Secure Communications In Networks Research Articles

Research on the Application of Data Encryption Technology in Computer Network Communication Security

With the rapid development of information technology, computer network communication has been widely used in various fields. However, the security issues of network communication have become increasingly prominent, and data is vulnerable to various attacks during transmission. Data encryption technology is a key technology for protecting information security. By converting plaintext information into non-mandatory ciphertext, the confidentiality and non-threatening nature of data are protected. This paper first introduces the basic principles and classification of data encryption technology, including real-time encryption, real-time encryption and hybrid encryption. It mainly analyzes the specific applications of data encryption technology in virtual private networks (VPNs), secure gateway security layers (SSL)/transport layer security (TLS), wireless network security, email encryption and cloud storage encryption. Finally, the development trends of emerging technologies such as quantum encryption, homomorphic encryption and blockchain encryption are discussed. By reasonably applying these encryption technologies, the security of computer network communication can be effectively improved.

Text and Image Encryption using ECC

This project combines Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) with Random Matrix Cryptography (RMC) for image encryption and ECC with the Lorenz algorithm to provide a comprehensive solution to data security. Chaotic equation for text encryption. While ECC-Lorenz uses chaotic dynamics for text encryption, ECC-RMC uses matrix operations to strengthen image encryption. The efficacy of both strategies in safeguarding the confidentiality and integrity of transmitted data is demonstrated through experimental validation, which therefore improves network communication security. A multi-layered encryption architecture is established by the integration of ECC-RMC and ECC-Lorenz, providing a strong defense against cyber attacks and unlawful access. This new encryption paradigm promises improved resilience in digital information transfer, marking a significant leap in data security measures. The suggested method gives a flexible way to combine computational complexity and mathematical rigor

Error correction based artificial neural network in multi-modes CV-QKD with simultaneous type-I and type-II parametric-down conversion entangled photon source

We model simultaneous type-I and type-II phase matching in a single non-linear crystal (NLC), based on a double periodically poled lithium niobate crystal. We also discuss entanglement based continuous variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD), and the security of such scheme is analyzed considering an eavesdropper being capable of individual attacks. We further demonstrate efficiency of the artificial neural network (ANN) algorithm during post-processing or errors correction in such CV-QKD protocols. Results show that employing simultaneous type-I and type-II SPDC process in single NLC is a potential source to generate high dimensional (or hyper-entangled) states, strongly required for quantum information processing tasks, an example of CV-QKD. Security analysis of such a CV-QKD protocol shows a strong advantage of employing the above entangled photon state source, given that it provides a higher secure key rate and thus a secure communication within a larger distance. In addition, the suggested error correction algorithm is less time consuming and highly efficient, since full synchronization is achieved just after a few number of updates of trusted parties’ tree-parity-machines. Our results sufficiently demonstrate that the suggested CV-QKD is able to distribute secure keys in nearby inter-city areas, and therefore allows lower-cost secure communication networks.

An efficient online/offline heterogeneous proxy signcryption for secure communication in UAV networks

The rapid growth of the Internet of Things (IoT) has led to an increased deployment of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) across various sectors. However, efficiency and security issues are persistently among the primary challenges in UAV networks. In addition, significant communication delays can occur when UAVs perform remote tasks far from a command center (CC); in some cases, they may be unable to communicate with the CC. To address these challenges, in this paper, an efficient online/offline heterogeneous proxy signcryption scheme for secure communication in UAV networks (HOOPSC) is proposed. This scheme enables the CC in a certificateless cryptosystem (CLC) environment to delegate a nearby ground control station (GCS) to act as an agent, and directly send commands to the UAV within an identity-based cryptosystem (IBC) when the UAV undertakes remote tasks far from the CC. The UAV then decrypts and verifies commands for authenticity and confidentiality. In the proposed scheme, the signcryption process is split into offline and online phases, with most of the heavy computations conducted without the availability of the messages during the offline phase. Only light computations are performed in the online phase when a message is available. Moreover, a formal security proof is given in a random oracle model. Finally, a performance analysis reveals that HOOPSC outperforms existing relevant schemes, making it ideal for long-range operations in UAV networks.

Enhancing Efficiency and Security in MTC Environments: A Novel Strategy for Dynamic Grouping and Streamlined Management

This study presents a new strategy to improve security and efficiency in Machine-Type Communication (MTC) networks, addressing the drawbacks of the existing Adaptive Hierarchical Group-based Mutual Authentication and Key Agreement (AHGMAKA) protocol. The AHGMAKA protocol, crucial for securing communication within groups of devices with limited resources, has been found to cause significant operational delays and inefficiencies. Our proposed solution integrates advanced cryptographic methods, including an optimized Authenticated Message Authentication Code (AMAC) and lightweight encryption, sophisticated optimization algorithms for dynamic grouping, and an efficient, lightweight group management protocol. It also introduces adaptive network management strategies to customize performance according to the needs of MTC networks. The effectiveness of this approach has been validated through empirical analysis, showing considerable improvements in operational performance and energy efficiency. These improvements mark a significant step toward achieving an optimal balance between efficiency and security for MTC networks. However, the research acknowledges ongoing challenges, including the trade-off between security and efficiency and the issue of compatibility with older devices, suggesting these as areas for future study. The paper outlines potential research paths, including using machine learning for better group management, adopting post-quantum cryptographic methods, applying hardware acceleration, and pushing to standardize these technologies. This work significantly advances the field of secure and efficient communication in MTC, a critical component of the growing Internet of Things (IoT) landscape, setting the stage for future breakthroughs.

VIRTUAL PRIVATE NETWORKS (VPN): A CONCEPTUAL REVIEW OF SECURITY PROTOCOLS AND THEIR APPLICATION IN MODERN NETWORKS

Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) play a crucial role in ensuring secure communication over public networks. This concept paper provides a comprehensive review of security protocols used in VPNs and their application in modern networks. The paper begins by defining VPNs and explaining their importance in securing data transmission over untrusted networks. It then discusses the evolution of VPN technology, highlighting the transition from traditional IPSec and SSL/TLS protocols to more modern approaches such as WireGuard and QUIC. The paper also examines the security protocols used in VPNs, including IPSec, SSL/TLS, and the newer protocols like WireGuard and QUIC. Each protocol is analyzed in terms of its security features, performance, and suitability for different use cases. Furthermore, the paper explores the application of VPNs in modern networks, including their use in remote access, site-to-site connectivity, and securing cloud-based services. It also discusses the challenges and considerations involved in deploying and managing VPNs in today's complex network environments. In conclusion, the paper emphasizes the importance of VPNs in ensuring secure communication in modern networks. It highlights the need for organizations to carefully evaluate their VPN requirements and choose the appropriate security protocols and technologies to protect their data and networks. Keywords: VPN, Security, Applications, Network.

IoT-Driven solutions for VANET trustworthiness: Examining misconduct and position security challenges

Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) improve the traffic management and road safety by exchanging real-time data between automobiles and roadside infrastructure. Reliable Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) solutions tend to boost VANET data security, integrity and dependability. These systems communicate VANET data between infrastructure and automobiles using sensors, Internet of Things (IoT) devices and communication technologies. IoT-driven includes a Real-Time Traffic Observation optimizes VANET route design. Traffic management and safety improve with ITS-connected cars and infrastructure. Remote communication technologies enhance traffic management and decision-making by sending a real-time data between cars and infrastructure. Smart parking systems use real-time parking availability data from IoT sensors and devices to maximize space use and reduce congestion. Security and misbehavior are dependable problems in 40 IoT-driven VANET studies. Miscommunication and unstandardized are the main security issues which pose hazards. This review shows VANETs that requires authentication, encryption and anomaly detection to prevent attacks and IoT for transportation sector. This extensive review covers VANET reliability and IoT-driven real-time traffic monitoring, ITS, remote communication and intelligent parking systems. This review analyzes the metrics to assess the many detection techniques which includes, misconduct-Aware On-Demand Collaborative Intrusion Detection System (MACIDS) and Collision-Induced Dissociation Spectroscopy (CIDS), (i) Accuracy (ii) False Positive Rate, (iii) precision, (iv) recall (v) False Negative Rate and (vi) F1-Score in VANET security in Attack Detection Rates (ADR), misbehavior detection, evaluation metrics and detection algorithms were studied using CIC-IDS data. Due to misconduct and security issues, a strong IoT-driven solutions are required to improve VANET trustworthiness and offers a secure and reliable vehicular communication networks for safer and more efficient transportation systems.

Research on Information Security of Communication Network between Electric Vehicle and Charge Point

In view of the information security issues in the communication network between electric vehicles and charging piles, this study analyzes the information security risks existing in the communication network between electric vehicles and charging piles, expounds the charging process between electric vehicles and charging piles, and assesses the risks existing in the charging piles.

Exploration on human resource management and prediction model of data-driven information security in Internet of Things

The advent of the Internet of Things (IoT) has accelerated the pace of economic development across all sectors. However, it has also brought significant challenges to traditional human resource management, revealing an increasing number of problems and making it unable to meet the needs of contemporary enterprise management. The IoT has brought numerous conveniences to human society, but it has also led to security issues in communication networks. To ensure the security of these networks, it is necessary to integrate data-driven technologies to address this issue. In response to the current state of human resource management, this paper proposes the application of IoT technology in enterprise human resource management and combines it with radial basis function neural networks to construct a model for predicting enterprise human resource needs. The model was also experimentally analyzed. The results show that under this algorithm, the average prediction accuracy for the number of employees over five years is 90.2 %, and the average prediction accuracy for sales revenue is 93.9 %. These data indicate that the prediction accuracy of the model under this study's algorithm has significantly improved. This paper also conducted evaluation experiments on a wireless communication network security risk prediction model. The average prediction accuracy of four tests is 91.21 %, indicating that the model has high prediction accuracy. By introducing data-driven technology and IoT applications, this study provides new solutions for human resource management and communication network security, promoting technological innovation in the fields of traditional human resource management and information security management. The research not only improves the accuracy of the prediction models but also provides strong support for decision-making and risk management in related fields, demonstrating the great potential of big data and artificial intelligence technology in the future of enterprise management and security.

On the Physical Layer Security of Underwater Optical Wireless Communication Networks

On the Physical Layer Security of Underwater Optical Wireless Communication Networks

Role of Cybersecurity Legal Frameworks in Shaping the Risk Preparedness of the Telecommunication Sector in Safaricom Head Office, Nairobi, Kenya

The role of cybersecurity legal frameworks for assessing risk preparedness in the telecommunications industry is crucial to protecting sensitive information and guaranteeing the resilience of digital infrastructure. To investigate how legal frameworks affect the risk preparation tactics used by the massive telecom company, this research employs the Safaricom Head Office in Nairobi, Kenya, as a case study. The study adopts a descriptive methodology to thoroughly explore and describe the current cybersecurity legal landscape, including its conceptualization and subsequent impact on risk management within the company. This study is significant because of the rising reliance on digital technologies and the frequency and sophistication of cyber threats. Because the telecommunications sector is an essential backbone for many sectors, knowing the legal frameworks governing cybersecurity is critical to guaranteeing the reliability and security of communication networks. This includes determining how well Safaricom's cybersecurity policies correspond with regulatory requirements, identifying any gaps, and investigating compliance concerns. The study aims to gain a thorough understanding of the relationship between legal frameworks and risk management strategies, ultimately contributing to the improvement of cybersecurity practices in the telecommunications industry.

Integrating Unmanned Aerial Vehicles in Airspace: A Systematic Review

In this article, a comprehensive review of the integration of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) into shared airspace is presented. By applying a systematic review methodology, the study clarifies the main challenges, problems, and possible fixes related to safety, coordination, and regulatory frameworks. The results demonstrate the critical role that several elements play in supporting the safety of UAV integration. These elements include multi-layered airspace models, careful path planning, secure communication networks, Conflict Detection and Resolution (CDR) strategies, and strong regulations. The paper explores the potential of Human-in-the-loop Reinforcement Learning (HRL) and Reinforcement Learning (RL) algorithms to train UAVs for maneuvering through complex terrain and adapting to changing circumstances. The study's conclusions highlight the importance of ongoing research projects, stakeholder cooperation and continuous support for technology developments-all of which are necessary to ensure the safe and orderly integration of UAVs into airspace.

Using path coloring of graphs for communication in social networks

An L (p1, p2, p3, … , pm)- labeling of a graph G, has the vertices of G assigned with non-negative integers, such that the vertices at distance j should have at least pj as their label difference. If m = 3 and p1 = 3, p2 = 2, p3 = 1, it is called an L (3, 2, 1)-labeling which is widely studied in the literature. In this paper, we define an L (3, 2, 1)-path coloring of G as a labeling g : V (G) → Z+ such that between every pair of vertices there exists at least one path P where in the labeling restricted to this path is an L (3, 2, 1)-labeling. Among the labels assigned to any vertex of G under g, the maximum label is called the span of g. The L (3, 2, 1)-connection number of a graph G, denoted by k3c (G) is defined as the minimum value of span of g taken over all such labelings g. We call graphs with the special property that k3c (G) = |V (G) | as L (3, 2, 1)-path graceful. In this paper, we obtain k3c (G) of graphs that possess a Hamiltonian path and carry forward the discussion to certain classes of graphs which do not possess a Hamiltonian path, which is novel to this paper. Although different kinds of labeling are studied in the literature with different mathematical constraints imposed, the idea of showing the existence of a graph with a given number as its minimum labeling number has rarely been addressed. We show that given any positive integer, there always exists an L (3, 2, 1)-path graceful graph with the given integer as its k3c (G), thus addressing the inverse question. Finally exploiting the fact that there is no gap on the k3c (G) number line, we give an application of path colorings for secure communication on social networking sites. Efforts to deploy graph coloring in task scheduling, interference-free transmission, etc have been dealt by earlier researchers. In this paper, we deploy the L (3, 2, 1)-path coloring technique defined by us for secure communication in social networks, which has not been dealt with so far.

CNN-GRU-FF: a double-layer feature fusion-based network intrusion detection system using convolutional neural network and gated recurrent units

Identifying and preventing malicious network behavior is a challenge for establishing a secure network communication environment or system. Malicious activities in a network system can seriously threaten users’ privacy and potentially jeopardize the entire network infrastructure and functions. Furthermore, cyber-attacks have grown in complexity and number due to the ever-evolving digital landscape of computer and network devices in recent years. Analyzing network traffic using network intrusion detection systems (NIDSs) has become an integral security measure in modern networks to identify malicious and suspicious activities. However, most intrusion detection datasets contain imbalance classes, making it difficult for most existing classifiers to achieve good performance. In this paper, we propose a double-layer feature extraction and feature fusion technique (CNN-GRU-FF), which uses a modified focal loss function instead of the traditional cross-entropy to handle the class imbalance problem in the IDS datasets. We use the NSL-KDD and UNSW-NB15 datasets to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed model. From the research findings, it is evident our CNN-GRU-FF method obtains a detection rate of 98.22% and 99.68% using the UNSW-NB15 and NSL-KDD datasets, respectively while maintaining low false alarm rates on both datasets. We compared the proposed model’s performance with seven baseline algorithms and other published methods in literature. It is evident from the performance results that our proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-art network intrusion detection methods.

Controlling the photon number coherence of solid-state quantum light sources for quantum cryptography

Quantum communication networks rely on quantum cryptographic protocols including quantum key distribution (QKD) based on single photons. A critical element regarding the security of QKD protocols is the photon number coherence (PNC), i.e., the phase relation between the vacuum and one-photon Fock state. To obtain single photons with the desired properties for QKD protocols, optimal excitation schemes for quantum emitters need to be selected. As emitters, we consider semiconductor quantum dots, that are known to generate on-demand single photons with high purity and indistinguishability. Exploiting two-photon excitation of a quantum dot combined with a stimulation pulse, we demonstrate the generation of high-quality single photons with a controllable degree of PNC. The main tuning knob is the pulse area giving full control from minimal to maximal PNC, while without the stimulating pulse the PNC is negligible in our setup for all pulse areas. Our approach provides a viable route toward secure communication in quantum networks.

IEEE 802.1 Zaman Hassas Araç-İçi Haberleşme Ağları için Siber Güvenlik: Güncel Gelişmeler ve Hizmet Reddi Saldırılarının Etki Analizi

Dedicated computers control the operation of Cyber Physical Systems such as in-vehicle architectures with the help of sensors and actuators. Securing the real-time communication technologies for in-vehicle platforms attracts the attention of the research community. IEEE 802.1 Time Sensitive Networking (TSN) task group targets the standardization of Ethernet-based deterministic communication technologies due to its high bandwidth and low cost. IEEE P802.1DG working group specifies the profile for secure and real-time automotive embedded systems relying on TSN, which is envisioned to be widely used in future in-vehicle platforms. In this paper, we present an elaborate review of the research work on the security of in-vehicle communication networks with TSN support, and define various Denial of Service (DoS) attack scenarios targeting the real-time traffic in in-vehicle networks. We evaluate the impact of our attack scenarios on the performance of two different realistic in-vehicle communication networks with varying sizes. Experimental results show that DoS attacks can lead to severe consequences disrupting the healthy operation of safety-critical functions in a TSN-compliant in-vehicle network.

A lattice-based efficient heterogeneous signcryption scheme for secure network communications

Ensuring the security of transmitted content is an important task in network communication. Signcryption technology combines signature and encryption operations in a single step to achieve message authentication and confidentiality. In practical applications, users are usually in different cryptographic systems, the ordinary signcryption technology cannot realize communication between two different cryptographic systems. And the ciphertext structure of the existing signcryption schemes is relatively complex, signcryption is not efficient. Therefore, in order to solve the problem of efficient communication between different cryptosystems and ensure quantum security, this paper proposes a lattice-based efficient heterogeneous signcryption scheme for secure network communications. This signcryption scheme accomplishes signcryption through matrix operations and hash functions, which avoids complex signcryption structures, efficiently realizes bidirectional message communication between identity-based cryptosystems and certificateless cryptosystems.

Jointly Active/Passive Beamforming Optimization for Intelligent-Reflecting Surface-Assisted Cognitive-IoT Networks

To overcome challenges such as limited energy availability for terminal devices, constrained network coverage, and suboptimal spectrum resource utilization, with the overarching objective of establishing a sustainable and efficient interconnection infrastructure, we introduce an innovative Intelligent Reflective Surface (IRS) technology. This cutting-edge IRS technology is employed to architect a wireless and energy-efficient cognitive secure communication network assisted by IRS. To further optimize the overall energy harvesting of this network, we present a cognitive secure resource allocation scheme, aiming to maximize the system’s total collected energy. This scheme carefully considers various constraints, including transmission power constraints for cognitive base stations, power constraints for jammer devices, interference limitations for all primary users, minimum security rate constraints for all cognitive Internet of Things (IoT) devices, and phase shift constraints for IRS. We establish a comprehensive hybrid cognitive secure resource allocation model, encompassing joint cognitive transmission beam design, jammer device transmission beam design, and phase shift design. Given the non-convex nature of the formulated problem and the intricate coupling relationships among variables, we devise an effective block coordinate descent (BCD) iterative algorithm. The realization of joint cognitive/jammer base station transmission beam design and phase shift design employs sophisticated techniques such as continuous convex approximation methods and semi-definite programming. Simulation results underscore the superior performance of the proposed scheme compared to existing resource allocation approaches, particularly in terms of total harvested energy and other critical metrics.

Implementing end-to-end encryption strategist for strengthening data security across network communication

In order to improve data security in network communication, this project suggests using End-to-End Encryption (E2EE). E2EE protects against unwanted access by guaranteeing that private information is kept secret for the duration of its travel. In order to mitigate potential vulnerabilities at intermediate points, cryptographic procedures are implemented to safeguard data from the point of origin to its final destination. The method makes use of strong encryption algorithms and key management procedures in order to strengthen the confidentiality and integrity of data that is transferred. This method tackles the growing worries about data breaches, privacy violations, and cyberthreats. By emphasizing E2EE, communication networks’ security posture is strengthened and user and stakeholder trust is increased. By implementing this proactive security solution, organizations may protect sensitive data, comply with changing regulatory requirements, and provide a strong basis for safe data sharing in the digital sphere.

Securing Large-Scale D2D Networks Using Covert Communication and Friendly Jamming

We exploit both covert communication and friendly jamming to propose a friendly jamming-assisted covert communication and use it to doubly secure a large-scale device-to-device (D2D) network against eavesdroppers (i.e., wardens). The D2D transmitters defend against the wardens by: 1) hiding their transmissions with enhanced covert communication, and 2) leveraging friendly jamming to ensure information secrecy even if the D2D transmissions are detected. We model the combat between the wardens and the D2D network (the transmitters and the friendly jammers) as a two-stage Stackelberg game. Therein, the wardens are the followers at the lower stage aiming to minimize their detection errors, and the D2D network is the leader at the upper stage aiming to maximize its utility (in terms of link reliability and communication security) subject to the constraint on communication covertness. We apply stochastic geometry to model the network spatial configuration so as to conduct a system-level study. We develop a bi-level optimization algorithm to search for the equilibrium of the proposed Stackelberg game based on the successive convex approximation (SCA) method and Rosenbrock method. Numerical results reveal interesting insights. We observe that without the assistance from the jammers, it is difficult to achieve covert communication on D2D transmission. Moreover, we illustrate the advantages of the proposed friendly jamming-assisted covert communication by comparing it with the information-theoretical secrecy approach in terms of the secure communication probability and network utility.