Negative Religious Coping Research Articles

Evaluation of Religious Coping in Tunisian Muslim Women with Newly Diagnosed Breast Cancer

Studies evaluating religious coping in Arab-Muslim populations are few. We aimed to evaluate religiosity and religious coping in a sample of breast cancer women, and to analyze the association between religiosity, religious coping, depression, anxiety, cancer clinical data, and sociodemographic data in our patients. A cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted over a 4-month period in 61 newly diagnosed breast cancer women. We used the following scales: The Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21), the Arabic-Brief Religious Coping Scale (A-BRCS) and the Arabic Religiosity Scale. The majority of participants (98.4%) had a moderate to high level of religiosity. A weak correlation was found between religious coping scores and stress, depression, and anxiety scores. Our patients had high scores of positive religious coping, with a mean score of 26.13 out of 28 and used more positive coping than negative coping to cope with the cancerous disease. High levels of affective religiosity were the main predictive factor of positive religious coping. Therapies should reinforce the positive religious coping patterns of breast cancer patients, and detect a possible resort to negative religious coping that may negatively affect the patients' quality of life.

Coping with caregiving stress among caregivers of patients with schizophrenia

This study aimed to evaluate the coping strategies, including religious coping, used by the caregivers of patients with schizophrenia to deal with caregiving stress. Caregivers of 100 patients with schizophrenia, currently in clinical remission, were evaluated on Ways of the coping questionnaire, Brief religious coping scale, and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). More often use of adaptive coping mechanisms (such as seeking social support, accepting responsibility, planful problem solving, and positive reappraisa) was associated with a lower level of residual symptoms and better functioning of the patient, and lower level of psychological morbidity as per the GHQ-12 among the caregivers. A higher grade of negative symptoms, general psychopathology, and PANSS total score was associated with lower use of positive religious coping and higher use of negative religious coping in the caregivers. More severe psychological morbidity among the caregivers was associated with lower use of positive religious coping and higher use of negative religious coping. To conclude, this study depicts that caregivers of patients with schizophrenia use a mixture of adaptive and maladaptive coping strategies, including religious coping. The use of adaptive coping is associated with better patient-related outcomes and lower levels of psychological morbidity/distress among caregivers. Whereas, more frequent use of maladaptive coping is associated with both patients' and caregivers' outcomes.

Anxiety and Avoidance in Adults and Childhood Trauma Are Associated with Negative Religious Coping.

Religion as a coping strategy is mostly connected with positive health outcomes. Yet, negative religious coping (NRC) has been associated with rather negative outcomes that affect one’s health. The aim of this study was to explore whether insecure adult attachment and childhood trauma are associated with higher NRC. A sample of Czech adults (n = 531, 51.1 ± 17.2 years; 43.5% men) participated in a survey. As measures, the NRC subscale of the Brief RCOPE, the Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised questionnaire, and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-SF) were used. From the whole sample, 23.7% respondents reported higher NRC. Respondents with higher anxiety in close relationships were more likely to use negative coping strategies, with an odds ratios (OR) of 1.27 (95% confidence interval 1.01–1.59). Similarly, avoidance was associated with negative coping OR = 1.41 (1.13–1.75). Moreover, each subscale of the CTQ-SF revealed a significant association with high summary NRC. Respondents who reported physical neglect scored highest on summary NRC with OR = 1.50 (1.23–1.83) after controlling for sociodemographic variables, but also for anxiety and depression. Our findings support the idea that childhood trauma experience and adult attachment style are associated with higher use of NRC strategies.

Religious Coping and Quality of Life Among Black and White Men With Prostate Cancer.

Prostate cancer is a significant impediment in men’s lives as this condition often exacerbates stress and reduces quality of life. Faith can be a resource through which men cope with health crises; however, few studies examine how religion or spirituality can have implications for racial disparities in health outcomes among men. The purpose of this study is to assess the associations between religious coping and quality of life among black and white men with prostate cancer. Data for this investigation were drawn from the Diagnosis and Decisions in Prostate Cancer Treatment Outcomes Study that consisted of 624 black and white men with complete information on the primary outcome and predictor variables. The primary outcome for this study was overall quality of life as measured by the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Prostate questionnaire. The main independent variable was religious coping measured by 2 subscales capturing positive and negative forms of coping. Black men in the study had lower overall quality of life scores (134.6 ± 19.6) than their white peers (139.8 ± 14.1). Black men in the sample also had higher average positive religious coping scores (12.9 ± 3.3) than white men (10.3 ± 4.5). Fully adjusted linear regression models of the total sample produced results indicating that positive religious coping was correlated with an increase in quality of life (β = .38, standard error [SE] = 0.18, P < .05). Negative religious coping was associated with a reduction in quality of life (β = −1.48, SE = 0.40, P < .001). Faith-oriented beliefs or perceptions can have implications for quality of life among men with prostate cancer. Sensitivity to the role of religion, spirituality, and faith should be seen by providers of health care as potential opportunities for improved outcomes in patients with prostate cancer and survivors.

Religious coping and psychosocial adjustment in patients with cystic fibrosis.

The role of religious coping (RC) in psychosocial outcomes and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in adults with cystic fibrosis has not been addressed. Multivariate regressions evaluated the effects of baseline RC on depressive and anxiety symptoms and HRQoL at 3-month follow-up in 123 adult cystic fibrosis patients. Higher positive RC attenuated the effects of perceived stress on greater depressive and anxiety symptoms. Negative RC predicted less vitality and social HRQoL, as well as more digestion symptoms. Positive RC may buffer the impact of stress on patients' psychological distress, whereas negative RC may contribute to lower health-related quality of life.

Hemodiyaliz Tedavisi Alan Hastaların Hastalığı Kabullenmesi ve Dini Baş Etme Tarzlarının İncelenmesi

Aim: This research was carried out to examine the acceptance illness and religious coping styles, the factors affecting them, and the relationship between accepting the illness and religious coping styles in patients on hemodialysis treatment. Material and Method: This study has been done with 332 patients who receive treatment in Ataturk University Research Hospital Dialysis Center, Teach and Research Hospital Dialysis Center and Private Serhat Dialysis Center (receiving HD threatment patients). 297 patients were taken the sample group who were suitable the critics of the study. Research data were collected between the dates of December 2014-January 2015. While collecting data ; questionnaire which consists the specialities of patients, accepting illness measuring device and religious coping styles were used. While evaluating the data; frequency, percentage, correlating analysis, regression analysis, t test, anova test, kruskal wallis test and cronbach alpha analysis were used. Findings: It was identified that the point averages of accepting illness is 36.00±17.56, pozitive religious coping styles were 23.88±1.69, negative religious coping styles are 8.63±1.53. It was determined that the scores of acceptance and religious coping styles of patients differ according to some disease characteristics (p<0.05). A positive correlation was found between patients' disease acceptance scores and positive religious coping styles (r:, 218, p <0.001), and negative religious coping styles (r: -, 233, p <0.005). Result: It was determined that patients receiving HD treatment had high disease acceptance levels and mostly used positive religious coping styles. It was determined that patients who used positive religious coping styles more often accepted the disease more. It was found that patients who used negative religious coping styles more often accepted the disease less.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERSONALITY TRAITS, GOD’S IMAGE, RELIGIOSITY AND RELIGIOUS COPING IN LATVIAN ROMAN CATHOLIC ADULTS’ SAMPLE

The present study aims to examine the relationship between personality traits, God image and religious coping (RC) among Roman Catholics in Latvia. There were 336 respondents, aged 18 ‒ 86. We applied the Brief (RCOPE), God Image Scale (GIS), Latvian Personality Inventory (LPAv-3), The Centrality of Religiosity Scale CRS-5, including demographic data. The results showed positive correlation between Neuroticism and negative RC, but negative correlation with positive RC. Such personality traits as Openness, Conscientiousness and Agreeableness correlated positively with positive RC. Also Honesty-Humility and God Image correlated positively with positive RC and negatively – with negative RC. The study showed positive correlations between some dimensions of religiosity (and positive RC. Religious ideology and religious experience correlated negatively with negative RC. The study revealed that on the scale level the most relevant predictors of positive religious coping are scales such as religiosity and image of God, and personal traits such as agreeableness and openness. Likewise it was identified that on the scale level the most relevant predictors of negative religious coping are scales such as image of God, neuroticism and religiousness. These findings suggest tenets for psychological and pastoral interventions to decrease the impact of negative RC.

Religious Coping in Cancer: A Quantitative Analysis of Expressive Writing Samples From Patients With Renal Cell Carcinoma

ContextPast religiosity/spirituality (R/S) research has mainly relied on self-report instruments, which may result in self-presentation and defensive biases. ObjectivesTo address these limitations, we reviewed the writing samples that were generated as part of an expressive writing (EW) trial, coded the samples for R/S content, and examined cross-sectional and prospective associations between R/S content and symptom and psychosocial outcomes. MethodsParticipants diagnosed with renal cell carcinoma who were randomized to the EW arm completed a standard writing protocol. Before randomization, they completed validated measures of R/S, depressive symptoms, social support, fatigue, and sleep disturbances and one, four, and 10 months after completing the intervention. Writing samples were coded for positive and negative religious coping (RC), and personal (e.g., private prayer) and collective (e.g., church attendance) religious engagement (RE). ResultsOf the 138 patients, 117 provided at least one writing sample, and 89% of participants made at least one R/S reference with 70% including at least one positive RC statement, and 45.3% revealed personal and 42.3% collective RE. Negative RC was rare (8%). Although positive RC and RE were significantly associated with the R/S Index (P < 0.01), negative RC was not. In prospective analyses, RE was associated with reduced cancer-related symptoms over time (P = 0.04), and negative RC was associated with increased psychological distress over time (P = 0.004). ConclusionBehavioral coding of EW samples supported the literature suggesting that positive RC is common among patients with cancer. Although negative RC may be relatively rare, it may be associated with psychological distress.

Attachment to God and Religious Coping as Mediators in the Relation between Immigration Distress and Life Satisfaction among Korean Americans

ABSTRACT We investigated the effect of immigration distress on Korean Americans’ life satisfaction, using attachment to God and religious coping as mediators. A sample of 214 participants was recruited from urban ethnic churches in various states, and they responded to online or offline surveys. There were two serial multiple mediation models (Models A and B) developed based on the attachment system activation model and empirical evidence. Each of the models included a pair of the two mediators: avoidant attachment to God and positive religious coping for Model A, and anxious attachment to God and negative religious coping for Model B. We initially examined the overall model fit as well as the direct and indirect effects using AMOS 21. Upon finding significant aggregated indirect effects, we examined individual indirect effects using the PROCESS macro for SPSS. Results demonstrated that Model A showed a poor model fit and Model B showed a good model fit to the observed data. Serial multiple mediation analyses provided some support for our conceptualization that distress activates the attachment to God system as an internal working model that is translated into religious coping as attachment behavior. As expected in Model B, distress was inversely associated with life satisfaction through anxious attachment to God and negative religious coping. Model A demonstrated rather complicated relations. The implications of cultural, theoretical, and methodological issues, with special regard to attachment to God and religious coping in Korean Americans as immigrants, were discussed.

Coronavirus Anxiety Scale: A brief mental health screener for COVID-19 related anxiety

Mental health concerns of people impacted by the coronavirus pandemic have not been adequately addressed. The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate the properties of the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS), which is a brief mental health screener to identify probable cases of dysfunctional anxiety associated with the COVID-19 crisis. This 5-item scale, which was based on 775 adults with anxiety over the coronavirus, demonstrated solid reliability and validity. Elevated CAS scores were found to be associated with coronavirus diagnosis, impairment, alcohol/drug coping, negative religious coping, extreme hopelessness, suicidal ideation, as well as attitudes toward President Trump and Chinese products. The CAS discriminates well between persons with and without dysfunctional anxiety using an optimized cut score of ≥ 9 (90% sensitivity and 85% specificity). These results support the CAS as an efficient and valid tool for clinical research and practice.

Emotional State of Parents of Children Diagnosed with Cancer: Examining Religious and Meaning-Focused Coping

For parents, a child’s oncological disease is a critical life event with a high burdening potential, which changes the functioning of the whole family on many different levels. It triggers various coping strategies with this situation, including religious-based coping. This topic has been somewhat rarely explored, and thus, the aim of the study was to examine the relationship between the emotional state and religious and meaning-focused coping among parents of children diagnosed with cancer. A total of 147 parents participated in this study. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that correlates of positive emotions in the studied group were the economic situation, the time from diagnosis, positive reappraisal and negative religious coping. Only one significant correlate of negative emotions was identified. There is some support for the incremental validity of negative religious coping in relation to meaning-focused coping.

The prediction of depression based on religious coping and the components of positive youth development in adolescents

ABSTRACT This study aimed to predict depression based on religious coping and components of positive youth development in adolescents. The statistical population of the study covers all high-school students in Semnan, Iran. Using multi-stage cluster sampling, 383 subjects completed the Children's Depression Inventory, Positive Youth Development-Very Short Form Scale, and Brief Religious Coping Scale. The results demonstrated that negative religious coping was positively and significantly associated with depression. Positive Youth Development components and positive religious coping were negatively and significantly related to depression. The results of regression revealed that components of confidence, negative religious coping, positive religious coping, caring, connection, character, and gender are the predictors of depression and they are defining 52% of the total variance of depression. Findings are suggesting that attention should be paid to Positive Youth Development programmes and religious coping of adolescents to prevent and reduce depression.

Does the DSM-5 grief disorder apply to owners of deceased pets? A psychometric study of impairment during pet loss

This study aimed to validate the DSM-5 grief disorder construct to owners of deceased pets using a sample of 395 adults who were impaired during bereavement. Confirmatory factor analyzes indicated that the grief symptoms cohered into the symptom clusters proposed by the DSM-5, which were driven by a higher-order factor and were equivalent across gender. Grief disordered individuals exhibited more depression, loneliness, sleep difficulties, negative religious coping, and alcohol/drug coping compared to the rest of the sample. These findings support the application of the DSM-5 model of grief to owners of deceased pets.

Psychometric Properties of the Brief Religious Coping Scale (Brief-RCOPE) in Chilean Adults Exposed to Stressful Events

Among the different ways of coping with stress, religious coping has shown particularly the promising results; nonetheless, there are few validated instruments to assess it in non-English language. This article presents the psychometric properties of the Brief Religious Coping Scale (Brief-RCOPE) in Chilean adults exposed to stressful events. The scale shows a reliability, test-retest stability, and confirmatory factor analysis support structural validity. The scale also shows concurrent validity with another measure of religious coping. Finally, confirming predictive criterion validity, negative religious coping predicts posttraumatic stress symptoms 6months after, but not posttraumatic growth. Positive religious coping was associated with posttraumatic growth enhancement. This study shows Brief-RCOPE as a valid and reliable instrument for measuring religious coping in this population.

Anxiety and Depression among Amphetamine-Type Stimulant Users: The Association with Religiosity and Religious Coping.

BackgroundAmphetamine-type stimulant (ATS) use brings severe adverse effects to the mental well-being of an individual and it is an essential contributor to the global disease burden. Meanwhile, religiosity and religious coping might improve one’s conduct, physical and mental well-being. Hence, this study aims to determine the prevalence of anxiety and depression in ATS user and their association with religiosity and religious coping.MethodsIt is a cross-sectional study conducted at the Department of Psychological Medicine, Universiti Malaya Medical Centre, Malaysia. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to assess anxiety and depression among ATS users. Religiosity and religious coping were measured with Duke University Religious Index and Brief RCOPE.ResultsThis study involved 215 ATS users. Almost half of the ATS users had either anxiety (n = 96; 44.6%) or depression (n = 108; 50.2%), which were associated with polysubstance use or having an existing psychiatric disorder. Subjects with higher religiosity and positive religious coping were less anxious or depressed. However, negative religious coping was significantly associated with anxiety and depression in ATS users.ConclusionAnxiety and depression are prevalent in ATS users. Integrating religiosity and religious coping into the ATS users’ treatment plan helps to improve their mental well-being.

The Effect of Religious Coping on Hope Level of Cancer Patients Receiving Chemotherapy.

Religious coping and hope are among factors that affect the disease, treatment compliance, psychological health and quality of life of cancer patients. The aim of this study was to determine the level of hope and religious coping styles of cancer patients, and to determine the relationship between religious coping and hope. The study was carried out descriptively and cross-sectionally with 133 patients receiving chemotherapy in an oncology center. In the study, the level of hope and positive religious coping of the patients were high and their level of negative religious coping was low. It was determined that there was a positive relationship between positive religious coping style and hope levels of patients, and positive religious coping style was a significant predictor of hope level. While patients are dealing with cancer diagnosis and treatment, it is recommended that health care professionals primarily focus on providing these patients a service with a holistic care approach and developing their hope with practices that will strengthen their positive religious coping styles.

Private religion/spirituality, self-rated health, and mental health among US South Asians.

Connections between private religion/spirituality and health have not been assessed among US South Asians. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between private religion/spirituality and self-rated and mental health in a community-based sample of US South Asians. Data from the Mediators of atherosclerosis in South Asians living in America (MASALA) study (collected 2010-2013 and 2015-2018) and the attendant study on stress, spirituality, and health (n = 881) were analyzed using OLS regression. Self-rated health measured overall self-assessed health. Emotional functioning was measured using the mental health inventory-3 index (MHI-3) and Spielberger scales assessed trait anxiety and trait anger. Private religion/spirituality variables included prayer, yoga, belief in God, gratitude, theistic and non-theistic spiritual experiences, closeness to God, positive and negative religious coping, divine hope, and religious/spiritual struggles. Yoga, gratitude, non-theistic spiritual experiences, closeness to God, and positive coping were positively associated with self-rated health. Gratitude, non-theistic and theistic spiritual experiences, closeness to God, and positive coping were associated with better emotional functioning; negative coping was associated with poor emotional functioning. Gratitude and non-theistic spiritual experiences were associated with less anxiety; negative coping and religious/spiritual struggles were associated with greater anxiety. Non-theistic spiritual experiences and gratitude were associated with less anger; negative coping and religious/spiritual struggles were associated with greater anger. Private religion/spirituality is associated with self-rated and mental health. Opportunities may exist for public health and religious care professionals to leverage existing religion/spirituality for well-being among US South Asians.

1608P - Spirituality and religious coping for cancer patients and providers: An ‘Almighty’ belief for palliative care

BackgroundSpiritual distress is prevalent in advanced disease, but often neglected, resulting in unnecessary suffering. Religion and/or spirituality have increasingly been recognized as key elements in patients’ experience of advanced illness. This study aims to explore spiritual care needs, experiences, preferences and examine the association between religious coping and quality of life among patients with advanced cancer. MethodsStructured interviews were conducted with 135 patients in advanced cancer patients and their primary informal caregivers. Patients completed measures of QOL (McGill QOL questionnaire), religious coping (Brief Measure of Religious Coping [RCOPE] and Multidimensional Measure of Religion/ Spirituality), self-efficacy (General Self-Efficacy Scale), and sociodemographic variables. Both positive and negative religious coping and multiple dimensions of QOL (physical, physical symptom, psychological, existential, and support) were studied. ResultsThe median age of the population was 60.2 years and majority of the subjects were Hindus. The study revealed greater use of positive religious coping was associated with better overall QOL as well as higher scores on the existential and support QOL dimensions and was also related to more physical symptoms. However, greater use of negative religious coping was related to poorer overall QOL. Most patients believed it was important for health care professionals to consider patient spiritual concerns within the medical setting. Spiritual care was reportedly lacking, primarily due to staff members’ de-prioritisation and lack of time. ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that spiritual concerns are common among advanced cancer patients, and that they are associated with poorer psychological well-being. Spiritual care is an essential but neglected component of care, according to patients and their caregivers across a range of countries. The findings of the present study support the relationship between spirituality and health outcomes. Legal entity responsible for the studyVibhay Pareek. FundingHas not received any funding. DisclosureAll authors have declared no conflicts of interest.

Religiosity and the psychological outcomes of trauma: A systematic review of quantitative studies

This is a broad review examining the relationships between religiosity and the psychological outcomes of trauma. Previous studies showed that some constructs of religiosity are associated with lower severity of symptoms of mental disorders, whereas others, for instance, negative religious coping, predict deteriorated mental health. A systematic review of peer-reviewed quantitative studies was conducted to examine the patterns of relationships between religiosity and psychological outcomes of trauma, potential causal relationships, and specific effect of religiosity on the outcomes on trauma. A total of 79 quantitative studies were included. The majority focused on military trauma or various types of traumatic exposure in the general population. Most of the studies employed a cross-sectional design. The associations between religiosity and psychological outcomes of trauma depend on the concept of religion used in a study, type of trauma. There is not enough evidence to support the causal effect of religiosity.

Trauma and well-being in colombian disaster contexts: effects of religious coping, forgivingness, and hope

ABSTRACT These two cross-sectional studies examined whether trauma impacts disaster survivors’ psychological well-being through its influence on positive and negative religious coping and on dispositional forgivingness and hope. Colombia was selected because it is a highly religious country that has endured a protracted armed conflict (1964-present) and recent, devastating natural disaster (2017 Mocoa landslide). Study 1 focused on 272 conflict survivors in Monteria; Study 2 focused on 1,651 landslide survivors. All participants completed Spanish versions of the PTSD CheckList-5, Kessler-10, Brief RCOPE, Trait Forgivingness Scale, Herth Hope Index, and Positive Psychotherapy Inventory. In Study 1, survivors’ trauma contributed to greater negative religious coping, then to lower dispositional forgivingness and hope, and ultimately to lower well-being. Study 2 results replicated this finding and also revealed evidence that survivors’ trauma contributed to higher positive religious coping, then greater dispositional forgivingness and hope, and ultimately better well-being. Implications for disaster research and practice are discussed.