Negative Self-esteem Research Articles

Personal resilience among novice teachers and teacher-interns in Arab society in Israel: demographic, socio-emotional and educational characteristics

ABSTRACT Unlike previous studies that have investigated teachers’ personal resilience, the current study sought to examine its demographic characteristics and its relationships with socio-emotional and educational factors, and to consider differences in personal resilience between novice teachers and teacher-interns with low, medium and high levels of personal resilience. The participants were 298 novice teachers and teacher-interns in Arab schools in the north of Israel, who filled out questionnaires that included demographic details, and measures of personal resilience, subjective happiness, positive and negative affect, self-esteem, social anxiety, and teaching motivation. The findings indicated significant differences between the participants on the relationship between personal resilience and teaching status, teaching internship and teaching seniority. In addition, a significant positive correlation was found between personal resilience and subjective happiness, but negative correlations were found between personal resilience and negative affect, social anxiety, social fear, and social avoidance. Significant differences were found between three categories (low, medium and high personal resilience) of novice teachers and teacher-interns for social avoidance, social anxiety, general affect, negative affect, and teaching motivation. The authors concluded that workshops for the mentioned teachers should focus primarily on increasing their personal resilience, which is crucial for their optimal integration into the education system.

Construction of women's empowerment index for Bangladesh

IntroductionThis study is dedicated to refining and enhancing the measurement model of women's empowerment in Bangladesh. Women's empowerment, a crucial and multifaceted aspect of societal growth, is often hindered by gender disparities. This is particularly evident in societies like Bangladesh, where women face inequalities in education, economic opportunities, and decision-making power. To address these disparities effectively, it is essential to have a comprehensive understanding of women's empowerment. Therefore, this study aims to refine and enhance the measurement model to capture the multifaceted nature of women's empowerment accurately.MethodsTo gather data for this study, a structured questionnaire was administered to married women of reproductive age (15–49) in eight Mouza/Mohalla in Dhaka, Bangladesh. This unique approach allowed us to capture a diverse range of perspectives. We used thirty-three indicators across economic, socio-cultural, household, and psychological dimensions to measure women's empowerment. The sample data were then randomly divided for exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) to identify and validate a comprehensive multidimensional framework.ResultsOut of 625 respondents, only 36% of women worked, and ~39% married before age 18. Employing thirty-three items in EFA led to identifying eight critical factors (economic independence, control over household financial decisions, household decision-making, reproductive decision-making, freedom of movement, media exposure, positive self-esteem, and negative self-esteem). These factors, which explained 72.661% of the total variance in the data, provide a practical framework for understanding and addressing women's empowerment. Each component was then divided into two sub-dimensions to acquire a better understanding. The CFA indicated a good model fit for each dimension, and convergent and discriminant validity assessments were used to establish reliability and validity, further enhancing the practical implications of our findings.ConclusionsThe results of our rigorous exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses not only confirmed the sample structures and internal consistency but also provided significant insights. The findings suggested an adequate fit for all CFA models, indicating the robustness of our measurement model. According to the CFA results, each dimension's variables are satisfactory, and all the dimensions can be combined to create a single index measuring women's empowerment. This comprehensive understanding of women's empowerment, with its specific dimensions and factors, equips policymakers and practitioners with the knowledge to develop a wide range of interventions appropriate to particular facets of empowerment, thereby fostering societal growth and gender equality.

Psychometric evaluation of the Persian version of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale among medical sciences students

IntroductionThe present research carried out to assess the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) among medical sciences students.MethodsThis methodological study took place at Shahroud and Semnan Universities of Medical Sciences in Iran. A sample of 380 medical sciences students was selected through convenience sampling. The study assessed face and content validity, and maximum likelihood explanatory factor analysis (MLEFA) was performed. To evaluate the proposed model by MLEFA, confirmatory factor analysis was carried out. Reliability was examined using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, McDonald’s omega, and the intra-class correlation coefficient.ResultsThe students had an average age of 22.49 ± 2.72 years. The maximum likelihood explanatory factor analysis (MLEFA) divided the RSES into two components: positive self-esteem and negative self-esteem, which together explained 50.7% of the total variance. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the model fit the observed data well. The resulting subscales exhibited high internal consistency and stability.ConclusionThe findings of the current study indicate that the Persian version of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale possesses acceptable validity and reliability among Iranian medical sciences students.

Psychological Effects Arising from Weak Erection Among males in South-South Nigeria

Weak erection among male are on the increased and caused psychological trauma to male and also to their female counterpart who could not get satisfaction from their partners during sexual intercourse and it is a disturbing act Majority of the males facing weak erection pass through several degrees of psychological trauma that have affected their biopsychological system including their cognitive response. The aim of the study is to evaluate The Psychological Effects Arising from Weak Erection Among males in South-South, Nigeria. This was a cross-sectional study involving 480 males who were within the age of 18 to 47 years. A well-structured questionnaire was administered to participants. Each participant had one questionnaire to fill appropriately and independently after instructions were given to them by the Research Assistants. The study lasted for a period of 3 months. The results of this study showed that participants faced varieties of psychological complications due to erectile dysfunction and these include depression (83.3%), shame (83.3%), isolation (60.4%), negative self-esteem (83.3%), (2.08%) said they could not approach ladies of their choice, (83.3%) felt embarrassed, (79.2%) thought deeply and (72.92%) said they could not coordinate themselves. The statistical analysis was carried out using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 23.

Assessing Affective Dimensions of the Interpersonal Circumplex: Development and Validation of the Interpersonal Emotion Inventory

Interpersonal emotions are feelings distinctively associated with real or imagined interpersonal situations. We propose that interpersonal emotions can be organized within the same circumplex used by contemporary integrative interpersonal theory to organize other aspects of interpersonal functioning. Our research explores the affective dimensions underpinning the interpersonal circumplex (IPC) and maps distinct emotional dispositions using coordinates for agentic and communal affect. Our aim is to provide a better differentiated and more comprehensive taxonomy of interpersonal emotions consistent with the IPC framework. In an initial development study (N = 1223 undergraduates) we used circumplex and psychometric criteria to create a 64-item Interpersonal Emotion Inventory (IEI), a novel self-report measure of interpersonal emotions reflecting each IPC octant. We then tested the structural properties and utility of the IEI in a preregistered validation study (N = 278 community participants). Across both studies, the IEI scales exhibited good fit to a two-dimensional circular model. The IEI demonstrated robust convergent, discriminant, and incremental validity in relation to measures of interpersonal values and problems, positive and negative affect, adult attachment, self-conscious emotions, self-esteem, and facets of narcissism. By complementing existing measures of affect and interpersonal phenomena, the IEI should prove useful in both research and clinical contexts.

The predictors of social exclusion in Afghan immigrants in Türkiye.

Immigrants may experience many psychosocial problems when migrating from a home to a host country, including social isolation. Social exclusion is also important among the problems experienced by immigrants. This study aims to determine the factors affecting Afghan immigrants' perceived social exclusion in Türkiye. Accordingly, a cross-sectional study was conducted on 211 Afghan immigrants (Mage=30.66, SD=9), 24% of whom were females. The socio-demographic information form, social exclusion scale, self-esteem rating scale, and life satisfaction scale were used to collect data in this study. The findings showed that Turkish language proficiency, the length of residence in Türkiye, working status in Türkiye, life satisfaction, and negative self-esteem were predictor factors for social exclusion. Considering the results, suggestions to decision-makers and mental health professionals to reduce the perceived social exclusion of Afghan immigrants are discussed.

Examining the Protective Impact of Peer Relationships on Negative Self-Esteem among High-Risk Adolescents: The Interplay of Gender and Ethnicity

Examining the Protective Impact of Peer Relationships on Negative Self-Esteem among High-Risk Adolescents: The Interplay of Gender and Ethnicity

The Influence Relationship between College Students’ Self-Esteem, Appearance Satisfaction, and Beauty Interest for Protection and Convergence

Purpose: In the contemporary world, where personal values and standards of living are on the rise, appearance is not only an important means of self-expression, but also plays a central role in the formation and expression of the self. By being satisfied with one's appearance, one can fulfill the outer and inner beauty of the body, thereby increasing self-esteem and maintaining good interpersonal relationships and positive social behavior in social life. With the increasing importance of appearance in modern society, interest in beauty is also increasing. The objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between self-esteem, appearance satisfaction, and beauty interest among college students. Method: Questionnaires were distributed offline to college students at four-year universities in Gyeon ggi-do for about one month from September to October 2023 and analyzed using the SPSS V.27.0 sta tistical package program to investigate the relationship between self-esteem, appearance satisfaction, and beauty interest. Stepwise multiple regression analysis was used to examine the relationship betwe en self-esteem, appearance satisfaction and beauty interest. Results: First, the results of the analysis of the effect of self-esteem on appearance satisfaction sho wed that self-esteem had a significant effect on two sub-dimensions of appearance satisfaction: appea rance confidence and appearance anxiety. Second, the effect of self-esteem on beauty interest was an alyzed, and it was found that positive self-esteem and negative self-esteem had a significant effect o n the sub-factor of beauty interest, fashion interest. Third, the results of the analysis of the effect of appearance satisfaction on beauty interest showed that self-control interest and others' fashion interes t are influenced by appearance satisfaction and have a defining effect on appearance self -confidence and appearance anxiety. Conclusion: The expansion of the beauty industry has given rise to the emergence of numerous beauty-related fields, which has resulted in a surge in various forms of consumption. It is our contention that multidisciplinary research should be conducted on various generations of consumers in the beauty industry, and we anticipate contributing to further research on beauty interest.

Negative life events and college students' adjustment: the mediating role of self-esteem and the moderating role of grade.

The present research explored the relationship among negative life events, self-esteem, grade, and adjustment of college students. In total, 1,717 college students were investigated by the adolescent life events scale, Rosenberg self-esteem inventory, and Chinese college students' adjustment scale. The results showed that negative life events were negatively correlated with self-esteem and college students' adjustment. Moreover, self-esteem was positively correlated with college students' adjustment. Negative life events significantly negatively predicted college students' adjustment, and self-esteem mediated the relationship between negative life events and college students' adjustment. Grade moderated the effects of negative life events on college students' adjustment. These findings have broad implications for college students' mental health.

Network analysis of the relationship between non-suicidal self-injury, depression, and childhood trauma in adolescents

BackgroundNon-suicidal self-injury seriously harm the physical and mental health of adolescents. The aim of the current study was to explore the relationship between non-suicide self-injury, depression, and childhood trauma from the perspective of symptoms in adolescents.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted in four junior high middle schools and collected 2640 valid questionnaires. There were 1329 male students and 1311 female students. The age of the participants ranged from 11 to 17 years old, with a mean age of 13.3 (± 0.94) years. Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), depressive symptoms, and childhood trauma were assessed using the Adolescent Self-Harm Scale, the Childhood Depression Scale, and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, respectively. A network analysis was performed.ResultsIn the network, NSSI, depressive symptoms, and childhood trauma were closely related. Negative self-esteem in the depressive symptoms and emotional abuse in childhood were the most central nodes. Negative self-esteem and negative mood were directly connected to NSSI, other nodes of depressive symptoms appeared to be indirectly connected to NSSI through these two nodes. Emotional abuse was the only node in childhood trauma categories directly connected to NSSI. Nodes of other categories of childhood trauma (physical neglect, physical abuse, emotional neglect, and sexual abuse) were indirectly connected to NSSI through emotional abuse.ConclusionsNSSI, depression, and childhood trauma of teenagers were closely related. Individuals who have suffered emotional abuse in childhood were more likely to have depressive symptoms and NSSI. Improving negative self-esteem and negative emotions and reducing emotional abuse may be beneficial in alleviating depression and reducing NSSI in adolescents.

Exploring perceptions of self-stigma of substance use and current alcohol and marijuana use patterns among college students.

While research has examined the effect of stigma from others towards individuals with substance use disorders, few studies have examined the relationship between perceived self-stigma and engagement in substance use more broadly, especially among non-clinical samples. The present study examined the relationships between perceptions of self-stigma if one were to develop a substance use disorder, consisting of negative self-esteem and negative self-efficacy, and alcohol or marijuana use behaviors and outcomes. Participants (n = 2,243; 71.5% female) were college students within the U.S. recruited to participate in an online survey on substance use with a special focus on alcohol and marijuana. Results indicated no significant differences in stigma scores across individuals with different lifetime alcohol and marijuana use. Stigma ratings did differ between individuals with different profiles of last 30-day alcohol and marijuana use where, generally, individuals with lifetime use but no use in the last 30-day reported higher levels of self-stigma. Correlation analyses indicated that perceived impact of substance use disorder on sense of self-efficacy and self-esteem related negatively to nearly all observed factors of alcohol and marijuana use. Though self-stigma, and stigma more broadly, has been shown to have negative implications for people with substance use disorders, the present study suggests that for non-clinical populations there may be some protective association between perceived self-stigma and alcohol or marijuana use engagement. This is not to say that self-stigma is a positive clinical intervention. Rather, we interpret these findings to indicate that negative perceptions of substance use disorder on the sense of self may be associated with distinct alcohol and marijuana use behaviors among young adults.

The Relationship between Self-Esteem and Academic Burnout in Students of SMPN 5 Jambi City

Based on the background of the problem, the phenomenon of academic burnout among students is a serious concern in Indonesia. Academic burnout is a condition experienced by individuals due to high academic demands resulting in fatigue, apathy towards academics, and a decrease in academic achievement. One of the causes of academic burnout is the individual's lack of confidence in his abilities. This research aims to show that there is a relationship between self-esteem and academic burnout of students at SMPN 5 Jambi City. This research is limited to academic burnout which has aspects of Exhaustion, Cynicism, and Reduced academic efficacy. Self-esteem which consists of competence and worthiness. The sample in this research was 285 students. This research uses research instruments in the form of an academic burnout scale and a self-esteem scale with the selection of answer options using a Likert scale. This research applies a quantitative approach in this type of research, namely correlation using product moments with the aim of finding out the relationship between academic burnout and self-esteem. The research results show that there is a significant relationship between academic burnout and negative self-esteem. Negative in this case, if the level of self-esteem is high then the level of academic burnout is low, and vice versa. The correlation analysis obtained was 0.573 which was included in the moderate or adequate relationship category. Analysis of the percentage of academic burnout was found to be 58% which is included in the medium category. Meanwhile, the self-esteem analysis obtained was 66.75% which was included in the high category. Thus it gets higher self-esteem , the lower the academic burnout of SMPN 5 Kota students.

Cervical Cancer Treatment Update: A Society of Gynecologic Oncology Clinical Practice Statement

ABSTRACT Despite increased screening and human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination in high-income countries, cervical cancer represents the fourth most diagnosed cancer in women worldwide and the second highest cause of cancer mortality among women in low- and middle-income countries. This clinical practice statement describes therapies for cervical cancer by treatment setting, as well as quality of life, financial toxicity, and disparities associated with the disease. Persistent HPV infection, particularly types 16 and 18, are the main factor in the development of cervical cancer. High-risk HPV variants integrate HPV DNA into the host genome to upregulate two viral oncoproteins, E6 and E7, which in turn inhibit the tumor suppressor proteins p53 and Rb. Certain driver mutations including PIK3CA, KRAS, and EGFR are frequently seen in cervical cancer, however further research is needed to identify an actionable biomarker based on targetable oncogenic alterations. Locally advanced cervical cancer is defined as clinically visible tumor exceeding 4 cm or invading beyond the cervix, extending to the pelvic sidewalls, vagina, bladder, rectum, or involving pelvic and/or paraaortic lymph nodes. Standard treatment for locally advanced cervical cancer is external beam radiation therapy and concurrent weekly cisplatin. Standard treatment for advanced, recurrent, or metastatic cervical cancer is cisplatin, paclitaxel, and bevacizumab (possibly adding pembrolizumab). Several studies have shown that checkpoint inhibitors, when combined or sequenced with chemoradiation, may provide survival benefit in both locally advanced and recurrent/metastatic cervical cancer. Given these findings, immunotherapy should be incorporated in treatment of advanced or recurrent disease. Negative effects on quality of life (QOL) in patients with cervical cancer often begin in people who receive negative Papanicolaou test results or positive HPV DNA tests. Negative body image, self-esteem, and relationships with partners contribute to an overall decrease in QoL. Surgical, radiation-induced, and chemotherapy-induced treatment effects further impact survivors’ physical health, body-image, and sexual function. Economic burdens of cancer diagnosis and treatment may disproportionally affect cervical cancer patients due to the intensity of curative treatment, decreases in QoL and functional status, and unique population including younger patients, those with poor access to health care at baseline, and those who identify as racial or ethnic minorities.

Self-esteem and family satisfaction as predictors of life satisfaction in Peruvian highland university students

ObjectiveTo determine whether self-esteem and family satisfaction predict life satisfaction in university students from the Peruvian highlands.MethodsA cross-sectional, predictive design study with the participation of 848 Peruvian university students of both sexes (31.7% male and 68.3% female) whose ages ranged from 17 to 41 years old (M = 20.31 and SD = 3.66). The instruments used were Rosenberg’s self-esteem scale (RSE; 2000), Olson’s family satisfaction scale (FSS; 2006) and Diener’s life satisfaction scale (SWLS; 1985).ResultsShow that the proposed model had a fit of χ2 (269) = 1709.6, p < 0.001, CFI = 0.957, RMSEA = 0.080, SRMR = 0.061, evidencing that positive self-esteem (β = 0.21, p < 0.001) and family satisfaction (β = 0.57, p < 0.001) significantly predict life satisfaction. Unlike negative self-esteem, which does not predict life satisfaction (β = −0.09, p = 0.003).ConclusionSelf-esteem, family satisfaction, life satisfaction, university students, Peru.

Effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on sexual responsiveness, body self-esteem, and vasomotor symptoms in menopausal women

Introduction: One of the consequences of aging in women is menopause, which causes many physical and psychological changes. Aim: This study aimed to the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on sexual responsiveness, body self-esteem, and vasomotor symptoms in menopausal women. Method: This semi-experimental study, with a pretest-posttest control group design, the statistical population consisted of all women with natural menopause, aged 50-60 years, living in Gorgan, during 2022. A total of 30 women were selected through convenience sampling and were then randomly divided into two intervention and control groups, each consisting of 15 individuals. The intervention group participated in eight weekly sessions one-hour of ACT. The research tools included the Body Image Concern Inventory (BICI) Lilton (2005), the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) Rosen (2000), and the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) Heinemann (2003). For data analysis, multivariate analysis of covariance was performed using SPSS Version 22. Results: The results showed a significant difference between the pretest and posttest scores of the intervention and control groups in terms of sexual responsiveness, body self-esteem, and vasomotor symptoms (P<0.05). Overall, ACT increased the total score of sexual responsiveness (P<0.03) and reduced negative body self-esteem (P<0.02) and vasomotor symptoms (P<0.01) in menopausal women. Conclusion: Based on the results, ACT, by enhancing cognitive skills and thought control, improves sexual responsiveness and body self-esteem and reduces vasomotor symptoms in menopausal women. Therefore, this intervention can be suitable for enhancing the mental health of menopausal women.

The impact of social media information exposure on appearance anxiety in young acne patients: a moderated chain mediation model.

The boom of social media has provided a wider space for ordinary people to display themselves, but visual presentation has also intensified the focus on appearance, which in turn triggers anxiety about appearance. The study aims to investigate the impact of social media information exposure on appearance anxiety in young acne patients and the pathways and mechanisms that cause this effect. A moderated chain mediation model was constructed, and a questionnaire was used to collect information on social media information exposure, internalization of beauty ideals, fear of negative evaluation, self-esteem, and appearance anxiety in young acne patients (N = 382), and the relationships between the variables were explored through regression analysis. The results show that there was a significant path of effect (t > 2.5, p < 0.05) between social media information exposure, internalization of beauty ideals, fear of negative evaluation, and appearance anxiety. Self-esteem significantly moderated the relationship between social media information exposure and internalization of beauty ideals (t < -2, p < 0.05). In conclusion, in young acne patients, internalization of beauty ideals and fear of negative evaluation chain mediated the association between social media information exposure and appearance anxiety, and young acne patients' internalization of beauty ideals was inversely correlated with their level of self-esteem.

남자 대학생의 남성다움 위협이 부적정서와 상태자존감에 미치는 영향: 남성다움 자극의 중재효과

This study tried to investigate the moderating effect of manhood stimulation on the effects of manhood threat on negative emotions and status self-esteem in male university students. 62 male university students who voluntarily participated through online research institutes were pre-examined(gender role identity scale, multiple affect adjective check list, state self-esteem scale), and then randomly assigned to one of the two groups divided into a shortened version of the movie 300(manhood stimulation group) or a video of the birth of the earth(gender neutral group). After watching the video, all participants were manipulated to experience the threat of manhood by providing feedback that femininity was higher than average as a result of the pre-test for gender role identity. After the threat experience, a post-test was conducted to verify the interaction between pre-post groups, and repeated measurement variance analysis was performed. The results of this study are as follows. Regarding the negative emotion of anger, the group that was stimulated with manhood showed a greater amount of change between pre-post test results than the gender neutral group. In terms of state self-esteem, the difference between pre-post tests was statistically significant in the group stimulated with manhood. The manhood stimulation group was found to have a moderating effect of interacting with manhood threats to increase anger emotions and to increase state self-esteem as a defensive response. The significance of this study will serve as the basis for revitalizing research considering precarious manhood properties and will help in effective intervention in male gender role counseling and education.

Transdiagnostic Ecological Momentary Intervention for Improving Self-Esteem in Youth Exposed to Childhood Adversity

Targeting low self-esteem in youth exposed to childhood adversity is a promising strategy for preventing adult mental disorders. Ecological momentary interventions (EMIs) allow for the delivery of youth-friendly, adaptive interventions for improving self-esteem, but robust trial-based evidence is pending. To examine the efficacy of SELFIE, a novel transdiagnostic, blended EMI for improving self-esteem plus care as usual (CAU) compared with CAU only. This was a 2-arm, parallel-group, assessor-blinded, randomized clinical trial conducted from December 2018 to December 2022. The study took place at Dutch secondary mental health services and within the general population and included youth (aged 12-26 years) with low self-esteem (Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale [RSES] <26) exposed to childhood adversity. A novel blended EMI (3 face-to-face sessions, email contacts, app-based, adaptive EMI) plus CAU or CAU only. The primary outcome was RSES self-esteem at postintervention and 6-month follow-up. Secondary outcomes included positive and negative self-esteem, schematic self-beliefs, momentary self-esteem and affect, general psychopathology, quality of life, observer-rated symptoms, and functioning. A total of 174 participants (mean [SD] age, 20.7 [3.1] years; 154 female [89%]) were included in the intention-to-treat sample, who were primarily exposed to childhood emotional abuse or neglect, verbal or indirect bullying, and/or parental conflict. At postintervention, 153 participants (87.9%) and, at follow-up, 140 participants (80.5%), provided primary outcome data. RSES self-esteem was, on average, higher in the experimental condition (blended EMI + CAU) than in the control condition (CAU) across both postintervention and follow-up as a primary outcome (B = 2.32; 95% CI, 1.14-3.50; P < .001; Cohen d-type effect size [hereafter, Cohen d] = 0.54). Small to moderate effect sizes were observed suggestive of beneficial effects on positive (B = 3.85; 95% CI, 1.83-5.88; P < .001; Cohen d = 0.53) and negative (B = -3.78; 95% CI, -6.59 to -0.98; P = .008; Cohen d = -0.38) self-esteem, positive (B = 1.58; 95% CI, 0.41-2.75; P = .008; Cohen d = 0.38) and negative (B = -1.71; 95% CI, -2.93 to -0.48; P = .006; Cohen d = -0.39) schematic self-beliefs, momentary self-esteem (B = 0.29; 95% CI, 0.01-0.57; P = .04; Cohen d = 0.24), momentary positive affect (B = 0.23; 95% CI, 0.01-0.45; P = .04; Cohen d = 0.20), momentary negative affect (B = -0.33; 95% CI, -0.59 to -0.03, P = .01, Cohen d = -0.27), general psychopathology (B = -17.62; 95% CI, -33.03 to -2.21; P = .03; Cohen d = -0.34), and quality of life (B = 1.16; 95% CI, 0.18-2.13; P = .02; Cohen d = 0.33) across postintervention and follow-up. No beneficial effects on symptoms and functioning were observed. A transdiagnostic, blended EMI demonstrated efficacy on the primary outcome of self-esteem and signaled beneficial effects on several secondary outcomes. Further work should focus on implementing this novel EMI in routine public mental health provision. Dutch Trial Register Identifier:NL7129(NTR7475).

Community-guided, autism-adapted group cognitive behavioral therapy for depression in autistic youth (CBT-DAY): Preliminary feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy.

Depression in youth is a significant public health problem worldwide, particularly for autistic youth who are over twice as likely to experience depression than their non-autistic peers. Although pathways to depression are complex, emotional reactivity and negative self-esteem are two risk factors for depression in autistic and non-autistic youth. Although autistic youth are more likely to experience depression than their non-autistic peers, psychotherapy options for autistic youth are very limited; community guidance in the development and testing of psychotherapy programs is a promising approach in autism. Therefore, in this study, we designed an autism-adapted CBT-DAY, in collaboration with autistic community members. Specifically, CBT-DAY combined neurodiversity-affirming and cognitive behavioral approaches to target emotional reactivity and self-esteem in youth to improve depressive symptom severity in a group setting across 12 weeks. We examined the preliminary feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy of CBT-DAY in a pilot non-randomized trial. In addition, we implemented a rigorous protocol for assessing, monitoring, and addressing potential harms in this intervention. Results from 24 autistic youth (11-17 years old) suggest that CBT-DAY may be feasible to use in an outpatient clinical setting and generally acceptable to youth and their caregivers. Participation in CBT-DAY may be associated with significant improvements in youth emotional reactivity and self-esteem, as well as depressive symptom severity per self-report only. Exploratory analyses showed that participation in CBT-DAY may also be associated with significant improvements in internalizing symptoms. Findings demonstrate the potential promise of neurodiversity-affirming and cognitive behavioral approaches to treating depressive symptoms in some autistic youth.

The Impacts of Religious Rational-Emotive Behavior Therapy (RREBT) on Mental Health: A Comparative Review

Mental health affects how individuals deal with stress, communicate with others, and make wise decisions. Rational-emotive behavior therapy (REBT) principles can be integrated with patients’ religious beliefs and faith to address some mental health issues. The primary goal of this article is to assess the impacts of various forms of religious REBT (RREBT) on patients’ mental health. This research adopted a comparative, scoping literature review method. The findings show that various forms of RREBT exist, but the most frequently used approach is Christian REBT (CREBT), followed by Islamic REBT (IREBT) and Jewish REBT (JREBT). Three studies examined IREBT and reported its significant positive effects in treating posttraumatic stress disorder, negative self-esteem, and family distress and conflict. Only one study focused on JREBT, demonstrating that it effectively reduced family distress symptoms and marital conflict. The rest of the studies focused on CREBT, and their findings ranged from its significant positive effects in managing emotional distress, panic attacks, avoidance, deficiencies in social communication, binge eating, aggression, depressive symptoms, poor work-life balance, poor quality of family life to symptoms of family distress and marital conflict. These three forms of RREBT have been applied in one study to manage family distress symptoms and marital conflict among couples. Based on evidence from five studies, depression is the most commonly treated mental health disorder by RREBT counselors. Across all studies reviewed, changes in irrational cognitions, irrational beliefs, and automatic negative thoughts were the most common change processes. RREBT clinicians employing any of these approaches in their clinical practice and research are urged to highlight the therapeutic techniques that worked for their clients, how much time it took them to achieve the desired change as well as the mechanisms of change so that future therapists can be able to adapt their procedures for their clients.