NEO Personality Inventory Research Articles

Prediction of Emotional Disorders Based on Neuroticism with Emotion Regulation, Experiential Avoidance, and Repetitive Negative Thinking

Background: Emotional disorders are common and recurring mental conditions that can severely affect individuals and have long-term economic consequences for society. Objectives: This study aimed to predict emotional disorders, using neuroticism, emotion regulation, experiential avoidance (EA), and repetitive negative thinking as predictors. Patients and Methods: The study included a sample of 414 patients diagnosed with emotional disorders residing in Tehran. Participants were selected through convenience sampling. Data were collected using the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), Negative Repetitive Thoughts Questionnaire (NRTQ), Experiential Avoidance Questionnaire (EAQ), Inventory of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms (IDAS), and NEO Personality Questionnaire (NEO FFI). Structural equation modeling, analyzed with SPSS-22 and AMOS-24 software, was employed for data analysis. Results: Neuroticism significantly predicted negative emotional regulation, EA, emotional disorders, and repetitive negative thoughts (P < 0.001). The coefficient of determination for emotional disorders was calculated as 0.73, indicating that 73% of the variance in emotional disorders can be explained by the predictor variables (neuroticism, emotional regulation, negative repetitive thoughts, and EA). Conclusions: Therefore, it is essential to consider the influence of personality and psychological factors on the inclination toward disorders. The findings of this study offer valuable insights for the development of culturally sensitive, contextually relevant, and psychosocially oriented prevention and treatment programs for emotional disorders using an integrated approach.

Imaging correlates of premorbid personality in the Frontotemporal Dementia ‐ Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (FTD‐ALS) spectrum

AbstractBackgroundFrontotemporal dementia (FTD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) belong to the same neurodegenerative spectrum. Factors determining phenotypic expression are unknown; however, it is common observation that personality differs between phenotypes: ALS patients tend to display a pleasant and nice attitude, while FTD patients frequently exhibit antisocial behaviours and lack of empathy. We therefore aimed at testing if FTD and ALS patients have different premorbid personalities, and, consequently, different organizations in the brain networks involved in social behaviour and motor function.MethodWe recruited FTD and ALS patients presenting to Modena University Hospital Neurology Clinics. Patients’ premorbid personality was assessed through the NEO Personality Inventory 3, which evaluates five main personality factors (Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness). Brain MRI scan including T1‐weighted and resting state fMRI sequences was performed. Data were analysed with voxel‐based morphometry and probabilistic independent component analysis.Result50 patients (30 FTD, 17 ALS, and 3 FTD‐ALS) were recruited. A significant difference in premorbid personality emerged in the Openness and Extraversion domains, meaning that ALS patients – in their premorbid life – showed higher sociability, loquacity and optimism and were more prone to new experience, ideas, and emotions than FTD patients, respectively. Structural imaging analysis showed a positive correlation between premorbid Neuroticism and grey matter density of the hippocampus bilaterally (left>right) across all patients. Group comparisons of fMRI data showed greater functional connectivity (FC) in ALS compared to FTD patients within the Salience Network (SN) in the right insula, putamen, nucleus accumbens, and the left thalamus. FC within the SN positively correlated with premorbid Openness across all patients.ConclusionPremorbid personality differs between patients with ALS and FTD, and relates to different degrees of FC within the Salience Network. This suggests that premorbid personality may represent a vulnerability marker to the development of specific phenotypes along the FTD‐ALS spectrum.

(176) Unconscious Attention to Sexual Stimuli: An Electroencephalography Study Regarding the Role of Neuroticism and Sexual Excitation/Inhibition

Abstract Introduction Past research has shown that neuroticism is a higher-order vulnerability factor in developing and maintaining emotional disorders and is related to an increased risk of sexual dysfunction. In a recent study, neuroticism was found to impact the automatic attention towards sexual stimuli, but the influence of psychosexual dimensions on such cognitive processes is not fully established. Objective Our aim was to study the mediating role of sexual inhibition/excitation propensity in the relationship between neuroticism and automatic attention to sexual stimuli and also to identify the neuroelectric correlates of this process. Methods We studied 58 individuals (Mage = 23.63; SD = 0.97), who presented either high or low neuroticism levels in the NEO-Personality Inventory-Revised (NEO PI-R). Participants also completed the Sexual Inhibition/Excitation Scales (SIS/SES) and event-related potentials (ERP) P1, P2 and N2 were recorded during a modified oddball paradigm containing romantic and sexually explicit pictures. Using parallel mediation analyses, we simultaneously tested the mediating role of sexual inhibition/excitation in the relationship between neuroticism and each ERP of interest. Results Findings revealed an indirect effect of neuroticism on automatic attention, via SIS1, regardless of the type of stimuli. Such indirect effect was only significant for component N2, with increased amplitudes and earlier latencies in participants with high neuroticism. Effect sizes ranged from medium to large. Conclusions These results can be interpreted as a sign of an enhanced emotional response elicited by the exposure to the sexual content. Results also showed that neuroticism predicts sexual inhibition due to threat of performance failure (SIS1), but does not have an effect on sexual excitation (SES) or sexual inhibition due to threat of performance consequences (SIS2). Our findings suggest that automatic attentional mechanisms are closely related to personality and sexual-related domains, and support the relevance of studying non-conscious cognitive phenomena in the context of human sexual behaviour. Disclosure No

The influence of personality on the quality of vision after multifocal intraocular lens implantation.

To assess the possible correlation between patients' personality traits and subjective perception of quality of vision (QoV), after multifocal intraocular lens (mIOL) implantation. patients who had bilateral implantation of a non-diffractive X-WAVE or a trifocal lens were assessed 6 months postoperatively. Patients answered the NEO-Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI-20) questionnaire ("Big Five five-factor personality model") to examine their personality. Six months following surgery, patients were asked to fill a QoV questionnaire where they graded the frequency of 10 common visual symptoms. Primary outcomes were to evaluate the correlation between personality scores and the reported frequency of visual disturbances. The study comprised 20 patients submitted to bilateral cataract surgery, 10 with a non-diffractive X-WAVE lens (AcrySof® IQ Vivity) and 10 with a trifocal lens (AcrySof® IQ PanOptix). Mean age was 60.23 (7.06) years. Six months following surgery, patients with lower scores of conscientiousness and extroversion reported a higher frequency of visual disturbances (blurred vision, P = .015 and P = .009, seeing double images P = .018 and P = .006, and having difficulties focusing, P = .027 and P = .022, respectively). In addition, patients with high neuroticism scores had more difficulty focusing (P = .033). In this study, personality traits such as low conscientiousness and extroversion and high neuroticism significantly influenced QoV perception 6 months after bilateral multifocal lens implantation. Patients' personality questionnaires could be a useful preoperative assessment test to a mIOL.

‘Personality and bipolar disorder: personality profiles of patients with remitted bipolar disorder and matched controls in a Danish sample’

Background The aim of the study was to investigate whether patients with bipolar disorder (BD) in remission differ in personality traits compared with a healthy control group. Methods A sample of patients with BD (n = 44) was compared with an individually matched control group (n = 44) using the Danish version of the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO PI-R). Paired t-tests were used to analyze differences between the two groups and multiple regression models to evaluate predictors of NEO scores in the patient group. Results Patients with BD reported significantly higher scores on both Neuroticism and Openness to Experience and lower scores on Conscientiousness. No differences were found on Extraversion and Agreeableness. The effect size for Neuroticism and its facets had a range from 0.77 to 1.45 SD. Statistically significant group differences were seen on 15 of 30 lower-level traits within all five high-order dimensions. There were large effect sizes for Trust (0.77) and Self-discipline (0.85), while the other statistically significant group differences were smaller with effect sizes in the range from 0.43 to 0.74 SD. However, patients with BD showed a profile with high-order dimensions and lower-level traits within one standard deviation from the mean score except for the lower-level trait Depression. Conclusions Our findings suggest that patients with BD differ from healthy control persons with respect to higher levels of Neuroticism, Openness to Experience and lower scores on Agreeableness and on Conscientiousness, but prospective studies are needed to evaluate the implications of this finding.

The Big Five as Predictors of Cognitive Function in Individuals with Bipolar Disorder.

The connection between cognitive function and the "Big Five" personality traits (openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism) in the general population is well known; however, studies researching bipolar disorder (BD) are scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the Big Five as predictors of executive function, verbal memory, attention, and processing speed in euthymic individuals with BD (cross-sectional: n = 129, including time point t1; longitudinal: n = 35, including t1 and t2). Participants completed the NEO Five-Factor Inventory, the Color and Word Interference Test, the Trail Making Test, the d2 Test of Attention Revised, and the California Verbal Learning Test. The results showed a significant negative correlation between executive function and neuroticism at t1. Changes in cognitive function between t1 and t2 did not correlate with and could not be predicted by the Big Five at t1. Additionally, worse executive function at t2 was predicted by higher neuroticism and lower conscientiousness at t1, and high neuroticism was a predictor of worse verbal memory at t2. The Big Five might not strongly impact cognitive function over short periods; however, they are significant predictors of cognitive function. Future studies should include a higher number of participants and more time in between points of measurement.

A psychological profile of drivers convicted of driving under the influence of alcohol

Driving under the influence of alcohol (driving while intoxicated [DWI]) is a rather large social problem. It can be influenced by the driver’s personality, risk perception, difficulties related to hyperactivity, or attention deficit and alcohol dependencies; all of which share complex relations with each other, increasing the probability of criminal behaviour while driving and of road accidents. The purpose of this study is to explore the way in which personality, personality disorders, risk perception and behaviour while driving, hyperactivity or attention deficit, and the problematic consumption of alcohol are expressed in a sample of Spanish drivers who had been found guilty of committing DWI offences. These results are compared with those recorded for a sample of drivers with no history of such violations. For this study, a total of 115 subjects sentenced to perform road safety-related community service work (CSW) as a result of DWI convictions, as well as 97 drivers with no violations, were evaluated using Driver Behaviour Questionnaire (DBQ) tests, the NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI), the International Personality Disorder Examination (IPDE), the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale Version 1.1, and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). Our results reveal that DWI traffic offenders exhibit risky consumption and signs of dependence (on alcohol and/or other drugs), and low levels of risk perception that are significantly lower than those observed for drivers without infractions. The logistic regression model provides data that supports the implication of a low perception of risk while driving under the influence of alcohol or other drugs, the violation of rules, extroverted personality traits, openness and cordiality, the indications of possible paranoid and antisocial PDs, and a below-university level of education as predictors of road crime due to DWI. This statistical solution offers a classificatory model with adequate internal and external validity. This scientific evidence could be useful for the design and improvement of prevention and reinsertion plans.

Modelling job burnout based on job exhaustion and personality traits among the employees of the Bastak County Department of Education

This study aims to model job burnout based on job exhaustion and personality traits among the employees. Burnout is a problem caused by workplace tensions. The present research was conducted on 100 employees. The statistical population of the research consisted of all the employees. For field data collection, the Maslach Burnout Inventory, developed by Maslach and Jackson, and NEO personality inventory were used. For data analysis, descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (correlation and regression) along with SPSS software were employed. The present research hypothesises that there is a significant relationship between job burnout based on job performance, job exhaustion and personality traits among the employees. According to findings, mental exercise, improving psychological satisfaction and experiential freshness can increase conscientiousness and agreeability and decrease neuroticism, which eventually leads to lower burnout. Keywords: Job burnout, job exhaustion, personality characteristics;

The association between personality and plasma biomarkers of astrogliosis and neuronal injury

Personality traits have been associated with the risk of dementia and Alzheimer’s disease neuropathology, including amyloid and tau. This study examines whether personality traits are concurrently related to plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), a marker of astrogliosis, and neurofilament light (NfL), a marker of neuronal injury. Cognitively unimpaired participants from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study on Aging (N = 786; age: 22–95) were assayed for plasma GFAP and NfL and completed the Revised NEO Personality Inventory, which measures 5 domains and 30 facets of personality. Neuroticism (particularly vulnerability to stress, anxiety, and depression) was associated with higher GFAP and NfL. Conscientiousness was associated with lower GFAP. Extraversion (particularly positive emotions, assertiveness, and activity) was related to lower GFAP and NfL. These associations were independent of demographic, behavioral, and health covariates and not moderated by age, sex, or apolipoprotein E genotype. The personality correlates of astrogliosis and neuronal injury tend to be similar, are found in individuals without cognitive impairment, and point to potential neurobiological underpinnings of the association between personality traits and neurodegenerative diseases.

Network analysis of the associations between personality traits, cognitive functioning, and inflammatory markers in elderly individuals without dementia.

Lower cognitive functioning in old age has been associated with personality traits or systemic inflammatory markers. Associations have also been found between personality traits and inflammatory markers. However, no study has explored the inter-relationships between these three components simultaneously. The present study aims to better understand the inter-relationships among personality traits, inflammatory markers, and cognitive performance in elderly individuals without dementia. This study utilizes a network analysis approach, a statistical method that allows visualization of the data's unique pairwise associations. We performed a cross-sectional analysis on 720 elderly individuals without dementia, using data from Colaus|PsyColaus, a population-based study conducted in Lausanne, Switzerland. The Revised NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI-R) was used to assess personality traits, and interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and C-reactive protein (CRP) were used as peripheral inflammatory markers. Cognitive domains were investigated using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Verbal Fluency Test, the Stroop Test, the DO40, and the Free and Cued Selective Reminding (FCSR) test. Openness was associated with verbal fluency and Agreeableness with immediate free recall. In contrast, no association between inflammatory markers and personality traits or cognition was identified. In elderly individuals without dementia, a high level of Openness or Agreeableness was associated with executive functioning/semantic memory and episodic memory, respectively.

Keratoconus and Personality Traits: A Case-Control Study.

The aim of this study was to delineate the personality traits of patients affected by keratoconus (KC) compared with a group of nonkeratoconic controls matched in age and sex. In this prospective interventional case-control study, 60 consecutive subjects (30 KC cases and 30 healthy controls), aged 18 to 30, were enrolled at the time of their first encounter at the ophthalmology unit of the Fondazione Policlinico "Tor Vergata", Roma. After completing the ophthalmic evaluation, participants were asked to respond to the National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire-25 (NEI VFQ-25). A complete psychiatric assessment was performed, including the Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (SCID-5); the Symptom Check List-90-Revised (SCL-90); the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris, and San Diego-Modified (TEMPS-M); and the NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI). Cases had lower quality of life than controls, as demonstrated by lower scores in all NEI VFQ-25 subdomains. Nine patients with KC (30.0%) were diagnosed by the SCID-5 with at least 1 cluster C personality disorder, resulting in a 9-fold increased risk compared with controls. Moreover, keratoconic patients showed a more pronounced psychosomatic symptomatology (SCL-90) and a characteristic neurotic temperament (TEMPS-M and NEO-FFI). Our results support the hypothesis that subjects with KC feature dysfunctional coping mechanisms and personality traits, which might already be present at the first clinical encounter. Ophthalmologists should question the mental and emotional status of patients with KC and be especially careful in managing these patients.

Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of the Five-Factor Narcissism Inventory-Short Form (FFNI-SF).

Objective: For a long time, it was held that narcissism had two aspects: narcissistic grandiosity and narcissistic fragility. The extraversion, neuroticism, and antagonism elements of the three-factor narcissism paradigm, on the other hand, have gained popularity in recent years. Based on the three-factor framework of narcissism, the Five-Factor Narcissism Inventory-short form (FFNI-SF) is a relatively recent invention. Therefore, this research aimed to assess the validity and reliability of the FFNI-SF in Persian among Iranians. Method : Ten specialists (with Ph.D.s in psychology) were enlisted in this research to translate and evaluate the reliability of the Persian version of the FFNI-SF. The Content Validity Index (CVI) and the Content Validity Ratio (CVR) were then used to assess face and content validity. It was given to 430 students at Azad University, Tehran Medical Branch, once the Persian form was completed. The available sampling technique was used to choose the participants. Cronbach's alpha and the test-retest correlation coefficient were used to assess the reliability of the FFNI-SF. In addition, concept validity was obtained using exploratory factor analysis. In addition, correlations with NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) and Pathological Narcissism Inventory (PNI) were employed to establish the convergent validity of the FFNI-SF. Results: According to professional opinions, the face and content validity indices met expectations. With Cronbach's alpha and test-retest reliability, the questionnaire's reliability was also established. Cronbach's alphas varied between 0.7 and 0.83 for the FFNI-SF components. According to test-retest reliability coefficients, the components' values varied from 0.7 to 0.86. Additionally, three factors (extraversion, neuroticism, and antagonism) were recovered using the principal components approach and a straight oblimin rotation. According to an analysis of the eigenvalues, the three-factor solution accounted for 49.01 of the variation in the FFNI-SF. The eigenvalues for the three variables were 2.95 (M = 1.39), 2.51 (M = 1.3), and 1.88 (M = 1.24) respectively. The FFNI-SF Persian form's convergent validity was further verified by the association between its results and those from the NEO-FFI and PNI tests and the FFNI-SF. There was a substantial positive association between FFNI-SF Extraversion and NEO Extraversion (r = 0.51, P ≤ 0.001), as well as a strong negative correlation between FFNI-SF antagonism and NEO agreeableness (r = -0.59, P ≤ 0.001). As well as this, PNI grandiose narcissism (r = 0.37, P ≤ 0.001) was shown to be significantly associated with FFNI-SF grandiose narcissism (r = 0.48, P ≤ 0.001), as it was with PNI vulnerable narcissism (r = 0.48, P < 0.001). Conclusion: with its solid psychometric qualities, we may utilize the Persian FFNI-SF to test the three-factor model of narcissism as an effective tool for research.

Psychometric property study of the Affective Lability Scale-short form in Chinese patients with mood disorders.

This study aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of the Affective Lability Scale-short form (ALS-SF) among Chinese patients with mood disorders, and to compare ALS-SF subscale scores between patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and patients with bipolar disorder (BD) depression. A total of 344 patients with mood disorders were included in our study. Participants were measured through a set of questionnaires including the Chinese version of ALS-SF, Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7), and NEO-Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI). Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were applied to examine the psychometric properties of ALS-SF. Besides, correlation and regression analyses were performed to explore the relationship between affective lability and depression, anxiety, and neuroticism. Independent samples t-tests were used to compare the subscale scores of ALS-SF between the MDD and BD depression groups. Results of factor analysis indicated that the model of ALS-SF was consistent with ALS-SF. The ALS-SF showed a solid validity and high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.861). In addition, each subscale of ALS-SF was significantly correlated with PHQ-9, GAD-7, and NEO-FFI neuroticism subscale, except for the anger subscale showed no significant correlation with PHQ-9. Besides, the depression/elation and anger factor scores in patients with BD depression were higher than in patients with MDD. Our study suggests that the Chinese version of ALS-SF has good reliability and validity for measuring affective lability in Chinese patients with mood disorders. Assessing affective lability would assist clinicians to distinguish between MDD and BP depression and may decrease the risks of misdiagnosis.

Analysis of the Relationship between Higher-Order Factor Structure of Personality Disorders and the Five-Factor Model of Personality.

The growing body of evidence on the dimensional classification of personality disorders (PD) has resulted in its acceptance in the ICD-11 classification, which abolished categories and retains only a general description of PD. Specifying the type of PD is optional, and the suggested domains represent maladaptive variants of the five-factor model of personality (FFM). The aim of our study was to explore the existence of a joint structure between maladaptive and normal personality traits, and to investigate how these structures are integrated. The study included 223 patients who had been diagnosed with PD and completed the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 Personality Disorders and the NEO Personality Inventory-Revised (NEO-PI-R). To determine the degree of overlap between PD domains and NEO PI-R scales, a canonical analysis of covariance was conducted. Our findings showed a relationship between the internalizing PD spectrum (consisting of avoidant, dependent, and borderline traits with detached and anankastic traits) and high neuroticism, low conscientiousness, and moderately low agreeableness and extroversion, suggesting the existence of a broad personality disorder factor. However, the internalizing dimensions exhibited a more pronounced effect within this construct. Furthermore, we identified a second function that demonstrated a link between the externalizing PD spectrum (including narcissistic, histrionic, and antisocial traits) and high extraversion, high openness, and low agreeableness, suggesting the existence of an externalizing factor. Overall, our findings provide evidence for a joint structure of maladaptive and normal personality traits in a sample of personality disorders and emphasize the importance of integrating the FFM model in PD evaluation in clinical practice, suggesting that differentiating between major subgroups could assist in adjusting therapeutic approaches.

Childhood maltreatment and late-life generalized anxiety disorder: Are personality and attachment characteristics mediators?

Childhood maltreatment and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) are related in adulthood. This association is not clear in the elderly. This work aims to investigate the role of adult attachment style and personality traits in the association between childhood maltreatment and late-life GAD. Our study sample consisted of 260 patients recruited into the Cerebral Aging Program of the city of Porto Alegre (Brazil) assessed between July 2015 and July 2016. A clinical interview using the Mini International Neuropsychiatry Interview 5.0 (DSM-5 criteria) yielded psychiatric diagnoses. Patients completed the childhood trauma questionnaire (CTQ) for maltreatment, the relationship scales questionnaire (RSQ) for adult attachment style and the Brazilian 60-item version of the NEO-Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) for personality characteristics. We aimed to examine, using sequential multimediation analysis, if attachment and personality traits style could be mediators between childhood maltreatment and GAD. 20% presented late-life GAD (n=52), 29% of whom had been maltreated. Neuroticism positively mediated and extraversion negatively mediated the relation between childhood maltreatment and late-life GAD. Attachment anxiety mediated this relation in a sequential way suggesting a path from childhood trauma through attachment and personality traits towards late-life GAD. The small sample and the retrospective and cross-sectional study design mean that causal conclusions must be interpreted with caution. Our results suggest a chronological path from childhood maltreatment to late-life GAD, passing through attachment anxiety predicting higher levels of neuroticism and lower levels of extraversion predicting late-life GAD.

Personality traits and perception of parenting: The comparative twin study from Germany and Serbia.

This study examines the aetiology of the relationship between personality traits and perceived parenting in light of cross-cultural differences. The sample consisted of 188 Serbian and 394 German twin pairs. Personality traits were measured using the NEO-personality inventory. A Blocks Environmental Questionnaire (BEQ) was applied to measure two dimensions of perceived parenting: support and organisation. Genetic factors account for 63-79% of the variance for BEQ dimensions in both samples, while around 50-60% of the variance in Big Five personality scores could be attributed to genetic factors. The exception was Neuroticism in the Serbian sample, where the genetic effect was somewhat smaller. The results indicated similar etiological pathways of the relationship between personality traits and perceived parenting, with some cultural differences related to Neuroticism and Extraversion. Negative Neuroticism-Support and positive Extraversion-Organisation environmental relationships were stronger in the Serbian sample. Genetic overlaps were more significant in the German sample, except for the relationship of Organisation with Conscientiousness and Extraversion. This indicates that the relationship between personality and perceived parenting is largely genetically mediated, but that the environmental effect may play an important role in individual adaptation to the family setting.

Death Anxiety During COVID-19 and its Related Factors among Chinese Elderly People.

This study aimed at investigating death anxiety and its related factors in Chinese elderly people during COVID-19. This study totally interviewed 264 participants from four cities in different regions of China. Death anxiety scale (DAS), NEO-Five-Factor Inventory (Neo-FFI) and Brief COPE were scored on the basis of one-on-one interviews. Quarantine experience didn't make significant difference in death anxiety among the elderly; Elderly people with high death anxiety had higher scores of neuroticism, and were more likely to use a Behavior Disengagement coping strategy; Multiple linear regression analysis showed that neuroticism, openness and COVID impact predicted 44.6% of the variance in the death anxiety among elderly people. The results support both theories of vulnerability-stress model and terror management theory (TMT). In the post-epidemic era, we suggest to pay attention to the mental health status of elderly people with personality susceptibility to handling the stress of infection badly.

Forgiving Behavior among Emerging Adults: The Influence of Religiosity and Spirituality and Personality Traits

The present study aims to examine the three important aspects of emerging adulthood, religiosity and spirituality, personality traits, and forgiveness which bring well-being benefits. It is hypothesized that religiosity and spirituality along with personality traits predict forgiveness among emerging adults. The Neo Five-Factor Inventory (NEO FFI), the Religiosity and Spirituality Scale for Youth (RaSSY), and the Heartland Forgiveness Scale (HFS) were administered to 364 female and 390 male emerging adults (n = 754; mean age = 21 years, SD = 14.88) selected through purposive sampling technique from colleges in Bangalore. Data were analyzed using correlational and hierarchical regression analysis. This study found that religiosity and spirituality and the Big Five personality traits positively correlated with forgiveness whereas all personality traits, except neuroticism, strongly predicted forgiveness more than religiosity and spirituality. These findings suggest that faith-based coping and religious social support in combination with personality traits help emerging adults practice forgiveness in their daily life, leading to further insight into the theories of forgiveness and well-being.

The relationship between women’s personality traits and addiction to social networking sites on the example of Facebook

IntroductionSocial network addicts may differ significantly from non-addicts in terms of personality traits, such as agreeableness, neuroticism, and conscientiousness. Addicts may be prone to negative emotions and unpleasant experiences, which may be associated with a higher level of neuroticism. Addicts often fail to cope in the real world, often experience negative emotions, quickly give up their goals, see themselves and others in a negative light, and escape into virtual reality. The virtual world is devoid of the anxiety that an individual faces in real life interactions, hence the tendency for addiction among people with higher levels of neuroticism. The primary cause of Internet Addiction may be innate temperamental traits (i.e., impulsiveness of behavior and impulsiveness of decisions) that influence the susceptibility to functional and chemical addictions. According to the concept of addictive personality, people who have this problem are prone to addiction as such, regardless of what they are addicted to.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to generally assess the degree of women’s dependence on social networking sites on the example of Facebook, taking into account personality traits according to the five-factor model of personality, the so-called Big Five by Costa and McCraeMethodsThe study included 556 women. This survey-based study was carried out using the questionnaire technique. The following research tools were used to analyze behavioral addictions in adult women: the Bergen Face- book Addiction Scale (BFAS), the NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO FFI) and the author’s questionnaire.ResultsAmong the surveyed women, 69.6% were average Facebook users, of whom 16.4% had scores indicating possible Facebook addiction, and 14.0% had scores indicating addiction. The higher the neuroticism, the more serious the Facebook addiction (r = 0.26; p &lt; 0.001; R2 = 6.7%). A weak negative correlation was obtained for the agreeableness subscale e (r = -0.08; p &lt; 0.05; R2 = 7.2%). A weak negative correlation was also obtained for the subscale of conscientiousness (r = -0.16; p &lt; 0.001; R2 = 2.6%). There was no statistically significant correlation between the log10 score obtained on the BFAS and the score on the NEO-FFI subscales of extraversion (r = 0.04; p = 0.40) and openness to experience (r = 0.04; p = 0.30).ConclusionsThe personality types of the studied women indicated relationships in terms of behavioral addictions. Women characterized by neuroticism showed stronger addiction to Facebook. Women characterized by high conscientiousness were at lower risk of behavioral addictions, while agreeableness as a personality trait significantly protected the surveyed women against Facebook addiction.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

Analysis of the relationship between personality traits and Internet addiction

Introduction Behavioral addictions are a growing problem in the society. Digital technologies are used by people of different ages, and their number is increasing every year. The precise reasons for the development of addictions remain unknown. In the case of behavioral addictions, especially Internet addiction, the significance of personality traits and behaviors predisposing an individual to addiction, such as depressiveness, anxiety, hostile attitude, aggression, impulsiveness, psychotic behaviors, shyness and self-esteem disorders, are emphasized. Personality predispositions play an essential role in Internet addiction. Objectives The aim of this study was a general assessment of the level of Internet addiction with regard to personality traits according to the Big Five model by Costa and McCrae among women from the West Pomeranian Voivodeship. Methods The study involved 556 women, whose average age was 34 years and who met the inclusion criteria: female sex, age of 18 years or above, place of residence in the West Pomeranian Voivodship, an informed consent for participation in the study, and completion of the set of questionnaires. The study was conducted using a diagnostic poll method with a questionnaire technique. To carry out the analysis both author’s own and standardized tools were used: the author’s questionnaire covering socio-demographic data, the NEO-Five Factor Inventory which assesses the levels of personality traits, and the Internet Addiction Test used to measure behaviors and characteristics related to compulsive use of the Internet. Results Most (70.9%) of the women were average users of the Internet, 25% of respondents were at risk of addiction, and the least numerous group of women (4.1%) was addicted to the Internet. Conscientiousness negatively correlated with Internet addiction (r = -0.22; p &lt; 0.001; R2 = 4.9%). Openness to experience was conducive to Internet addiction (r = 0.15; p &lt; 0.001; R2 = 11.1%). A positive link between neuroticism and Internet addictions was established (r = 0.33; p &lt; 0.001; R2 = 11.1%). No significant relationships between Internet addiction and extraversion (r = 0.03; p = 0.45) as well as agreeableness (r = -0.07; p = 0.10) were demonstrated. Conclusions The type of personality of the studied women implicated relationships to Internet addiction. Neuroticism might be a personality trait that particularly predisposes to an increased risk of Internet addiction. Openness to experience was conducive to Internet Addiction. Low levels of conscientiousness more often become addicted to the Internet. Disclosure of Interest None Declared