Neuroticism Research Articles

Effect of personality on adolescents' emotion regulation

Objective To explore the effect of adolescents’ personality on emotion regulation. Methods 1073 adolescents were surveyed by adolescents’ personality scale and emotion regulation scale. Results positive emotion regulation strategies were positively correlated with openness, agreeable, extraversion and conscientiousness(r=0.359~0.455, P<0.01), and were negatively correlated with neuroticism(r=-0.266, P<0.01); negative emotion regulation strategies were negatively correlated with openness, agreeable, extraversion and conscientiousness(r=-0.117~-0.318, P<0.01), and were positively correlated with neuroticism(r=0.621, P<0.01); emotion regulation competence were positively correlated with openness, agreeable, extraversion and conscientiousness(r=0.402~0.498, P<0.01), and were negatively correlated with neuroticism(r=-0.466, P<0.01). Hierarchical regression analysis showed that cognitive reappraisal, positive refocusing, behavior diverting, rumination, self-suppressing and attacking others had an indirect effect between personality and emotion regulation competence(P<0.01). Conclusion Adolescents’ personality and emotion regulation strategies have effect on emotion regulation competence. Key words: Personality; Adolescent; Emotion regulation

Study on the college students' psychological characteristics of personality of the nine constitutions in traditional Chinese medicine

Objective To explore the psychological characteristics of personality of the nine constitutions in Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM), so as to enrich and develop the theory related with constitution in TCM. Methods From May 2009 to June 2009, 540 college students from two universities in Beijing were investigated by cross-sectional survey. Cluster sampling method was adopted and the constitution in Chinese Medicine Questionnaire(CCMQ) and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Short Scale for Chinese (EPQ-RSC) was used. Results ①In extraversion-introversion dimension, Gentleness type had the highest score(56.52±8.48) and Qi-depression type had the lowest score(45.88±11.13). The scores of seven pathological constitutions(Qi-deficiency type, Yang-deficiency type, Phlegm-wetness type, Wet-heat type, Blood-stasis type, Qi-depression type and Special diathesis type) were significantly lower than the score of Gentleness type(P<0.01). In neuroticism dimension, Qi-depression type had the highest score (59.31±9.70) and Gentleness type had the lowest score (44.08±8.55). There were significant differences(P<0.01)between the score of Gentleness type and the scores of Qi-deficiency type, Yin-deficiency type, Wet-heat type, Blood-stasis type and Qi-depression type. In psychoticism dimension, there were no significant differences between the score of Gentleness type and the scores of eight pathological constitutions. ② Gentleness type was used as control, multivariate logistic regression analysis of psychological characteristics of personality of the eight pathological constitutions showed that the extraversion-introversion dimension was the meaningful relation factor of Qi-deficiency type, Yang-deficiency type, Phlegm-wetness type, Wet-heat type, Blood-stasis type, Qi-depression type and Special diathesis type. The neuroticism dimension was the meaningful relation factor of Qi-deficiency type, Yin-deficiency type, Phlegm-wetness type, Wet-heat type, Blood-stasis type, Qi-depression type and Special diathesis type. Conclusion People with nine different constitutional types in TCM have shown corresponding psychological characteristics of personality. This study illustrates that nine constitutions in TCM are related to psychological characteristics of personality. Key words: Constitutional types in tradition Chinese medicine; Psychological characteristics of personality; Constitution in Chinese medicine questionnaire(CCMQ )

Hair cortisol and its Association with Symptoms of Depression, Neuroticism and Perceived Stress in Adolescent Twins

Hair cortisol and its Association with Symptoms of Depression, Neuroticism and Perceived Stress in Adolescent Twins

Comparisons of clinical features of female recurrent major depression patients with and without suicidal ideation

Objective To explore the clinical features of female recurrent major depression(MD) patients with and without suicidal ideation. Methods 301 female recurrent major depression patients were interviewed by specially trained interviewers using computer evaluation system and divided into suicidal ideation group and non-suicidal ideation group according to suicidal ideation. The comparisons between the two groups were investigated on items of demographic, clinical data, assessment of psychopathology, Eysenck neuroticism questionnaire, stressful life events. Results 66.4% of MD patients have suicidal ideation. Compared with non-suicidal ideation group, there were more total number of MD symptoms (8.58±0.77, OR=2.476, P=1.154×10-9) and melancholia symptoms (6.74±1.07, OR=1.546, P=0.001) and it was more common in the factors of less appetite (OR=2.201, P=0.011), lose weight (OR=2.030, P=0.004), early morning awakening (OR=1.774, P=0.045), worthless (OR=2.352, P=0.014), impaired decision-making (OR=2.044, P=0.018), hopelessness (OR=7.130, P=6.651×10-9), helpless (OR=2.046, P=0.049) in suicidal ideation group. Also in suicidal ideation group the scores of neuroticism dimension (OR=1.631, P=0.024) were higher, and they were more suffered from stressful life events (OR=1.302, P=0.008). Binary logistic regression analysis indicated that total number of MD symptoms (OR=4.840, P=1.154×10-8), stressful life events (OR=1.392, P=0.014) and hopelessness (OR=3.528, P=0.008) were significantly associated with suicidal ideation. Conclusion Specific clinical features are associated with suicidal ideation among female patients of recurrent depression disorder. Hopelessness, stressful life events are risk factors of suicide ideation in female recurrent major depression patients. Integrated clinical assessment should be taken for recurrent major depression patients with suicidal ideation. Key words: Recurrent major depression; Suicidal ideation; Female; Clinical feature

The research of resilience and personality among the physically disabled people

Objective To explore the relationship between resilience and personality among the physically disabled people. Methods A total of 668 disabled persons were tested by Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale(CD-RISC), Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Short Scale (EPQ-RSC), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale(SES). Results The score of resilience of disabled people(53.42±18.18) was than lower Chinese community people (65.4±13.9, t=-16.83, P<0.05). The scores of the three sub-factors were tenacity(27.19±10.23), strength(18.11±6.42), optimism(8.09±3.00). The disabled persons' resilience was positively correlated with self-esteem(r=0.52, P<0.01), extraversion(r=0.47, P<0.01), and negatively correlated with psychoticism(r=-0.34, P<0.01), neuroticism(r=-0.32, P<0.01). Self-esteem and extraversion could make positive predictions, while psychoticism and neuroticism could make negative predictions to the resilience of disabled persons. Conclusion The disabled Persons' personality is closely related with resilience and has significant predictions to resilience. Key words: Resilience; Self-esteem; Personality; The disabled

Association study on personality and plasma cortisol level in the patients with generalized anxiety disorder

Objective To study the correlation of personality characteristics and plasma cortisol levels in the patients with generalized anxiety disorder. Methods According to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders(DSM-Ⅳ), 38 patients with generalized anxiety disorder and 39 normal controls were assessed with Hamilton anxiety scale(HAMA), generalized anxiety disorder scale(GAD-7), penn state worry questionnaire(PSWQ), symptom checklist-90(SCL-90)and eysenck personality questionnaire(EPQ). Electrochemiluminescence was used to test plasma cortisol concentration. Results The EPQ-N score in the patients was significantly higher than that in normal controls(t=14.307, P<0.01). Furthermore, N score in the patients showed a significantly positive correlation with HAMA total score, SCL-90 total score, somatization score, interpersonal sensitivity score, depression score and anxiety score (r=0.492-0.977, P<0.01). Plasma cortisol levels in patients with generalized anxiety disorder((668.50±60.22)nmol/L) were significantly higher than those ((345.35±58.91)nmol/L) in normal controls (t=23.802, P<0.01). Plasma cortisol concentrations displayed a significantly positive correlation with N score, GAD-7, PSWQ, HAMA total score, SCL-90 total score, somatization score, interpersonal sensitivity score, depression score, and anxiety score(r=0.501-0.995, P<0.01). Conclusion Plasma cortisol levels in the patients with generalized anxiety disorder are higher than those in normal controls. Plasma cortisol levels are related to the mental health.Patients with generalized anxiety disorder tend to be neuroticism. Key words: Generalized anxiety disorder; Personality; Cortisol; Pearson correlation analysis

Psychological inflexiblity as a potential explanation of the neuroticism–insomnia link

Psychological inflexiblity as a potential explanation of the neuroticism–insomnia link

Tradition vs. Transformation: Ambivalent Immigrant Identity in Gene Luen Yang’s American Born Chinese

Jin Wang, the protagonist of Gene Luen Yang’s graphic novel American Born Chinese, hates almost everybody around him simply because no one tries to understand him. Yang’s portrayal of this Asian-American youth nudges his readers to ponder on the challenges facing minority youths in their efforts to survive in an environment where people with difference feel alienated. Jin is pushed to such an extreme by the unaccommodating school atmosphere that he gradually develops self-hatred. As the tension builds up, he acts like a paranoid and becomes ready to “barter his soul” all for getting an acceptance in the white dominated community. Jin’s traumatic experiences and neurotic behaviors raise a number of questions about the life of immigrant children in the United States. How difficult is it to grow up in an alienating environment? Can parents gauge the depth of the trauma their children are going through? Are American schools safe places for children of minority cultural backgrounds? How much do stereotypes about certain cultures and nationals shape people’s attitude towards others? This paper will explore these issues focusing on the experiences of immigrant children in the novel.

The Relationship Between Neuroticism and Alcohol Related Problem: The Mediating Effect of Self-control and Drinking Motives

The Relationship Between Neuroticism and Alcohol Related Problem: The Mediating Effect of Self-control and Drinking Motives

Study on clinical features of female patients with recurrent major depression comorbidity with general anxiety disorder

Objective To explore the clinical features of female diagnosed recurrent major depression(MD) comorbidity with general anxiety disorder (GAD). Methods 301 females patients with recurrent major depression were interviewed by specially trained interviewers with using computer evaluation system and divided into comorbidity group and non-comorbidity group according to whether comorbid MD with GAD or without GAD. The comparison between the two groups included items of demographic, clinical data, assessment of psychopathology, Eysenck neuroticism questionnaire (EPQ), stressful life events, parental bonding instrument. Results 25.2% of patients of MD coexistence GAD. There was no significant difference in sociodemographic data between the two groups. Significant differences among total number of depression symptoms(OR=1.439, 95%CI=1.049-1.975, P=0.024), duration of illness(OR=1.253, 95%CI=1.010-1.475, P=0.048), psychomotor agitation(OR=2.031, 95%CI=1.123-3.676, P=0.019), suicidal thought(OR=2.228, 95%CI=1.010-4.912, P=0.047), anxiety(OR=5.547, 95%CI=1.935-15.896, P=0.001), irritable(OR=1.956, 95%CI=1.081-3.542, P=0.027)were identified between the two group. In the comorbidity group, the score of nenroticism dimention derived from EPQ was also higher(OR=2.287, 95%CI=1.674-3.124, P=2.287×10-7)than that of non-comorbidity group. There was no significant difference of stressful life events between two groups(OR=1.118, 95%CI=0.913-1.368, P=0.280). Conclusion This study suggests the phenomena that female patients of recurrent depression disorder comorbidity with general anxiety disorders is common in clinical. The patients comorbid MD and GAD have more symptoms, neuroticism and be worse in severity. Key words: Recurrent major depression; General anxiety disorder; Comorbidity; Female; Clinical feature

Childhood abuse impact on clinical and personality characters among anxiety associated depressive patients

Objective To explore the childhood abuse impact on clinical and personality characters among anxiety associated depressive patients. Methods A case-control method was taken among 86 anxiety associated depression patients, 36 cases with childhood abuse and controlled with 50 cases without childhood abuse.HAMD, HAMA, CECA-Q, MMPI were used to evaluate the participants, and the scores of the results were compared between the two groups. Results For the HAMD, the group with CA were significantly higher than the group without CA(t=7.079, P<0.05). From the point of factor scores, there was not a significant difference between the two groups among the factors such as anxiety somatization, cognitive impairment, and hopelessness.From the point of view of the total scores of HAMA (t=3.108)and spiritual anxiety(t=4.037), somatic anxiety (t=2.742) the CA group was significantly higher than group without CA(P <0.05). In the patients with CA the psychoticism(P)(t=2.794) and neuroticism(N)(t=3.217) factors were significantly higher than patients without CA(P <0.05). MMPI evaluation results showed accept ance T points in addition to lie(L), calibration(K), male woman(Mf), light mania(Ma), the CA group were significantly higher than the group without CA(P <0.05). T points to compare two groups of MMPI additional factor scale, the adaptation to the society(A), emotional intelligence(EQ), decision-making ability(DE), CA group were lower than the group without CA, violence(VL), traffic accident(DR) and addiction(SA) with CA group was higher than the group without CA(P <0.05). The regression analysis showed that the emotional neglect score and HAMD scores were positively related in the relationship of the childhood abuse and depression.Y=3.729+ 0.887 X(P=0.000). Sexual abuse score and HAMD scores were related, regression analysis showed that the Y=9.799+ 0.655 X(P=0.000). Conclusions The clinical patients with CA have more severe symptoms than the patients without CA. Personality is extraversion more emotionally unstable.Their emotional intelligence and decision-making comprehensive ability is low, and violence tendency is obvious.Emotional neglect and sexual abuse have an important impact in the pathogenesis of the disease. Key words: Depression with anxious; Childhood abuse; Personality character

Mediating effects of positive mental characters on the relationship between personality and depression in recruits

Objective To explore the relationship between personality and depression, especially to investigate mediating effect of positive mental characters. Methods A sample of 1 933 male recruits was assessed with eysenck personality questionnaire (EPQ), positive mental characters scale for recruits (PMCS-R) and self-rating depression scale (SDS). Results The scores of introversion-extroversion, psychoticism, neuroticism, positive mental characters and depression were 55.26±10.59, 42.85±7.25, 42.35±11.67, 3.80±0.64, 0.45±0.11, respectively. There were correlations among personality, positive mental characters and depression in recruits (P<0.05). Regression analysis indicated that introversion-extroversion, psychoticism and neuroticism predicted depression directly, and it could explain 42.6% of the total variance (F=476.28, P<0.05). Hierarchy regression analysis showed that positive mental characters mediate the relationship between personality (introversion-extroversion, psychoticism, neuroticism) and depression (the mediation effect was 0.22, 0.19 and 0.11 respectively, P<0.05). Conclusion Recruits’ personality affects depression not only directly, but also indirectly through positive mental characters. Key words: Recruits; Positive mental character; Personality; Depression; Mediating Effect

Personality as a moderator between personal disposable income and female depression

Objective To investigate the relationship between personal disposable income and female depression , and to examine the moderating roles of personality in this link. Methods The demographic questionnaire, self-rating depression scale (SDS) and eysenck's personality questionnaire short scale ( EPQ - RSC) were used to survey 139 cases of married female patients with depression. Results Personal disposable income could be used to significantly and negatively predict female depression(β=-0.669, P 0.05). Conclusion Personal disposable income has significantly negative prediction effect on female depression, and introversion- extroversion and neuroticism have significant moderating effects on the relationship between personal disposable income and female depression. Key words: Personal disposable income; Depression; Personality; Female

Analysis of the hope level and its related factors in patients with high-risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasm

Objective To study the hope level in patients with high-risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasm and to explore its related factors. Methods 83 cases of patients with high-risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasm were collected and investigated with Herth Hope Scale, Social Support Rating Scale(SSRS) and self-designed questionnaire. The results underwent analysis. Results The hope level of most patients underwent investigation was at the moderate level, among which the positive attitude for future and reality scored (10.80±1.77), adopting positive action scored (10.30±2.36), keeping close relationship with others scored (9.63±2.13), the total scored (30.74±4.82). The hope oevel was positively correlated with rigor personality (r=0.254), but negatively correlated with neuroticism (r=0.237), the difference was statistically significant. Conclusions The hope level of patients with high-risk gestational tropoblastic neoplasm is above the moderate level and is correlated with many factors. Doctors and nurses should evaluate carefully enough and take nursing measures to improve the hope level and life quality. Key words: Gestational trophoblastic neoplasm; Social, support; Personality; Trait; Hope level

Relationship of personality with job burnout and psychological stress risk in clinicians

To analyze the job burnout and mental health status of clinicians and the relationship of personality with job burnout and psychological stress, and to investigate the direct or indirect effects of personality on psychological stress. Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS), Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised Short Scale (EPQ-RSC), and Kessler 10 Scale were administered to 775 clinicians. Of all clinicians, 29.5% had mild burnout, with a score of 22.7 ± 8.18 for psychological stress risk. The effect of personality on emotional exhaustion and cynicism was greater than that on personal accomplishment. Clinicians with a personality of introversion, neuroticism, and psychoticism suffered a higher risk of psychological stress. Personality had both direct and indirect effects on psychological stress. Neuroticism had the strongest effect on psychological stress, with an effect size of 0.55. Clinicians have a high level of both job burnout and mental psychological stress risk. Personality is significantly correlated with job burnout and psychological stress risk. Measures depending on personality should be taken for effective intervention.

Adult attachment and impact of training on recruits: mediating effect of neuroticism and negative coping

Objective To examine the impact of stressful training on recruits and relationships with adult attachment, neuroticism and negative coping style. Methods 1 962 recruits were assessed with adult attachment scale (AAS), impact of event scale-revised (IES-R), Eysenck personality questionnaire (EPQ) and trait coping style questionnaire (TCSQ). Results (1) 67.84% of recruits reported the varying degrees of stress, and the total average of IES-R was 1.25±0.53. The impact of training of only-child recruits (1.28±0.56) was higher than that of none-only-child (1.22±0.51) (P<0.05). The total average of attachment close was 3.73±0.51, attachment depend was 3.24±0.53, and attachment anxiety was 2.40±0.77. (2) Attachment anxiety, neuroticism and negative coping style were all positively correlated with impact of training (r=0.384, 0.570, 0.543, all P<0.01). Attachment close and depend were both negatively correlated with impact of training (r=-0.221, -0.251, all P<0.01). (3) Neuroticism and negative coping style played a completely intermediary role between adult attachment and impact of training. (4) The multiple group analysis showed that the mediation model was adapted to the only-child or none-only-child recruits. Conclusion Adult attachment can predict impact of training to some extent in the intermediary roles of neuroticism and negative coping style. Key words: Adult attachment; Stress; Neuroticism; Negative coping style; Multiple mediation effect; Recruits

The analysis of personality traits and self-concept of school phobia patients with different academic achievements

Objective To exam the personality traits and self-concept of school phobia patients with different academic achievements. Methods 38 school phobia patients with high academic achievement and 19 school phobia patients with low academic achievement were assessed with Eysenck’s personality questionnaire and Piers-Harris Children’s Self-concept Scale. Results High academic achievement group of psychoticism and neuroticism higher than that of low academic achievement group.High academic achievement group of Self-concept ’s total scores, behavior, intelligence and the school situation higher than that of low academic achievement group.High academic achievement group of anxiety scale score lower than that of low academic achievement group.The personality traits of school phobia correlated with the self-concept on some level. Conclusion Different academic achievements of school phobia patients have different personality traits and have different self-concept, so they need to individualized treatment options. Key words: School Phobia; Academic Achievement; Personality; Self-concept

Study on psychological resilience and its influencing factors of nursing students in medical university

Objective To examine the psychological resilience and its influencing factors of the nursing students in medical university.Methods A total of 693 nursing students were investigated by using general questionnaire,Chinese version of CD-RISC,Professional Identity Questionnaires of Nursing Students,TCSQ,EPQ and SSRS.Results The average score of CD-RISC was (66.79±11.93),different grade students had significant differences in psychological resilience,resilience scores of nursing students were different in aspect of professional knowledge,occupation expectation and interpersonal satisfaction.Resilience was positively correlated with positive coping,professional identity,social support,extraversion,and negatively correlated with negative coping,neuroticism and psychoticism; Positive coping,professional identity,extraversion and neuroticism could predict 48.6％ of total variation in psychological resilience.Conclusions The resilience average score of nursing students was low.Nursing educators can implement mental intervention according to psychological characteristics of nursing students in different periods by cultivating professional emotion,guiding coping style and shaping healthy personality to promote the resilience and mental health of nursing students. Key words: Psychological resilience; Nursing students; Influencing factors; Psychological tests

Depressive symptoms related factors among male industrial workers

Objective To analyze correlations between personality traits, life events and depressive symptoms based on structural equation model and to identify risky factors of depressive symptoms. Methods Using stratified random cluster sampling method, industrial workers recruited from Shougang Qianan corporation received questionnaire survey consisted of LES, NEO-FFI and CES-D.Maximum likelihood method was applied to calculate parameters of structural equation model, then the final model was confirmed based on modification indices. Results Depressive symptom(CES-D≥16) prevalence was 41.05% among industrial workers in current study.Neuroticism, extraversion, agreeableness and negative life events were significantly predictive to depressive symptoms(r=0.356, -0.304, -0.135, 0.227). Positive and negative life events, neuroticism and extraversion, extraversion and conscientiousness, neuroticism and agreeableness presented high correlation, with coefficients 0.614, -0.469, 0.432 and 0.402 respectively. The regression weight of affective symptoms, somatic symptoms and interpersonal relationship in measurement model were 0.779, 0.678, 0.464. Conclusion The onset of depressive symptoms among industrial workers is remarkably related to neuroticism, extraversion, agreeableness and negative life events. Certain measures are supposed to be conducted for mental nursing and intervention in order to strengthen depression prevention. Key words: Industrial workers; Depressive symptoms; Personality traits; Life events; Structural equation model

The related correlation of mental characteristics, coping style, social support and mental health between schizophrenia primary affection and convalescent schizophrenia

Objective By exploring difference of mental characteristics, coping style, social support and health between schizophrenia primary affection and convalescent schizzy, it's expected that the related rationale will be developed for further formulating treatment for schizophrenia primary affection and convalescent schizophrenia. Methods By taking advantage of symptom checklist, questionnaire of NEO-FFI, Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire, social support scale, we compared 150 schizophrenia primary affection who were under the clinic of new antipsychotics and in convalescent period (schizzy group)with 169 normal persons (normal group)on the mental characteristics, coping style, social support and mental health of individual and correlation. Results The following factors of scl-90 showed statistical significance between patient group and normal group: somatization (1.83±0.14)vs.(1.27±0.48), interpersonal sensitivity(1.96±0.21)vs.(1.65±0.51), depression(1.89±0.24)vs.(1.50±0.59), anxiety(1.69±0.15)vs.(1.39±0.43), photic anxiety (1.56±0.13)vs.(1.23±0.41), psychoticism factors (1.56±0.14)vs.(1.23±0.41)(all P<0.01). The personality traits differences between patient group and normal group were as follows: neuroticism(3.13±0.15)vs.( 2.61±0.36), extraversion (2.96±0.31)vs.(3.19±0.23), agreeableness (3.20± 0.25)vs.(3.48±0.35) and conscientiousness (3.19±0.65)vs.(3.42± 0.16), and all these factors showed statistical significance with P<0.01. The differences of subjective support factors between patients group and normal groups were as follows: subjective support (23.51±3.62)vs.(26.29±3.91), objective support(7.35±2.07)vs.(8.91±2.89), support use (7.61±1.23)vs.( 8.97±1.35) and total score of supports (37.63±6.52)vs.(43.51±6.32) and the scores of patients group were poorer than those of normal group(P<0.01). These two groups also showed statistical significance in coping styles: positive coping style(27.03±6.05)vs.(33.75±4.53) and negative coping style(32.63±5.31)vs.(43.51±6.32), patient group got lower scores than normal group(P<0.01). Depression factor and obsessive compulsive symptom factor, objective support and hostility factor, passive coping and hostility, neuroticism factor in patients group are positive correlation, and photic anxiety factor and obsessive compulsive symptom, depression factor, conscientiousness factor and psychoticism factor, passive coping, neuroticism factor and somatization factor were negative correlation. Conclusion A effective recovery plan of treatment of schizophrenia primary affection and convalescent schizzy must integrate medical perspective, active interest in his personality characteristics, mental health, coping style, social support. Key words: Schizophrenia Convalescent; Personality characteristics; Coping style; Social support; Mental health