Negative Reflection Research Articles

Carrying Ostracism Overnight: The Cognitive Mechanism Underlying the Effect of Daily Workplace Ostracism on Next‐Day Work Engagement

ABSTRACTIntegrating cognitive appraisal theory of stress and attachment theory, the current study explored the influence of daily workplace ostracism on employee short‐term work engagement and examined the mediating role of negative work reflection and the moderating effects of employee attachment styles (i.e., attachment avoidance and attachment anxiety). To test the theoretical model, we employed an experience sampling method to collect daily diary data over 10 consecutive workdays, resulting in a final sample of 834 observations drawn from 133 participants. Results of multilevel path analysis indicated that daily workplace ostracism was negatively related to employee next‐day work engagement through negative work reflection at night. In addition, we found that employee attachment avoidance not only moderated the within‐person relationship between daily workplace ostracism and negative work reflection at night but also alleviated the indirect effect of daily workplace ostracism on next‐day work engagement via negative work reflection at night. Taken together, our study contributed by unfolding the dynamic cognitive appraisal process of workplace ostracism and identifying the significant role of attachment avoidance in shaping employees' cognitive reactions to daily workplace ostracism.

Exploring the Relationship Between Online Gaming Addiction, Core Muscle Endurance, and Reaction Time in Adolescents

Objective: It was aimed to investigate the relationship between online gaming addiction, core muscle endurance, and reaction time in adolescents. Methods: The study was designed as a descriptive-correlational study and was conducted with 67 adolescents who play online games daily. The Online Gaming Addiction Scale, core muscle endurance tests, and hand and foot reaction time tests were performed. Results: The overall score of the Online Gaming Addiction Scale was 64.79±17.38, which corresponds as moderate negative reflections on the individual's life. A statistically significant difference was observed in online gaming addiction (p

Mixing Rules for Left-Handed Disordered Metamaterials: Effective-Medium and Dispersion Properties.

Left-handed materials are known to exhibit exotic properties in controlling electromagnetic fields, with direct applications in negative reflection and refraction, conformal optical mapping, and electromagnetic cloaking. While typical left-handed materials are constructed periodic metal-dielectric structures, the same effect can be obtained in composite guest-host systems with no periodicity or structural order. Such systems are typically described by the effective-medium approach, in which the components of the electric permittivity tensor are determined as a function of individual material properties and doping concentration. In this paper, we extend the discussion on the mixing rules to include left-handed composite systems and highlight the exotic properties arising from the effective-medium approach in this framework in terms of effective values and dispersion properties.

Negative reflection and total internal reflection at the internal surface of lithium niobate crystal

In this paper we analytically find out the expression for the wave vector and Poynting vector in the reflection domain for negative uniaxial material. We investigate the impact of the optical axis rotation and incident angle on the wave vector and Poynting vector reflected from the internal surface of lithium niobate crystal when the light is propagating from the denser anisotropic medium to the rarer isotropic medium. We derive the Brewster angle condition and discuss the walk-off between TE and TM polarized light. We explore where the wave vector and Poynting vector are parallel after reflection. In further analysis, we look into the phase differences between ordinary and extraordinary reflected light after total internal reflection from the internal surface of lithium niobate crystal. The necessary conditions for linear polarization and circular polarization have been established. The impact of optical axis orientation is also taken into consideration. The refractive index for the isotropic material for the desired polarization response has been found as 2.18, 2.1, and 2.03 at 632 nm, 1550 nm, and 3500 nm, respectively.

Frequency-doubling perfect negative reflection in phase gradient metasurfaces

Phase gradient metasurfaces (PGMs) have demonstrated powerful capacities for manipulating light waves freely. However, PGMs have limitations of bulky size and narrow bandwidth that hinder further applications. In this work, we present the design and analysis of a reflection-type PGM by utilizing the phase choice freedom in the supercell. It is found that in this well-designed PGM, perfect negative reflection including perfect retro-reflection can be observed not only at the initially designed frequency f1 = f0, but also at its double frequency, i.e., f2 = 2f0, which is named as the frequency-doubling perfect negative reflection. As a proof of concept, we design and fabricate a reflection-type PGM with 4π phase coverage in a supercell, with experimental results in perfect agreement with the theoretical ones. Our work offers an approach to design planar optical devices at multiple operating frequencies, holding potential applications for frequency division multiplexing communication, remote sensor technology, laser tracking, and more.

Towards design of a gradient locally resonant acoustic metasurface for negative reflection

Gradient acoustic metasurfaces are a class of subwavelength metamaterials that provide unprecedented opportunities to control the direction of reflected and refracted waves, including negative angles in accordance with the diffraction theory and generalized law of reflection. This opens new possibilities in designing metasurfaces for many practical applications in wave engineering. In this work, locally resonant acoustic metamaterials are considered as the building units of the metasurface, which owe their favorable properties to local resonances at the microstructural level. Non-trivial reflection angles are realized by introducing suitable phase modulations along the wave path. The required phase shift is achieved through the variation of geometrical and material parameters of the metamaterial unit cells. The negative reflection of ultrasound waves is demonstrated numerically by means of a finite-element analysis of a fluid-metasurface-solid structure. The results of this study provide new insights and detailed guidelines for designing metasurfaces for controllable acoustic wave reflection.

Recognition of Tunnel Fracture Zones in Seismic Waves and Ground-Penetrating Radar Data

Fracture zones in front of tunnel faces can easily cause falling blocks and landslides during the construction process. Using seismic waves and ground-penetrating radar (GPR) data, we extracted the features of fracture zones and achieved the advanced prediction of tunnel fracture zones. The energy variation in the reflected waves propagated by seismic waves at interfaces with different impedances of contact waves was found to manifest as positive and negative reflections, and the amplitude of reflected signals within the fracture zone areas thus increased. We designed a superimposed velocity spectrum, divided the areas of variation in wave velocity, and constructed the three-dimensional spatial distribution of the tunnel fracture zones. Based on the phase change, increase in amplitude, and increase in the center-frequency characteristics of the one-dimensional time waveform of the electromagnetic waves in the fault zone area (A-scan), we located the characteristic points of the fracture zones and observed the occurrence of in-phase axis misalignment in two-dimensional scanning (B-scan). We then implemented the identification of fracture zones. This method predicted the fractured area in the rock surrounding the Liangwangshan Tunnel, and during the tunnel excavation, the fracture zones appeared in the recognition area.

Digital Health from the Eyes of Hospital Managers

Aim: The aim of this research is to evaluate the positive and negative aspects of the concept of digital health, which became active during the pandemic period and gained more importance with the publication of the regulation on the provision of remote health services, in terms of healthcare institutions, employees and patients, in the light of the opinions of hospital administrators. Method: In the qualitative study, a semi-structured interview form consisting of open-ended questions was used as a data collection method. The research sample consists of managers working at upper and middle management levels serving in seven different hospitals in five different cities. Frequency and content analysis methods were used to analyze the data obtained. Results: When the answers given by the managers are coded; it has been determined that digital health has both positive and negative reflections for patients, health institutions and employees. Positive reflections of digital health; speed, convenience, savings, order. It has been determined that the negative reflections are communication problems, adaptation problems, inability to reach the service, and erroneous diagnosis. Conclusion: It has been determined that the results obtained from the interviews and observations are largely compatible with each other. All managers stated that digital health applications provide speed and convenience in paperwork. In addition, hospital managers think that it contributes a lot in terms of cost and expect it to be improved. However, the administrators stated that only face-to-face efficiency will be achieved in the diagnosis and treatment process and that the concept of the digital hospital cannot be fully implemented due to the patient profile. They emphasize that face-to-face communication in health should never be abandoned.

Stress, repetitive negative thinking, and mental health in Chilean university students: an ecological momentary assessment study.

Mental disorders in university students are a growing attention problem in the international community due to their high prevalence and serious consequences. One possible reason is university students' difficulties in coping with stress. Repetitive negative thinking (RNT) is a transdiagnostic process that, when combined with stress, can lead to the development of various disorders. We aim to determine the effect of stress and RNT on predicting various mental health syndromes in university students across 7 days. Prospective observational study using Momentary Ecological Assessment (EMA) with the OURMIND Mobile App. On day one, 238 university students responded to the SCL-90R questionnaire for symptoms of depression, anxiety, hostility, obsession, psychoticism, paranoia, somatization, and interpersonal sensitivity; RNT styles questionnaires, RRS for rumination and negative reflection, PSWQ for worry; SISCO-II for term academic stress, and sociodemographic. EMA consisted of five assessments a day for 6 days; each time, the students answered items about academic and non-academic stress (EMA-stress), reactive RNT duration and intrusiveness (EMA-RNT process), and reactive RNT rumination, reflection, and worry (EMA-RNT content). On day eight, symptoms were re-assessed. Seven hierarchical stepwise linear regression models were used to test the predictive power of the study variables in the development of SCL-90R symptoms. When comparing models, adding baseline symptoms increased the models' predictive power in all symptom groups. In most cases, including EMA-stress generated greater predictive power, except for paranoia and interpersonal sensitivity. Adding the EMA-RNT process increased the prediction of paranoia and obsessive symptoms; for hostility symptoms, RNT styles increased predictive power. For the final regression models, considering the initial symptoms, the EMA-RNT process predicted the progression of symptoms in six out of eight groups, while EMA-non-academic stress predicted the remaining two. Additionally, living with other relatives or friends was a predictor of depressive symptoms. The stress of university life impacts the development of psychiatric symptoms in university students. These results provide evidence of RNT as a transdiagnostic process in several syndromic groups. Universal preventive programs should consider the impact of academic and non-academic stress on university students' mental health. Targeting RNT would also benefit selective preventive interventions.

KIRIKKALE İLİNİN KENTLEŞME SÜRECİNİN MAKİNA VE KİMYA ENDÜSTRİSİ KURUMU (MKEK) ÖZELİNDE DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Starting from 1925, the Machinery and Chemical Industry Institution has left its mark on the economic, social and cultural development of Kırıkkale. This institution also has a great share in the problems experienced by a young city that has just entered the urbanisation process on the way to becoming a city. At this point, the positive and negative effects of the Machinery and Chemical Industry Institution in the urbanisation process and the extent to which its effects continue in the city today were first reviewed in the literature, and then it was tried to be revealed with evaluations made specifically for the city. It is an undeniable fact that the institution has made significant contributions to the development of the city in economic, social and cultural aspects. This reality manifests itself especially in population growth. The unplanned settlement forms that emerged with the population increase emerged as the first negative reflection of the institution on the urban development of the city. This situation has brought to the agenda an important problem such as slumming, which a developing city will experience in the long term. Based on the points mentioned, this study is also important in terms of emphasising the problems parallel to industrialisation in newly developing cities.

High-efficiency broadband absorption/reflection integrated lossy acoustic metasurface via embedded microperforated wall

Period phase gradient metasurface plays a great role in promoting the innovation of acoustic application devices. However, harnessing the internal thermal viscosity of the period phase gradient metasurface to realize sound absorption and non-reciprocal transmission faces the narrow working frequency band and uncontrollable efficiency. In this paper, we propose a lossy metasurface by embedded microperforated walls to realize sound redirection and absorption with high efficiency than 90% simultaneously. The phase modulation is realized using an opening channel, which can cover the 2 π phase range in a broadband frequency range by changing the channel depth. The loss introduced by the microperforated walls can achieve efficient sound energy dissipation when negative reflection occurs. The functions can be switched between wave redirection and wave absorption by rotating the metasurface. In addition, this metasurface can redirect the incident wave below −10° and absorb the incident wave above 25° over a wide frequency range from 1500 to 6500 Hz. The simulation and experiment results of our design are in excellent agreement. This research provided a new bridge to integrate wave redirection and absorption with microperforated walls and may have potential applications in acoustic sensing, sound source identification, and mechanical fault diagnosis.

Daily emotional dynamics and changes in posttraumatic growth and posttraumatic depreciation among people living with HIV

ObjectivePosttraumatic growth (PTG), and its negative reflection, posttraumatic depreciation (PTD), are two aspects of response to trauma. This study explores whether daily emotional dynamics (inertia and innovation) can translate into positive versus negative changes among people living with HIV (PLWH) in the form of long-term changes in PTG or PTD. MethodsThe study combined a classical longitudinal approach with two assessments of PTG and PTD within one year and a measurement burst diary design with three weekly electronic diaries. In total, 249 PLWH participated in this study, filling out an expanded version of the Posttraumatic Growth and Depreciation Inventory (PTGDI-X) and a survey of sociodemographic and clinical data. In addition, they assessed their positive affect (PA) and negative affect (NA) at the end of each day in online diaries using a shortened version of the PANAS-X. ResultsAlthough we observed stable significant inertia and innovation of PA and NA across all bursts, these parameters of daily emotional dynamics were unrelated to the longitudinal changes in PTG and PTD. The same null results were also noted for the average levels of NA and PA. ConclusionsThe results indicated the relative stability of emotion regulation in PLWH over the course of one year and contributed to understanding its dynamic mechanisms in terms of trait-like characteristics. The null result of the relationship between the PTG and PTD change might suggest a weak role of emotion regulation in shaping these trajectories as well as a lack of validity of the PTG/PTD measures.

Unraveling the mechanisms behind salt stress alleviation and enhanced fruit storability in pomegranate through triacontanol treatment

Salt stress is a significant factor that leads to various detrimental effects on pomegranate trees. This study was undertaken with the primary objective of developing a treatment strategy aimed at mitigating the adverse impacts of salinity in fields, and its negative reflections on the post-harvest quality of pomegranate fruit. At the commencement of the study, we utilized response surface methodology (RSM) to assess a range of triacontanol (TRA) concentrations along with different spray frequencies. Our investigation revealed that applying 10 and 20 µM TRA three times proved to be the most effective treatments. Accordingly, the effect of these concentrations was studied in depth. The treatment with TRA at concentrations of 10 and 20 µM demonstrated significant positive effects. TRA effectively mitigated the harmful impacts of salinity, preserved the plant's nutrient and antioxidant content, and led to an increase in productivity. Moreover, TRA treatments had a notable effect on enhancing post-harvest storability of fruits during storage at 5 ̊C and 90 % RH for 12 weeks. TRA treatments resulted in higher concentrations of mineral nutrients (N, P, K, and Ca), porphyrin concentration, relative water contents, activities of CAT, POD, and SOD, glycine betaine, proline, amino acids, total phenolics, and total carbohydrates, additionally, TRA treatments led to increased fruit weight and fruit yield compared to the control group. Moreover, TRA treatments attained lower hydrogen peroxide, membrane permeability, malondialdehyde, Na, and Cl compared with control. Indeed, the positive effects of TRA treatments extended to fruit storability. TRA treatments resulted in a notable decrease in the percentage of decay, weight loss, and softness. Furthermore, TRA treatments demonstrated efficacy in preserving TSS, husk color, ascorbic acid, and anthocyanin content in the arils. These combined benefits highlight the potential of using TRA as a practical and effective method to alleviate salt stress and enhance pomegranate fruit storability.

Investigation of The Possible Effects of COVID-19 on HbA1c Levels of Adults without Diabetes: A Retrospective Research

Objective: To retrospectively investigate the possible effects of COVID-19 disease on the hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels of non-diabetic adults. Methods: This study was carried out by scanning the files of 19 non-diabetic adult men and 15 women diagnosed with COVID-19, aged 18-80, who applied to Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University between 2018-2022. Results: After screening, the HbA1c levels of the participants were recorded both before and three months after the diagnosis of COVID-19. The paired samples t-test was used to compare the variations in HbA1c values before and after COVID-19 in both male and female participants. The significance level was evaluated as P<0.05. As a result of statistical analysis, the present study demonstrated that the total HbA1c values of both male and female participants increased significantly after COVID-19 (P<0.05). In addition, it was observed that the total HbA1c value augmented after COVID-19 compared to before the COVID-19 period, regardless of gender. Conclusion:The HbA1c levels of adults without non-diabetic have increased after COVID-19 disease. It may result in a negative reflection on the glycemic profiles of the participants.

Nurses' Caring Experiences for Dying Patients: A Meta-Synthesis Review.

Nurses play an important role in caring for dying patients. The ability to face a dying patient is a vital necessity and skill for nurses. Nurses' experiences in dealing with dying patients help to identify the factors affecting nursing care. Therefore, this meta-synthesis explains nurses caring experiences for dying patients. In this meta-synthesis review, English qualitative articles related to nurses' caring experiences with dying patients that were published in Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and CINAHL databases were selected. The results presented in 4 themes and 4 sub-themes, including (i) dual parallel nursing care (patient care and family care), (ii) conflict between nurses' beliefs and care duties, (iii) care reflections on the nurse (positive and negative care reflection, and (iv) coping strategies of nurses. This study shows that nurses provide diverse care to dying patients and their families, which has had positive and negative reflections on their personal and professional lives. Nurses sometimes had a conflict with their beliefs and treatment protocols, which hesitate to perform the treatment. Although nurses use various coping strategies when caring for dying patients and their families, they need more strategies to cope with multi-faceted physical, mental, spiritual, educational, and management issues.

An Emotional-Aware Mobile Terminal Accessibility-Assisted Recommendation System for the Elderly Based on Haptic Recognition

For the purpose of improving the user experience of mobile smart terminals for the elderly, accessibility tools have become an indispensable component of intelligent system frameworks to meet the varying needs of senior citizens for assistance. Nonetheless, the complexity of accessibility assistive tools complicates the lives of some elderly with a lack of cognitive experience to use these tools independently. Our purpose is to study the relationship between the accessibility design elements of smartphones, the emotions, and touch behaviors of elderly users, and to optimize the accessibility design methods of mobile smart terminals. First, we obtained the four interface elements with the most influence on users through a Semantic Differential evaluation involving 50 participants. Second, in a touch event collection experiment, 20 participants’ touch data was collected, and an SVM-based correlation model between interface elements, user emotions, and touch behaviors was established. Third, the prototype of the assistive recommender was iterated employing the combination of the correlation model and Genetic Algorithms. Ultimately, the effectiveness of the six touch media recommendations was compared through usability testing. The experimental results indicates that: (1) Emotion-aware accessibility assistive recommendation systems based on haptic recognition can enhance the elderly’s ability to access information through mobile terminals. (2) Middle-aged and elderly users have a more robust negative emotion reflection for dragging and swiping on touch screens. (3) Negative emotions of elderly users can assist identify design defects of accessibility tools. Our research work distilled a set of design suggestions for digital accessibility improvement, thereby enhancing the usability and inclusiveness of assistive tools in diverse contexts, and reducing the psychological pressure caused by unfamiliar interfaces. This study supplies a reference for improving the emotional experience of elderly people employing mobile terminals and extending the approach to accessible design.

Marksist ve Freudyen Bağlamda Kötülük Kavramının Gazetelerin İnternet Sayfalarına Yansıyan Haberler Üzerinden İncelenmesi

The positive or negative impact of media content on individuals and society is a matter of much debate, but it has been the subject of many studies from the past to the present. The main debate on this issue is the size of this effect rather than the influence of the media. News and content in the media, whether positive or negative, inevitably affect individuals or society in some way. Setting aside the positive impact, it is possible to say that a significant portion of content in the media negatively affects individuals, either directly or indirectly. This is because it's a known fact that the media is more inclined and eager to publish negative content. In particular, news related to societal events, referred to as "third-page news", frequently finds a place in the media. Third-page news predominantly consists of negative stories. It causes exposure to negative content in many ways. Considering that these negativities reach people of all ages, levels of education, and status, negative social reflections can be observed, especially in the medium to long term. The detailed presentation of news that may set a negative example (evil) in the media, and especially in the new media, can set an example for other people and cause the evil to spread systematically. This study aims to examine the news published on the internet news sites of the most followed newspapers in Turkey, through the concept of evil in the Marxist and Freudian context. For this purpose, news texts were examined from macro and micro perspectives using the discourse analysis method. According to the main findings obtained from the study, parallel results were obtained with the thesis that evil manifests itself more based on economic reasons, which is dominant in Marxist thought. On the other hand, the findings showing that there is a high number of incidents involving individuals committing evil for trivial reasons lead to the belief that the Freudian perspective of evil is prevalent in society.

Öğretmenlerin Eğitim Yönetiminde Karşılaştıkları Ayrımcı Tutum ve Davranış Algılarının Anlaşılmasına Yönelik Araştırma Bulgularının Değerlendirilmesi

In this research, it is aimed to evaluate the research findings aimed at understanding the perceptions of discriminatory attitudes and behaviors encountered by teachers in educational administration. This study was conducted in schools in Bağcılar district of Istanbul Province under the Ministry of National Education. The method of this qualitative study is case science (phenomenology) and the data were interpreted by descriptive analysis. The participants of the study consist of 16 teachers from different branches at kindergarten, elementary, middle and high school levels. A semi-structured interview form was applied with 4 open-ended questions delivered to teachers via Google Forms. The aim of the project is to damage the sense of justice of the teacher who is exposed / witnessed discriminatory behavior and to determine the negative reflection of this on his inner world from the primary mouth. The questions directed to the teachers were planned in the form of a semi-structured interview form, and the data collection tools were determined in this way. In the analysis of the qualitatively collected data, the data obtained were divided into codes and categories and classified using certain themes. Key Words: Teacher, Education Management, Discrimination, Research Finding

Passive white light cavities with metal coatings.

White light cavities with broadband resonance are usually filled with negative dispersion medium, which inevitably leads to gain. In this article, pure passive white light cavities are designed, in which negative dispersion medium is no longer necessary. Theoretically, if the reflection phase of the cavity wall can exhibit a negative dispersion slope, then it can also satisfy white light cavities conditions without medium. In practice, the negative dispersion property of the cavity wall can be realized by two metal coatings with different reflection coefficients. Therefore, our white light cavities are composite cavities, in which the main cavity provides resonance while the auxiliary cavity forms the cavity wall, providing negative dispersion reflection phase. Further, atomic gas can be employed to improve the performance of the white light cavities. Atomic gas exploits effects such as Electromagnetic Induced Transparency (EIT), enabling the white light cavities to be controlled by coherent driving field. With the passive characters, our design can be realized and implemented much more easily.

Dark Triad and Social Media Addiction: A Meta-Analysis

The Dark triad consists of three personality traits including narcissism, Machiavellianism and psychopathy. Social media addiction is defined as individuals’ losing control over social media use and thus experiencing negative reflections on academic, social, and emotional life. Dark triad personality traits can be considered to be positively associated with social media addiction. This study aims to investigate the association between the dark triad and social media addiction using meta-analysis method. The meta-analysis includes a total of 7064 participants in 15 studies. Results indicated a positive association between the dartk triad and social media addiction. The study also utilized meta-regression analysis to determine the moderator role of measures used for dark triad and social media addiction. The results showed that measures did not have a significant moderator role in the association between the dark triad and social media addiction. Analyses indicated high and significant heterogeneity. In conclusion, a medium-level, positive, and significant effect size was found in the association between the dark triad and social media addiction. The results of this study indicate the need to focus on personality factors for the prevention of and intervention for social media addiction.