Negotiation Of Issues Research Articles

“Remember, or now know”: Chang-rae Lee’s Native Speaker and the Politics of Melancholia

While the extensive criticism on Chang-rae Lee's 1995 novel Native Speaker (which upon its publication immediately became the most successful Korean American novel of all time) has not failed to assess the novel's negotiation of issues of ethnicity and identity, as well as of the possibilities and pitfalls of political enfranchisement, it has generally concluded that in the last analysis, Native Speaker despairs of the possibility of political change. By paying attention to the (ostensibly apolitical) question of how the novel deals with strategies for coping with personal loss, with histories of dispossession, and with social injuries, this essay argues that the political significance of the novel lies in its dismissal of a melancholic conception of political agency and its concomitant recognition of the need to develop adequately explanatory social narratives for coming to terms with experiences of loss (a process that is related to Freud's notion of mourning). As such, the novel undertakes a wide-ranging critique of the recuperation of melancholia as an adequate ethico-political posture in critical theory in the last quarter century.

Multiple Representation in Learning About Evaporation

There has been extensive research on children’s understanding of evaporation, but representational issues entailed in this understanding have not been investigated in depth. This study explored three students’ engagement with science concepts relating to evaporation through various representational modes, such as diagrams, verbal accounts, gestures, and captioned drawings. This engagement entailed students (a) clarifying their thinking through exploring representational resources; (b) developing understanding of what these representations signify; and (c) learning how to construct representational aspects of scientific explanation. The study involved a sequence of classroom lessons on evaporation and structured interviews with nine children, and found that a focus on representational challenges provided fresh insights into the conceptual task involved in learning science. The findings suggest that teacher‐mediated negotiation of representational issues as students construct different modal accounts can support enriched learning by enabling both (a) richer conceptual understanding by students; and (b) enhanced teacher insights into students’ thinking.

(Re)examining whiteness in sport psychology through autonarrative excavation

After an introductory of the recent work in whiteness studies, in this paper, I revisit the issue of whiteness in sport psychology and critique my earlier, overly optimistic, assessment of future confrontations with white racial identity and privilege in the field. In addition to theoretical and empirical work in critical race studies and whiteness studies and its application to sport contexts, I draw from the recent work within and outside of sport psychology on autoethnography and present several brief autoethnographic vignettes that illustrate moments of tension in my own negotiation of issues related to whiteness and privilege as an early career academic teaching and doing research in sport psychology and sport sociology. Following the work of Smith and Sparkes (2009), I attempt to write in varying styles and voices to engage the reader on multiple levels. I conclude with an attempt to tie these narratives to larger issues of pedagogy and possibilities as they relate to an active, progressive, anti‐racist mode of addressing whiteness and sport psychology

Making camp: rhetorics of transgression in U.S. popular culture

This title presents the rhetorical power of in American popular culture. Making Camp examines the rhetoric and conventions of camp in contemporary popular culture and the ways it both subverts and is co-opted by mainstream ideology and discourse, especially as it pertains to issues of gender and sexuality.Camp has long been aligned with gay male culture and performance. Helene Shugart and Catherine Waggoner contend that in the popular media - whether visual, dramatic, or musical - is equally pervasive. While aesthetic and performative in nature, the authors argue that - female in particular - is also highly political and that conventions of femininity and female sexuality are negotiated, if not always resisted, in female performances.The authors draw on a wide range of references and figures representative of camp, both historical and contemporary, in presenting the evolution of female and its negotiation of gender, political, and identity issues. Antecedents such as Joan Crawford, Wonder Woman, Marilyn Monroe, and Pam Grier are discussed as archetypes for contemporary popular culture figures - Macy Gray, Gwen Stefani, and the characters of Xena from Xena: Warrior Princess and Karen Walker from Will and Grace.Shugart and Waggoner find that these and other female performances are liminal, occupying a space between conformity and resistance. The result is a study that demonstrates the prevalence of as a historical and evolving phenomenon in popular culture, its role as a site for the rupture of conventional notions of gender and sexuality, and how is configured in mainstream culture in ways that resist its being reduced to merely a style.

Developing health systems research capacities through north-south partnership: An evaluation of collaboration with South Africa and Thailand

BackgroundOver the past ten years, calls to strengthen health systems research capacities in low and middle income countries have increased. One mechanism for capacity development is the partnering of northern and southern institutions. However, detailed case-studies of north-south partnerships, at least in the domain of health systems research, remain limited.This study aims to evaluate the partnerships developed between the Health Economics and Financing Programme of the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine and three research partners in South Africa and Thailand to strengthen health economics-related research capacity.MethodsData from programme documents were collected over five years to measure quantitative indicators of capacity development. Qualitative data were obtained from 25 in-depth interviews with programme staff from South Africa, Thailand and London.Results and DiscussionFive years of formal partnership resulted in substantial strengthening of individual research skills and moderate instituonalised strengthening in southern partner institutions. Activities included joint proposals, research and articles, staff exchange and post-graduate training. In Thailand, individual capacities were built through post-graduate training and the partner institution developed this as part of a package aimed at retaining young researchers at the institution. In South Africa, local post-graduate teaching programs were strengthened, regular staff visits/exchanges initiated and maintained and funding secured for several large-scale, multi-partner projects. These activities could not have been achieved without good personal relationships between members of the partner institutions, built on trust developed over twenty years. In South Africa, a critical factor was the joint appointment of a London staff member on long-term secondment to one of the partner institutions.ConclusionAs partnerships mature the needs of partners change and new challenges emerge. Partners' differing research priorities (national v international; policy-led v academic-led) need to be balanced and equitable funding mechanisms developed recognising the needs and constraints faced by both southern and northern partners. Institutionalising partnerships (through long-term development of trust, engagement of a broad range of staff in joint activities and joint appointment of staff), and developing responsive mechanisms for governing these partnerships (through regular joint negotiation of research priorities and funding issues), can address these challenges in mutually acceptable ways. Indeed, by late 2005 the partnership under scrutiny in this paper had evolved into a wider consortium involving additional partners, more explicit mechanisms for managing institutional relationships and some core funding for partners. Most importantly, this study has shown that it is possible for long-term north-south partnership commitments to yield fruit and to strengthen the capacities of public health research and training institutions in less developed countries.

THE ELEPHANT SHOOTING: COLONIAL LAW AND INDIRECT RULE IN KAOKO, NORTHWESTERN NAMIBIA, IN THE 1920s AND 1930s

ABSTRACTThe law as a means of sociopolitical control in colonial states has gained significance as an issue in the recent historiography of Africa. This article discusses the making of a criminal case in colonial Kaoko, northwestern Namibia in the 1920s and 30s. It focuses on the problem of African voice and narrative and the ways in which they have been transformed into written evidence in the course of legal investigation. It demonstrates that the archival documents which emerged from this case require careful methodological scrutiny if they are to be used for the reconstruction of the region's past. It goes beyond colonial law as constituting a particular discourse to conceive colonial law as a space for intervention and agency for both colonized and colonizers. The central argument raised in the article is that while the South African administration in northwestern Namibia allegedly aimed at prosecuting culprits and securing evidence for their transgressions, men and women in Kaoko used colonial law as an arena for the negotiation of social and political issues. Concerned with the case's impact on the configuration of gender, the article shows how colonial law became both a site of male representation and power, and a space for female contestation of male claims to sociopolitical mastery.

An analysis of business issues in a telestroke project

A telehealth network based at the Medical College of Georgia was established in 2003 to treat stroke patients in remote hospitals. In the first three years, more than 400 patients were evaluated at nine rural hospitals. A total of 65 patients (16%) were treated with tissue plasminogen activator (approximately half of them in less than 2 h). Although clinically successful, the system reached the point at which it would either further diffuse or die out. We examined the roles played by internal and external factors in the development of the system. We interviewed 25 individuals in five hospitals (the hub hospital and four rural hospitals). Important business issues were identified that would need to be addressed in order to expand the project and make it self-sustaining. The external factors were economic, legal and market issues. The internal factors were organizational, technical and educational issues. Early identification and negotiation of business issues related to project implementation are likely to be important in diffusion and sustainability.

Representational Issues in Students Learning About Evaporation

This study draws on recent research on the central role of representation in learning. While there has been considerable research on students’ understanding of evaporation, the representational issues entailed in this understanding have not been investigated in depth. The study explored students’ engagement with evaporation phenomena through various representational modes. The study indicates how a focus on representation can provide fresh insights into the conceptual task involved in learning science through an investigation of students’ responses to a structured classroom sequence and subsequent interviews over a year. A case study of one child’s learning demonstrates the way conceptual advances are integrally connected with the development of representational modes. The findings suggest that teacher-mediated negotiation of representational issues as students construct different modal accounts can support enriched learning by enabling both (a) richer conceptual understanding by students, and (b) enhanced teacher insights into students’ thinking.

The developmental psychopathology of self-injurious behavior: Compensatory regulation in posttraumatic adaptation

This article utilizes a developmental psychopathology framework to explicate one pathway, originating in childhood traumatic experience, toward the development of self-injurious behavior (SIB). The descriptive psychopathology of SIB is summarized first, followed by an overview of theoretical interpretations of SIB within psychoanalytic, neo-analytic, behavioral, and biological paradigms. Building on these empirical and theoretical foundations, a developmental psychopathology framework is used to model the development of SIB in the aftermath of childhood traumatic experience, particularly maltreatment. In this model, maltreatment undermines positive adaptation at motivational, attitudinal, instrumental, emotional, and/or relational levels of competence. In turn, vulnerabilities in the child's adaptive resources necessitate the application of alternative regulatory and relational strategies, such as self-injury, to the negotiation of contemporaneous and prospective developmental issues. The article concludes with a discussion of the empirical and clinical implications of a developmental understanding of SIB as a compensatory regulatory strategy in posttraumatic adaptation.

Self-Reconstruction and Biographical Revisioning: Survival Following Cancer in Childhood or Adolescence

Narratives of long-term survival reveal a social process involving complex negotiation of identity issues, future planning and future health concerns which enables survivors to combine both fear and hope in order to develop ideas about an imagined future. Young men and women provided personal accounts, and central to their stories are efforts at biographical revisioning and self-reconstruction, which illustrate that long-term survival throws into question conventional temporal securities and predictable trajectories of self-development. Here, I present my notion of the ‘consciousness of survival’ and outline features of a further concept of ‘successful survival’. These terms relate to an ontological process in which the survivor can use illness, survival, living in a remission society and late effects of treatment as a medium for the creation of new relationships to self and others, and to learn about the world we create and inhabit. Gender and cultural background affect enactment of this process.

Family and Work: Implications of Adult Attachment Styles

This study examined the role of adult attachment style in meeting the challenges of both work and family roles for parents of young children. Theory suggests that secure attachment provides a basis for successful negotiation of issues of intimacy and exploration—for adults, family, and work. Using a large sample of adults in committed relationships, studied longitudinally, we assessed satisfaction with work, satisfaction with family, stress, and role overload. Results indicated that most parents, particularly those with secure attachment styles, are able to function in multiple domains successfully. However, women and men with fearful attachment styles, characterized by views that the self is unlovable and others are untrustworthy, have marked difficulty in many family domains and some work domains. Functioning of parents with dismissing and preoccupied attachment styles fell between that of secure and fearful.

Family and Work: Implications of Adult Attachment Styles

This study examined the role of adult attachment style in meeting the challenges of both work and family roles for parents of young children. Theory suggests that secure attachment provides a basis for successful negotiation of issues of intimacy and exploration—for adults, family, and work. Using a large sample of adults in committed relationships, studied longitudinally, we assessed satisfaction with work, satisfaction with family, stress, and role overload. Results indicated that most parents, particularly those with secure attachment styles, are able to function in multiple domains successfully. However, women and men with fearful attachment styles, characterized by views that the self is unlovable and others are untrustworthy, have marked difficulty in many family domains and some work domains. Functioning of parents with dismissing and preoccupied attachment styles fell between that of secure and fearful.

Attachment Style, Assertive Communication, and Safer‐Sex Behavior1

This research tested the proposition that the effect of attachment security on safer‐sex practice may be mediated by communication patterns. One hundred eighty‐five undergraduate students completed questionnaire measures of attachment, assertiveness, and attitudes to communication about AIDS. Eight weeks later, they reported on their practice of safer sex in the period since the first testing session. Hierarchical regressions showed that at Step I, anxiety about relationships (a measure of insecure attachment) was associated with less safer‐sex practice, for all outcome measures. Attitudes to communication about AIDS added to the prediction of general reports of safer‐sex practice: in line with the mediational model, anxiety about relationships became unimportant as a predictor when communication variables were included. Communication variables failed to add to the prediction of safer sex on the most recent encounter, and both anxiety about relationships and attitudes to communication about AIDS predicted condom use. Some gender differences in patterns of prediction were noted. The results are discussed in terms of attachment style and its links with the negotiation of sexual practice and relationship issues.

Personhood and illness among the Kulina.

This article offers both a contribution to the ethnography of ethnomedicine among the Kulina Indians of western Amazonia--a region in which there has been little ethnomedical research--and an extended illustration of the value of the concept of "personhood" in the analysis of ethnomedical beliefs and practices. I argue that the current medical anthropological fixation on the Body is neither good ethnography nor productive theory, and I use the Kulina example to illustrate how the cultural dimensions of personhood provide a more satisfactory framework for the understanding of illness. Kulina conceptions of illness are closely linked to the substances and processes through which personhood is acquired, expressed, and transformed. I consider the two major categories of illness in Kulina ethnomedicine, and focus special attention on the more serious of these: potentially fatal illnesses that are linked to witchcraft and to the violations of prohibitions. I suggest how these illnesses serve as languages for the simultaneous negotiation of social issues and personhood.

Ambition-limited, problem-focused brief marital therapy

Abstract In this atheoretical therapy model, treatment is limited to six to eight sessions and focuses on special problems raised by the couple and on the couple's capacity to react positively to clinical suggestions. Each partner is asked to state separately their commitment to the marriage and to justify the single quality or behavioral change that would be necessary to make the marriage acceptable to them. The partners meet separately with the therapist for one session and then select one essential issue to work on in therapy. Highlights of this therapy model include homework assignments, negotiation of conflict issues, communication training, and free expression of feelings.

An integrative approach to clinical assessment and intervention with Asian-American adolescents

Straddling multiple cultures, the Asian-American adolescent is confronted with the complex task of integrating the mainstream culture, the ethnic culture of origin, and the culture of adolescence. Core developmental issues far these youth, such as identity formation and acculturation, are complicated by conflicting cultural values and status as a minority person of color. The negotiation of these developmental issues is often an antecedent to psychologica1 problems. The assessment of these clinical problems is facilitated by an integrative ecological approach that bridges standard and ethnocultural assessment strategies. In this article, a detailed discussion of this integrative assessment and intervention, representing a blend of the cultures, is presented. This intervention builds upon the concepts of cultural bridging, reframing, and brokering, while simultaneously considering the interplay of sociocontextual and developmental factors in the clinical presentation.

Social interaction: Dynamic matrix for developing behavioral organization

The process of early development is described as the sequential negotiation of hierarchical issues or organism differentiation and integration, embedded in the interaction of infant and caregiver.