Significant Negative Influence Research Articles

Analysing Real Exchange Rate Effects on the Trade Balance in South Africa

For years, policymakers and economists have been researching the significance of the native currency value versus other currencies in favouring the country’s trade balance and total. Therefore, this study investigates the impact of the real exchange rate change on the trade balance in South Africa. The study used annual time series data from 1980 through 2022. This study used the ARDL technique to analyse data. Variables used in this study include the trade balance, real exchange rate, terms of trade, money supply, South Africa’s gross domestic product, and the Chinese gross domestic product. Bounds tests showed that the variables are cointegrated. According to the empirical findings, the real exchange rates have significantly influenced the trade balance positively in the short run but in the long run, have a negative significant influence on the trade balance. The terms of trade have a positive significant influence on the trade balance in the short run, but it appears to be positively significant in the long run. The money supply in the short run has an insignificant negative relationship with the trade balance but in the long run, has a significant positive relationship with the trade balance. The SA gross domestic product has a significant negative impact on the trade balance both in the short and long run. Lastly, the Chinese gross domestic product has a negative insignificant relationship with the trade balance in the short. However, in the long run, it has a positive significant relationship with the trade balance. This proves that a rise in Chinese GDP, as a proxy for foreign economic activity, boosts South African exports to the rest of the world in the long term. As a result, the trade balance improves as China imports minerals from South Africa for production purposes. The dependence on currency depreciation to enhance trade in South Africa can improve its trade balance, but it may also damage the economy due to the country’s reliance on imports. However, the advice to weaken the South African currency should not be so harsh as to have a negative impact on the importation of key capital goods critical to the growth and development of the South African economy. It is recommended that the government reduce demand for imported products and boost domestic manufacturing, which might lead to domestic products being exported. The central bank must also stabilize the currency to increase competitiveness by decreasing the overseas price of exports and increasing the cost of imports.

Adherence to treatment in patients with arterial hypertension at the wartime conditions in Ukrainian population

Abstract Background Adherence to therapy significantly affects the course and prognosis of the disease. However, the impact of military operations and related factors on adherence to therapy has not been studied. Purpose The aim of the study was to evaluate additional factors influencing adherence to antihypertensive treatment in wartime. Materials and Methods A total of 1299 patients with arterial hypertension from different regions of Ukraine included into the study. All regions were divided into 3 zones: active hostilities; regions with moderate intensity; relatively calm regions. Besides traditional factors (age, education, concomitant pathology, type of therapy), the individual patients’ status was included to analysis as being a resident of a given region, an immigrant from an occupied territory or from a region of hostilities, or a person temporarily displaced. Analysis was performed in 4 treatment groups: 1 – fixed three-component combination olmesartan medoxomil/ amlodipine/ hydrochlorothiazide, 2 – fixed two-component combination olmesartan/ hydrochlorothiazide, 3 – fixed two-component therapy with olmesartan/ amlodipine, 4 - other antihypertensive therapy. Adherence was assessed at 1, 2 and 3 treatment months. Uni- and multivariate statistical analyses was performed to identify factors independently associated with treatment adherence. Results In total, 50 patients stopped the drug during the first month (3.8%), 9.8% stopped medication after 2 months, and 19.1% after 3 months. When analyzing patients' adherence depending on whether or not the doctor arrived from another region, we found that the percentage of patients who stopped treatment was almost twice higher if the doctor was displaced (32%), compared to doctors who remained in the places (18%). Based on results of comparative analysis, adherence to therapy was influenced by several factors: age, presence of concomitant coronary artery disease, staying in a high-risk region, number of pills, and prescribed drug. After 3 months adherence was 89% in patients who received 1 tablet per day, 84% - 2 tablets, 82% - 3-5 tablets, and 52% - more than 5 pills. The highest adherence was observed with the three-component pill and with combination of olmesartan and amlodipine. These combinations showed higher adherence compared to other types of therapy. Patient's level of education had no effect on adherence to therapy. Multivariate regression analysis showed, that age over 55 years (p=0.01) and patient’s being in dangerous area (p<0.0001) had significant independent negative influence on adherence. The use of two-component combination olmesartan/amlodipine or three-component therapy significantly increased adherence (p<0.0001). Conclusion In the wartime adherence to antihypertensive treatment depends both on previously known and specific factors - activity of hostilities in the region, as well as relocation of both patients and prescribing physicians to another region.

The ECB's Solution to the Inflation Caused by the Russia-Ukraine Conflict

Abstract: The Russian-Ukrainian War saw a major escalation on February 24, 2022, when Russia invaded Ukraine, sparking the biggest battle in Europe since World War II. In addition to negatively affecting international relations, this lengthy conflict has had a significant negative influence on world markets, especially those in the Eurozone. The ongoing conflict has intensified inflationary pressures, necessitating the implementation of strong fiscal and monetary measures by the European Central Bank (ECB). This study analyzes the inflationary effect of the Russia-Ukraine crisis on the economies of the Eurozone and assesses the ECB's policies using macroeconomic models, such as the IS-PC-MR model. It explores the complex economic fallout, which includes unstable energy supply, higher industrial prices, and a decline in consumer confidence. The economy has stabilized largely because of the ECB's initiatives, which have included coordinated fiscal policies, interest rate hikes and asset purchase adjustments. Despite these initiatives, problems still exist, such as controlling the growing public debt and striking a balance between inflation management and economic growth. In order to strengthen economic resilience, the conclusion highlights the need for ongoing adaptation and international cooperation. Investments in integrated fiscal measures, diverse supply chains, and renewable energy are suggested as being crucial for long-term stability. The purpose of this study is to provide insights for future economic crisis management and to contribute to policy-making conversations.

Decent work deficit in India: Deterioration and determinants

Abstract India is being projected internationally as a country of good growth and good governance, which in turn, it is asserted, should lead to prosperity for its people, especially in terms of proper employment, income, and overall standard of living. Drawing on certain dimensions of decent work proposed by International Labour Organization to measure the quality of employment in India, this article explores how far the notions of good/high growth and good governance discourse are corroborated by the evidence of good quality employment in India. The study is based on the nationally representative unit/individual-level data published by the Government of India during the three periods 2009–10, 2018–19, and 2022–23. The main findings of analysis are: (a) the overall quality of employment in India is poor and stagnant or deteriorating, and (b) the macro-level (sub-national state-level) aspects, such as the overall volume of economic activities, the extent of quality governance, the flexibility of business regulatory environment and better labour law-related compliance, have had a significant negative influence on the quality of employment. Thus, this paper suggests that the very policy environment and the pattern of economic growth have put a drag on the quality of employment in India. Given this, we suggest a variety of countervailing policy options and emphasise the role of civil society and politics.

The Impact of Green Human Resource Management Practices (GHRMPs) on Turnover Intention (TI): Moderated by Work-Health Balance (WHB) and Work-Family Balance (WFB)

This study aims to investigate the direct relationships between GHRMPs (GR, GTT, GRA and GI) and TI, the indirect relationship between GHRMPs and TI through the moderation role of each WHB and WFB. This study conducted amongst the employees of Malaysian manufacturing industry. The study employed the quantitative method with a population of 2.8 million employees in the main four manufacturing hubs in Malaysia (Penang, Kulim, Klang Valley, and Johor), the representative sample attained 403 employees from the different hubs mentioned. The data analyzed descriptively via SPSS and the hypothesis tested using AMOS. The findings of this research as there is a statistical significant and negative (Reducing TI) influence of GHRMPs (GR, GTT, GRA and GI) on TI in the Malaysian manufacturing industry. There is a statistical significant negative (Reducing TI) influence of the moderator WFB on the relationship between GHRMPs (GR, GTT, GRA and GI) and TI in the Malaysian manufacturing industry. There is a statistical significant negative (Reducing TI) influence of the moderator WHB on the relationship between GHRMPs (GR, GTT and GRA) and TI in the Malaysian manufacturing industry. While There is a statistical insignificant positive (Increasing TI) influence of the moderator WHB on the relationship between GI and TI in the Malaysian manufacturing industry.

Impostor syndrome and academic hardiness: Investigating the impact on academic anxiety students

Academic life serves as a process for students to develop their abilities; however, in reality, not all students can optimize their potential. This is often related to internal factors such as emotions, feelings, and perceptions. This study aims to examine the influence of impostor syndrome tendencies and academic hardiness on academic anxiety. The research method employed is quantitative. The subjects of this study were 205 students from Mulawarman University in Samarinda, selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected using scales measuring academic anxiety, impostor syndrome, and academic hardiness. The data analysis technique used was multiple linear regression, with data analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 26.0 for Windows. The results of the study indicate that (1) there is a significant influence of impostor syndrome and academic resilience on academic anxiety, with an F-value of 43.279 > F-table of 3.23 and p = 0.000 < 0.05, contributing 30% of the variance; (2) there is a significant positive influence of impostor syndrome on academic anxiety, with a beta coefficient (β) = 0.459, t-value = 7.186, and p = 0.000 (p < 0.05); and (3) there is a significant negative influence of academic hardiness on academic anxiety, with a beta coefficient (β) = -0.171, t-value = -2.676, and p = 0.008 (p < 0.05).a coefficient beta (β) value of 0.363, t value = 2.407, and p = 0.021 (p < 0.05); (3) there is a significant negative influence of academic hardiness on academic anxiety with a coefficient beta (β) value of -0.472, t value = -3.127, and p = 0.003 (p < 0.05). The study finds that impostor syndrome and academic hardiness significantly influence academic anxiety, with impostor syndrome showing a positive impact and academic hardiness showing a negative impact.

ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI TINGKAT PENGANGGURAN TERBUKA DI JAWA TIMUR 2012-2022

East Java Province has the second population density after West Java Province. This number of population can certainly be an advantage with abundant human resources or problems related to employment. This research is to find out and analyze the effect of minimum wages, population, HDI, PMTB, economic growth, and the agricultural sector has an open response rate in 38 districts/cities of East Java Province in 2012-2022. This study uses quantitative research with panel data models. The results of the research show that the data is free from classical assumption problems with the minimum wage variable having a significant positive influence, the population variable and the agriculture, forestry and fisheries variables having an insignificant and positive influence, the HDI and PMTB variables having a significant negative influence, the economic growth variable having the influence is insignificant and negative.

Managing Employee Retention as A Strategic HRM Activity: Organizational Justice Effects Moderated by Tenure

The aim of this study is to examine the impact of organizational justice perceptions, namely distributive and procedural justice, on turnover intentions, moderated by tenure in the organization. Academicians from various public and private universities in Turkiye are selected as the main target of this study. Data was collected via a web-based questionnaire. A total of 748 questionnaires were analyzed. The results indicate that organizational justice components (i.e. distributive justice, procedural justice, and interactional justice) have significant negative influence on turnover intentions. Furthermore, analysis has revealed that tenure in the organization moderates the link from distributive and procedural justice perceptions to turnover intentions. Some practical implications are also discussed.

Religiusitas dan Toxic Friendship di Kalangan Peserta Didik

In modern times like this, teenagers are faced with pressure and influence from various sources, such as social media, western culture, and the surrounding environment. Religiosity has an important role, because religiosity can be a source of support, moral guidance and spiritual strength in facing life's challenges. Teenagers' level of religiosity will influence their behavior. If teenagers' level of religiosity is high, they will tend to show behavior that reflects religious life. On the other hand, teenagers with a low level of religiosity will show behavior that is less related to religious aspects. By understanding the field of religion, students are able to differentiate between friendship relationships that support individual growth and those that can hinder individual development. This arises because it can avoid detrimental friendships or what is usually called toxic friendship. The aim of this research is to analyze the influence of religiosity on toxic friendship in students at Wachid Hasyim 10 Prambon Middle School. The research method used is quantitative with simple linear regression analysis. The data collection technique was through a questionnaire filled out by 200 respondents. The results of data analysis using SPSS show that the level of students' religiosity is in the high category with an average value of 178.35. Meanwhile, the level of toxic friendship is in the low category with an average value of 38.98. The normality test shows that the data is normally distributed with a sig value of 0.896 which is greater than 0.05. Based on the results of inferential analysis, there is a significant negative influence between religiosity and toxic friendship with a significance value of 0.000 which is smaller than 0.05, and tcount of -5.900 which is greater than ttable of 1.653. Religiosity influences toxic friendship by 15%, while 85% is influenced by other factors. This research concludes that the higher the level of religiosity of students, the lower the level of toxic friendship they experience. These results emphasize the importance of strengthening religious values ​​in an effort to reduce toxic friendships among students.

The Influence of Intellectual Capital, Audit Fee, and Ownership Concentration on Enterprise Risk Management Disclosure

This study explores the influence of financial literacy, attitudes towards money, and financial pressures on the financial well-being of non-profit workers in Indonesia, an issue that is relevant given the high social activity but lack of attention to workers' financial well-being, especially with the majority being low-income. Using the purposive sampling method on 108 respondents from various regions in Indonesia, the study revealed that financial literacy had a significant positive influence on financial well-being, while attitudes towards money had no significant effect. Conversely, financial stress had a significant negative influence on the financial well-being of non-profit workers. These findings underline the need for enhancing financial literacy and addressing financial pressures to improve workers' financial well-being. The study contributes both theoretically and practically by offering insights into the financial behavior of non-profit workers and highlighting the importance of targeted financial education programs for this sector.

The Relationship Effect of Board Characteristics and Company Characteristics on Corporate Social Responsibility

This study aims to analyze the influence of board characteristics on CSR policies with the company characteristics as control variables. CSR policy in this study focuses on the amount of CSR costs incurred by the company to contribute to the social and community environment. The data used in this study are secondary data sourced from the annual reports of energy sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange (BEI) from 2016-2022. The research sample was selected using the purposive sampling method, resulting in 28 companies as the sample. The data analysis used for hypothesis testing is multiple regression analysis using the Eviews 9 program. The results of the study indicate that board characteristics, as indicated by the variables of board size and firm age, have a significant positive influence on CSR. The results also show that firm size has a significant positive influence on CSR performance, while leverage has a significant negative influence on CSR performance. These findings provide information that the increasing number of board members in important positions within a company will impact the high CSR performance, as well as the maturity of a company indicated by the years since going public will enhance the high concern for the environment. In addition, the level of company leverage will be one of the considerations for investors in investing capital as it will have a negative impact on the adopted CSR policies.

Kontribusi Efikasi Diri terhadap Academic Burnout pada Mahasiswa Semester Akhir Universitas Negeri Padang

Academic burnout is a feeling of tiredness and boredom in doing tasks, pessimism about the functions assigned, and feeling ineffective as a student. The impact of academic burnout on students is the deterioration of their physical, mental, and psychological condition which can cause students to feel full and tired of doing their assignments, proposals, or theses which can result in neglect and delay in their tasks. This research aims to find out the contribution of self-efficacy to academic burnout in final semester students at Padang State University. The quantitative method is used for this research with a descriptive quantitative research type. The population for this study consisted of final semester students at Padang State University class 2018 and 2019. The sampling technique used for this study was purposive sampling with a total sample size of 95 people. The research instrument used is the Maslach Burnout Inventory Student-Survey Scale adapted into Indonesian by Arlinkasari et al. (2017) and the General Self-Efficacy Scale adapt by Novrianto et al. (2019). Hypothesis testing was carried out using simple regression analysis with a correlation coefficient (r) = -0.207 and significant results p = 0.045, meaning that there is a negative significant influence between self-efficacy on academic burnout in final semester students. It can be concluded that the higher the self-efficacy of final semester students at Padang State University, the lower the academic burnout.

Technological Innovation and Agricultural Productivity in Nigeria Amidst Oil Transition: ARDL Analysis

In contemporary discourse, Nigeria’s reliance on its oil sector is proving insufficient for sustained economic growth. The volatility of oil prices, geopolitical tensions, technological advancements, and environmental sustainability concerns have exposed the vulnerabilities of an oil-dependent economy, emphasizing the need for diversification and a renewed focus on agriculture. This study investigates the relationship between technological innovation and agricultural productivity in Nigeria, contrasting it with the oil sector. Using the ARDL estimation technique, our findings reveal a significant negative influence of immediate lagged agricultural productivity (AGTFP(−1)), indicating technological constraints. Technological innovation, proxied by TFP, shows a substantial impact on agricultural productivity, with a negative long-term effect (−90.71) but a positive, though insignificant, impact on agricultural output (0.0034). The comparative analysis underscores that the agricultural sector tends to benefit more from technological innovation than the oil sector. This highlights the critical need to prioritize technological advancements in agriculture to drive sustainable growth and economic resilience in Nigeria.

Uncovering the drivers of ecological footprints: A STIRPAT analysis of urbanization, economic growth, and energy sustainability in OECD countries

This study investigates the impact of human activities on environmental degradation, focusing on the roles of urbanization, economic growth, energy intensity and renewable energy within the STIRPAT framework. To this end, the study adopts the ecological footprint (EF) as the environmental indicator. Employing Panel Quantile Regression, the study analyzes data from 31 OECD countries spanning the period 2000–2021. The findings reveal that renewable energy consumption and urbanization exert significant negative influences on the EF, with urbanization proving more effective than renewable energy usage across all quantiles. Both economic growth and energy intensity contribute to environmental degradation, and the impact on the EF escalates with higher quantiles. Additionally, the causality test results demonstrate a two-way causal link among urbanization, economic growth, energy intensity, renewable energy use, and EF. Finally, based on the empirical results, this paper suggests that an energy revolution should be carried out to promote the sustainable use of energy. Meanwhile, the high-level urbanization is suggested to reduce the EF through the aggregation of living production to achieve sustainable development.

The Effect of Working Capital, Sales, and Operating Expenses on Net Profit on Bengkel Sejahtera Motor Source Cirebon

. This study was driven by a decline in net profit at Bengkel Sejahtera Motor Sumber Cirebon during the 2019-2023 period. The reduction in net profit suggests that working capital has not been utilized optimally, and operational expenses have risen each year. Therefore, this research seeks to explore how workshop owners can maximize the use of their working capital and minimize operational costs effectively to boost net profit at Bengkel Sejahtera Motor Sumber Cirebon. The aim of this research is to analyze the influence of working capital, sales, and operational expenses on the net profit of the workshop. This study employs a quantitative approach, with a population of 144 financial data entries, and uses random sampling as the sampling method. The data analysis techniques applied include descriptive statistics, multiple linear regression analysis, and a series of data quality tests, such as validity tests, reliability tests, and classical assumption tests (normality, multicollinearity, and heteroscedasticity tests). Hypothesis testing is conducted using the t-test (partial) and F-test (simultaneous). The findings of this research reveal that working capital has a significant negative impact on net profit, sales have a significant positive effect, and operational costs exert a significant negative influence on net profit. Furthermore, working capital, sales, and operational costs together significantly affect the net profit.

The Influence Of Service Failure Severity On Brand Forgiveness Study On Telkomsel Users

The aims of this study are: (1) To determine the service failure severity from internet network issues according to Telkomsel users; (2) To determine the influence of service failure severity from internet network issues on brand forgiveness of Telkomsel users; and (3) To determine the influence of service failure severity from internet network issues on each brand forgiveness dimension of telkomsel users. The study used an online survey to collect data. The sample size for this study was 100 respondents. Data analysis was conducted using mean analysis and PLS-SEM. Research Findings: The study findings indicate that: (1) the service failure severity from internet network issues, according to Telkomsel users, is categorized as high; (2) the service failure severity from internet network issues has a significant negative influence on the brand forgiveness of Telkomsel users; (3) the service failure severity from internet network issues has a significant negative influence on each brand forgiveness dimension (cognitive, affective, behavioral) of Telkomsel users. This study simplifies the research conducted by Alnawas et al. (2023) by focusing only on two main variables, service failure severity and brand forgiveness, in order to provide a more focused and in-depth understanding of the relationship between severity of service failure and brand forgiveness

Every coin has two sides: The application of artificial intelligence on employees’ unethical behaviours

ABSTRACT Based on cognitive appraisal theory, this paper performs two studies using time-lag design to explore the influential mechanism of the application of artificial intelligence (AAI) on employees’ unethical behaviours (i.e. knowledge hiding and time theft). Study 1 indicates that AAI demonstrates a significant positive impact on knowledge hiding, while job insecurity plays a mediating role in the aforementioned relationship. Study 2 not only confirms the research findings of Study 1 but also establishes that AAI exerts a significant negative influence on time theft, whereas job insecurity plays a mediating role in the above relationship. Meanwhile, perceived organizational support is capable to weaken the positive effect of AAI on job insecurity, while also weakening the indirect impact of AAI on knowledge hiding and time theft. Overall, this study unveils why, how, and when AAI shall affect employees’ unethical behaviours.

Storms on the Western Black Sea shore: an opportunity for long-distance dispersal of coastal dunes psammophytes?

Coastal areas are among the planet's most dynamic yet vulnerable environments, the shape of sand dunes being typically modeled by two sets of forces: the relatively constant action of wind and waves and the disturbances caused by infrequent but powerful storms. These meteorological events affect the plant communities, but can also play an important role in the long-distance dispersal of some psammophytes. Plants can be exposed, uprooted, broke apart and spread by wind and waves. Then, depending on the resilience of the plant to seawater temperature, the duration of immersion, the type of fragment transported and the suitability of the new habitat, new population can be established. This study aimed to assess the resilience to seawater immersion and the ability of long-distance dispersal of three psammophytes: Convolvulus persicus, Alyssum borzaeanum, and Silene thymifolia. The experiments tested the viability of vegetative fragments and the reproductive capacity of seeds under different exposure periods (5, 10, and 15 days) and temperature conditions: 4 °C (average surface seawater temperature during winter and early spring when storms on the Black Sea Coast occur), 13 °C (average surface seawater temperature), and 23 °C (average summer surface seawater temperature). The increase of both seawater temperature and the exposure time had a significant negative influence on the viability of the vegetative fragments and on germination capacity. After exposure to seawater, Convolvulus persicus, and Silene thymifolia are able to establish new populations through vegetative fragments or seeds, whilst in case of Alyssum borzaeanum, no vegetative regeneration was observed.

Pengaruh Kompensasi dan Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Turnover Intention PT. Renesola Distribusi Indonesia

The aim of this research is to determine the problem of increasing turnover intention at PT. Renesola Distribution Indonesia. This research tries to analyze and determine how compensation and job satisfaction can be related to the increase of turnover intention of PT Renesola Distribution Indonesia employees. The data used in this research was obtained with purposive sampling method directed from PT. Renesola Distribution Indonesia production division worker class with a total of 50 employees, which the sample selection criteria is the same amount of compensation. The data method used is multiple linear regression using IBM SPSS 27. Data collection was carried out by distributing questionnaires to the company employees. The results of this research show that the variables compensation and job satisfaction simultaneously have a negative effect on the employes turnover intention of PT Renesola Distribution Indonesia. The Compensation variable partially has a significant negative influence on employes turnover intention of PT Renesola Distribution Indonesia The partial job satisfaction variable has a significant negative influence on employes turnover intention of PT Renesola Distribution Indonesia.

Mediasi Kepuasan Kerja pada Motivasi dan Beban Kerja untuk Meningkatkan Kinerja Karyawan

This study aims to determine the influence of motivation and workload on performance through job satisfaction. This study was carried out by distributing questionnaires to 50 employees in the marketing division, with statements filled in using a 5 point Likert scale. The data obtained was then analyzed using Partial Least Square (PLS). The result showed that overall performance was influence by motivation and workload through job satisfaction and the rest influenced by other variables outside the research model. Motivation has a significant positive influence on performance and workload has a negative significant influence on performance. On indirect effect, job satisfaction has mediated the two independent variables on the dependent variables. Through job satisfaction, motivation has a significant positive influence on performance and workload through indirect effect has a significant negative on performance.