Parental Neglect Research Articles

Associations of parenting styles with substance use in the offspring-A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Parenting styles have been suggested to predict the use of psychoactive substances in the offspring, although the size of associations might vary between cultures. The present meta-analysis tested whether parenting styles show concurrent and longitudinal associations with substance use and whether this association is moderated by study characteristics. A systematic search in electronic data bases resulted in 184 studies that were included in multi-level meta-analysis. An authoritative parenting style correlated with lower substance use (r =-0.12, confidence interval [CI] -0.14 to -0.10) while the reverse was found for neglectful (r = 0.10, CI 0.08 to 0.13), permissive (r = 0.04, CI 0.01 to 0.07) and authoritarian parenting (r = 0.03, CI 0.00 to 0.05). Analysis of cross-lagged effects found only an effect of authoritative parenting on decline of substance use (r = -0.06, CI -0.12 to -0.00). The size of associations varied, in part, by levels of horizontal and vertical collectivism or individualism, assessment of three versus four parenting styles, type of substance, and use of same versus different informants for assessing parenting and substance use. Parenting styles show small to very small associations with substance use. Although parents are recommended to behave in an authoritative manner, we should have only modest expectations about the effects of parenting styles on substance use in the offspring.

Prevalence and factors associated with the perpetration and victimization of teen dating violence: A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol

Dating violence is a global health problem that affects adolescents physically, psychologically and sexually. During adolescence, there is a high prevalence and negative consequences in both perpetration and victimization, which can vary according to culture, but maintain common characteristics in traditional societies. Factors associated with the perpetration and victimization of gender-based violence among adolescents include gender inequality, discrimination, substance use, parental neglect, peer influence and exposure to family violence. Despite modern criticisms of gender expectations, traditional views that legitimize violence persist. In this sense, the collection of global data on the prevalence and factors associated with dating violence among adolescents could favour comparative studies between Western and Eastern cultures and is fundamental for informing public policies in a globalized world. It is hoped that the results will contribute to expanding scientific knowledge in the area, as well as helping managers and the academic community to target resources, identify risk groups and promote gender equality from adolescence onwards. In this sense, this study aims to globally assess the prevalence and factors associated with the perpetration and victimization of dating violence among adolescents. It is hoped that the results will expand scientific knowledge in this area.

Mobile Phone Dependence of College Students: Basis for A Course of Action

This research investigates Mobile Phone Dependence (MPD) among university students at X University, revealing a 100% smartphone ownership rate, with 33.4% experiencing MPD. Factors contributing to MPD include social allure, negative consumer culture, chaotic online practices, and the absence of real-world support. School-related factors include outdated teaching methods, inadequate guidance, while family factors implicate parental influence and neglect. Personal factors involve weak self-discipline, unclear goals, loneliness, psychological needs, and addiction psychology. MPD impacts academics, social skills, physical and mental health, economics, consumer mindset, and behavior. Demographic variables exhibit significant variations in MPD. The study recommends multifaceted interventions, emphasizing social governance, higher education, family education, and self-education, supported by collaborative governance. Future research should deepen fundamental theories, expand survey scope, strengthen empirical research, and employ action research for effective implementation of intervention strategies. Action research involves forming a multidisciplinary team, engaging stakeholders, assessing the current scenario, designing targeted interventions, and continuously adapting strategies based on real-time data. This research provides a comprehensive understanding of MPD and offers a strategic framework for addressing this issue among college students.

Impacts of Family Environment on Chinese University Students’ English Language Proficiency: The Mediating Effect of Parenting Styles

English as a foreign language education is a top national priority in China, and improving learners’ English language proficiency is a concern. However, most research focuses on how to enhance English proficiency in the educational environment. Investigations of the impacts of family environment on English language development are limited. This study explored the relationship between family environment and English language proficiency among 975 first-year Chinese undergraduate students. One-way ANOVA, regression analysis, and mediation analysis were performed to determine the variations in English proficiency among Chinese university students based on their family socioeconomic status and parenting styles, how well these predicted Chinese university students’ English achievement, and whether parenting styles mediated the link between family socioeconomic status and English proficiency. The results indicated that although the effect of family socioeconomic status on English proficiency appeared minimal, neglectful parenting, rather than authoritative parenting, had a significantly positive influence on English proficiency. This study also provided evidence of the mediating role of parenting styles between family socioeconomic status and English outcomes.

Hubungan Pola Asuh dan Adiksi Internet pada Remaja Kristen di Jabodetabek

Christian teenagers Jabodetabek, like teenagers in general, are vulnerable to internet addiction. The type of parenting style from parents plays an important role in determining the level of internet addiction of adolescents. This study aims to identify differences in the level of internet addiction based on the type of parenting style among Christian adolescents in Greater Jakarta. A total of 291 adolescents participated in this study. This study uses two instruments, namely the Internet Addiction Test (IAT) to measure the level of internet addiction and the Parenting Style Inventory-II (PSI-II) to identify the type of parenting style of parents. The results showed that neglectful parenting was associated with higher rates of internet addiction in adolescents. In contrast, authoritative and permissive parenting, which has a higher level of responsiveness, tends to be associated with lower rates of internet addiction. These findings show the importance of responsive parenting in preventing internet addiction in adolescents.

Sistem Pakar Diagnosis Penyakit Gigi pada Anak Usia 5-12 Tahun Menggunakan Metode Forward Chaining

Children's dental health is a crucial aspect that must be carefully attended to, as despite being the hardest tissue in the human body, teeth are highly susceptible to bacterial attacks. Many parents neglect their children's dental health, mainly due to limited economic resources and insufficient knowledge about the importance of early dental care. Dental diseases in children can lead to more severe health problems if not properly treated. Therefore, a system is needed to help detect dental problems in children at an early stage. This expert system for diagnosing dental diseases in children is designed to replicate the thought process of a dentist in diagnosing dental issues based on symptoms inputted by the user. This study uses the forward chaining method, which is reliable in accurately identifying dental problems and providing early treatment recommendations, as well as oral health information. The system is expected to assist parents in detecting their children's dental issues and offering appropriate recommendations before consulting a dentist. Furthermore, this system has the potential to be used in clinics or health centers to support the dental diagnosis process more quickly and efficiently.

Long-term effects of grandparental child neglect on adult grandchildren's mental health: A three-generation study

Child neglect is a significant social problem with severe consequences for individuals and society. This study explores how intergenerational transmission of grandparental child neglect affects grandchildren's mental health in adulthood. We utilize a three-generational dataset from the Tromsø Study and estimate a linear probability model to find the distinct roles of both maternal and paternal grandparents. We test the additive risk hypothesis for continuous, intergenerational effects of child neglect in both the maternal and paternal lineages. Furthermore, we use structural equation modeling to test how sequential exposures to neglect across generations ultimately bear on adult mental health outcomes. Our results confirm the additive risk hypothesis but only for maternal grandparents: our findings show that only maternal parents' neglectful parenting is associated with an increased probability of depression in their grandchildren, conditional on whether their parents neglected them. These results contribute to research on intergenerational transmission by the finding that additive risks of child maltreatment flow down generations mainly through maternal lineages.

I am just a sister: a field study on sister as mother role from Guangdong, China.

This study aimed to explore sister-as-mother (jieximuzhi) roles in families after the implementation of China's universal two-child (quanmianerhai) and three-child policies (saihaizhengce). By conducting in-depth interviews with 10 sisters from Guangdong Province who fit the sister-motherhood profile, this study investigated their motivations for taking on maternal duties, the characteristics of sister-motherhood roles, and the impact of these roles on the sisters. The results revealed that in families with two or more children, sisters passively assume mother-like responsibilities primarily due to biological age differences and parental neglect, as well as their personal initiative to a certain extent. Additionally, the impact of sister-motherhood roles on sisters includes aspects such as time pressure, financial strain, and increased family intimacy. This study elucidated the phenomenon of sister-motherhood roles that emerge with changes in family structure in China while recognizing the diversity of women's roles within the family, appreciating the challenges faced by sisters in sister-motherhood roles, and providing insights into family labor division and education models.

Ecological Contexts and Suicidality among Marginalized African American Youth

Drawing data from a sample of African American youth and their caregivers, the study investigated youth suicidality in social contexts. Results show that approximately one-seventh of these youth reported suicidality. Multivariate analyses show that depressive symptoms, bullying victimization, exposure to violence, and neglectful parenting were positively linked with a higher risk of suicidality, whereas receiving public assistance was negatively related to suicidality. The findings suggest the need to assess youth suicidality risk from an ecological perspective. They also necessitate a comprehensive approach to suicide prevention, including strengthening families to enhance child support and care.

From Childhood to Adulthood: Uncovering the Roots, Impact and Healing Way of Skin Picking Disorder

Skin Picking Disorder (SPD) is a mental disorder which can lead to skin lesion, abnormal emotion and other negative effects. Nowadays, SPD becomes common, but there are still research gaps and controversies about its etiology and treatment. Based on a review of researches and case studies collected, the present study analyzes the impact of childhood experiences on SPD, the influence on patients, and treatment methods. The findings of this study suggest that childhood abuse may contribute to SPD, especially emotional abuse, such as parental neglect. SPD can affect many aspects of a patient’s life, and it can leave them unable to make peace with their distress. Finally, the two mainstream approaches to treating SPD are cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) and drugs therapy. The purpose of this article is to provide a deeper understanding of the diagnosis and treatment of SPD, also to provide directions for preventive measures and future research.

Emotional Competences in Adolescents Exposed to Colombian Armed Conflict During Their Childhood

AbstractObjective: Analyse the mediation role of emotional competences on behavior problems in adolescents exposed to Armed-Conflict Childhood Adversities (ACCA). Method: Families with adolescent children who studied in three schools in the municipality of Soacha, Colombia, were invited to participate in the study. One hundred and sixty-one participants were selected and pooled into three groups according to their Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) scores: lower-ACE (LACE), higher-ACE (HACE), and ACCA using the Adverse Childhood Experiences Questionnaire for Adolescents (ACE-QA). The Emotion Recognition Task, the Empathy for Pain Task, and the Child Behavior Checklist assessed teenagers’ emotional functioning. Results: Teenagers exposed to ACCA more frequently experienced childhood adversities such as domestic violence, child abuse, and parental neglect. Moreover, these adolescents were less accurate in discriminating angry faces, reported higher control perception after social stressors, were more rigorous in punishing those who intentionally harmed others, and showed more internalizing behavior problems. In the mediational model, we found that: the control perception after social stress mediated the reduction of depressive symptoms in adolescents with ACCA history. Additionally, inaccuracy in perceiving angry faces and harsh punishment toward behaviors that intentionally harm others mediated the presence of thinking problems, anxiety, and rule-breaking behaviors. Conclusions: Colombian adolescents who experienced ACCA showed specific changes in their emotional competences, which mediate the parental report of behavioral problems. These results indicate the need for more focused interventions aimed at improving the emotional competences and mental health of adolescent victims of armed conflicts.

Challenges and Solutions in Religious Guidance for Converts (muallaf) in Tanjung Beringin, Tanah Karo

This study investigates the primary challenges and potential solutions in the religious guidance of converts (muallaf) in Tanjung Beringin Village, Tanah Karo, North Sumatra. Utilizing a descriptive qualitative approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews, field observations, and documentation. This study showed that the absence of continuous religious guidance, combined with the lack of permanent da’i, has weakened the religious understanding and enthusiasm among the converts. Additionally, parental neglect in supporting their children's religious education exacerbates this issue. The study proposes several solutions, including establishing collaborations with Islamic organizations and da'wah institutions to provide alternating da’i, appointing permanent Islamic religious instructors, revitalizing basic Islamic studies, and enhancing parental involvement in religious education. These measures aim to strengthen the religious identity and resilience of the convert community against external influences.

Termination of Parental Rights on the Grounds of Intellectual/Developmental Disability: An Overlooked Policy and Health Issue

ABSTRACTIn the United States, 37 states and 4 territories allow for the termination of parental rights (TPR) due to parental disability. Twenty‐eight of these states and all four of the territories specifically include parental intellectual developmental disability (IDD). Policies that call for the TPR based on factors outside of parental abuse or neglect have myriad negative effects on individuals, families and communities, including long‐term adverse health outcomes for children who have been removed from parental custody, delays in prenatal care for pregnant people whose stigmatized identities may result in involuntary TPR and an increased burden on already overtaxed child welfare systems. This paper analyses policies and proposes an alternative policy modelled after advocacy from other groups of parents with marginalized identities.

Maltreatment and parenting in youth with primary and secondary callous‐unemotional traits: Anxiety matters

AbstractBackgroundYouth with conduct disorder (CD) and high callous‐unemotional (CU) traits are not a homogenous group and can be disaggregated into primary and secondary subgroups. However, there are inconsistencies in defining primary and secondary subgroups, with some studies using anxiety, others using maltreatment and still others using both features to identify subgroups. There is a paucity of work comparing primary and secondary subgroups with typically developing (TD) youth on experiences of maltreatment and parenting as well as a lack of studies investigating sex differences.MethodsIn a large sample of TD youth (n = 946, 66% female) and youth with CD (n = 885, 60% female), we used latent profile analysis in youth with CD aged between 9 and 18 years to address four aims: (i) to demonstrate how primary and secondary subgroup membership differs when anxiety, maltreatment, or both are used as continuous indicators, (ii) to compare primary and secondary subgroups with TD youth on abuse and neglect measures, and (iii) to compare primary and secondary subgroups with TD youth on parenting experiences, and (iv) to examine whether the results were consistent across sexes.ResultsAnxiety without maltreatment yielded the best fitting and most theoretically interpretable classification of primary and secondary subgroups across both sexes (Bayesian information criterion = 17832.33, Entropy = 0.75, Lo‐Mendell‐Rubin: p < 0.01). Compared with TD youth, youth with primary and secondary CU traits experienced greater levels of abuse and neglect (p < 0.001, η2p = 0.04−0.16) and maladaptive parenting practices (p < 0.001, η2p = 0.04−0.13). Youth with primary and secondary CU traits were equally high on levels of abuse, neglect, and maladaptive parenting (all p values >0.05).ConclusionsWe provide evidence that anxiety and maltreatment cannot be used interchangeably to identify youth with primary versus secondary CU traits. Anxiey yielded the best fitting and most theoretically interpretable classifications across both sexes. Our results signify the need for researchers and clinicians to adopt a unified approach to defining primary and secondary subgroups of CU traits using anxiety in both sexes.

Parenting style on academic performance among secondary students at Kota Belud, Sabah

This qualitative study explores how different parenting styles influence the academic performance of secondary school students in Kota Belud, Sabah Malaysia. Through in-depth interviews with teachers, this research investigates the nuances of authoritative, authoritarian, permissive and neglectful parenting styles. Thematic analysis revealed that an authoritative parenting style, which balances responsiveness and demandingness, promotes better academic outcomes by increasing motivation and self-discipline. In contrast, an authoritarian and neglectful parenting style often results in lower academic achievement due to increased stress and lack of support. This study underscores the important role of positive and supportive parenting in enhancing students' educational experiences and success.

Studi Kasus Stuttering Pada Anak Usia Dini

Stuttering is a disorder in language or speech in which a person is difficult or difficult to speak clearly and smoothly and someone who experiences stuttering or stuttering tends to extend or repeat a syllable. This research aims to explore more deeply the case of stuttering in early childhood. In addition, this study aims to find out the causes or factors that cause stuttering in the subject and find out what treatments have been done to cure the subject from stuttering. In this study, researchers used a qualitative research design with a case study method. The subject in this study is a boy with the initials ABA where the subject is 8 years old and the sampling technique in this study uses non-probability using purposive sampling. From the results of the research conducted, it was found that the subject often lengthened the consonant and vowel sounds. The subject also does not speak fluently or intermittently on several consonant letters, namely “B, G, and M”. The cause of stuttering in the subject is due to the neglect of the subject's parents since birth who are rarely involved in the subject's learning process.

Relações parentais em Fruits Basket, de Natsuki Takaya

From a psychoanalytic perspective, this article seeks to understand demonstrations of melancholy experience in family relationships between parents and son in the manga Fruits Basket (2016), by Natsuki Takaya. The character Kyo and her parents exemplify what theorist Julia Kristeva develop in her work Black Sun (1989), particularly that literary creation as a materialization of bodies and signs, bears witness to sadness, as a mark of separation and as the beginning of the symbolic dimension. It will be discussed here the links between melancholy, love and losses inherent to family relationships in a sh?jo manga. Kyo Sohma belongs to a cursed family that reincarnates the Chinese zodiac animals, for this reason his mother commits suicide and his father rejects him. The character has her life marked by parental neglect during childhood, developing problems that are perpetuated throughout the narrative.

Genotypic variation in the promoter region of the CRH-248 gene interacts with early rearing experiences to disrupt the development of the HPA axis in infant rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta)

Aberrant functioning of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is a hallmark of conditions such as depression, anxiety disorders, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Early-life adversity and genetic variation can interaction to disrupt HPA axis regulation, potentially contributing to certain forms of psychopathology. This study employs a rhesus macaque model to investigate how early parental neglect interacts with a single nucleotide polymorphism within the promoter region of the corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH-248) gene, impacting the development of the HPA axis. For the initial six months of life, 307 rhesus monkey infants (n = 146 females, n = 161 males) were either reared with their mothers (MR) in conditions emulating the natural environment (control group) or raised without maternal care in groups with constant or 3-hours daily access to same-aged peers (NR). Blood samples collected on days 30, 60, 90, and 120 of life under stressful conditions were assayed for plasma cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) concentrations. Findings revealed that NR subjects exhibited a significant blunting of both ACTH and cortisol concentrations. Notably, there was a gene-by-environment interaction observed for ACTH and cortisol levels, with NR subjects with the polymorphism displaying higher ACTH concentrations and lower cortisol concentrations. To the extent that these results generalize to humans, they suggest that early parental neglect may render individuals vulnerable to HPA axis dysfunction, a susceptibility that is modulated by CRH-248 genotype—a gene-by-environment interaction that leaves a lasting developmental signature.

Parental Neglect and Childhood Obesity Amidst COVID-19: A Developmental Psychopathology Perspective on Health and Developmental Risks.

The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly impacted the mental health and developmental trajectories of children and adolescents, catalyzing a range of psychological and behavioral issues due to enforced lockdowns and other restrictions. This text explores these impacts through the lens of developmental psychopathology, which integrates clinical psychology and developmental science to examine the emergence and evolution of psychological disorders across a lifespan. This paper highlights how pandemic-related disruptions have exacerbated conditions such as anxiety and depression and, notably, increased childhood obesity due to changes in lifestyle and reductions in physical activity. The analysis includes a discussion of how isolation has not only restricted access to educational and psychological resources but also increased the risk of parental mental illness and related familial stress, thereby intensifying issues of neglect and their consequent impact on child health. By employing a developmental psychopathology framework, this paper argues for the necessity of targeted interventions that address these complex interplays of genetic, environmental, and psychological factors. Such interventions aim to support children through structured educational and health-oriented strategies, ensuring their well-being amidst the ongoing challenges posed by the pandemic. This approach underscores the importance of early, multifaceted strategies involving parents, educators, and healthcare providers to foster healthier developmental outcomes for children facing unprecedented global health crises.

Obesity in childhood: associations with parental neglect, nutritional habits, and obesity awareness.

The relationships underlying the dynamic between obesity and parental neglect in terms of nutritional habits and obesity awareness are unclear. Parental neglect remains a significant subject of concern that needs to be examined in the context of obesity. The aim was to examine the relationships between childhood obesity, parental neglect, children's eating habits and obesity. The study group consisted of 404 children and their parents from Ankara, Turkiye. As data collection tools, an Individual Information Form, Obesity Awareness Scale, the Parents Form of the Multidimensional Neglectful Behaviors Scale were administered. In addition, information on the children's body mass indexes was obtained by anthropometric measurements and the findings were recorded on the questionnaires of each child. It was found that 98 (24.3%) of the children included in the study were overweight and 63 (15.6%) were obese. The results of the multinomial logistic regression analysis indicated that in the underweight and overweight group, the parents' perception of their child's weight predicted body mass index in children, and in the obese group, along with the parents' perception of their child's weight, the age and gender of the child, eating fast, obesity in the family and parental neglect were also predictors. Practitioners such as nurses, dietitians and child developmentalists working in schools should consider weight problems in children as one of the indicators of parental neglect and should implement interventive efforts to enhance parental supervision of children at risk.