The methods used to create treatments for neurodegenerative diseases issues are very complicated and difficult due to the the blood–brain barrier and the tightly spaced blood artery and endothelial cell network that function to prevent access to undesirable materials within the mind. The rise and development of nanotechnology point to promising opportunities to cater this issue. Engineered nanoparticles having pharmacological moieties and imaging agents attached, ranging in size from one to a hundred nanometers will undoubtedly use to make sure superior efficacy, cell uptake, unique transport, and shipping of unique molecules to the mind due to their altered physicochemical properties. Because of their herbal richness, nanoparticles and therapeutic plants conjugates, or their additions, are currently gaining importance in the creation of revolutionary neuro-therapeutics, which is promising and has a lower capacity to display adverse consequences. The purpose of the current study was to sumarize the novel features and promising applications of nanotechnology and phytomedicine in the treatment of neurological illnesses in comparison to regular therapy. Alzheimer's and Parkinson's illnesses are important neurodegenerative disorders that generate significant neurodegenerative damage and impede neuronal function. Selenium, gold, copper oxides, copper and other nanoparticles are utilized in diagnosis and drug delivery systems for neurodegenerative diseases. Nanoparticles are crucial in their applications to neurodegenerative illnesses. This study comprehends the green production of nanoparticles employing environmentally friendly techniques, their characterization using different analytical techniques, along with their application to disease diagnosis and therapy.