Negative Shift Research Articles

Aluminum Co-Deposition via DC Magnetron Sputtering for Enhanced Pitting Resistance of Copper–Nickel Alloys

To investigate the improvements in the resistance of Cu–Ni alloys to surface pitting corrosion, Cu–Ni thin films containing Al were fabricated via DC magnetron sputtering. The morphologies of the fabricated samples were obtained using a scanning electron microscopy, which yielded information on the crystal size and sample surface before and after corrosion tests. X-ray diffraction was employed for the structural characterization of the as-deposited films, and vibrational spectroscopy was used to verify the corrosion products. The corrosion behaviors of the Cu–Ni and Cu–Ni–Al samples were examined using electrochemical polarization and cyclic corrosion tests. The Al co-deposited samples showed a refined crystal size as compared to the Cu–Ni sample, suggesting that they are more susceptible to the formation of a passivation film. The corrosion current density of the Cu–Ni–Al was reduced, and the corrosion potential was lower than that without Al content. The negative shift in the corrosion potential of the Al-containing samples indicates that the Al2O3 film suppressed the cathodic reaction, resulting in a decrease in the corrosion rate. These results are consistent with the cyclic corrosion test results, in which no pitting corrosion is observed in the Cu–Ni–Al sample.

Multiple timescales of temporal context in risky choice: Behavioral identification and relationships to physiological arousal.

Context-dependence is fundamental to risky monetary decision-making. A growing body of evidence suggests that temporal context, or recent events, alters risk-taking at a minimum of three timescales: immediate (e.g. trial-by-trial), neighborhood (e.g. a group of consecutive trials), and global (e.g. task-level). To examine context effects, we created a novel monetary choice set with intentional temporal structure in which option values shifted between multiple levels of value magnitude ("contexts") several times over the course of the task. This structure allowed us to examine whether effects of each timescale were simultaneously present in risky choice behavior and the potential mechanistic role of arousal, an established correlate of risk-taking, in context-dependency. We found that risk-taking was sensitive to immediate, neighborhood, and global timescales: risk-taking decreased following large (vs. small) outcome amounts, increased following large positive (but not negative) shifts in context, and increased when cumulative earnings exceeded expectations. We quantified arousal with skin conductance responses, which were related to the global timescale, increasing with cumulative earnings, suggesting that physiological arousal captures a task-level assessment of performance. Our results both replicate and extend prior research by demonstrating that risky decision-making is consistently dynamic at multiple timescales and that the role of arousal in risk-taking extends to some, but not all timescales of context-dependence.

Sr-induced Fermi Engineering of β-FeOOHfor Multifunctional Catalysis.

Designing a multifunctional electrocatalyst to produce H2 from water, urea, urine, and wastewater, is highly desirable yet challenging because it demands precise Fermi-engineering to realize stronger π-donation from O 2p to electron(e- )-deficient metal (t2g ) d-orbitals. Here a Sr-induced phase transformed β-FeOOH/α-Ni(OH)2 catalyst anchored on Ni-foam (designated as pt-NFS) is introduced, where Sr produces plenteous Fe4+ (Fe3+ → Fe4+ ) to modulate Fermi level and e- -transfer from e- -rich Ni3+ (t2g )-orbitals to e- -deficient Fe4+ (t2g )-orbitals, via strong π-donation from the π-symmetry lone-pair of O bridge. pt-NFS utilizes Fe-sites near the Sr-atom to break the H─O─H bonds and weakens the adsorption of *O while strengthening that of *OOH, toward hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER), respectively. Invaluably, Fe-sites of pt-NFS activate H2 -production from urea oxidation reaction (UOR) through a one-stage pathway which, unlike conventional two-stage pathways with two NH3 -molecules, involves only one NH3 -molecule. Owing to more suitable kinetic energetics, pt-NFS requires 133mV (negative potential shift), 193mV, ≈1.352V, and ≈1.375V versus RHE for HER, OER, UOR, and human urine oxidation, respectively, to reach the benchmark 10 mAcm-2 and also demonstrates remarkable durability of over 25h. This work opens a new corridor to design multifunctional electrocatalysts with precise Fermi engineering through d-band modulation.

Effect of anions on the anodic dissolution behavior of iron: An electrochemical and density functional theory study

The influences of SO42−, Cl−, ClO4− and BF4− on the corrosion behavior of Fe in acidic solutions were quantitatively investigated through macro- and micro-electrochemical techniques, combined with DFT calculation. The electrochemical results showed that the corrosion rate increased in the order of BF4−, ClO4−, Cl− and SO42−, confirmed by the negative shift of OCP and Ecorr, the decrease of Rct and the increase of k0eff of Fe oxidation. DFT calculation showed that the adsorption of SO42− on Fe(100) surface was easier and stronger than Cl−, and caused more significant Fe surface structure changes, resulting in more serious corrosion of Fe.

Tribocorrosion behavior of TC18 titanium alloy: A discussion about the interaction between galvanic corrosion and wear

Titanium and aluminum couplings are susceptible to both corrosion and wear during their service life. When the passive film on the titanium surface is worn off, the galvanic effect will affect the corrosion-wear interaction, and tribocorrosion mechanism is altered accordingly. A combination of electrochemical techniques (Potentiostatic and Potentiodynamic Polarization), characterization of wear scar morphology (Scanning Electron Microscope, SEM and a 3D profilometer), and analysis of wear debris composition (Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy, SERS) were employed to clarify the tribocorrosion mechanism. The results show that the wear effect is predominant for the tribocorrosion of TC18 titanium alloy, and the corrosion-induced wear increment mainly comes from the ploughing effect of regenerated passive film. When the titanium alloy is coupled with aluminum, the corrosion acceleration is weak, while the cathodic reaction increases due to the negative shift of the corrosion potential. This results in the regenerated passive film containing a higher proportion of easily sheared low-valent titanium oxides and titanium hydrides, promoting the wear rate.

Devonian-Carboniferous boundary beds in the Kuz-Yama section (Northern Cis-Urals) - Conodonts, ostracods, and carbon isotope record

The Devonian-Carboniferous boundary interval is characterized by biotic crisis, global transgressive-regressive sequences and carbon cycle change, probably caused by climatic changes and volcanic activity. This interval attracts the attention of researchers worldwide in relation to selecting a new Devonian-Carboniferous boundary level. However the Northern Cis-Urals region remains poorly studied in this respect. This study focuses on the Kuz-Yama key section (Northern Cis-Urals) and contributes to our knowledge of the regional expression of the Devonian-Carboniferous boundary in northeastern Europe. The study of the Kuz-Yama section (Verkhnyaya Pechora Trough) involved an examination of the calciturbidites, hemipelagic shales and carbonates that constitute the poorly constrained uppermost Famennian to lower Tournaisian deep-water succession. The conodont and ostracod associations are poorly diversified. The presence of Polygnathus zikmundovae, in association with a positive δ13Ccarb excursion (up to 3.9 ‰), marks the base of the Late praesulcata conodont Zone (=base of the Protognathodus kockeli conodont Zone) in the lower part of the succession. The Devonian-Carboniferous boundary is indicated by the appearance of Siphonodella sulcata, that coincides with a positive shift in the decoupling of δ13Ccarb and δ13Ccon values, probably caused by a global decrease in CO2 associated with the regional crisis within pelagic ecosystems. The sulcata conodont Zone, bounded by the first occurrence of Siphonodella sulcata at the bottom and Siphonodella bransoni at the top of the section, contains Tournaisian ostracods. The ostracods compose mixed associations of the shallow-water Pseudoleperditia venulosa-Coryellina alba-Cribroconcha primaris ostracod Zone and the deep-water Armilla uralica ostracode Zone. The co-occurrence of shallow-water and deep-water conodont and ostracod taxa in the Tournaisian part of the section enhances the correlation of the shallow-water and deep-water conodont and ostracod zonations. The base of the shallow-water Siphonodella ludmilae conodont Zone roughly correlates with the base of the deep-water bransoni Zone. The base of Armilla uralica deep-water ostracod Zone in the Kuz-Yama section lies within the Pseudoleperditia venulosa-Coryellina alba-Cribroconcha primaris shallow-water ostracod Zone. The following sequence of events can be recognised in the Kuz-Yama section: first occurrence of Polygnathus zikmundovae Zhuravlev (approximately corresponding to the base of the Protognathodus kockeli Zone), positive shift in the inorganic δ13C (= Hangenberg carbon isotope excursion), latest Famennian regression, negative shift in the δ13C of conodont elements just below the base of the sulcata Zone, entry of the Tournaisian transgression, positive shift in decoupled inorganic and conodont δ13C near the base of sulcata Zone, positive shift in inorganic δ13C in the sulcata Zone, appearance of the Tournaisian ostracods, first occurrences of the conodonts Siphonodella bransoni Ji and S. ludmilae Zhuravlev & Plotitsyn (= base of the bransoni Zone). In general, this sequence corresponds to that identified around the Devonian-Carboniferous boundary in other regions.

Development of an inexpensive poly(MO)/CNT@PGE for voltammetric investigation of Methocarbamol in presence of Levofloxacin

This work describes the voltammetric investigation of trace amounts of pain reliever drug methocarbamol (MET) by carbon nanotubes decorated methyl orange polymerized pencil graphite electrode (poly(MO)/CNT@PGE). The proposed modified electrode was prepared by electropolymerization of methyl orange (MO) over the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) decorated on PGE. The geomorphologies of the equipped sensors were accomplished by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) study. The electrochemical behaviour of MET in presence of levofloxacin (LVF) has been studied by applying different voltammetric techniques in 0.1 M PBS of pH 4.0. The proposed poly(MO)/CNT@PGE shows enhanced peak current with a small negative shift in peak potential for MET over the bare and modified electrodes due to the electrocatalytic features of the modifiers. The different parameters such as effect of polymer layers, pH, scan rate, concentrations, simultaneous and selectivity study for MET were studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV), linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and square wave voltammetry (SWV). The computed limit of detection (LOD) for MET at different concentrations (10.0–110.0 µM for DPV and 1.0–12.0 µM for SWV) was found to be 5.24 µM and 0.69 µM, respectively. The adapted electrode exhibits special characteristic features such as stability, repeatability, reproducibility, fast electron transfer behaviour and charge transfer resistance (Rct). Based on the results obtained, number of electrons (n), number of protons (m), heterogeneous rate constant (ko) and surface concentration (Γ0) of MET have been calculated by using relative formulae. The selectivity and applicability of the modified electrode were premeditated by real sample investigation of MET present in pharmaceutical tablets with good recovery results to confirm the analytical pertinence of the proposed sensor.

Stability and gap states of amorphous In-Ga-Zn-Ox thin film transistors: Impact of sputtering configuration and post-annealing on device performance

Stability of amorphous In-Ga-Zn-Ox (a-IGZO) thin-film-transistors (TFTs) is studied from a viewpoint of gap states, associated with oxygen-related defects and structural disordering. The a-IGZO gap states are controlled through the film preparation by magnetron sputtering under two different configurations and post-annealing in oxygen atmosphere. The distribution of gap states is then evaluated from the subgap absorption spectrum, which is measured by a constant photocurrent measurement technique. With this known distribution, a-IGZO TFTs are fabricated, and the stability of the TFT performances is examined through the negative bias induced stability (NBIS) experiments. The results suggest that a negative threshold voltage shift, induced by NBIS, is improved by reducing the density of gap states, i.e., narrowing the gap state distribution. The reduction of gap states also contributes to the improvement of subthreshold swing.

Tuning the Sign and Magnitude of Complexation‐Induced pKa Shifts in Cucurbit[7]uril Host‐Guest Complexes by Molecular Engineering

AbstractCucurbiturils are popular macrocyclic receptors that bind complementary guest molecules with high affinity in aqueous environments. They are recognized for their ability to selectively bind positively charged guest molecules, including ionizable ammonium cations which frequently display much higher affinity than their neutral counterparts. This selectivity for the protonated species is translated into an increase in the basicity of encapsulated guests (i. e. into complexation‐induced positive pKa shifts). However, despite being very rare, negative pKa shifts can be observed for specific guests. Following a previous work from our group reporting slightly negative pKa shifts for flavylium and chalcone dyes featuring N‐diethylamino substituents (ΔpKa=− 0.2), herein we report a systematic study on the complexation of N‐dialkylaminochalcones with CB7. The results show that the pKa shifts of these host‐guest complexes can be rationally tuned by the nature of the N‐dialkylamino groups and as well by target substitutions on the skeleton of the dye, allowing the design of a CB7 1 : 1 host‐guest complex with a ΔpKa=− 0.6.

Impact of circumpolar deep water on organic carbon isotopes and ice-rafted debris in West Antarctic: a case study in the Amundsen Sea

This research delves into the interaction between carbon isotopes, ice-rafted debris (IRD), and Circumpolar Deep Water (CDW) in the Amundsen Sea, West Antarctic. Utilizing sediment core ANT36-A11-04, we traced the source of the organic matter though an analysis of the total organic carbon (TOC), stable carbon isotopes (δ13Corg), and nitrogen content. We identified six environmental events in this region since the Mid-Holocene, which were discerned through a comparative analysis of the δ13Corg, TOC, and IRD content. These events were closely linked to variations in the intensity of the CDW. Notably, the synchronous occurrence of a negative shift in the δ13Corg value and increases in TOC and IRD highlight the significant impact of CDW intrusion, underlining the pivotal role of the CDW in the regional environmental evolution. Specifically, intensified upwelling of the CDW was correlated with increased heat and nutrients, enhanced glacier melting, phytoplankton blooms, higher TOC content, augmented deposition of IRD, and finally resulted in a negative shift in the δ13Corg value. We present a comprehensive picture of the local environmental evolution in the Amundsen Sea, characterized as a marine-glacial-biological coupling model, thereby contributing to a broader understanding of Antarctic environmental dynamics.

355 nm Nanosecond Ultraviolet Pulsed Laser Annealing Effects on Amorphous In-Ga-ZnO Thin Film Transistors.

Bottom-gate thin-film transistors (TFTs) with n-type amorphous indium-gallium-zinc oxide (a-IGZO) active channels and indium-tin oxide (ITO) source/drain electrodes were fabricated. Then, an ultraviolet (UV) nanosecond pulsed laser with a wavelength of 355 nm was scanned to locally anneal the active channel at various laser powers. After laser annealing, negative shifts in the threshold voltages and enhanced on-currents were observed at laser powers ranging from 54 to 120 mW. The energy band gap and work function of a-IGZO extracted from the transmittance and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) measurement data confirm that different energy band structures for the ITO electrode/a-IGZO channel were established depending on the laser annealing conditions. Based on these observations, the electron injection mechanism from ITO electrodes to a-IGZO channels was analyzed. The results show that the selective laser annealing process can improve the electrical performance of the a-IGZO TFTs without any thermal damage to the substrate.

Corrosion behavior and oxide layer of selective-laser-melted Al-Mg-Sc-Zr alloy in marine atmospheric environment with different Cl−concentration

In this study, the corrosion response of the Al-Mg-Sc-Zr alloy produced by selective laser-melting in marine atmospheric environments with different Cl− concentrations was studied by electrochemical and immersion. Microstructural observations showed the microstructural of Al-Mg- Sc -Zr alloy featured a double grain microstructure, making up a coarse and fine grain area. TEM showed that some white precipitates enriched with Zr and Sc were dispersed in the samples. The potentiodynamic polarization test indicated increasing the Cl− concentration led to a negative shift of corrosion potential and narrowed the potential range of the passive zone, which also caused the increase of corrosion current density value. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy showed that higher Cl− concentration was greatly detrimental to generating a compact and dense oxide film on the Al-Mg-Sc-Zr alloys, as indicated by decreasing the resistance of the corrosion product layer and charge transfer resistance. The immersion test demonstrated that the samples suffered serious pit corrosion when the Cl− content increased to 1.5 and 3.5 wt%, showing a larger size and more depth of corrosion pits. This study is expected to provide data to determine the reliability of the SLM-manufactured Al-Mg-Sc-Zr alloy in marine atmospheric conditions.

How did small business respond to unexpected shocks? Evidence from a natural experiment in China

We analyze how managerial beliefs about firm growth and business conditions change during unexpected shocks. Using the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in China as a natural experiment, we conduct an at-scale quarterly tracking survey with the People’s Bank of China on small business managers about subjective responses and objective information about their firms’ conditions. We find that managerial beliefs are consistent with firms’ performance before the pandemic; managers tend to be optimistic and underreact during the peak while becoming pessimistic and overreacting after the peak. We show that the existence of moderates and anchoring effects may explain such alternations in managerial beliefs, and government policy support could effectively mitigate the negative shifts in these beliefs. Further, managerial biases formed during the pandemic might affect firms’ decision-making in the future, leading to unintended aggregate inefficiency.

Fe, Ni doped carbon nanofibers as dual functional electrocatalyst prepared by in-situ grown SiO2-protected in nanoconfinement

Fuel cells (FCs) and metal-air batteries (MABs) are promising alternatives to traditional fossil fuels, but the sluggish kinetics and irreversibility of the oxygen evolution/reduction reaction (OER/ORR) currently limit their development. Hence, developing a new bifunctional catalyst for FCs and MABs is essential, as most electrocatalysts are single functional due to their single catalytic sites. In this study, electrospinning and SiO2 coating method are combined to create a dual-atom catalysts (DACs) for ORR and OER, which included the noble-metal-free bi-sites (FeN4, NiN4) anchored carbon nanofiber (CNFs). The SiO2 nanoshells have been in-situ grown on the surface of the pre-oxidation nanofibers and prevent metal atom aggregation owing to nanoconfinement strategy, which has been a Gordian knot for synthesizing DACs. The as-obtained electrocatalyst exhibits distinguished activities for ORR (E1/2 = 0.79 V vs. RHE) and OER (Ej10 = 1.67 V vs. RHE). Furthermore, using the first-principles calculation, the charge redistribution and orbital coupling of Fe center and Ni center elucidate the enhanced catalytic activity of the material: the more positive charges benefit the absorption of oxygen while the negative shift of projected density of state (PDOS) enhance the deabsorption capacity, both of which brought about the enhanced catalytic activity.

Adsorption and vibrational spectroscopy of CO on the surface of MgO from periodic local coupled-cluster theory.

The adsorption of CO on the surface of MgO has long been a model problem in surface chemistry. Here, we report periodic Gaussian-based calculations for this problem using second-order perturbation theory (MP2) and coupled-cluster theory with single and double excitations (CCSD) and perturbative triple excitations [CCSD(T)], with the latter two performed using a recently developed extension of the local natural orbital approximation to problems with periodic boundary conditions. The low cost of periodic local correlation calculations allows us to calculate the full CCSD(T) binding curve of CO approaching the surface of MgO (and thus the adsorption energy) and the two-dimensional potential energy surface (PES) as a function of the distance from the surface and the CO stretching coordinate. From the PES, we obtain the fundamental vibrational frequency of CO on MgO, whose shift from the gas phase value is a common experimental probe of surface adsorption. We find that CCSD(T) correctly predicts a positive frequency shift upon adsorption of +14.7 cm-1, in excellent agreement with the experimental shift of +14.3 cm-1. We use our CCSD(T) results to assess the accuracy of MP2, CCSD, and several density functional theory (DFT) approximations, including exchange correlation functionals and dispersion corrections. We find that MP2 and CCSD yield reasonable binding energies and frequency shifts, whereas many DFT calculations overestimate the magnitude of the adsorption energy by 5-15 kJ mol-1 and predict a negative frequency shift of about -20 cm-1, which we attribute to self-interaction-induced delocalization errors that are mildly ameliorated with hybrid functionals. Our findings highlight the accuracy and computational efficiency of the periodic local correlation for the simulation of surface chemistry with accurate wavefunction methods.

Investigation on Germanium Transistors with HfOx-Based Gate Stacks for CMOS Operations

Germanium (Ge) FinFETs with HfOx-based gate stacks are fabricated to study the CMOS applications. To evaluate the logic circuit operation, the associated CMOS inverters are characterized. Compared to the HfO2, the Hf0.5Zr0.5Ox (HZO) gate stack provides higher drive currents and more symmetric Vth behaviors, which should be associated with the polarization effect. Through cyclic voltage transfer characteristic (VTC) operation and systematical analysis, it is found that both polarization and charge trapping in the gate stack impact the device characteristics. The HZO devices show a negative VTC shift with cycling, while the HfO2 devices reveal a positive shift. This opposite VTC behavior for both gate stack schemes indicates that the interaction of interface states and dipoles significantly influences the device operation. The results revealed in this work present a comprehensive understanding of HfOx-based device optimization.

Exploration of structural influences on the ferroelectric switching characteristics of ferroelectric thin-film transistors.

In this paper, quantitative analysis was performed focusing on the structural effect on the ferroelectric switching of ferroelectric thin-film transistors (FeTFTs). FeTFTs and ferroelectric capacitor (FeCap) test element groups (TEGs) were designed and fabricated, and positive-up-negative-down (PUND) measurements were performed to analyze the switching characteristics of ferroelectric films in various structures constituting an FeTFT. It was verified that TiN/HZO/a-IGZO/Mo (MFSM, FeTFT source/drain contact) mostly contributed to the memory operation of an FeTFT, while TiN/HZO/a-IGZO (MFS, FeTFT channel) exhibits one-time memory operation with irreversible polarization switching. In addition, the switching characteristics of MFSM and MFS were different from those of MFM, especially after a few cycles, related to the oxygen vacancy migration between a-IGZO channels and HZO films. The extracted 2Pr values for MFS, MFSM and TiN/HZO/Mo (MFM, FeTFT source/drain parasitic capacitor) were 38, 28 and 20 [μC cm-2], respectively. Based on the operation differences according to the device structure, it was found that irreversible switching in the MFS region (channel) causes a rapid decrease in the memory window after the first switching in an FeTFT and degradation of a-IGZO and HZO films in the MFSM region (contact) including oxygen vacancy exchange and related defect generation causes subthreshold slope increases and negative threshold voltage shifts as cycling stress was applied.

The case of a μ2-P aromatic phosphinine as a 4-electron donor forming σ- and π-three-center-two-electron bonds.

Profound insight into the electronic structures of occasionally observed μ2-P bridging phosphinines remains limited. In this work, we present the isolation and X-ray crystallographic characterization of a dimeric Rh(I) phosphinine complex exhibiting both η1-P and μ2-P phosphinine coordination modes. Variable temperature NMR analyses and DOSY spectrum measurement confirmed the presence of two types of fluxional phenomena in solution: η1-P phosphinine bonding and dissociation, and η1-P and μ2-P equilibrium. DFT calculations in conjunction with single crystal X-ray diffraction studies suggest that the μ2-P phosphinines donate four electrons via a σ-lone pair and a high-lying π-type electron pair, instead of two σ-lone pairs, forming σ- and π-three-center-two-electron bonds. The stronger π-type interactions lead to longer P-C bonds and larger negative coordination chemical shifts for μ2-P phosphinines. However, the binding interactions of μ2-P are thermodynamically weaker than those of η1-P. Reactivity studies further confirm the labile nature of the μ2-P phosphinine bonds, which could be easily converted to an η1-P phosphinine.

A fast 2D MoS2 photodetector with ultralow contact resistance.

Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), such as molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), hold great promise for next-generation nanoelectronic and nanophotonic devices. While high photoresponsivity and broad spectral coverage (UV-IR) have been reported, the slow response time of MoS2 photodetectors caused by their unfavorable RC characteristics is still a major limit in current devices. Once the RC limit issue is resolved, the intrinsic saturation drift velocity of electrons in TMDs (∼106 cm s-1) may enable GHz opto-electronic operations. Recent breakthroughs in device fabrication technology have enabled significant progress in exploring the possibilities of high-speed TMD photodetectors. In this work, using semi-metallic bismuth contacts to suppress metal-induced gap states (MIGS), an MoS2 photodetector with ultra-low contact resistance (<400 Ω μm) was fabricated. The device exhibited a broad bandwidth and high photoresponsivity (>1 A W-1). In particular, using an acousto-optic modulator (AOM)-modulated 532 nm laser, a -3 dB cutoff frequency of ∼70 kHz was obtained, which was corroborated by directly observed rise/fall times (on a scale of 10 μs). An extrinsic effect, where defective states of BN induce a negative shift in the photocurrent baseline was further identified and attributed to charge-induced screening, elucidating where a device can exhibit different dynamic and static response behaviors simultaneously. Our results may shed light for future GHz optoelectronic applications employing TMDs as a platform.

Sol-gel derived ceramic nanocomposite CNFs anchored with a nanostructured CeO2 modified graphite electrode for monitoring the interaction of a selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor capmatinib with dsDNA.

In the current study, the potential interaction mechanisms between capmatinib (CAP), a selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor, and calf thymus double-stranded DNA (ds-DNA) were evaluated. In this research, we construct an amplified electrochemical platform based on a disposable pencil graphite electrode (PGE) modified with nanostructured CeO2 decorated carbon nanofiber ceramic film (CeNPs@CNF-CF) for monitoring CAP-dsDNA interaction at physiological pH. The morphology and structure of the obtained CeNPs@CNF nanocomposite were characterized. The CeNPs@CNF-CF/PGE was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The CAP-dsDNA interaction was examined using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and square wave voltammetry (SWV) techniques. Voltammetric experiments were conducted using CeNPs@CNF-CF/PGE. The interaction of CAP with dsDNA was investigated after applying different incubation times. The addition of dsDNA to the CAP solution decreased the peak currents of the latter and led to a negative shift in peak potentials, suggesting that the electrostatic type of interaction is the most likely to occur. SWV was employed to quantify dsDNA, demonstrating excellent sensitivity (LOD = 5 × 10-8 M). The binding constant (K b) of CAP and dsDNA was calculated to be 4.54 ± 0.18 × 104 M-1 using SW voltammetric data.