Multiple sclerosis is a neurological disease that induces limitation of bodily performance. It has a major impact on the work and social life of affected persons because the patient's disability, often in the absence of visible symptoms, is o source of incomprehension in a society marked by the neoliberal dogma of performance. Patient associations often provide support for patients in their trajectory. The aim of this research was to identify how the principles of neoliberalism manifest themselves in the discourse of multiple sclerosis subjects, to understand the effects of neoliberal integration, and to clarify the role played by the association involvement in the trajectories of life. This qualitative study was based on 30 individual interviews and 4 group interviews with patients, as well as 23 observations of patient group meetings and focus groups. Ten people met in interviews also kept a mini-diary, in order to record their daily involvement in a patient association. Data were analysed thematically, initially independently then by cross-linked AtlasTi software. The association constitutes two forms, practical and ideological, an illustration of the resistance to neoliberalism, particularly in the form of individual and collective responsibilities. However, to a certain extent, it also recreates performance spaces. From a practical point of view, this research re-affirms the need to create collective activities to accompany people with chronic illness.