Neoplastic Mass Research Articles

Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Presenting Section as a Soft Tissue Mass on Right Thigh

Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphomas (NHL) are a heterogeneous group of lymphoproliferative malignancies with a greater preference for disseminating to extranodal locations. Prevalence of extranodal involvement in NHL has increased in the past decade, and the sites involved are the stomach, spleen, waldeyer’s ring, Central Nervous System (CNS), lungs and skin. This is a rare case of NHL in a 48-year-old female who presented with solitary exophytic mass with ulceration over the right thigh and erythematous plaque over postaxillary region and enlarged right inguinal and left axillary lymph nodes. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the right thigh showed lobulated mass involving skin and subcutaneous soft tissues without any intramuscular extension suggestive of neoplastic mass. Fine needle aspiration cytology of the inguinal node and biopsy of the right thigh lesion showed features suggestive of NHL. She was treated with three cycles of Cyclophosphamide, Hydroxydaunorubicin, Oncovin and Prednisone (CHOP) regimen, but the patient succumbed to death after six months of chemotherapy

Radiological Assessment of Retroperitoneal Neoplastic Lesions in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Rajkot, Gujarat, India: A Cross-sectional Study

Introduction: The retroperitoneum is an important potential space in the human abdomen. Retroperitoneal (RP) tumours are extremely vast in position, size, rate of growth and in pathological types. They silently grow before giving rise to symptoms or become palpable. Radiology plays a unique role in sustaining the optimum information for the diagnosis of lesions of retroperitoneal space. Computed Tomography (CT) is generally more superior in the diagnosis of retroperitoneal neoplastic lesions in comparison to X-Ray or Ultrasonography (USG) but later are cost-effective and readily available. Aim: To describe the clinical spectrum of retroperitonial neoplastic lesions and also to evaluate the radiographic features of different retroperitoneal neoplastic lesions with various radiological modalities. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 50 patients from November 2019 to April 2021, in Department of Radiology of Pandit Deendayal Upadhyay Government Medical College and Civil Hospital, Rajkot, Gujarat. Each patient had undergone CT, USG and X-ray as indicated. Descriptive data was analysed and presented in terms of frequencies and percentages. Results: In this study among 50 patients, males (60%) were found to be affected more than the females (40%) with a male:female ratio of 1.5:1. The most common malignant RP neoplastic lesion was metastatic nodal masses and lymphoma. 41 (82%) of cases were malignant while 9 (18%) were benign neoplasms. The most common benign RP neoplastic lesion was teratoma. The most common presentation in patients with retroperitoneal lesions was pain and lump in the abdomen with abdominal distension. Most of the malignant lesions were of average size more than 10 cm. Conclusion: Most of the retroperitoneal neoplastic lesions were malignant and seen in males. CT, USG and X-ray are helpful in the characterisation and diagnosis of retroperitoneal neoplastic masses.

Renal carcinoma with metastatic spread in a tiger (Panthera tigris): morphological and immunohistochemical study.

A 12‑year‑old intact male Panthera tigris presented with pain and weight loss was euthanatized. Necroscopical examination revealed a neoplastic mass expanding to the left renal pelvis with metastatic dissemination to local lymph node, adrenal gland, and lung. Immunohistochemical characterization was performed revealing co‑expression of both cytokeratin and vimentin and negativity for both PAX8 and c‑KIT. Considering histochemical and immunohistochemical results the tumour was classified as renal cell carcinoma with metastatic spread. This report provides insights into the morphological and immunohistochemical features of renal cell carcinoma in Panthera tigris.

Malignant Epidermoid Cyst: MRI Evaluation and Review of Literature

Epidermoid cysts are commonly encountered intracranial neoplastic masses in clinical radiology practice. They are purely benign but may undergo malignant transformation or may present as de novo malignant epidermoid tumor, a rare but ominous phenomenon associated with poor prognosis. Malignant epidermoids may masquerade as glial tumours, ependymal neoplasms, or choroid plexus masses, and are prone to be misdiagnosed. We describe a case of malignant epidermoid cyst or tumor (de novo) in a young adult who presented with the complaints of intermittent headaches which had increased in frequency and severity.

Evaluation of Haemostasis in Dogs Affected by Resectable Malignancy

Dogs with neoplasm are at risk of thrombosis, yet there is no information on the haemostatic alterations that may result from the surgeries performed to remove neoplastic masses. The aim of this study was to observe the characteristics of haemostasis in dogs undergoing surgery to remove a malignancy by means of rotational thromboelastometry and thrombin generation. Haemostasis was assessed immediately before surgery (T0), 24 h after surgery (T1), and two weeks after surgery (T2). Statistically significant differences were found between the thromboelastometric parameters at T0 vs. T1, with increases observed in MCF, the α angle, and G parameters in the ex-TEM and in-TEM profiles. In the thromboelastometric analysis performed after surgery differences were identified between T1 and T2, with a decrease observed in parameters such as CFT, MCF, the α angle, and G. Between T0 and T2, only a significant decrease in CT was detected in the fib-TEM profile. No differences were found in the comparison among the results obtained via thrombin generation. In dogs with resectable malignancies, the surgeries performed to remove cancer affected coagulation, causing a tendency towards hypercoagulability. The interference with coagulation was transient, and 2 weeks after surgery, the thromboelatometric results returned to those obtained before surgery (T0).

Clinical Utility of Cytology from Preoperative Percutaneous Fine Needle Aspirates of Solitary Liver Masses in 220 Dogs: A Retrospective Study (2009-2019).

When a solitary liver mass is identified in a dog, a fine-needle aspirate (FNA) is commonly employed to attempt to obtain a diagnosis. Little information is provided in the literature evaluating the sensitivity/specificity of FNA cytology for solitary liver masses. We hypothesized that liver lesion size nor the presence of cavitation would impact the success of cytological diagnosis. Medical records were obtained for 220 client-owned dogs. Inclusion criteria included preoperative abdominal imaging, percutaneous FNA of a solitary hepatic mass with cytologic interpretation by a board-certified pathologist, and a surgical biopsy or mass excision yielding a histopathological diagnosis. Six dogs (2.7%) experienced a complication after FNA, none considered severe. The agreement rate for correct cytologic diagnosis was 22.9% (49/220). Of the neoplastic masses 18.9% (35/185) were correctly diagnosed via cytology. The overall sensitivity was 60%, and the specificity was 68.6%. Neither institution (P = 0.16), lesion size (P = 0.88), cavitation (P = 0.34), or needle gauge (P = 0.20) had an association with correct diagnosis. This study demonstrates that, although there is a low risk of complications following FNA of a hepatic mass, overall success rate for correct cytologic diagnosis based on FNA was low compared to histopathologic diagnosis.

Spontaneous Lymphoma in a SMP30 Knock-Out C57BL/6 Mouse

Abstract 70-weeks-old female C57BL6 senescence marker protein 30 knock out mice exhibited anorexia, lethargy and enlarged abdomen because of an intraperitoneal mass. On necropsy, the mouse revealed a large brown-whitish mass located on the mesentery. The mass also exhibited systemic metastasis and spread over in various organs. On microscopic findings, the neoplastic masses were mainly composed of neoplastic round cells characterized by severe anisokaryosis, narrow cytoplasm, round nuclei, prominent nucleoli, and numerous mitotic figures (13-15 in a 400X field). Consequently, the present case was diagnosed as a metastatic lymphoma arising from a mesenteric lymph node, the tumor spread to other organs such as the intestine, kidney and thoracic cavity. According to previous studies, SMP30 plays an important role in inhibiting cancer in both human and mouse. Taken together, it seems that the present case can be used as a valuable asset for evaluating the potential risks of SMP30 depletion in developing lymphoma.

Comparative Study between Pre- and Post-IV Contrast MDCT Urography in Characterization of Neoplastic Urinary Bladder Masses

Comparative Study between Pre- and Post-IV Contrast MDCT Urography in Characterization of Neoplastic Urinary Bladder Masses

Morphological and Immunohistochemical Characterization of an Oral Metastatic Carcinosarcoma in a Cat

A 15-year-old neutered male mixed breed Domestic Shorthair cat was presented for a rapidly growing, intraoral soft gingival mass on the left mandibular region. The neoplastic tissue consisted histologically of two distinct malignant cell populations: spindle cells arranged in bands and epithelioid cells arranged in cords. A few multinucleated giant cells were scattered among the neoplastic cells. Spindle cells and multinucleated giant cells strongly expressed vimentin while epithelial cells strongly expressed pancytokeratins. On the basis of the histological and immunohistochemical results, a diagnosis of oral carcinosarcoma was made. After 2 months, due to the extent of disease and poor prognosis, the cat was euthanized. Necropsy revealed a markedly enlarged, multilobulated white-pink neoplastic mass that had originated from the left side of the sublingual region and involved the coronoid process of the left mandibular bone. The cut surface of the enlarged left submandibular lymph node was glistening, whitish-tan in colour with a multinodular appearance, suggestive of metastasis and confirmed by histological examination. Oral carcinosarcoma is uncommonly recorded in humans and dogs and, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case in a cat.

Three Cases of Mandibular Ossifying Fibroma in Cattle

Neoplastic masses were evaluated in the rostral region of the mandible of three young adult cattle. In all three cases, the masses were macroscopically large, firm, ulcerated, infiltrative, whitish and solid, and led to tooth displacement and loss. Radiographically, the neoplastic masses were intraosseous and radiolucent with foci of radiopacity. Loss of radiopacity due to bone necrosis was seen in the mandibular bone adjacent to the neoplasms. Histologically, well-differentiated, infiltrative non-encapsulated mesenchymal neoplastic proliferation replaced the mandibular bone and extended to the oral mucosa in all three cases. The neoplastic cells had scant cytoplasm and fusiform or oval hyperchromatic nuclei with loose chromatin, and were arranged in bundles in various directions. Within the neoplastic tissue, there were mineralized bone trabeculae and unmineralized osteoid, lined by a layer of osteoblasts and osteocytes within the lacunae. The pre-existing bone tissue adjacent to the neoplasm had areas of necrosis and osteoclasis of variable extent and intensity. Based on the macroscopic, radiographic and microscopic findings, a diagnosis of mandibular ossifying fibroma was established in all three cattle.

Clear cell variant mucoepidermoid carcinoma of salivary gland in a grey wolf (Canis lupus)

A 14-year-old male grey wolf (Canis lupus) with a history of severe facial swelling was submitted for necropsy. Clinical and radiological examination demonstrated an expansile neoplastic mass in the nasal and frontal sinuses. On necropsy, an amorphous neoplastic mass and extensive necrosis were observed in the nasal turbinate. Microscopic examination revealed a tumour principally composed of obvious clear tumour cells characterised by small hyperchromatic nuclei and abundant clear cytoplasm. These clear cells were positive for mucin with PAS, PAS-D reaction, and alcian blue (pH 2.5) staining, but negative for PTAH staining. Immunohistochemically, some of tumour cells were strongly positive for mesenchymal cells (vimentin), whereas they were negative for myoepithelial antigen (alpha-SMA) and cytokeratin. Based on the histopathological and immunohistochemical features, the present case was diagnosed as high-grade clear cell variant mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC). This is the first description of clear cell variant MEC in a wolf.

Are blood parameters assessed before taking frozen sections useful in gynecological oncology?

Background/Aim: Inflammatory processes are often implicated in oncology, and inflammatory markers and indices have been much studied in this context. In gynecological surgery, frozen sections have proven valuable in decision-making. Here we aim to identify laboratory parameters that correlate with frozen section results and thus develop new indices in neoplastic decision-making. Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study at Bursa Yüksek İhtisas Training and Research Hospital, we evaluated 139 patients diagnosed with adnexal mass and endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia. We divided the patients whose frozen sections were reported as malignant, borderline, or benign into three groups and compared the pre-operative complete blood parameters. Results: The mean age of our patients was 57.3 (11.5) years, and frozen section reports were benign in 33 (23.7%), borderline in 43 (30.9%), and malignant in 63 (45.3%) patients. The mean corpuscular volume and mean platelet volume values ​​were different, and this difference was significant between borderline and malignant groups in post-hoc analyses (P = 0.04 and P = 0.03, respectively). While the percentage of lymphocytes was lower in malignant groups, the percentage of neutrophils was higher (P = 0.01 and P = 0.03, respectively). According to post-hoc analysis, the percentage of neutrophils differs between benign and malignant groups (P = 0.05). The difference in lymphocyte percentage was significant between benign-borderline and benign-malignant groups (P = 0.02, P = 0.05; respectively). The blood neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio was higher in the malignant groups compared to the other two groups (P = 0.02). We used the Multi Linear Regression Analysis method to analyze the factors that play a role in predicting the frozen outcome as malignant. Accordingly, the model with the best performance used lymphocyte percentage, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, and Ca-125 parameters (P = 0.03). Conclusion: This study indicates that inflammatory markers may give a clue about the character of the neoplastic mass before oncology surgery. Thus, we can make new contributions to the surgical and clinical approach in the literature by developing new malignancy indices.

Functional Insulinomas in a Rhesus Macaque (Macaca mulatta)

We report a rare case of functional insulinomas in a 16.7-year-old female Rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) that was presented with neuroglycopenic signs to the breeding colony hospital at the Tulane National Primate Research Center. At initial and follow-up examinations, the animal was consistently hypoglycaemic and was clinically maintained with additional fruits, other high-sugar food items and dextrose supplementation. Occasional episodes of seizure and collapse resolved quickly on administration of high-sugar food items. At necropsy, the uncinate process of the pancreas had a 2.2cm diameter, red, round, firm neoplastic mass, and another neoplasm was identified on histological examination of the head of pancreas. Histologically, neoplastic cells exhibited neuroendocrine packeting, resembled pancreatic islet cells and immunolabelled for chromogranin A, synaptophysin and insulin but not for somatostatin, gastrin or pancreatic polypeptide. A few cells immunolabelled for glucagon. The clinical signs and gross and histological findings were consistent with functional insulinomas.

A Case of Unilateral Proptosis Secondary to Prostatic Metastasis.

Prostate cancer metastases involving the orbit and/or paranasal sinuses represent a rare oncological presentation. Patients can have a myriad of symptoms such as proptosis, periorbital swelling, blurry vision, rhinorrhea, epistaxis, anosmia, or others depending on the structures involved. The differential diagnosis of paranasal sinus masses on imaging studies is broad and can include inflammatory, congenital, or neoplastic masses; leading to the requirement of biopsy for definitive diagnosis. Tissue sample is usually obtained via an endoscopic approach. The prognosis of such a presentation is not well described in the literature, but it is usually guarded due to the advanced stage of the disease and generally a poorly differentiated primary tumor. Treatments usually aim to reduce the burden of disease and debulk the tumor mass for palliative purposes. We present a case of a 71-year-old male presenting with unilateral proptosis and periorbital swelling secondary to prostatic metastasis.

Massive ganglioneuroma of the parapharyngeal space in a pediatric patient: a case report

BackgroundNeuroblastic tumors arise from primitive sympathetic ganglion cells and are the most common extracranial solid tumor of childhood. Ganglioneuroma is the most well-differentiated, benign subtype and comprises less than 1% of all soft tissue tumors. One to 5% of these occur in the head and neck, including the parapharyngeal space. It is uncommon to find a physically detectable, neoplastic parapharyngeal space mass in a child.Case reportA 7-year-old boy presented with a painless left neck mass. Imaging revealed a 2.6 × 2.7 × 6.1 cm left parapharyngeal space mass. Fine-needle aspiration suggested a ganglioneuroma. The patient developed compressive symptoms, notably pain, thus the decision was made to surgically resect. The tumor was excised transcervically, preserving the great vessels, phrenic and cranial nerves. Postoperatively, the patient developed a mild ipsilateral Horner’s syndrome, suggesting the mass to be a ganglioneuroma of the sympathetic chain.ConclusionsCervical ganglioneuromas typically present as slow-growing masses that cause compressive symptoms or are found incidentally. Resection is reserved for those with significant symptoms and is often complicated by Horner’s syndrome. In the review of literature, there are 23 reported cases of ganglioneuroma in the head/neck with a median age of 17 years. Eight of these occurred in the para/retropharyngeal spaces. Of these, five presented as an asymptomatic neck mass, two presented with compressive symptoms, and one was discovered incidentally. It is important to consider ganglioneuroma in the workup of pediatric neck masses, even in young children. Asymptomatic masses should be monitored for symptomatic transformation, and excision should be considered.

A case report of a heart mass

Introduction: Certain cardiac tumors are asymptomatic and are detected by chance after autopsy. The clinical signs and symptoms of cardiac tumors vary greatly and are determined mainly by the tumor's location and size rather than its histology. Cardiac masses have a broad differential diagnosis, and it is critical to differentiate between neoplastic and non-neoplastic cardiac masses and benign and malignant neoplasms. Surgery is advised in situations of heart failure symptoms, treatment-resistant ventricular arrhythmias, or blockage of the heart's inlet or outlet pathways. Presentation: In this research, a 60-year-old man presented to the hospital with complaints of shortness of breath, and after an echocardiogram and CT scan, he was diagnosed with a right atrial tumor, which required surgery. Conclusion: The patient was sent to the oncology unit for additional treatment after surgery, excision of the mass, and analysis of the pathology sample.

Ultrasound-induced cavitation and passive acoustic mapping: SonoTran platform performance and short-term safety in a large-animal model.

Ultrasound-induced cavitation is currently under investigation for several potential applications in cancer treatment. Among these, the use of low-intensity ultrasound, coupled with the systemic administration of various cavitation nuclei, has been found to enhance the delivery of co-administered therapeutics into solid tumors. Effective pharmacological treatment of solid tumors is often hampered, among various factors, by the limited diffusion of drugs from the bloodstream into the neoplastic mass and through it, and SonoTran holds the potential to tackle this clinical limitation by increasing the amount of drug and its distribution within the ultrasound-targeted tumor tissue. Here we use a clinically ready system (SonoTran Platform) composed of a dedicated ultrasound device (SonoTran System) capable of instigating, detecting and displaying cavitation events in real time by passive acoustic mapping and associated cavitation nuclei (SonoTran Particles), to instigate cavitation in target tissues and illustrate its performance and safety in a large-animal model. This study found that cavitation can be safely triggered and mapped at different tissue depths and in different organs. No adverse effects were associated with infusion of SonoTran Particles, and ultrasound-induced cavitation caused no tissue damage in clinically targetable organs (e.g., liver) for up to 1 h. These data provide evidence of cavitation initiation and monitoring performance of the SonoTran System and the safety of controlled cavitation in a large-animal model using a clinic-ready platform technology.

Observation of various symptoms of neoplastic Nasal mass in ENT

Nasal polyp of inflammatory masses is also very common but all the same, one has to rule out the possibility of a neoplastic growth. The present work is undertaken with a view to evaluate the etiology, correlate histological findings with clinical manifestations and an attempt has been made to diagnose the tumours early to assist in planning management. In this observation, 55. 5 %cases of rhinosporidiosis had attachment in lateral wall and 15.5. Rhinosporidiosis attached to the lateral wall only in _22 .5% of cases and to the floor in 41.9% of cases. If the above two sites are taken together, both the studies, present one .and that of Das (1974) have almost the same finding. It is difficult to determine the attachment when the growth is big

Enxerto tegumentar autógeno parcial em malha como tratamento cirúrgico de carcinossarcoma superficial de pele em um cão – relato de caso

Skin grafting refers to a reconstructive method used in cases of integumentary discontinuity, being an excellent option for covering lesions. Surgical defects resulting from the excision of cutaneous neoplasms are its main indication. A 13-year-old male SRD dog was treated at the São Lucas Veterinary Hospital, in the city of Ji-Paraná - RO, during the physical examination, a neoplastic mass was noticed on the lateral face of the left forelimb. The tegumentar grafting technique was chosen due to the length of the surgical cut and the scarcity of skin to approximate the incised edges, so the skin graft was removed from the left lateral region of the chest.

Retrospective Analysis of Neck Masses Diagnosed by Histopathology from Chattogram General Hospital

Background: Neck masses are found in all age groups from many causes, ranging from congenital to acquired pathology. There is a wide variation in the presentation of neck masses concerning its site of origin, clinical presentation, and the nature of the progression of the disease. This study was performed to have an idea about the prevalence of various neck masses according to age and sex so that it would help us in diagnosing the neck masses. Materials and methods: This retrospective study was performed in the Department of Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery, Chattogram General Hospital, Chattogram from July 2018 and June 2019, over 97 patients presented with neck mass. Results: Of 97 cases 69.1% were female and range from 7-77 years. The maximum case holding age group was 21- 30 years (26.8%). The histopathological diagnosis of the neck masses was inflammatory in 68 (70.1%), congenital in 5 (5.2%) and neoplastic in 24 (24.7%) cases. Chronic granulomatous lymphadenitis was the most common inflammatory lesion (50.5%) and a branchial cyst was the most common congenital mass (2.2%). Neoplastic masses were malignant in 10 (10.3%) and benign in 14 (14.4%) cases. The most common malignant neoplastic mass was a follicular carcinoma (6.2%), and the most common benign neoplastic mass was goitre (12.4%). Conclusions: Cervical lymphadenopathy was the most commonly encountered neck mass. Most of the neck masses are benign. Out of these cervical lymph nodes, tubercular lymphadenopathy was most common. JCMCTA 2022 ; 33 (1) : 21-24