Nellore District Research Articles

Chickpea Varieties and Time of Sowing Effects on Growth and Yield under North-East Monsoon Influenced in Andhra Pradesh, India

Background: In Sri Potti Sriramulu Nellore district of Andhra Pradesh, India where North-East monsoon is predominant. During this season, chickpea crop sown during October to November 1st fortnight (FN) causing total crop loss due to high intensity rains in the changing climate scenario. In this context, there is a need for identification of suitable varieties of chickpea with ideal time of sowing for Sri Potti Sriramulu Nellore district under changing climatic situations to enhance the yields of chickpea. Methods: Field experiment was carried out during rabi 2019-20 at Agricultural Research Station, Podalakur (14°22°N latitude, 79°44°E longitude and 43 m above mean sea-level), Sri Potti Sriramulu Nellore district andhra Pradesh to identify the suitable chickpea variety and optimum time of sowing. The field experiment was laid out in Split plot design with 4 varieties of chickpea (V1: Nandyala gram-49, V2: Dheera, V3: Nandyala Senaga-1 and V4: JG-11) as main plot treatments and 3 time of sowings (D1: November 2nd FN, D2: December 1st FN, D3: December 2nd FN) as sub plot treatments in three replications. Result: Nandyala Senaga-1 and Dheera have taken more number days to 50% flowering and maturity. Crop sown on November 2nd FN took significantly more days (42.8) to bear 50% flowering and maturity, while the lowest number of days per 50% flowering and maturity was taken by December 2nd FN sown crop. Chickpea variety Nandyala Gram-49 recorded the highest grain yield (1491 kg ha-1), which was statistically on par with Nandyal Senaga-1 (1465 kg ha-1). The crop sown on November 2nd FN recorded significantly the highest grain yield (1462 kg ha-1), but which was statistically on par with December 1st FN (1424 kg ha-1) sown crop.

Prevalence of Different Attachment Styles in 9 to 12 years old School Children: A Cross-sectional Study

Introduction: Bowlby suggests that children develop internal working models in earlier stages depending on their attachment relationships with parents. In paediatric dental clinics, children tend to display various behaviours depending on their attachment style, which can affect the communication and treatment outcomes with the child dentist. Aim: To determine the prevalence of attachment styles in 9 to 12 years old school children and to assess the association of attachment styles with the age and gender of the children. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on a total of 384 school children aged 9 to 12 years, in the Nellore district using the cluster sampling method. Attachment styles were measured using a 15-item questionnaire developed from the Attachment Questionnaire for Children (AQ-C). The children were instructed and then asked to read and rate the extent to which each questionnaire item described themselves. Data were analysed statistically using the chi-square test for prevalence of attachment styles, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression analysis for age and gender associations. The level of significance was set at p≤0.05. Results: The study found that 64.10% (n=246) of all participants exhibited a secure attachment style, while 7% (n=27) and 28.9% (n=111) displayed avoidant and ambivalent attachment styles, respectively. Age showed a significant association with secure (p=0.006) and ambivalent (p=0.026) attachment styles. However, gender did not show any association with attachment styles. Conclusion: The study concluded that the secure attachment style was the most prevalent, followed by ambivalent and avoidant attachment styles, regardless of gender. Age was found to be significantly associated with secure and ambivalent attachment styles.

Sex ratio in Andhra Pradesh and India - An analysis of census data

Ever since the beginning of population data recording started in India, it was evident that there was always a deficit of women over men in number. Over the span of 110 years, this deficit of female population has increases, i.e., number of women per 1000 men has come down from 972 in 1901 to 933 in 2001 and after hundred years, it has started an increasing trend by 7 points i.e., to 940 in 2011. Andhra Pradesh has a starting figure of 985 females per 1000 males in the year 1901 while at the national level, the sex ratio was 972. This difference of a better than the national sex ratio was maintained all through the century. Five districts in Telangana region namely Medak, Hyderabad, Ranga Reddi, Mahabubnagar, Nalgonda, three districts in Rayalaseema region Kadapa, Kurnool and Anantapur and only Prakasam district from Andhra region still remain below the state average sex ratio in 2001 and 2011 Census. During 19812011, the child sex ratio has declined by 48 points in India. The census data indicates that the child sex ratio is faring better in Andhra Pradesh than that of all India level for the last six census years i.e., from 1961–2011. Rangareddi in Telangana region, Guntur and Nellore districts from coastal Andhra region were above the state average child sex ratio in 2011 and were below state average in 2001. There were nine districts ‘viz’ Hyderabad, Mahabubnagar, Nalgonda, Warangal, Prakasam, Kadapa, Kurnool, Anantapur and Chittoor districts came above the state average in 2011 and those were below the state average in 2001. As many as 264 (57%) mandals have reported below the State average (943) child sex ratio in Telangana region, 154 (38%) mandals in Coastal Andhra and 161 (69%) mandals found lowest child sex ratio in Rayalaseema region in 2011 Census.

Association of sugary food consumption, self-perception of dental health status, and dental health awareness with dental caries and gingivitis among rural school children aged 12 years – An analytical cross-sectional study in Nellore District, Andhra Pradesh, India, 2020

Association of sugary food consumption, self-perception of dental health status, and dental health awareness with dental caries and gingivitis among rural school children aged 12 years – An analytical cross-sectional study in Nellore District, Andhra Pradesh, India, 2020

Influence of Mother’s Oral Health Knowledge and Attitude on Primary Teeth among 1–6-year-old Children Attending Pediatric Hospital in Nellore District: A Cross-sectional Study

Introduction: Oral health in children plays an important role as it lays down the foundation for healthy permanent teeth. In children, primary teeth play an important role in eating, speech, and facial appearance and also as a perfect space maintainer for permanent teeth. Mother is the first teacher of the child and she is the one who will take care of the child, so knowledge regarding the importance of primary teeth is necessary. Aim: The present study aimed to assess the knowledge of mothers with children aged 1–6 years on primary teeth and their importance. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among the mothers of children between 1 and 6 years attending a pediatric hospital in Nellore for 3 months. A prevalidated closed-ended questionnaire consisting of 15 questions on the knowledge and attitude of mothers on primary teeth and the importance of visiting a dentist for regular dental checkup was given, and the responses were collected on the same day. Results: A total of 211 mothers participated in the study and filled the questionnaire, of which 65.4% are of the view that it is important to save an infected primary tooth, and among them, 60.2% agreed for treatment. About 41.7% responded that they visited a pediatrician when pain occurs and 51.7% believed that having too much sweets is the reason for tooth decay. Conclusion: This study concluded that the mothers of preschool children had partial knowledge of primary teeth and there is a need to improve the knowledge of the importance of primary teeth and regular dental checkup.

Does Egg Clutch Size Determine the Abundance of Indian Golden Gecko Calodactylodes aureus (Beddome 1870)? An Example from SPSR Nellore District, Andhra Pradesh, India

Does Egg Clutch Size Determine the Abundance of Indian Golden Gecko Calodactylodes aureus (Beddome 1870)? An Example from SPSR Nellore District, Andhra Pradesh, India

Review on initiation and evaluation of drug information services provide

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of drug information services provided in Nellore district. Materials and Methods: To provide unbiased drug information by modified systematic approach. Shows that Queries are received from various health care professionals through Hospital and classified as per educational status like Nutritionist, Lab technicians, social workers. More queries are received Nutritionist from hospital. Results: Results are predicted as Nutritionist (1.09%), lab technicians (1.09%), social worker (0.54%). Among the non-judgmental type, 25 queries were randomly selected and analyzed, 52%had a rating of 5 and 44% had a rating of 4. This indicates all responses satisfied the minimum acceptable level of quality. Non-judgmental responses did not require extensive searching and clinical judgment and thus the clinical pharmacist could answer such enquiries effectively. Conclusion: In our study we conclude that the pharmacists in other hospitals all over the Country would appreciate the value of their involvement in pharmaceutical care and attempt to extend their services for better patient care in the hospital.

An Analysis of the Agrochemicals Industry in SPSR Nellore District of Andhra Pradesh

The study entitled “An Analysis of Agrochemicals Industry in SPSR Nellore District of Andhra Pradesh” was taken up with basic objectives to study the competitors and the reason for the success of the top companies in the market. The study was conducted in the SPSR Nellore district of Andhra Pradesh. The stipulated objectives of the study were achieved by using both primary and secondary data. The primary survey was done with the help of a semi-structured Schedule. The sampling consisted of 210 farmers and 70 dealers who are from the major towns in the district. The major crop is Paddy as major parts of the district receive the rainfall with both southwest and northeast monsoon. Farmers are showing interest in pesticides which are giving more results than the price and availability. The major market of the district is occupied by Bayer Crop Science Ltd, Adama Ltd, Dhanuka Agritech Limited, FMC, and Corteva Agrisciences. The Total market size was nearly INR 250 crores. The reason for the success of Bayer crop Science Ltd and Adama Ltd is a strong distributor relationship. The reason for the success of Dhanuka Agritech Limited is due to the presence of more sales staff and their monitoring of sales by visiting shops at regular intervals.

Utilization Pattern of Weather Based Agro-advisory Services among the Farmers of Nellore District of Andhra Pradesh

The success or failure of agricultural production is determined mainly by weather as it effect on every phase of crop growth, development and yield. Weather abnormalities during the crop season, would affect the crop growth and finally the quality and quantity of the yield. The advent of forecasting technologies and decision-making skills have not yet spread among small and marginal farmers who constitute major part of farming community in the country. Now a step further the Indian Council of agricultural Research (ICAR) and India Meteorological Department (IMD jointly planned to provide Agrometeorological Advisory Services (AAS) at block level in every district in both English and local language across the country for the benefit of farming community by setting up of District Agro-Meteorological Units (DAMUs) in the premises of KVKs to provide AAS to farmers. To understand the utilization pattern of the mobile AAS offered by the DAMU by the Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK), Nellore, Andhra Pradesh a survey was conducted. Sample size of 150 respondents was selected by employing proportionate random sampling method. The survey was carried out in terms of dimensions viz., technology adoption, information processing behaviour, information storage behaviour and information sharing behaviour. Results of the survey showed that nearly two-third of the respondents adopted Pest management practices and harvesting time information disseminated through agromet advisory system. Medium level of information processing behaviour was seen among the 66% of respondents, 48% of the respondents have medium information storage behaviour and around three-fourth (74%) of the respondents have medium level of information sharing behaviour.

LIFE STYLE PRACTICES AND CHANGES OF INFERTILE COUPLES AS PART OF THEIR INFERTILITY TREATMENT:AN INTERVENTION THROUGH COUNSELLING

The problem of infertility is as old as civilization itself. In our society religious, cultural and social values are always glorified fertility and a childless marriage has been considered as a great misfortune for centuries. Traditionally infertility has been regarded as a women's problem and woman alone was blamed for childlessness.Only in the last 20- 30 years men have been included in the infertility testing and identified the male factor in the problem of infertility.The present paper is based on an empirical study carried out among the infertile couples to explore the experiences and lifestyle practices in Dr.Andal's Lakshmi Fertility Research &Laparoscopic Surgical Centre in Nellore district of Andhra Pradesh .The study confirmed that various counselling techniques followed by the hospital on infertile couples has an impact to reduce their stress and psychological problems in –turn helped them to conceive after treatment and successfully complete their pregnancy

A Retrospective Epidemiological Study on Bovine Haemorrhagic Septicaemia in Andhra Pradesh

A retrospective study was conducted on Bovine Haemorrhagic Septicaemia in Andhra Pradesh state with outbreak data available over half decade with an aim to focus on factors responsible for outbreaks even after regular implementation of biannual strategic vaccination programme. Since 2017, a total number of 29 outbreaks were confirmed by Isolation and Identification, biochemical tests and Polymerase chain reaction targeting KTT72 and KTSP61 genes of Pasturella multocida type B. Our epidemiological retrospective study showed Buffaloes are more susceptible than Cattle; Mortality rate was high when first time outbreak recorded; temporally incidence was reported more in December to February months due to reverse monsoon (South west) effect in Kadapa, Kurnool, Chittoor and Nellore districts of Andhra Pradesh.

RESEARCH STRUCTURE OF A STUDY ON MICRO FINANCE, FINANCIAL INCLUSION AND WOMEN EMPOWERMENT WITH REFERENCE TO SELECTED URBAN AREAS IN SRI POTTI SRIRAMULU NELLORE DISTRICT, ANDHRA PRADESH

Financial system of the country is backbone to the countrys growth. In the context of developing nations, a well-designed microfinance programme is seen as a successful institutional instrument for promoting socioeconomic development of economically disadvantaged sectors of society, particularly women. Women, in general, have difficulties obtaining institutional credit due to a lack of assets that may be used as security. Microfinance, as an alternate delivery method, focuses on women since women are more likely than males to be credit limited.The present paper is the blue print of the research entitled A study on micro finance, financial inclusion and women empowerment with reference to selected urban areas in Potti Sriramulu Nellore district, Andhra Pradesh.

When Women United: Anti-Arrack Campaign in Nellore District

When Women United: Anti-Arrack Campaign in Nellore District

When Women United: Anti-Arrack Campaign in Nellore District

When Women United: Anti-Arrack Campaign in Nellore District

Crop yield forecasting by long short‐term memory network with Adam optimizer and Huber loss function in Andhra Pradesh, India

SummaryIn recent times, crop yield prediction gains more attention among researchers communities to expand food production. In this article, an effort is done for crop yield prediction in Andhra Pradesh state (India), because AP highly contributes to the Indian economy. Especially, the crop yield prediction is done for Western Godavari, Prakasam, Guntur, Srikakulam, Krishna, Vizianagaram, Visakhapatnam, and Nellore districts of Andhra Pradesh (India) by estimating the rainfall based on the attributes: average temperature, minimum temperature, maximum temperature, precipitation, cloud cover, and velocity potential. After collecting the data from the Telangana agricultural report (2017–2018), the collected data are preprocessed utilizing the min‐max normalization technique, which is effective in preserving the relationship among data. The normalized data are classified using long short term memory network with Adam optimizer and Huber loss function. The proposed classifier has adaptive learning rates for dissimilar parameters by identifying the first and second‐moment gradient estimation so it has better computational effectiveness, unlike other classifiers. The proposed classifier predicts each site in the collected dataset into one of the three crops: rice, sugarcane, and onion. Finally, the agriculture experts validate the obtained results of the proposed model.

A study on suicidal tendency and their socio demographic profile among the patients attending the psychiatric outpatient department, tertiary care hospital, Nellore, SPSR Nellore district, Andhra Pradesh

Background: Suicide is one of the ten major causes of death in India. Intentional self-harm is also associated with long term risk for repeated attempts as well as death by suicide. Individuals differ in the degree to which risk and protective factors affect their propensity for engaging in suicidal behaviours. The present study seeks to explore about suicidal intent among the self-harm attempters.Methods: This was a hospital based cross-sectional study and includes both male and female patients attending the psychiatric outpatient department of government general hospital, Nellore. After obtaining the informed consent, the necessary data was obtained by a semi-structured interview schedule.Results: Descriptive analysis of the cases showed that those aged less than 30 years (49.3%), unmarried (52.0%), female subjects (52.0%), urban residents (51.3%) and those belonging to nuclear families (60.6%) were commonly involved. Organo-phosphorus poisoning was the commonly used method (30%). The psychological problems were the most common reason (40.0%) for attempting suicide. Mode of attempt, type of stress, existing physical illness and past psychiatric illness influenced the suicidal attempts.Conclusions: Gender specific differences were noted with regard to mode of attempt, type of stressors, physical illness, and past psychiatric illness. Young age groups are vulnerable for suicide. Identifying risk factors helps to design interventions to prevent further attempts.

A study on suicidal tendency and co-morbidities among the patients attending the psychiatric outpatient department, tertiary care hospital, Nellore, SPSR Nellore district, Andhra Pradesh

Background: Suicide is one of the ten major causes of death in India. Intentional self-harm is also associated with long term risk for repeated attempts as well as death by suicide. Individuals differ in the degree to which risk and protective factors affect their propensity for engaging in suicidal behaviors. The present study seeks to explore about suicidal intent among the self-harm attempters.Methods: This was a hospital based cross-sectional study and includes both male and female patients attending the psychiatric outpatient department. After obtaining the informed consent and socio-demographic information, they were evaluated with semi-structured proforma.Results: Descriptive analysis of the cases shows that 56 (46.6%) of age group between 31-40 years are commonly affected. Among the study subjects 79 (65.8%) attempters had no psychiatric illness for attempt and 41 (34.2%) subjects with past psychiatric illness, OP poisoning being the common method in 40 (33.3%) of attempters. In this study 80 (66.6%) of people did not have co-morbid conditions, drug dependency (alcohol dependence) was 20 (16.6%) and others are 20 (16.6%).Conclusions: The suicidal attempts are more in females than males and it is also common in nuclear families, rural areas and individuals with past psychological problems. In this study suicidal attempts were more common among the people not suffering any other co morbid condition.

An Analysis of Shrimp Culture Business in Nellore District, Andhra Pradesh, India

The study was taken to analyse the Shrimp Culture Business in Nellore district, Andhra Pradesh. The performance of the shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) culture business in terms of production, marketing, finance and also constraints faced by shrimp culture farmers was analysed. Aquaculture farmers were classified into small (1-2 ha), semi-medium (2-4 ha), medium (4-10 ha) and large farmers (>10 ha). The results revealed that the average gross income earned was Rs.31.91 lakh/ha/crop, Rs. 31.73 lakh/ha/crop, Rs. 31.79 lakh/ha/crop and Rs.32.57 lakh/ha/crop by small, semi-medium, medium and large farmers respectively. The net income per hectare per crop for large farmers (Rs.13.07 lakh) was highest followed by medium (Rs. 11.8 lakh), semi medium (Rs. 11.1 lakh) and small (Rs.10.42 lakh) shrimp culture farmers. Break-even prices revealed that small, semi-medium, medium and large farmers can choose to price one kg of shrimp above Rs. 256, Rs. 247, Rs. 239, and Rs. 228 respectively. The profitability ratio showed that Gross profit margin and net profit margin for large farmers were high when compared to small, semi-medium, medium and large farmers. Non-availability of good quality seeds and the high cost of feed were the major problems faced by the farmers in production. Fluctuations in shrimp price and insufficient market information were major marketing constraints faced by the farmers in marketing of shrimp.

A Review on Taxonomy and Allied Issues in <I>Cycas beddomei</I> Dyer, a Narrow Endemic from the Southern Eastern Ghats, India

Cycas beddomei Dyer is known from the Cuddapah, Chittoor, and Nellore districts of Andhra Pradesh. Its habitats are confined to the southern Eastern Ghats in these districts at specified elevations. Issues concerning its identity, typification, distribution, conservation and CITES status are reviewed. Its IUCN red list status is reassessed. The population size of the mature individuals was estimated at 2.05 lakhs; the AOO was 36. 10 sq km (3610 ha) and EOO at 1768 sq km. The species was designated under the “Endangered” category. The species is well adapted to frequent forest fires with its well-established underground stem, a unique feature, not seen in the other cycads.Â

Response of Super Early Varieties of Pigeonpea to Crop Geometry under Rainfed Conditions

Background: In Sri Potti Sriramulu Nellore district of Andhra Pradesh long duration varieties of pigeonpea (160-180 days) is grown during rabi under rainfed conditions. Late or advancement of north east monsoon, prolonged breaks and early cessation of rainfall may have devastating effects on pigeonpea yield in rainfed areas of Sri Potti Sriramulu Nellore district, Andhra Pradesh even if the mean annual rainfall is normal. In this context, there is a need for introduction of suitable super early varieties of pigeonpea which are ideal even under changing climatic situations, with suitable crop geometry to enhance the yields of pigeonpea. Method: A field experiment was conducted during rabi, 2018-19 and 2019-20 at Agricultural Research Station, Podalakur, Sri Potti Sriramulu Nellore andhra Pradesh, to find out the suitable super early variety of pigeonpea and their response to different crop geometries. The present field experiment was laid out in a split plot design with 4 varieties of pigeonpea (V1: ICPL 20338; V2: ICPL 20325; V3: ICPL 11255; V4: LRG 52) as main plot treatments and 3 crop geometries (S1: 30 cm x 15 cm; S2: 45 cm x 15 cm); S3: 60 cm x 15 cm) as subplot treatments and replicated thrice. Results: Super early variety ICPL- 20325 recorded the highest mean grain yield (1098 kg ha-1) among the four varieties of pigeonpea tested. Among the three crop geometries tested significantly the highest grain yield (930 kg ha-1) was recorded at 45 cm x 15 cm. Super early varieties ICPL- 20325 (1256 kg ha-1), ICPL- 11255 (930 kg ha-1) and ICPL- 20338 (817 kg ha-1) recorded higher mean grain yield at crop geometry of 45 cm x 15 cm. LRG-52 (996 kg ha-1) variety recorded higher grain yield at crop geometry of 60 cm x 15 cm.