Net Farm Income Research Articles

Do economic shocks matter to U.S. farm income?

ABSTRACT Analysing the effect of economic shocks on farm profitability is crucial for determining the U.S. farm economy’s vulnerability to macroeconomic changes. Using a structural vector autoregressive model and over five decades of data, we examine the impact and importance of external economic shocks to the U.S. farm economy. Specifically, we measure the short-term and long-term volatility spillover effects on U.S. farm income from shocks in energy markets, exchange rates, and agricultural markets. We find that volatility in exchange rates significantly affects US net farm income fluctuations in the short term. Results also suggest that shocks in the exchange rate are more important than other economic shocks, explaining about 47% of the short-run fluctuation in U.S. net farm income. These results highlight the importance of accounting for macroeconomic shocks to enhance the stability of the U.S. agricultural sector and to improve the accuracy of USDA short-term forecasts and long-term projections of farm income components.

Climate Change and Rural Women's Participation in Rice Processing: Challenges and Prospects in Wushishi, Niger State, Nigeria

Climate change poses significant threats to rural women's livelihoods in Niger State's Wushishi Local Government Area, where rice processing is a vital economic activity. This study examined the percentage of rural females involved in rice processing in the area, with a focus on their socioeconomic characteristics, participation levels, and challenges faced. A multistage random sampling technique was used to select 125 processors from five processing towns in the Wushishi local government area. The data was analyzed using Net Farm Income and descriptive statistics. The results indicate that 67.2% of the processors were between the ages of 30 and 50. However, climate change affects their participation in rice production, as they face increased labor burdens, reduced access to resources, and limited decision-making power. The study found that 78.4%, 64.0%, and 56.0% of participants declined to take part in the rice harvesting, threshing, and winnowing processes, respectively. In contrast, 66.4%, 96.0%, 93.6%, and 87.2% of the processors engaged in grinding, drying, parboiling, and storage. Each respondent's net farm income was ₦24,697.37, indicating the profit from rice processing in the Wushishi area. The primary obstacles faced by the participants included insufficient credit facilities, insufficient money, substandard storage facilities, unreliable transit routes, unstable electrical supplies, and lack of technical processing expertise, all of which are exacerbated by climate change. Policy considerations should prioritize making incentives available for upgrading processing technologies that will increase the rice processing process and provide better products with high market value and gain, thereby enhancing the resilience of rural women in the face of climate change. Additionally, respondents should establish cooperatives to strengthen their position in rice processing and advocate for improved access to credits, farm inputs, and climate-resilient agricultural practices.

DETERMINANTS OF WELFARE STATUS AND NET FARM INCOME AMONG SMALLHOLDER SORGHUM FARMERS IN NORTH WEST, NIGERIA

This study focused on the determinants of welfare status and net farm income among smallholder sorghum farmers in North West, Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling method was employed to select 140 smallholder sorghum farmers. Primary data were used. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results show that the mean age of smallholder sorghum farmers was 47 years. The smallholder sorghum farmers were literate with approximate of 11 years of school education. Approximate 75% of smallholder sorghum farmers were members of cooperative organizations. Averagely, the farm size was estimated at 1.5 hectares, this means they are small-scale farmers. The gross margin and net farm income were calculated at 557175.35 and 518022.45 Naira per hectare, respectively. This shows that sorghum production is profitable. The total income and expenditure were estimated at 12192714.72 and 476439.76 Naira, respectively. The sorghum farmer household income exchange was calculated at 2.56. Approximate 97 which amounted to 69.29% of smallholder farmers had increased in welfare status from sorghum farming. The age of farmers, level of education, household size, farm experience, farm size, and amount of credit accessed were significantly different from zero in influencing the welfare status of smallholder sorghum farmers. The farm size and labour were significantly different from zero in influencing the net farm income of smallholder sorghum farmers. The study recommends mechanized farming utilizing improved seeds and new farm technologies to increase productivity, income and welfare status.

Socio-economic evaluation and technical efficiency of soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill) production in North-West Nigeria: A parametric approach

This aim of study examined socioeconomic evaluation and technical efficiency (TE) of soybean (Glycine max) production with a parametric approach in North West, Nigeria. The multistage sampling method was used to select 160 soybean farmers. Primary data were used. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the stochastic production efficiency frontier model (SPEFM). The result shows that the mean age of a soybean farmer was 46 years. Soybean production was profitable with an estimated Gross Margin and Net Farm Income of 899,237.80 and 824, 468.22 Naira respectively. The Gross Margin Ratio and Rate of Return on Investment was calculated at 0.583 and 1.15 respectively. The significant socio-economic factors that increase the TE of soybean production include household size, age, years of experience, level of education, members of cooperatives, and number of extension contacts. The mean TE scores of soybean farmers was 53.77%, leaving a gap of 46.23% for improvement. This study recommends that credit with single-digit interest rates should be made available to soybean farmers.

What rural ecological governance goals do local residents prefer? Evidence from Hainan, China

Rural ecosystems restoration requires the joint participation of rural residents and government in governance. This study aims to analyze whether rural ecological governance goals are consistent with rural residents' preferences and how they affect rural residents' utility levels, which are key to rural residents' ecological governance participation behavior. Using survey data from 653 rural residents in Hainan Island, China, this paper applies a choice experiment method and a random parameter logit model to identify differences in rural residents' preferences for different rural ecological governance policy goals and their governance participation behaviors. The results show that increasing the coverage rate of sewage treatment facilities, reducing fertilizer and pesticide application, and increasing rural biodiversity can significantly enhance rural residents' ecological governance participation utility, thereby promoting their choice of ecological governance options. Rural residents' participation behavior in rural ecological governance is also influenced by individual and household characteristics such as ethnicity, labor size, net farm income, ICT usage, and ecological knowledge level. Based on these findings, policymakers should strengthen communication of governance policies and objectives, respect rural residents' policy goal preferences, prioritize the implementation of rural ecological governance models that increase the coverage of wastewater treatment facilities, reduce fertilizer and pesticide application, and increase rural biodiversity, and rely on ICT devices to popularize ecological knowledge among rural residents.

Impact on farm Income by Jalasamrudhi Project, Thiruvananthapuram, India

The study analysed the impact of the Jalasamrudhi watershed development programme on farm income. The data regarding the crops and income were collected from the Kattakada legislative constituency of the Jalasamrudhi Project, Thiruvananthapuram. A systematic sampling technique was adopted for the data collection and information was collected from 80 beneficiaries and 80 non-beneficiaries of the project, thus bringing the total sample size to 160. In addition to the watershed development programme implemented by Jalasamrudhi project, the beneficiaries of the project received one cattle per person and five poultry birds per person, enhancing their livelihoods and agricultural capabilities in the Kattakada constituency of the Jalasamrudhi Project in Thiruvananthapuram. Thus, the beneficiaries benefited from increase in an adoption of the water conservation measures and net farm income.

PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS OF CATFISH PRODUCTION IN KANO METROPOLIS, KANO STATE, NIGERIA

Fish is an important dietary element and a major source of animal protein in human diet for many Nigerians. The demand for fish has been on the increase because of geometrical increase in human population, this has resulted to a significant gap created between fish demand and supply. It is obvious given the importance of fish production that efforts must be made to encourage entrepreneurs to go into the business. However, many have shown doubts on the productivity and profitability of fish production, particularly on a smallholder level. This study therefore, examines the profitability of catfish production in Kano metropolis, Nigeria. Two stage sampling procedure was employed to select respondents for the study. Primary data were collected with the use of well-structured questionnaire administered to 120 catfish producers. The tools of analysis employed were descriptive statistics, gross margin and net farm income. The study revealed that Majority of the producers (69%) are male. Furthermore, 85percent of the fish producers have attained post primary education. The gross margin (GM) was ₦657,420, while the enterprise profit which is the net farm income was estimated at ₦598,128 and 0.33 return to capital for the farmers. Some of the challenges confronting the respondents in their business includes high cost of feed, lack of government support and lack of training. Thus, there is a need for provision of training for higher level of productivity, subsidizing of inputs such as feed by the government and participation in cooperative societies by the fish farmers for financial and inputs assistance by relevant Non-Governmental Organizations.

The Role of Sorghum in Enhancing Food Security Among Smallholder Farmers in Makueni County, Kenya

In the wake of climate change and prevailing food insecurity, there has been increased attention on crops that can withstand harsh climatic conditions and have the potential to sustain livelihoods. Sorghum (<i>Sorghum bicolor)</i> is among the cereal crops with the potential to address these unprecedented challenges. It grows in arid and semi-arid regions characterized by unpredictable weather patterns, rising poverty levels, and food insecurity. In Kenya, sorghum ranks third in terms of production and importance. Nevertheless, there is prevailing food insecurity in Makueni County, where sorghum thrives well. Hence, the purpose of this study was to assess the role of sorghum in enhancing food security among smallholder farmers by establishing the potential factors influencing sorghum production and income from sorghum. A multistage sampling method was used to select a sample of 96 respondents. Data analysis involved the use of multiple linear regression model and gross margin analysis. The results indicated that experience, household size, and extension service influence sorghum production positively, while distance to all-weather roads and off-farm income have a negative effect. Gross margin results revealed sorghum is a profitable enterprise with an average net farm income of about 10,760 KES per acre. This suggests that sorghum production improves the income of sorghum-producing households and consequently enhances food security. The study, therefore, proposes strategies such as developing appropriate training facilities and strengthening extension services to boost sorghum production and thus promote food security among smallholder farmers. Furthermore, national and county governments should develop efficient road networks and provide incentives to sorghum producers to enhance access to services and markets, and foster specialization in sorghum enterprise.

ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF MILLET PRODUCTION IN JERE LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, BORNO STATE, NIGERIA.

This research was carried out to determine the profitability of millet production in Jere local Government area of Borno state. Random sampling technique was adopted in this research through which data was collected from ninety (90) farms with the aid of a well-structured questionnaire. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics, gross margin analysis and production functions. Result indicated that 58.9% of respondents were in their economically active age group, majority (76.7%) of the farmers were male, 66.7% were married, while 42.2% had farming experience of between 21 – 30 years in millet production and it was revealed that farms were on a small-scale basis. Result further showed that millet production was profitable with gross margin and net farm income of N29,743.18 and N12,868.00 per hectare respectively. Regression model estimated revealed that double-log was the lead equation with R2 of 68.5%. Also, land, labour and agrochemical had significant impact on the level of millet output at P<0.01 level of probability and F-ratio 35.212. Estimated efficiency ratios showed that land; labour and fertilizer were under-utilised, while agrochemical was over utilised. Return to scale gave a value of 1.27 which implies that millet production was in stage 1 of the production region. It can be concluded that millet production in the study area is profitably. The study recommends that farmers should employ more land; labour and fertilizer, while the use of agrochemical should be cut down in order to improved millet production output for profit maximization.

Participation in land rental and labor markets and agricultural economic performance of banana farmers in China

The emerging marketization of agricultural factors allows farmers to expand agricultural production by renting in farmland from land rental market or purchasing services through labor market. Farmers’ transactions in the two markets can stimulate the agricultural transformation in developing countries, but may increase their financial burden in agriculture. Based on the primary data collected from banana farmers in China, this study attempts to clarify farmers categories based on their different choices regarding participation in land rental and labor markets for agricultural production, analyze the determinants of farmers’ simultaneous participation in the two markets, and explore heterogenous effects of farmers’ market participation on agricultural economic performances using the multinomial endogenous switching treatment regression model. The results show that farmer’s tie to retailers is highlighted as an important driving force behind farmers’ simultaneous participation in the two markets, while their participation choices are also varying due to different household head characteristics and family resource endowments. Farmers who participated in the two markets significantly reduce the cost of material input in agricultural production, but the total production cost of participants is higher than that of non-participants due to the high rent of land resource and cost of hired labor for production services. Interestingly, farmers’ participation in land rental market increases the yield of their farms, while participation in labor market has a negative impact on the yield. Farmers’ participation in both land rental and labor markets can significantly increase farm net income by nearly 67 %. In contrast, participation in labor market decreased farm net income by 22 %, whilst participation in land rental market increased farm net income by 186 %, though without statistical significance. The findings underscore the important role of land rental markets in boosting farm economic performance. Policymakers can facilitate land transfer among smallholder farmers in the land rental market and promote agricultural technologies to substitute labor force so as to reduce the adverse effect of labor market, thereby improving agricultural economic performances in developing regions.

Relevance of farm-scale indicators and tools for farmers to assess sustainability of their mixed crop-ruminant livestock systems

Ensuring the sustainability and circularity of mixed crop-ruminant livestock systems is essential if they are to deliver on the enhancement of long-term productivity and profitability with a smaller footprint. The objectives of this study were to select indicators in the environmental, economic and social dimensions of sustainability of crop-livestock systems, to assess if these indicators are relevant in the operational schedule of farmers, and to score the indicators in these farm systems. The scoring system was based on relevance to farmers, data availability, frequency of use, and policy. The study was successful in the assemblage of a suite of indicators comprising three dimensions of sustainability and the development of criteria to assess the usefulness of these indicators in crop-ruminant livestock systems in distinct agro-climatic regions across the globe. Except for ammonia emissions, indicators within the Emissions to air theme obtained high scores, as expected from mixed crop-ruminant systems in countries transitioning towards low emission production systems. Despite the inherent association between nutrient losses and water quality, the sum of scores was numerically greater for the former, attributed to a mix of economic and policy incentives. The sum of indicator scores within the Profitability theme (farm net income, expenditure and revenue) received the highest scores in the economic dimension. The Workforce theme (diversity, education, succession) stood out within the social dimension, reflecting the need for an engaged labor force that requires knowledge and skills in both crop and livestock husbandry. The development of surveys with farmers/stakeholders to assess the relevance of farm-scale indicators and tools is important to support direct actions and policies in support of sustainable mixed crop-ruminant livestock farm systems.

Integrating Biochar with Solar Drip Irrigation Technology for Smallholder Vegetable Farming in South-eastern Ghana Yields Profitable Returns

Ghana's agricultural sector faces significant challenges, characterized by low productivity and a heavy reliance on unpredictable rainfall and outdated farming practices, with limited use of modern agricultural inputs. This research investigates the potential profitability of integrating biochar and solar drip irrigation technologies for smallholder vegetable farming in Ghana, a country with sub-Saharan African agricultural conditions. The study employs gross margin and net farm income approaches to estimate profitability, providing a robust financial analysis of the proposed agricultural innovations. The results reveal a substantial mean gross margin of GHȼ35,021.25 and a net farm income of GHȼ48,786.50 per ha across the study area during the dry season from 2017-2020. These findings underscore the economic viability of biochar and solar drip irrigation, demonstrating significant financial benefits for smallholder farmers. The study concludes that adopting these technologies can markedly enhance agricultural productivity and profitability. It is recommended that smallholder farmers adopt biochar and solar drip irrigation to improve their farming outcomes, thereby contributing to sustainable agricultural development in the region.

Effect of Pre-Harvest Losses on Profitability of Plantain Production in Bayelsa State, Nigeria

The study examined the effect of pre-harvest losses on profitability of plantain farmers in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. The specific objectives were to: describe the socio economic characteristics of plantain farmers, examine pre-harvest losses of plantain on profitability and determine factors that influence pre-harvest losses of plantain. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select five (5) local government areas (Yenagoa, Ogbia, Kolokuma-Opokuma, Sagbama and Southern Ijaw) purposively based on their predominance in commercial plantain farmers and six (6) communities each from the 5 LGAs respectively, and, furthermore, eight (8) plantain farmers in each community, making a total number of two hundred and forty (240) plantain farmers. Structured questionnaire was used to elicit the required information from the selected respondents. The result indicates that 55.1% of the respondents fall between the age range of 31-50 years, with the mean age of 44 years. Males (51.9%) dominated plantain production in the study area. The majority of the plantain farmers were married (60.0%), 95.5% had formal education, 60.0% had 1-15 years of farm experience, 77.9% were part-time farmers, 98.3% had family size of 1-10 persons in their households with a mean of 5 persons, and 56.7% had farm size of 2-4 hectares. The result further shows that 56.7% used hired labour while 86.7% had no month contact with extension agent. Sucker, fertilizer, household size, and educational level had a significant relationship with plantain production at various probability levels, indicating profitability. Based on the findings, it was therefore recommended that there is a need for the farmers to put up parameter fencing to prevent theft cases which is extremely high and adversely affects net farm income. However, government and non-governmental organizations can support in terms of granting farmers' soft loans in order to reduce the burden.

PROFITABILITY OF BATTERY CAGE BROILER PRODUCTION SYSTEMS IN UYO METROPOLIS, AKWA IBOM STATE, NIGERIA

The study assessed the profitability of battery cage broiler production systems in Uyo, Metropolis, Akwa Ibom State. Simple random sampling technique was used in selecting 100 poultry (broiler) farmers for this study. The data collected were cross-sectional data. Descriptive statistic was used to analysed the data. The findings depicted that majority (54%}) of the battery cage broiler producers were male. Also, the total cost, total revenue, gross margin and net farm income were N495469.46, N829,293.34, N335,459.88 and N 333,823.88 respectively. Feed cost representing 80.75% of total cost of broilers production. Despite the high feeds cost, battery cage system of broilers production is a worthwhile venture as depicted by profit of N333,823.88. The return on a naira invested was 0.674 meaning that for every N1 invested 67.4k was return as profit. Feeds cost and lack of funds were the primary determinants of profitability of battery cage broiler production systems. It is recommended that there should be subsidy on feed cost by the government and provision of credit facilities to farmers for increased productivity resulting profit maximisation.

Effects of input intensification and cost efficiency on the productivity of irrigated tomato farmers in Kaduna State, Nigeria

: A ergonomics a diverse range of production-limiting variables ranging from biophysical to agronomic restrictions, as well as socioeconomic and institutional barriers constrained tomato production. It is pertinent to note that Adoption of contemporary agricultural methods is required for optimal productivity under such limits. This study aims to analyze the effect of input intensification and cost efficiency on the productivity of irrigated tomato farmers in Kaduna state, Nigeria. The study used a cross sectional data of 268 irrigated tomato farmers for 2021 cropping season. Descriptive statistics, net farm income, Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression, Tobit regression model and stochastic frontier cost function were used to analyze the data. The result established that with the net farm income of ₦401,331 ($994.43USD) and return on investment (1.91), tomato production is profitable. The result of OLS regression showed that normalized input intensification (-0.226) is statistically significant at 1% level of probability and is negatively inelastic. This revealed that the input intensification been adopted as a complete package in the study area had negative influence on productivity of tomato. The result of the Tobit model regression showed that the intensity of input use was significantly influenced by the coefficients of age of household head (-0.079), number of extension contact (0.661), farm size (11.257), and distance to input market (0.262). The result of the estimated stochastic frontier cost function showed that costs of labour (0.03), fertilizer (0.35), seed (0.08), agrochemicals (0.06), annual depreciation (0.36) and transportation (0.07) were statistically significant. The inefficiency variables that influenced the cost of the tomato farmers include farm size (0.47), educational status (0.22), access to credit (0.59) and distance to input market (-0.02). The study established that input intensification package adopted by tomato farmers requires modification to enhance tomato productivity in Kaduna state, Nigeria. There is urgent need for training of farmers by extension agent particularly on input intensification, adoption of modern innovations and technologies that could enhance increase output and income.

Economic Impact Analysis of Value Chain Development Programme (VCDP) on Net Farm Income of Rice Farmers in Niger State, Nigeria

This study evaluated economic impact analysis of VCDP on net farm income (NFI) of rice farmers in Niger State, Nigeria. Primary data were used. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select a total sample size of 292 rice farmers which comprised of 155 value chain development program beneficiaries and 137 non- beneficiaries. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, gross margin analysis, multiple regression analysis, difference-in-difference method (DD), propensity score matching (PSM), principal component analysis, F-Chow test, and t-test. The gross margin ratio for VCDP beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries was 88% and 71%. Rice production was profitable. The result of the difference-in-difference regression analysis showed that treatment (P< 0.10), period (P< 0.01), interaction (P< 0.10), level of educational (P< 0.10), and farm experience (P< 0.10), were statistically significant variables influencing the net farm income of rice farmers in the study area. The results of PSM show that the coefficient of Average Treatment Effect for all matching algorithms for net farm income of rice farmers such as nearest neighbor, radius, kernel, and stratification were significant at (P< 0.01). The F-Chow test conducted for difference between NFI of participant and non-participant of VCDP was statistical significant. This shows that VCDP impacted positively on NFI of rice farmers. The study recommends that low-interest loans should be made available to rice farmers to increase income.

Cost of agricultural injuries in the United States: Estimates based on surveillance, insurance, and government statistics.

Agriculture is a hazardous industry but the frequency and severity of agricultural injuries are not well documented as nonfatal injuries to self-employed farmers are excluded from national surveillance. The aim of this study was to provide new injury rate and cost estimates in US agriculture. Injury data were obtained from 2018 to 2020 Farm and Ranch Health and Safety Surveys. Responses from 7,195 farm/ranch operators included injury frequency, medical expense, and lost work time data. These injury rate and cost data were used to estimate national injury costs for self-employed farmers using Census of Agriculture operator count, injury costs for hired agricultural workers using Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) nonfatal injury count, and fatal injury costs using BLS count of fatal injuries. The injury rate for self-employed farmers and ranchers was 15.25 injuries per 100 operators or 11.9 "recordable" injuries per 100 full time equivalent operators (FTE). Average costs for nonfatal injuries were: $10,878 for medical care, $4735 for lost work time, and $15,613 in total per injury case. The total national agricultural injury cost estimate was $11.31 billion per year; 11.3% higher than the earlier benchmark using 1992 data; both in March 2024 dollars. The cost burden was 2.1% of the US national gross farm income and 13.4% of the net farm income in 2019. Injuries result in significant economic losses to farm and ranch operators, their family members, workers, and society. Preventive efforts should be scaled up to reduce the frequency and costs of agricultural injuries.

Collective market action, farm performance, and household welfare among maize farmers: the role of outgrower scheme in Northern Ghana

ABSTRACT Although outgrower scheme facilitates farmers’ collective action in agri-food value chain market participation, evidence of its impacts on farm performance and welfare is still limited. We examine the determinants and impact of outgrower scheme collective market participation on farm performance and household welfare in northern Ghana, using a multinomial endogenous switching regression (MESR) model to account for selectivity bias. The empirical findings show that participants in collective input and output markets as well as the joint markets outperform nonparticipants in terms of farm performance (commercialization and net farm income) and household expenditure, with the highest gains associated with joint market participation. We also observed that factors such as gender, age, extension service, credit, transaction cost, and awareness of outgrower scheme significantly influence farmers’ inclusion in group marketing. The findings suggest that policies that facilitate farmers’ access to agricultural inputs and output markets in collective action should be implemented through public–private partnerships to enhance farm performance and the livelihood of farmers.

Impacts of thyme and/or garlic oils on growth, immunity, antioxidant and net farm income in Damascus goats

This study aimed to evaluate the impact of thyme and/or garlic oil administration on growth performance, immunity, antioxidant, biochemical parameters, and net farm income of Damascus goats. Forty weaned Damascus goats were allocated into four groups. The first group was the control without oral administration, while the 2nd (Th), 3rd (Gr), and 4th (ThGr) groups were orally administrated by (2 ml/goat/day) of thyme oil, garlic oil and their mixture (1:1), respectively during the whole experiment period. The final body weight of goats orally administered oil mixture was the heaviest group, it was 10, 4.5 and 3.5% than the control, Th. and Gr. groups, respectively with better feed conversion ratio and high net farm income. Goats of ThGr. group revealed the best immunity, antioxidant and general health condition than the control group with 50% reduction of MDA. Liver (AST, 33% and ALT, 38%) and kidney (creatinine, 88%) functions improved by oils mixtures orally administration compared with the control group. LDL, triglyceride and cholesterol were reduced by 47, 33 and 21% compared with the control group, respectively. Thus, mixture oil administration (thyme and garlic at the ratio of 1:1, 2 ml/goat/day) improved growth (10%), antioxidant status (MDA 50%), liver (AST, 33% and ALT, 38%), kidney function (creatinine, 88%), the FCR (17.4%) and net farm income (21%), of Damascus goats.

Economic efficiency of rice production among the small-scale women farmers in the Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria

This study evaluated the economic efficiency of rice production among the small-scale women farmers in the Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 100 small-scale women rice farmers. The primary data were collected with the aid of a well-designed and well-structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, farm budgeting technique, financial analysis, the Stochastic production frontier efficiency model, and the Tobit dichotomous regression model. The results show that 88% of women rice farmers were below 50 years old. The mean age was 44 years. Averagely, they were small-scale farmers with 1.31 hectares of farm land. The labor input in man-days constituted the highest percentage of about 50.8% of the total costs of activities involved in rice production. The net farm income and gross margin ratio was estimated at 416,800 Naira and 0.63 respectively. This shows that the rice production by women farmers was profitable and worthwhile. The mean allocative, economic, technical efficiency scores were 50.3%, 50.8%, and 51.20% leaving the efficiency gaps of 49.7%, 49.2%, and 48.8% for improvement respectively. The significant factors influencing the economic efficiency of the rice production among women farmers include the following: – farm size, labor input, household size, seed input, fertilizer input, chemical input, farm experience, and access to credit. The major constraints encountered by women rice farmers include the following: inadequate credit facilities (1st), high cost of labor (2nd), high cost of fertilizers (3rd) and high cost of herbicides (4th). The study recommends that farm inputs such as improved seeds, fertilizer input, chemical input and herbicides should be made available to women farmers at affordable prices. Credit facilities devoid of rigorous administrative procedures at low interest rate should be made available to women farmers Keywords: economic efficiency, rice production, Tobit regression model, small-scale women farmers, Abuja, Nigeria