others' behaviour. However, subsequent behaviour does not parallel the formed impression (i.e., changing their gambling amount so that they are betting less money with a virtual partner they know is untrustworthy).

A Two-Electron Bispyridinylidene Anolyte for Non-Aqueous Organic Redox Flow Batteries

Bispyridinylidenes (BPYs) are promising anolyte materials for organic redox flow batteries owing to their low potential, reversible two-electron oxidation and low molecular weight; however, a recent study suggested that without appropriate substitution, these compounds are inherently unsuitable for this application owing to an apparent chemical reaction between the neutral and dicationic redox partners. It is now demonstrated that the electrolyte itself is key to their stability. In a dimethylformamide-based electrolyte, both BPY charge states (0/2+) exhibit complete compatibility, long lifetime, and excellent solubility (1.18 M, corresponding to a high capacity of 63 Ah l−1). In symmetric cell testing, capacities of up to 100% of the theoretical value and coulombic efficiencies above 98% were achieved, though cell lifetimes with cycling were less than those of the individual BPY redox partners alone in the electrolyte. Considering the tuneability of BPY properties by structural modification, these results should promote further development of this exciting and unique class of materials for energy storage.

Partner in crime: Beneficial cooperation overcomes children's aversion to antisocial others.

Young children display strong aversion toward antisocial individuals, but also feel responsible for joint activities and express a strong sense of group loyalty. This paper aims to understand how beneficial cooperation with an antisocial partner shapes preschoolers' attitudes, preferences, and moral judgments concerning antisocial individuals. We argue that although young children display a strong aversion to antisocial characters, children may overcome this aversion when they stand to personally benefit. In Study 1a (N=62), beneficial cooperation with an antisocial partner resulted in the children's later preference for the antisocial partner over the neutral partner. Study 1b (N=91) replicated this effect with discrete measurement of liking (resource distribution) and showed that children rewarded more and punished less the antisocial partner in the beneficial cooperation setting. In Study 2, (N=58), children's aversion to an antisocial in-group member decreased when the cooperation benefited other in-group members. Finally, in Study 3 (N=62), when children passively observed the antisocial individual, personal benefits from the antisocial behavior did not change their negative attitude toward the antisocial individual. Overall, beneficial cooperation with the antisocial partner increased the children's liking and preference for the antisocial partner, but did not affect the children's moral judgments. Presented evidence suggests that by the age of 4, children develop a strong obligation to collaborate with partners who help them to acquire resources-even when these partners harm third parties, which children recognize as immoral.