Neutral Attitude Research Articles

Knowledge and Attitude Toward Sciatica Pain and Treatment Methods Among the Population of Qassim in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Sciatica, a pain radiating along the sciatic nerve, can cause significant suffering and functional limitations. Understanding individual populations' knowledge and attitudes about sciatica pain is crucial for designing targeted interventions and enhancing healthcare delivery, especially in Saudi Arabia. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge and attitude towardsciatica pain and treatment methods among the population of Al-Qassim in Saudi Arabia. Methods and materials:This online cross-sectional study was conducted in the Al-Qassim region, Saudi Arabia, using a self-administered questionnaire. The data was analyzed using SPSS software, with numeric data presented as mean ± SD and categorical variables as frequencies and percentages. Correlation analyses included the Chi-squared test and one-way ANOVA. Results: The study received 398 responses, from mostly female (n=305, 76.6%)and Saudi adults aged under 30 (n=248, 62.3%). Most participants sought treatment for sciatica pain from a specialist doctor (n=28, 56.0%) or a general doctor (n=10, 20.0%). Physical therapy was the most common self-treatment method (n=11, 32.4%), followed by painkillers and muscle relaxants (n=10, 29.4%). Knowledge and attitude towardsciatica were generally low (mean score: 3.54 ± 2.61 out of 9), with only 70 (17.6%) showing good knowledge. Most respondents recognized practices like spinal imaging, surgery as a last resort, and exercise/sitting habits as impacting sciatica outcomes. Traditional therapies like massage, cupping, acupuncture, and cautery were considered beneficial. Educational level significantly impacted knowledge scores, with higher mean scores among postgraduate education holders and bachelor's degree holders (mean scores: 4.06 ± 2.48 and 3.98 ± 2.53, respectively). Age, gender, occupation, nationality, and region showed no significant differences in mean knowledge scores. Attitude scores were similar across sociodemographic spectra, with younger respondents having slightly more positive attitudes. Conclusion: The study showed poor knowledge, influenced by education levels, and neutral attitudes about sciatica among residents of Al-Qassim. Therefore, educational programs and engagement of healthcare stakeholders are recommended to raise awareness and improve knowledge and attitudes.

Cross-national examination of facilitators and hindrances to the public acceptance of hydrogen refuelling facilities

Recognising the factors that shape the public acceptance of hydrogen refuelling facilities is essential for gaining social support for the widespread implementation of hydrogen infrastructure. This study applies a cross-national research perspective to investigate the public acceptance of hydrogen refuelling facilities using stated-preference survey data. Moreover, multidimensional explanatory variables encompassing hydrogen energy awareness levels, hydrogen refuelling station configurations, residential characteristics, car ownership and use, and sociodemographics are used to interpret public acceptance. The data revealed that 21.1 %, 45.5 %, and 31.5 % of the respondents in Japan, Spain, and Norway expressed support for such facilities near their residences, respectively. An important discovery was the validation of nonproportional odds in acceptance measurements across countries, which challenges the conventional assumptions of parallel regression and suggests that distinct behavioural determinants shape positive, negative, and neutral attitudes. Consequently, a generalised ordinal logistic regression approach was applied to identify the determinants of varying acceptance levels and mitigate the biases from nonproportional odds. In addition to identifying facilitators and hindrances, the results highlight several predictors with polarising effects. These findings provide public feedback for enhancing the planning of hydrogen infrastructure and offer potential pathways for hydrogen risk communication and policymaking.

What is needed for improved uptake and adoption of digital aftercare programs by cancer survivors: a mixed methods study applying the COM-B model.

Cancer survivors face physical, lifestyle, psychological, and psychosocial challenges. Despite the availability of aftercare services, survivors still have unmet needs. Digital aftercare programs may offer support, but their use is limited. This study aimed to examine what is needed to improve uptake and adoption of these programs. Additionally, it explored sociodemographic and clinical variables that may influence these needs. A mixed-methods approach was used, involving qualitative interviews and a questionnaire. The research was guided by the COM-B model of behaviour, which considers capability, opportunity, and motivation crucial for behaviour. Qualitative analysis was performed using the framework method. Statistical analyses involved descriptive statistics and regression analysis. Fourteen cancer survivors were interviewed, and 213 participants completed the questionnaire. Findings indicated that most respondents had a positive or neutral attitude towards digital aftercare programs, believing these could address their cancer-related challenges. Still, only a small percentage had experience with them, and most were unaware of their existence. Many expressed a desire to be informed about them. Some were uncertain about their effectiveness. Others were concerned about a lack of reimbursement. No significant influence of the sociodemographic and clinical variables was found. Cancer survivors are generally positive about digital aftercare programs but are often unaware of their availability. Raising awareness, clarifying their value, and providing support and reimbursement could enhance uptake and adoption. The current insights can help improve participation in digital aftercare programs, ultimately fosteringhealth, well-being, and quality of life of cancer survivors.

THE ROLE OF CONFUCIANISM IN THE IDEOLOGICAL DOCTRINE OF MODERN CHINA

The article attempts to consider the complex and sometimes contradictory system of interaction that prevails in modern China between the Marxist ideology and the Confucian worldview, which is historically a priority for this state. The main tenets of Confucius’ teachings are presented: traditionalism, an internal system of moral and ethical values, and even a strict hierarchical system of social interactions. During the 20th and the first quarter of the 21st century, Confucianism and Marxism went through a complex and sometimes tragic system of relations. From the complete prohibition of Confucius during the period of acute socio-political reformation ("Movement for a new culture" and the "cultural revolution") to a relatively neutral attitude in the intermediate historical period. The current stage of development of the ideological model of Chinese society can be characterized as a creative symbiosis between Marxism and Confucianism.

교원양성과정 교직이론 담당 교강사의 통합교육 인식과 과목 내 통합교육 고려 현황

This study aimed to conduct an online survey of professors instructing teacher education theory courses at teacher education programs in South Korea to determine their perceptions of inclusive education and the current status of integrating inclusive education content into their teacher education theory courses. A total of 195 responses were included in the analysis. Descriptive statistics were computed; t-tests or correlation analyses were conducted to examine the associations between variables. The qualitative responses were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Professors had neutral attitudes towards inclusive education. Prior diversity-related experience and collaboration with special education professors were more influential than demographic information in influencing their attitudes toward inclusion and their teaching practices. Four overarching themes emerged from the qualitative responses. Based on the results, recommendations were made to improve teacher education programs to better reflect the needs of the inclusive education field.

Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Upper Cross Syndrome among Physiotherapists in Karachi

Background: Upper Cross Syndrome (UCS) has been considered one of the most prevalent musculoskeletal conditions reported worldwide. Understanding this condition is crucial for medical professionals to improve patient care. Despite that, data regarding knowledge, attitudes, and practice patterns in treating UCS among physiotherapists still need to be discovered. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 101 physiotherapists enrolled through purposive sampling techniques from secondary and tertiary care settings. All the participants were given consent and a structured self-designed questionnaire on KAP regarding UCS. Results: The results showed good, fair, and poor knowledge of 65.3%, 23.8%, and 10.9% of physiotherapists, respectively. Meanwhile, 95%, 4% and 1% physiotherapists showed positive, neutral and negative attitudes, respectively. Furthermore, 61.4% of physiotherapists are good in practice, 21.8% are doing fair practice, and 16.8% have poor practice in giving the interventions to the patients of UCS. Evidence suggests a significant correlation between the attitude and qualification of the respondents (p<0.01), and there was no significant association between knowledge and qualification and practice and qualification (p>0.05). Conclusion: It has been observed that physiotherapists have good knowledge and attitudes towards UCS. They are practicing well in this domain. Physical therapists are more concerned with promoting physical activity, so they must take responsibility for providing effective treatment at UCS. Keywords: Musculoskeletal Disorders, Pain, Posture, Physical Therapy.

Comparison Study on Sentiment Analysis Using Lexicon for Airlines Using Supervised Methods

Nowadays, sentiment analysis usually uses social media websites such as Twitter to analyse the public's opinion on a particular topic. Users have unrestricted access to this website and can express their opinions freely without any restrictions, and it is well-known that opinions influence readers. Therefore, the main objective of this research is to identify the public's positive, negative, and neutral attitudes towards airlines such as Malaysian Airlines, Air Asia, and Malindo Air. Two approaches are adopted: the lexicon-based approach to label the tweets and the machine learning approach such as Naïve Bayes, SVM, and Deep Learning to predict and compare the performance. A total of 35,005 tweets from airlines with all three keywords were evaluated. Deep Learning achieved the highest accuracy and f1 score with 74.10% and 73.49%, respectively. The results show that Deep Learning outperforms the other classifiers by having the highest precision and f1 score. Finally, the sentiment analysis results are visualized in a dashboard to enable a more accurate research analysis. For future work, the dashboard could be integrated into a web-based dashboard to be published for the public and not only for airlines.

Magnitude and associated factors of occupational hazard exposures among sanitary workers: Propose RASM model for risk mitigation for the public hospitals, eastern Ethiopia

BackgroundHospital sanitation workers (SWs) are exposed to numerous occupational hazards due to workplace conditions such as unsafe and unhygienic working environment in the hospitals. Therefore, knowing magnitude, types and source of occupational hazard exposures with their determinants are very significant for further mitigations.MethodsHospital based cross-sectional study design was conducted in public hospitals, eastern Ethiopia from 1st May to August 30th, 2023. 809 SWs participated. Data was entered into Epi Data Version 3.1 and Stata 17MP version used for analysis. Descriptive analysis was applied to describe the data. While, multilevel logistic regression was explored to determine the association between outcome and independents among at individual level (model 1), at hospitals (model 2) and combination of the two (model 3). The crude odds ratio (COR) and adjusted odds ratio (AOR) for models 2 and 3 were reported. Variables with an AOR with a 95% confidence interval (CI) at a p-value < 0.05 were reported.ResultOut of 809 SWs, 729 (90.11%) responded. The overall magnitude of self-reported occupational hazard exposures among SWs was 63.65% (95% CI 0.60–0.67). Of this, biological, chemical, and ergonomic hazards accounted for 82.44%, 74.76%, and 70.92%, respectively. The multilevel logistic regression shows that having social recognition (AOR: 0.37, 95% CI 0.14, 0.91), neutral attitude (AOR: 0.48, 95% CI 0.17, 1.41) as compared to negative attitude. The model also found that SWs those supervised could reduce the likelihood of occupational hazard exposures by 50% times (AOR: 0.50, 95% CI 0.18, 1.38) as compared to non-supervised SWs. The final model predicted the variation of occupational hazard exposures among sanitary workers from the hospitals to hospitals was 26.59%.ConclusionsThe concluded that hospital sanitary workers are facing biological, chemical, ergonomic, physical, psychological, mechanical, and electrical hazards. This study’s findings predicted that dissatisfied with their environment, working more than 8 hr per a day, a negative attitude towards workplace risks and inadequate supervision may serve as contributing factors for the likelihood of occupational hazard exposures among these groups. Thus, the study suggested that hospitals could reduce these hazard risks if they implement the Risk Assessment and Safety Management (RASM) model, which includes multi-modal strategies, indicators and tripartite philosophy.

Suspension in Inquiry

Abstract When we're inquiring to find out whether p is true, knowing that we'll get better evidence in the future seems like a good reason to suspend judgment about p now. But, as Matt McGrath has recently argued, this natural thought is in deep tension with traditional accounts of justification. On traditional views of justification, which doxastic attitude you are justified in having now depends on your current evidence, not on what you might learn later. McGrath proposes to resolve this tension by distinguishing between different ways of having a neutral attitude. I argue that McGrath's account is unable to account for the full range of cases in which an agnostic attitude is warranted. We can remedy this by pairing his account with my theory of transitional and terminal attitudes, which claims that attitudes are justified in different ways depending on whether they are formed in intermediate stages of deliberation or as conclusions of deliberation. I compare my view with an alternative, more parsimonious one, according to which deliberation itself is a source of new evidence. I argue that this alternative proposal is faced with a dilemma: it either generates a vicious regress, or it fails to capture the relevant cases.

Knowledge and Attitude of Rural Mothers toward Vaccination of Children under Five Years in Duhok Province

Abstract Background: Healthcare provision strategies show that disease prevention is always better than treatment. It is undeniable that vaccines have been an essential part of preventive measures based on their success in controlling vaccine-preventable diseases in the developed world. Objectives: The purpose of the study is to assess rural mothers’ knowledge and attitudes toward vaccinations of under five children. Additionally, determine how their demographic characteristics interrelate to such knowledge and attitude. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was established to research (500) rural mothers from November 2016 to November 2017, the sample for the current study was chosen using multi-stage sampling (cluster-simple random selection). Through a direct interview-based questionnaire, information on rural mothers was gathered, including information about their sociodemographic traits as well as information about their knowledge of and attitudes regarding the immunization of their children who are under five. Two approaches were adopted, descriptive and inferential statistics to analyze the acquired study-related data. Results: Nearly half the mothers (49%) had fair knowledge, and (46.2%) of them had a neutral attitude toward their under-five children’s vaccination. Conclusion: This study concluded that in Duhok Province rural mothers were at an equal distance from the extremities level related to mothers’ knowledge and attitude toward under-five years immunization.

Physiotherapists Lack Knowledge in Mental Health: A Survey of Knowledge and Attitudes of Physical Therapists About Their Role in Mental Health.

As the number of mental illnesses increases, there is a need to manage it holistically within a multidisciplinary team. The majority of patients with physical disabilities suffer from mental health problems, and physiotherapy can play a role in improving their lifestyle. This study aimed to determine physiotherapists' self-reported knowledge and attitudes regarding their role in treating patients with mental health disorders. This study adopted a descriptive, cross-sectional, and prospective observational survey design. The sample consisted of 208 physical therapists. The majority of the participants, (48%) had a positive attitude score, with (40%) having a neutral attitude and (12%) having a negative attitude toward treating patients with mental health issues. Most respondents (86%) reported that they need more information regarding patients with mental health disorders and physiotherapists' management of their physical health issues. Many physiotherapists lack knowledge and hold a neutral to negative attitude towards treating patients with mental disorders. This highlights the need for more training to fill the gap in knowledge and guide physiotherapists to build upon their positive attitude towards treating patients with mental disorders.

Knowledge and Attitudes Regarding Infertility among Infertile Couples in Mosul City, Iraq

Abstract Objective: This study aims to assess the knowledge and attitude toward infertility among infertile couples. Materials and Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional research design was implemented over a period lasting from October 5, 2022, to December 25, 2022. A total of 138 infertile couples were selected through simple random sampling, and interviews were conducted with couples who attended consulting clinics for the management and treatment of infertility in three hospitals in Mosul city using a questionnaire. Results: The results revealed that 58% of the couples who participated in the study had moderate pieces of knowledge about infertility, and 42% had inadequate knowledge, 60.9% of the couples who participated in the study had a positive attitude, 36.2% had a neutral attitude, and 2.9% of them had a negative attitude toward infertility disease. Conclusion: This study concludes that most of the couples who took part in the study had been married for more than 5 years, and over half of them had an average understanding of infertility and a positive attitude toward it.

Assessment of Awareness of Consumer Rights on The Example of the Karkonosze Region

Abstract The aim of the article was to assess the awareness of consumer rights on the example of the residents of the Karkonosze district. The main goal was deagglomerated into specific goals, which are assessment of consumers' knowledge of the law and their skillful use, assessment of sellers’ knowledge of the law, determining the frequency and specificity of problems with which consumers contact the Consumer Rights Adviser of the Region. The main research hypothesis was that consumerism is one of the newest trends in consumption, and in the Karkonosze region, awareness of consumer rights is at a subjectively average level. The analysis of research, which included a survey among the residents of the Karkonosze district, interviews with sellers and the Consumer Rights Adviser of the Region, and an analysis of secondary research, confirmed the hypothesis. The research also showed that the majority of respondents maintain a neutral attitude towards legal regulations, but they know how to use them correctly and are able to propose necessary changes.

Predictive factors of the Covid-19 self-test kits behavior usage among undergraduate students in Thailand: a cross-sectional survey

The COVID-19 self-test kit plays a pivotal role in public health by identifying active infections and enhancing individuals' access to testing. Its rapid results enable early detection of positive cases, contributing significantly to the control of disease transmission. This cross-sectional survey aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and behavior in using COVID-19 self-test kit and explored demographic characteristics, knowledge, and attitude as factors predicting COVID-19 self-test kit usage behavior among undergraduate students of the Faculty of Physical Education, Sports, and Health. The participants were selected by quota sampling technique. Data were collected from February 1 to 25, 2023. A total of 446 participants completed an anonymous online questionnaire voluntarily. Descriptive statistics, one-way analysis of variance and multiple stepwise linear regression were utilized for data analysis, using SPSS at a significance level of 0.05. The findings showed a high level of knowledge (71.3%) in using COVID-19 self-test kits, moderate scores in behavior (71.7%) and a neutral attitude (54.3%) towards their usage. Gender, year of study, department of study, and underlying disease exhibited noteworthy disparities in knowledge scores (all p&lt;0.05). Similarly, gender, number of COVID-19 infections, and vaccination status were associated with attitudes (all p &lt; 0.001). Furthermore, the department of study emerged as a significant factor influencing behavioral aspects (p = 0.013). Attitude (β = 0.427, 95% CI [0.455, 0.685], p &lt; 0.001), being from the Department of Public Health (β = 0.199, 95% CI [2.388, 5.771], p &lt; 0.001), knowledge (β = 0.168, 95% CI [0.316, 0.962], p &lt; 0.001), being gender diverse (β = -0.089, 95% CI [-5.428, -0.157], p = 0.038), and being infected with COVID-19 twice (β = -0.083, 95% CI [-6.632, -0.015], p = 0.049) were significant predictors of COVID-19 self-test kit usage behavior. The identified predictors provide practical guidance for educational institutions and health authorities.

Clinical pathways for Korean medicine: An implementation approach to impact on the clinical process and association with attitudes

BackgroundSouth Korea's Ministry of Health and Welfare has developed clinical pathways for Korean Medicine (KM-CPs). As part of this initiative, a panel comprising Korean Medicine doctors (KMD) was assembled. This implementation study aimed to preliminarily explore how KM-CP implementation affects the appropriateness and efficiency of the clinical process and its relation to attitude. MethodsThrough random sampling, 311 KMDs were recruited as panelists to participate in two surveys. The surveys included information regarding the KM clinical environment and KM-CP implementation. A panel management program and educational materials were provided to KMDs between the two survey periods. Only 262 KMDs who responded to both surveys were included in the analysis. Three analyses were conducted: 1) descriptive analysis of the study variables, 2) panel analysis using the ordered logit regression model to elucidate the impact of KM-CP on the appropriateness and efficiency of the clinical process, and 3) ordered logit regression analysis of the association between KM-CP implementation and attitude. ResultsMore than two-thirds of the KMDs attempted to adopt KM-CP, with mostly positive perception expressed by these doctors. However, expectations and concerns coexist with the standardization of KM-CP. Cases in which KM-CPs were partially and mostly implemented respectively had negative and positive effects on the appropriateness and efficiency of the clinical process compared to those in which KM-CPs were not implemented. Compared to neutral attitude, positive and very positive attitudes tended to be associated with increased implementation of KM-CP. However, statistical significances were not observed. ConclusionsThe impact of KM-CP on the clinical process and its association with attitude were found to be statistically unclear or inconsistent. Considering the study limitations and implications, we suggest a policy and academic strategies aimed at fostering improvement to enhance its utility.

Localization of the questionnaire about sharps disposal at home among diabetes based on knowledge, attitude, and practice theory, and a cross-sectional survey of current conditions.

Diabetes Mellitus is a long duration disease, and if a person with diabetes is infected with a blood-borne infectious disease and proper syringe disposal practices are not followed, they run the danger of transmitting the infection to others for a very long period. Whereas fewer research has been done in China on the handing of sharp objects at home. Therefore, there is a need to translate and localize the Knowledge-Attitude-Practice Questionnaire regarding sharp disposal for diabetic patients to assess the current level of patient knowledge, attitudes, and practices and to improve the basis for promoting safe sharps handling practices. This investigation was a cross-sectional study. The Knowledge-Attitude-Practice Questionnaire regarding sharp disposal was localized and debugged and tested for reliability and validity, and then 334 patients were investigated by General Characteristics Questionnaire, Knowledge- Attitude-Practice Questionnaire regarding sharp disposal, and the influencing factors of practice level regarding sharp disposal of patients were analyzed. The Cronbach's α value of the attitude section was 0.864 and the content validity index was 0.923. The knowledge and practice sections are in line with continental language conventions and are easy to understand without any ambiguity. The majority (52%) of the participants had poor knowledge and a neutral attitude toward disposing of sharp objects. Sharps disposal practices among diabetes mellitus patients were poor since about 90% of patients dispose of their used sharps directly into the household waste. Furthermore, we found that level of education, knowledge and attitude were the major predictors of practices regarding sharps disposal among diabetic patients (R 2 = 0.573, p < 0.001). The Chinese version of the Knowledge-Attitude-Practice Questionnaire regarding sharp disposal has applicability in China. In China, current practice of disposing used sharps is improper. Additionally, the majority of the subjects had low levels of knowledge and attitudes. To raise awareness and encourage diabetic patients to follow appropriate sharps disposal practices, there needs to be ongoing education and a locally tailored safe sharp disposal alternative accessible.

#2311 Comparative analysis of knowledge and attitude regarding deceased donation in health care workers and the general population

Abstract Background and Aims Kidney transplantation is widely regarded as the best treatment option for end stage kidney disease. Despite being introduced over 40 years ago, the rate of kidney transplantation in Bangladesh is still very low at an average yearly rate of below 200 transplants over the last 5 years. Lack of donors and financial constraints have emerged as the biggest obstacles. Until recently, live related transplantation was the only option. There have been only 2 deceased transplantations last year, both from the same donor. In order to understand these low rates, we aim to understand the prevailing knowledge and attitude towards transplantation in the community and among the health care workers (HCWs) and how much they differ. Method This cross-sectional study has been ongoing since May 2022. It is a self-administered survey using a paper-based questionnaire, developed by the Asian Society of Transplant, asking about the respondent's knowledge and attitude regarding deceased organ donation in Bangladesh. The survey was administered in both HCWs and non-HCWs using a pre-tested questionnaire. The HCWs were recruited from 9 hospitals across Bangladesh and the non-HCWs were recruited from Universities, attendants accompanying patients in hospital waiting areas and a few offices. Convenient sampling technique was used. Data was analyzed by statistical analysis software (SAS) studio. Results Data was collected from 1351 respondents, 874 (65.6%) were HCWs and 458 (34.4%) were non-HCWs. Among the HCWs, 131 (15%) were doctors, 745 (85.2%) were nurses and 130 (14.9%) were final year medical students. Among the non-HCWs, business (10.3%), acting (8.9%) and teaching (4.4%) were the predominant professions. The mean age of the respondents was 36.4 (±14.1) years, 65.5% were female. The HCWs were significantly younger and had more females, mostly owing to the large sample of nurses. Twenty percent of the non-HCWs never heard about deceased donation compared to 3.4% HCWs (p &amp;lt; 0.0001). 79.5% of the HCWs said they knew very little or not at all about deceased donation. The self-assessment was about similar in the non-HCWs. Only 11.6% HCWs said they received education about organ donation, compared to 20.5% of the non-HCWs (p = 0.0004). Regarding deceased donation, 36% HCWs had a positive attitude, 58.7% were neutral and 5.3% were negative. Among the non-HCWs, 30.5% were positive, 35.5% were neutral and 34% were negative (p &amp;lt; 0.0001). Regarding willingness, 11.1% HCWs were very willing to donate themselves, 61.3% were contemplating and 27.6% were unwilling. Among the non-HCWs, 11.2% were willing to donate, 48.8% were contemplating and 40% were unwilling. When asked to list all reasons for not willing to donate, lack of information was most common (64.8% HCWs, 49.6% non-HCWs), followed by fear of donation (12.5% HCWs, 25.9% non-HCWs) and religious beliefs (6.8% HCWs, 15.6% non-HCWs) (p &amp;lt; 0.0001). When asked about the most reliable sources of information in order to promote deceased donation, the opinion varied widely. The most popular ones were online contents (63.9% HCWs, 12.4% non-HCWs), outdoor events (36.2% HCWs, 21.2% non-HCWs) and TV advertises (30% HCWs, 6.1% non-HCWs) (p &amp;lt; 0.0001). Conclusion The overall knowledge regarding deceased donation was poor. Most people had a neutral attitude towards donation and were contemplating donation themselves. The HCWs were more willing to donate. Lack of information was the leading reason behind unwillingness. Online promotions were considered the best modality for future promotion.

Sociodemographic and obstetric factors may affect breastfeeding attitudes, self-efficacy, and knowledge in women with rheumatic diseases: a retrospective analysis of self-reported surveys.

Women with autoimmune rheumatic disease (ARDs) experience difficulties with BF in addition to those concerning their own disease. The aim of this study is to identify the impact factors as infant feeding attitude, the level of BF knowledge, BF self-efficacy, and the sociodemographic have in the intention to BF in women with ARDs. We performed an observational, retrospective, and analytical study. Reproductive-age women (18-50 years old) with ARDs with prior pregnancy history and who filled out self-reported BF surveys as part of the Rheumatology Integral Care Program were included. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were retrieved from medical charts. We analyzed three validated BF questionnaires. Sixty-five participants with a mean age of 41.32 ± 7.48 were evaluated. Of these, 63 (97%) women agreed with BF in the first 6 months. The most prevalent infant feeding attitude was neutral with 42 (64.6%) women. The most common level of BF knowledge was poor with 45 (69.2%) patients. There were significant correlations of BF knowledge with education years (p = < 0.001, r = 0.464) and age (p = 0.049, r=-0.245). A significant correlation was found between BF self-efficacy and age (p = 0.039, r = 0.257). Attitude toward BF was significantly associated with education level > 9 years (OR = 3.400; 95% CI = 1.091-10.593) and a history of miscarriage (OR = 3.670; 95% CI = 1.051-12.813). Although most women with ARDs agreed with BF, we identified a poor level of BF knowledge and a neutral infant feeding attitude as the most predominant. By identifying this data in women with ARDs, BF practices may be improved.

Knowledge, attitude, and practice toward osteoporosis among patients with chronic kidney disease in Zhejiang.

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are considered high-risk group for osteoporosis. However, the current understanding of their knowledge, attitude, and practice toward osteoporosis remains unclear. CKD patients were recruited from Li Huili Hospital, Ningbo Medical Center between March 2023 and June 2023. A self-designed questionnaire was used to collect the participant's demographic characteristics and knowledge, attitude, and practice toward osteoporosis. A total of 500 valid questionnaires were included in the analysis, with participants aged 51.08 ± 14.76 years. The mean scores for knowledge, attitude, and practice were 6.67 ± 3.04 (range: 0-11), 33.99 ± 3.37 (range: 10-50), and 35.29 ± 5.54 (range: 9-45), respectively. Pearson correlation analysis revealed significant positive associations between knowledge and attitude scores (r = 0.440, P < .001), knowledge and practice scores (r = 0.376, P < .001), as well as attitude and practice scores (r = 0.403, P < .001). Structural equation modeling revealed direct associations between knowledge and attitude (path coefficient = 0.488, P < .001), and between attitude and practice (path coefficient = 0.485, P < .001). The knowledge also exhibited a directly positive effect on practice (path coefficient = 0.449, P < .001). Undergoing glucocorticoid therapy (odd ratio [OR] = 2.353, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.022-5.418, P = .044) and osteoporosis osteoporosis (OR = 1.565, 95% CI: 1.011-2.421, P = .044) were positively associated with knowledge. Moreover, disease duration >1 year was positively associated with practice (OR = 3.643, 95% CI: 1.754-7.565, P < .001). CKD patients demonstrated moderate knowledge, neutral attitude, and moderate practice toward osteoporosis. To address the practice gaps of CKD patients toward osteoporosis, targeted educational interventions and attitude support programs can be developed.

Introducing the trier univalence neutrality ambivalence (TUNA) database: A picture database differentiating complex attitudes.

Using validated stimulus material is crucial for ensuring research comparability and replicability. However, many databases rely solely on bidimensional valence ratings, ranging from negative to positive. While this material might be appropriate for certain studies, it does not reflect the complexity of attitudes and therefore might hamper the unambiguous interpretation of some study results. In fact, most databases cannot differentiate between neutral (i.e., neither positive nor negative) and ambivalent (i.e., simultaneously positive and negative) attitudes. Consequently, even presumably univalent (only positive or negative) stimuli cannot be clearly distinguished from ambivalent ones when selected via bipolar rating scales. In the present research, we introduce the Trier Univalence Neutrality Ambivalence (TUNA) database, a database containing 304,262 validation ratings from heterogeneous samples of 3,232 participants and at least 20 (M = 27.3, SD = 4.84) ratings per self-report scale per picture for a variety of attitude objects on split semantic differential scales. As these scales measure positive and negative evaluations independently, the TUNA database allows to distinguish univalence, neutrality, and ambivalence (i.e., potential ambivalence). TUNA also goes beyond previous databases by validating the stimulus materials on affective outcomes such as experiences of conflict (i.e., felt ambivalence), arousal, anger, disgust, and empathy. The TUNA database consists of 796 pictures and is compatible with other popular databases. It sets a focus on food pictures in various forms (e.g., raw vs. cooked, non-processed vs. highly processed), but includes pictures of other objects that are typically used in research to study univalent (e.g., flowers) and ambivalent (e.g., money, cars) attitudes for comparison. Furthermore, to facilitate the stimulus selection the TUNA database has an accompanying desktop app that allows easy stimulus selection via a multitude of filter options.