Neglected Research Articles

Project management in the international aid sector: the perspective of Italian NGOs

In recent years, the project management field has received increasing attention, in terms of both practical implementation and research. However, unlike other sectors, project management practice in the field of international humanitarian aids seems to be neglected. In this context, the current paper illustrates an empirical study on international development projects performed by Italian non-governmental organizations. The aim of the paper is to investigate the use of PM tools in humanitarian aid projects and the relationship between critical success factors and project success. The necessary data were gathered through a questionnaire and statistical methods were subsequently implemented for the data analysis.

Medical Neglect as a Contributor to Poorly Controlled Asthma in Childhood.

Child maltreatment, including medical neglect, is a frequent contributor to the development of asthma as well as a barrier to its proper management. This article aims to review the role of medical neglect as a contributor to poor asthma control. Medical neglect can present as failure of the caretaker to recognize severe asthma symptoms in a child, non-adherence to medical management, failure to prevent chronic exposure to allergens or tobacco smoke, poor child nutrition leading to obesity, and allowing a young child to manage his/her illness without supervision. This article will explore the different factors leading to medical neglect (as illustrated by two cases) and suggest possible interventions aiming to prevent emergency department visits, hospitalizations, and asthma-related deaths.

Making EEG Experiments Retrievable for Research Purpose: The Preliminary Experience of Standardization of EEG Data in Iranian Brain Mapping Biobank

Background: Increasing technological advances in the field of biological signal recording, along with diverse available data storage and sharing facilities, has made it much easier for researchers to access extensive biological data for use in their studies. Today, data once recorded in a study can be repeatedly reused by other researchers through access to shared databases. Access to biosignal pools, on the one hand, can save considerable energy and reduce costs by preventing duplicate studies. On the other hand, it improves opportunities for meta-analysis and in-depth studies using diverse datasets with greater statistical power, which provides more reliable results, as well as new insights into biological issues. However, the lack of some agreed-upon data standardization and consistency across the research community creates some barriers to reusing data. Data from different studies often have different formats and structures, which may impose extensive data reformatting for meta-analysis and comparative studies. Moreover, there is no standardized structure for organizing biosignals-associated information (e.g. subject demographics or recording technical information) throughout the research community, which may impair subsequent data reporting and analysis due to the lack of some necessary information. Objectives: In this article, we briefly report on the efforts made by the Iranian Brain Mapping Biobank (IBMB) to develop a standardized format and structure for recording and archiving electroencephalography (EEG) signals. Methods: In the process of developing a new EEG data structure in IBMB, we focused on three main issues, as follows: (1) what information should be combined with EEG signals as metadata? There is still no agreement on the content of EEG metadata. Thus, in many cases, the recording of information needed for subsequent EEG signal analysis is neglected. By reviewing the international guidelines on EEG performing and reporting (e.g. [1, 2]) along with by consulting the experts from various fields, we proposed a structured template for recording EEG metadata. (2) Which file format is best suited for storing EEG data? To date, many different data formats for storing EEG have been introduced (e.g. EDF, GDF, and TXT). These formats differ in terms of data type, combined metadata content, storage structure, and storage requirements (for an overview see [3]). Although some of these formats are widely accepted, there is no comprehensive format that can meet all the requirements. The format considered by IBMB addresses the needs for a basic format, which is compact while it can save numerical data with high precision, can be easily used in popular processing applications, and can accommodate the suggested EEG metadata. (3) How to organize EEG datasets structurally? The brain imaging data structure (BIDS) project [4] and EEG study schema (ESS) [5] are among a few recently important efforts to create an infrastructure for structured EEG storage. In line with such efforts, we developed a new hierarchical data structure to store EEG data, which can facilitate EEG data retrieval and sharing. Findings: IBMB has developed a customized EEG header consisting of 60 elements, including subject demographics, and data technical information, which covers data syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic aspects. This metadata combined with EEG is organized into three main hierarchical levels of Study, Session, and Task, corresponding to the same levels of physical EEG storage. Conclusion: We introduced a new EEG data structure hierarchy and file content with embedded header information. This data structure encompasses all the information needed for reporting and analyzing EEG; thus, it can facilitate EEG data reuse, as well as large-scale analysis. We propose this approach for archiving EEG datasets in research-oriented EEG repositories.

Qualitative research onhypoglycemia risk prevention self-attitude in diabetes mellitus patients

Objective To explore the hypoglycemia risk prevention self-attitude in diabetes mellitus patients so as to provide a basis for medical staff to participate in hypoglycemia risk prevention. Methods From February 2019 to March 2019, we selected 15 patients with diabetes mellitus at a ClassⅢ Grade A diabetes specialized hospital by purposive sampling to carry out semi-structured interview. Interview data were analyzed with the Colazizzi phenomenology seven-step method. Results After analyzing interview data, a total of four themes were refined including neglect, fluke, contradiction and puzzle as well as unbalanced focus. Conclusions Diabetes mellitus patients puzzle about and are not active in hypoglycemia risk prevention, and they don't implement positive and effective hypoglycemia risk prevention. Medical staff should strengthen hypoglycemia education and help patients develop a positive attitude with hypoglycemia risk to reduce the hypoglycemia risk. Key words: Diabetes mellitus; Hypoglycemia risk; Attitude; Qualitative interview

The mass: A neglected plastic sign of sculpture

The mass: A neglected plastic sign of sculpture

Influence of neglect and abuse by parents on the emotional problems of youth: The Mediating Effect of Self-esteem and relationship with teacher

Influence of neglect and abuse by parents on the emotional problems of youth: The Mediating Effect of Self-esteem and relationship with teacher

A WKB approach to the quantum multiband electron dynamics in the kinetic formalism

We derive a WKB-like asymptotic expansion of the multiband Wigner function. The model, derived in the envelope function theory, is designed to describe the dynamics in semiconductor devices when the interband conduction-valence transition cannot be neglected. We derive a hierarchy of equations that to lowest order consist of two HamiltonJacobi equations corresponding to the classical dynamics of point particles with positive and negative kinetic energy. Our methodology is based on the Van Vleck approach and a WKB-like asymptotic expansion procedure is used to reduce the numerical complexity of the Wigner multiband evolution system. An approximate closed-form solution is obtained by an iterative procedure that exploits the different time scales on which the intraband and interband dynamical variables evolve. The interband tunneling mechanism appearing to the first order of the expansion is expressed in a very simple mathematical form. By exploiting the highly oscillating behaviour of the multiband Wigner functions we derive a asymptotic expression of the interband transition probability. The resulting formulation reveals particularly close to the classical description of the particles motion and this formal analogy is useful to gain new physical insight and to profit of the numerical method developed for classical systems. The approximates evolution equations are used to simulate the evolution of the Wigner quasi-distribution function in a IRTD diode.

Research progress on ataxia-telangiectasia

Ataxia-telangiectasia (AT) is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder resulting from ataxia-telangiectasia mutated(ATM) gene mutation.ATM involved in DNA repair.ATM is made up of 66 exons.Its mutation forms are complex, including nonsense mutation, missense mutation, shear site mutation, insertion and deletion, etc.The patients are characterized by progressive cerebellar atrophy and ataxia, disturbance of eye movement, telangiectasia and dystonia, a high risk of cancer and immunodeficiency.These patients are also hypersensitive to radiotherapy.AT is often neglected at the early stage.As pediatricians, we should pay attention to early ataxia and conduct genetic testing as early as possible to avoid radiation exposure. Key words: Ataxia; Telangiectasia; Ataxia-telangiectasia mutated gene; Research progress

Repeated epistaxis caused by primary hyperparathyroidism with multiple brown tumors: One case report

To report the clinical, imaging and pathological feature of a case of primary hyperparathyroidism(PHPT) with multiple brown tumors whose complain was repeated epistaxis, and to conduct a retrospective analysis with relevant literatures. A postmenopausal middle-aged woman, with a history of joint pain, fracture, and kidney stone which were neglected due to the lack of specificity of symptoms for years, went to hospital due to repeated epistaxis. Laboratory results showed high blood calcium, hypophosphatemia, alkaline phosphatase(ALP), and parathyroid hormone(PTH) levels, as well as increased urinary calcium. Imaging examination showed systemically multiple brown tumors and extensive osteoporosis. Meanwhile an abnormal mass was found behind the right thyroid. Taking all findings into account, the diagnosis was made with PHPT, and the histopathology further confirmed that the lesion was a parathyroid adenoma. This case seems to be a rare case of multiple brown tumor caused by parathyroid adenoma, which compressed and destructed nasal blood vessels, thus induced a repeated nasal discharge. After resection of parathyroid adenoma, the patient experienced a transient hypocalcemia and PTH level elevation. After 5-month follow up, part of the brown tumors spontaneously regressed, bone density increased, and her clinical symptoms were mostly relieved. Key words: Primary hyperparathyroidism; Parathyroid adenoma; Brown tumor; Epistaxis

Significance of amebiasis: 10 reasons why neglecting amebiasis might come back to bite us in the gut.

Significance of amebiasis: 10 reasons why neglecting amebiasis might come back to bite us in the gut.

INFLUENCE OF PARENTAL LEVEL OF EDUCATION ON THEIR INVOLVEMENT IN PRE-SCHOOL CHILDREN’S EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES IN SIKALAME ZONE, SIAYA COUNTY, KENYA

Parental involvement in pre-school education still remains questionably low when it comes to promoting pre-school children’s education amidst the diverse family backgrounds in the current generation. Parents have shown mild and inconsistent involvement in their children’s educational activities leading to poor academic achievement. Sikalame zone which is the location of this study has been facing challenges of low community and parental involvement which has contributed to the neglect of early childhood development centers. The study therefore aimed at finding out the extent of parental involvement in pre-school activities and establishing the influence of parents’ level of education on their involvement in pre-school activities. The study was guided by Joyce Epstein theory of parental involvement. Descriptive research design was adopted for this study. The study had a target population of 42 preschool teachers and 450 parents with preschool children in Sikalame zone. All the teachers of the selected pre-schools were involved in the study. A simple random sampling technique was carried out to select 90 parents who were included in the sample, resulting to a total sample size of 126 respondents. Questionnaires for both teachers and parents were used to collect data. Collected data was analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively. The analyzed data were presented using bar-graphs, tables and pie charts. Findings revealed that majority of parents did not get involved in their children academic activities and rarely assisted their children with homework implying that parents were not fully engaged in their children’s education. The chi-square test results showed that the level of involvement in the children’s education had significant association with parent’s level of education. The study concluded that parents’ level of education influenced their involvement in preschool education in Sikalame zone. The study recommended that there is need for the preschool administrators to provide some form of training to parents, so that their involvement will have a meaningful impact on the children’s development. Article visualizations:

Geriatrics 2030: Developing Drugs to Care for Older Persons-A Neglected and Growing Population.

Geriatrics 2030: Developing Drugs to Care for Older Persons-A Neglected and Growing Population.

Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Desa Singawada Melalui Peningkatan Nilai Sampah Plastik dalam Usaha Menyebarkan Kesadaran Akan Pentingnya Kelestarian Lingkungan

The high volume of waste production and the absence of a Temporary Waste Disposal Site (TPS) in Singawada Village has resulted in neglect and accumulation of rubbish on riverbanks and on public roads. Conventional waste processing is no longer adequate, and therefore other methods of processing are needed. As a solution, training was held to process plastic waste from wasted goods into useful handicraft items which also have economic value. It was also helped that housewives who were the targets of this training could take advantage of their spare time by making crafts from plastic waste while also getting additional income. Through direct practice, it has been proven that processing plastic waste into handicrafts is able to reduce the total volume of plastic waste production seen in landfills.
 Abstrak
 Tngginya volume produksi sampah serta ketiadaan Tempat Pembuangan Sampah Sementara (TPS) di Desa Singawada menyebabkan tidak terurus dan menumpuknya sampah di pinggiran sungai maupun bahu jalan umum. Pengolahan sampah secara konvensional sudah tidak memadai, dan oleh karenanya dibutuhkan cara pengolahan lain. Sebagai solusi, diadakan pelatihan pengolahan sampah plastik dari barang terbuang menjadi barang kerajinan bermanfaat yang sekaligus juga memiliki nilai ekonomi. Para ibu rumah tangga yang merupakan sasaran dari pelatihan inipun terbantu karena mereka dapat memanfaatkan waktu luang dengan membuat kerajinan dari sampah plastik sekaligus juga mendapatkan penghasilan tambahan. Melalui praktek langsung, terbukti bahwa pengolahan sampah plastik menjadi kerajinan ini mampu mengurangi total volume produksi limbah plastik yang terlihat di pembuangan sampah.

Silencing Prisoner Protests: Criminology, Black Women and State-sanctioned Violence

Protests and resistance from those locked away in jails, prisons and detention centers occur but receive limited, if any, mainstream attention. In the United States and Canada, 61 instances of prisoner unrest occurred in 2018 alone. In August of the same year, incarcerated men and women in the United States planned nineteen days of peaceful protest to improve prison conditions. Complex links of institutionalized power, white supremacy and Black resistance is receiving renewed attention; however, state-condoned violence against women in correctional institutions (e.g., physical, sexual and emotional abuse, and medical neglect by prison staff) is understudied. This qualitative case study examines 10 top-tier Criminology journals from 2008-2018 for the presence of prisoner unrest/protest. Findings reveal a paucity of attention devoted to prisoner unrest or state-sanctioned violence. This paper argues that the invisibility of prisoner unrest conceals the breadth and depth of state-inflicted violence against prisoners, especially marginalized peoples. This paper concludes with a discussion of the historical legacy and contemporary invisibility of Black women’s resistance against state-inflicted violence. This paper argues that in order to make sense of and tackle state-condoned violence we must turn to incarcerated individuals, activists, and Black and Indigenous thinkers and grassroots actors.

Neglected Diseases - New Compounds and Treatments.

Neglected Diseases - New Compounds and Treatments.

As relações dos sistemas de saneamento e a saúde da população: um estudo em um distrito de um município no Rio Grande do Norte

Objetivo: Analisar os aspectos relacionados ao saneamento básico e sua relação com a saúde da população de um distrito de um município do Rio Grande do Norte (RN). Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo do saneamento básico local considerando a caracterização dos aspectos abastecimento de água, esgotamento sanitário, limpeza urbana e drenagem, com diagnóstico realizado por meio de questionário e observações. Resultados: O abastecimento de água do referido distrito é executado pela Companhia de Águas e Esgotos do Rio Grande do Norte (CAERN). Em relação a qualidade da água, há conformidade com o estabelecido na norma do Ministério da Saúde. O sistema de esgotamento sanitário representa, atualmente, cerca de 30% das residências locais, denotando que a maioria adota soluções individuais para o destino dos efluentes sanitários, como fossa séptica. O destino final dos resíduos apresenta característica de aterro controlado em mal funcionamento. Não há sistema de drenagem, acarretando um grave problema no saneamento básico, devido as águas da chuva escoarem em direção ao maior declive, podendo causar erosão do solo urbano. Conclusão: Conclui-se que o ambiente e a população são negligenciados pelas gestões públicas, podendo ocasionar significativos problemas futuros para a saúde da população e seu bem-estar social.

Failure to Provide Adequate Palliative Care May Be Medical Neglect.

Doctors are required to notify Child Protective Services (CPS) if parents do not provide appropriate medical care for their children. But criteria for reporting medical neglect are vague. Which treatments properly fall within the realm of shared decision-making in which parents can decide whether to accept doctors' recommendations? Which treatments are so clearly in the child's interest that it would be neglectful to refuse them? When to report medical neglect concerns to CPS may be controversial. It would seem inhumane to allow a child to suffer because of parental refusal to administer proper analgesia. In this ethics rounds, we present a case of an adolescent with chronic pain who is terminally ill. Her parents were not adherent to recommended analgesia regimens. Her palliative care team had to decide whether to report the case to CPS.

Сучасна філософія визнання: «комунікативна утопія» чи реальний соціальний проект?

У статті проаналізовано сучасні філософські дискурси реальних механізмів, способів взаємозв’язку ідентичності та визнання в контексті «усвідомлення несправедливості», «патологій» суспільного буття. А також показано, що, на відміну від переважно монологічних ідей визнання П. Рікера, Ч. Тейлора та «комунікативної утопії» Ю. Габермаса, Т. Ренч і А. Гонет пропонують його інтерсуб’єк-тивний, реалістичний концепт. Важливою ознакою останнього стало розширення «перспективи справедливості», подолання її звуженого варіанту через звернення до «іншого справедливості», до визнання та турботи. Таким чином, А. Гонет пропонує доповнити моральний принцип однакового ставлення до людей нормою конкретного обов’язку щодо окремої людини, яка потребує допомоги. Підсумовуючи осмислення проблеми визнання в сучасній філософії, автор наголошує на значенні створення А. Гонетом теорії визнання в річищі теорії свободи і справедливості. Відомий німецький мислитель у такий спосіб прагне реабілітувати основні настанови соціальної філософії Франкфуртської школи з метою пошуків адекватних шляхів подолання розмаїтих проявів соціальної несправедливості, приниження, зневаги людської гідності. І має це відбуватися на засадах осягнення внутрішнього потенціалу самого феномена визнання як принципово важливої (насамперед для вітчизняного простору) можливості узгодження формально-легітимних інституційних його структур зі справжнім визнанням їх як справедливих. З метою перетворення свого бачення визнання з «комунікативної утопії» на дієвий соціальний проект А. Гонет намагається переомислити ідеї Дж. Ролза, Н. Фрейзер, доповнити етику дискурсу розлогою теорією визнання та етикою турботи.

Evaluating the Cumulative Impact of Childhood Misfortune: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach:

Most studies of the early origins of adult health rely on summing dichotomously measured negative exposures to measure childhood misfortune (CM), neglect, adversity, or trauma. There are several li...

Discuss on the innovation of core concepts in the teaching of physiology

Medical education reform mainly focused on the reform of the form and method of teaching but neglected the reform of the teaching concept that has truly penetrated into all aspects of teaching. With reference to the reflection on the teaching goal of physiology and the need of the cultivation of post competency, the core concepts of physiological teaching are summarized into the following four aspects: Three Outlooks must be positive to help students establish a balanced view, a dialectical view, and a holistic view; Three Fundamentals should be solid to help students master basic knowledge structure system, cultivate basic knowledge acquisition ability, and improve basic operation skills; students should attach importance to learning and use; humanistic quality should be strengthened. The above core concepts have been widely recognized by students in teaching practice, and clinical medical students have significantly better evaluation of the core concepts than nursing students. Future direction of the subsequent teaching reform should be how to refine the contents of lectures under the guidance of the teaching concepts to adapt to the increasingly detailed specialities. Key words: Physiology; Teaching reform; Teaching principle