Negative Parental Attitudes Research Articles

Taming disability. Working with parents of children after specialist diagnosis

This article discusses the subject of effective working with parents of children with disabilities. It describes the fundamentals of proper relationships, the stages of taming disability, and negative parental attitudes in the context of their aptitude for engagement. It also includes conclusions from selected research reports and the goals of working with parents. Its task is to approximate the specifics of the situation of parents with children with disabilities, to more effectively support them, to select the content of pedagogy, and indirectly to allow optimal development of the child.

Parenting and materialism in children

The aim of the present study was to investigate the relation between child-rearing styles of the mother and father, and their children's materialism. 346 subjects, aged 20-35, took part in the study. To measure the variables, the following scales were used: My Childhood Memories, designed by Arrindell et al. (2001); the Material Values Scale designed by Richins (2004); the Priorities in Life Scale (2001); and the Motives for Making Money Scale, designed by Srivastav, Locke and Bartol (2001). The study has shown that the formation of a materialistic orientation is facilitated by negative parenting attitudes: rejection in the case of the mother and excessive protection in the case of the father. Positive attitudes have a two-directional impact. The father's positive attitude hinders the development of the materialistic orientation, while a similar attitude on the part of the mother may foster it.

Associations between sociocultural home environmental factors and vegetable consumption among Norwegian 3–5-year olds: BRA-study

The home environment is the first environment to shape childhood dietary habits and food preferences, hence greater understanding of home environmental factors associated with vegetable consumption among young children is needed.The objective has been to examine questionnaire items developed to measure the sociocultural home environment of children focusing on vegetables and to assess the psychometric properties of the resulting factors. Further, to explore associations between the environmental factors and vegetable consumption among Norwegian 3–5 year olds.Parents (n 633) were invited to participate and filled in a questionnaire assessing the child's vegetable intake and factors potentially influencing this, along with a 24-h recall of their child's fruit and vegetable intake. Children's fruit and vegetable intakes at two meals in one day in the kindergarten were observed by researchers.Principal components analysis was used to examine items assessing the sociocultural home environment. Encouragement items resulted in factors labelled “reactive encouragement”, “child involvement” and “reward”. Modelling items resulted in the factors labelled “active role model” and “practical role model”. Items assessing negative parental attitudes resulted in the factor labelled “negative parental attitudes” and items assessing family pressure/demand resulted in the factor labelled “family demand”. The psychometric properties of the factors were for most satisfactory. Linear regression of the associations between vegetable intake and the factors showed, as expected, generally positive associations with “child involvement”, “practical role model” and “family demand”, and negative associations with “negative parental attitudes” and “reward”. Unexpectedly, “reactive encouragement” was negatively associated with vegetable consumption.In conclusion, associations between sociocultural home environmental factors and children's vegetable consumption showed both expected and unexpected associations some of which differed by maternal education – pointing to a need for further comparable studies.

Suporte social parental e prevenção na primeira infância em contextos de adversidade: A perspetiva de profissionais de educação de infância e saúde mental no Brasil

Este estudo, qualitativo e exploratório, tem como objetivo conhecer as perceções de profissionais que trabalham em creche e em serviços de saúde mental para a infância (Centro de Atenção Psicossocial para a Infância – CAPSi) sobre as suas funções de suporte social parental em contextos de adversidade. Ambiciona, simultaneamente, identificar asrepresentações sobre parentalidade subjacentes a essas perceções.As instituições participantes servem famílias moradoras em favelas ou em condições de adversidade na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, no Brasil. Utilizaram-se entrevistas semiestruturadas e observação participante durante nove semanas. Foram entrevistados 17 profissionaiscuidadores de crianças, sendo seis na creche e 11 no CAPSi. Dificuldades na intervenção são atribuídas, pelos profissionais, ao contexto socioeconómico das famílias. Atitudes parentais negativas e coercitivas são normalizadas pelos profissionais no âmbito da cultura brasileira. Conclui-se pela necessidade de suporte social ao profissional de suportesocial parental formal à família em condição de adversidade socioeconómica no Brasil.

Colonial remnants in Afro-Asian system of education: Evidence from educational exclusion of rural women in Punjab

Education is recognized worldwide as fulcrum around which the development of nation revolves. Since independence, in Afro-Asian countries, the inherited colonial systems were expanded and modified to serve new economic and social needs identified by subsequent governments. This paper using the secondary data sources discusses the education system in Afro Asian Countries in colonial as well as post colonial period. The analysis reveals that colonial hegemony is visible in post colonial education system and its inherent remnants of policies of exclusion. Further, an empirical evidence of rural women in Indian Punjab is presented. Qualitative and quantitative information reveal that educational status of rural Indian women is abysmally low. The dismal status of education in rural women is witnessed with acute illiteracy, low level of education and high drop out among girl child. Major constraints for poor levels of education are; weak socio economic status, poverty in the family, parental illiteracy, distance of educational institution from village, social barriers, negative attitude of parents towards girls’ education, un-safety, cost of education, lack of employment opportunities and social issues like dowry etc. It is observed that after independence all Afro-Asian countries invested heavily in educational expansion and diversification, but the system has failed to provide equal opportunities to people.

Understanding Female Intimate Partner Violence Perpetration, Parenting Attitudes, and Batterer Intervention Program Completion

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of parenting attitudes and widely used indicators of intimate partner violence perpetration on program completion in a sample of women required to attend a 26-week batterer intervention program. Methods: This research used a nonequivalent, control-group design in a secondary analysis of 146 women. Results: Analysis showed that (a) logistic regression indicated a statistically significant model for predicting Adult-Adolescent Parenting Inventory scores using level of education and racial group; (b) logistic regression also demonstrated that treatment completion could be successfully predicted by Revise Conflict Tactics Scale Negotiation score and referral status (e.g., regular court, criminal domestic violence court, and pretrial intervention). Conclusions: These analyses illustrate characteristics of female batterers as they connect to parenting attitudes and offer initial evidence suggesting that women in treatment for intimate partner violence perpetration display a host of negative parenting attitudes. Implications of these results were investigated and considered.

"I Won't Out Myself Just to Do a Survey": Sexual and Gender Minority Adolescents' Perspectives on the Risks and Benefits of Sex Research.

Sexual and gender minority (SGM) adolescents under age 18 are underrepresented in sexual health research. Exclusion of SGM minors from these studies has resulted in a lack of knowledge about the risks and benefits youth experience from sexual health research participation. Institutional Review Boards' (IRB) overprotective stances toward research risks and requirements for guardian consent for SGM research are significant barriers to participation, though few have investigated SGM youth's perspectives on these topics. This study aimed to empirically inform decisions about guardian consent for sexuality survey studies involving SGM youth. A total of 74 SGM youth aged 14-17 completed an online survey of sexual behavior and SGM identity, and a new measure that compared the discomfort of sexual health survey completion to everyday events and exemplars of minimal risk research (e.g., behavioral observation). Youth described survey benefits and drawbacks and perspectives on guardian permission during an online focus group. Participants felt about the same as or more comfortable completing the survey compared to other research procedures, and indicated that direct and indirect participation benefits outweighed concerns about privacy and emotional discomfort. Most would not have participated if guardian permission was required, citing negative parental attitudes about adolescent sexuality and SGM issues and not being "out" about their SGM identity. Findings suggest that sexual health survey studies meet minimal risk criteria, are appropriate for SGM youth, and that recruitment would not be possible without waivers of guardian consent. Decreasing barriers to research participation would dramatically improve our understanding of sexual health among SGM youth.

Military experience helps setting reasonable personality characteristics but does not alter the criminal behavior-related impression of negative parental experience and alcoholism in a Chinese population

Personalities are determined by convergent factors, including physical environment, culture, special experience, and heredity. It has been shown that abuse of substance and alcohol among individuals with personality disorders predict criminality (Glenn and Raine, 2014; Hernandez-Avila et al., 2000). Thus, it is important to clarify the relationship between psychological characteristics and valence of criminal practice, even in the population without substance abuse. Here, we focused on a population with military experience in Shaanxi province of China to screen the psychological characteristics and correlate these characteristics to criminal behaviors. The study population included incarcerated veterans, incarcerated civilians, and three groups of military troops with different lengths of active duty history (<1 month, 1 year, and 2 years). We used the MAST (Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test), EMBU (Egna Minnen av Barndoms Uppfostran), and 16PF (Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire) for the screening purpose. Eight hundred seventy-five valid packets of questionnaires were collected during November 2014–January 2015. Comparison of the mean scores was used to evaluate the difference among the five groups. Incarcerated veterans and incarcerated civilians shared the alcohol abuse-relevant characteristics, including negative parental attitudes during their childhood and decreased emotional stability. Compared to the incarcerated civilians, incarcerated veterans scored higher in emotional stability, self-reliance, and perfectionism, but a lower score in apprehension. Personality characteristics associated with criminal behavior of incarcerated veterans seem to be unrelated to their military service per se as evidenced by the control groups. Conversely, military service may benefit the personnel characteristics even in the incarcerated veteran population.

부모양육태도와 자아존중감 및 또래애착이 정서문제에 미치는 영향

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Parenting Attitude, Self-esteem, and Peer Attachment on Emotion Problem. The study is based on data from first wave of 'Korean Child Youth Panel Survey 2010(KCYPS)' and the subjects of this survey were 2,098 1st grade junior middle school students. To measure the variables, this study used such scales as the parenting attitude scale, self-esteem scale, and peer attachment scale and emotional problem scale. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation and structural equation modeling analysis. Results of structural equation modeling with data indicated that hypothesized structural equation model produced a good fit but, no direct effect between negative parenting attitude and peer attachment. The self-esteem have mediating effect between parenting attitude and peer attachment, emotion problem. The peer attachment have mediating effect between positive parenting attitude and emotion problem but, did not have mediating effect between negative parenting attitude and emotion problem. The implications for counseling and suggestions for future research are discussed.

융복합시대 부모양육태도가 청소년의 팬덤활동에 미치는 영향: 심리적 요인과 삶의 만족도의 매개효과를 중심으로

Abstract The purpose of the study is to examine the effect of parenting attitudes on adolescents’ fandom activities, and to prove the meditating effect of psychological factors and life satisfaction on the relationship between parenting attitudes and adolescents’ fandom activities. The results are as follows: First, while negative parenting attitude influenced negatively adolescents’ fandom activities, positive parenting attitude had no effect on them. Second, positive parenting attitude had negative effect on adolescents’ psychological factors, but negative parenting attitude influenced positively them. Third, adolescents’ psychological factors influenced positively their fandom activities. Fourth, adolescents' psychological factors had perfect mediating effect between positive parenting attitude and their fandom activities, and they also played partial mediating role between negative parenting attitude and their fandom activities. Key Words : Parenting Attitude, Psychological Factor, Life Satisfaction, Fandom Activity, Convergence

Awareness and practices about menstrual hygiene and its impact among migrant adolescent girls of Dera: a community based cross-sectional study from Nashik (Maharashtra)

&lt;p class="abstract"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Onset of menstruation is one of the most important changes occurring during adolescence. In various parts of India, there are several cultural traditions, myths and misconceptions related to menstruation, which make them vulnerable to genital tract infections. There is very little awareness about menstruation among girls when they first experience it. Social prohibitions and negative attitude of parents in discussing the related issues openly has blocked the access of adolescent girls to right kind of information especially among migrant adolescent girls. Women having better knowledge regarding menstrual hygiene and safe practices are less vulnerable to Reproductive Tract Infections (RTI) and its consequences. Hence this study was conducted with objective to assess awareness and practices of menstrual hygiene among adolescent in migrant population. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="abstract"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Study area and study population: This cross-sectional community based study was conducted among migrant adolescent girls residing in (Dera) the Corporation area of Nashik (Maharashtra). Duration of study: The study was carried out for 2 months. Purposive sampling method was adopted. We carried out in-depth interviews among such purposively selected adolescent girls till redundancy in responses started creeping up. A written informed consent was taken from the study subject’s. A semi-structured schedule with open ended questions was used for data collection process. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="abstract"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Majority of the study participants were not aware (75%) about menarche while for sanitary protection old traditional method cloths were used. Knowledge of menarche was mostly (50%) provided by friends followed by mother (35%). &lt;/p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; In the present study, we found that the myths and misconceptions about menstrual practices are still continued in the 21&lt;sup&gt;st&lt;/sup&gt; Century. There is a need to focus on such migrant population for their better health.

Assessment of Psychopathology, Quality of Life, and Parental Attitudes in Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.

The aim of the present study was to identify psychopathology, parental attitudes, perceptions of quality of life, and relationships between these factors in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM). Fifty adolescents (12-18 years old) with type 1 diabetes mellitus and 50 healthy adolescents and their parents were recruited for the study. Clinical interviews with the diabetic adolescents were performed using "Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL)." Both groups completed the "Depression Scale for Children," "State-Trait Anxiety Inventory," and "Health Related Quality of Life Scale for Children," while their parents completed the "Parental Attitude Research Instrument," "The Coping Strategy Indicator," and "Health Related Quality of Life Scale for Children-Parent Form." The psychological disorder ratio in diabetic adolescents was 68%. No significant difference was found regarding perceptions of quality of life between the diabetic group and control group. However, diabetic adolescents with psychological disorder had reduced perception of quality of life than those without psychological disorder. Among parental attitudes, an authoritarian attitude was found to be more common in the diabetic group. It was found that among coping strategies, parents in the diabetic group use avoidance more commonly. In the present study, a high rate of psychopathology was detected among adolescents with type 1 DM. In addition, no clear impairment in quality of life was reported in patients with type 1 DM; however, there was worsening in the perception of quality of life in the presence of psychiatric disorders accompanying diabetes. It was found that parents of diabetic children use inappropriate coping strategies and negative parental attitudes more often than those of healthy controls.

The mediating effect of social withdrawal on the relationship between negative parenting attitudes and victimization in adolescents

The mediating effect of social withdrawal on the relationship between negative parenting attitudes and victimization in adolescents

Male Parenting Attitudes and Batterer Intervention

Objective: The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationship between parenting attitudes and intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration and identify factors associated with program completion for a 26-week batterer intervention program (BIP). Method: The study employed a nonequivalent, control-group design (comparing program completers to dropouts) in a secondary analysis of 111 men court ordered to the BIP. Results: Correlational and logistic regression analysis indicated (1) a modest relationship between the parenting attitudes and the IPV perpetration, (2) a significant model for predicting parenting attitudes scores using number of children and racial group, and (3) BIP treatment completion could be successfully predicted by education. Conclusion: These findings reveal characteristics of male batterers, as they relate to parenting attitudes and provide preliminary evidence suggesting that men in treatment for IPV offenses endorse a host of negative parenting attitudes. Implications of these findings were explored and discussed.

Wybrane przyczyny dysfunkcjonalności rodziny

Within several centuries the family model has been considerably transformed. After radical social changes different types of families arose. One of them is a dysfunctional family which is known for not meeting their children's basic needs. Many external factors contribute to dysfunctionality of a family. One of them is the phenomenon of physical or psychical violence. Others are: alcoholism, poverty, negative parental attitudes which affect negatively on child's personality.

Parental Attitudes Toward the Inclusion of Children With Profound Intellectual and Multiple Disabilities in General Primary Education in the Netherlands

Despite the growing introduction of inclusive education, children with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities (PIMD) are barely included. Because an underlying factor here may be the attitudes of those directly involved, the present study focuses on the attitude of parents and relating variables concerning experience with individuals with disabilities. A self-report questionnaire was completed by 190 parents of children attending general primary schools in the north of the Netherlands. Although parents showed an overall positive attitude, they were most negative about the inclusion of children with PIMD. In addition, no “experience with individuals with disabilities” was slightly negatively associated with the parents’ attitudes. To overcome barriers of the inclusion of children with PIMD, such as negative parental attitudes, the outcomes of the present study are discussed in the light of possible interventions.

Psychodramatic group psychotherapy as a parental intervention in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A preliminary study

It is already known that clinical attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is affected by some negative parenting variables. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of psychodramatic group psychotherapy (PGP) on parenting variables. The study group included seven mothers whose children had been diagnosed with ADHD and were attending a special education and rehabilitation center. Twelve PGP sessions, one per week, were conducted with these mothers. Participants’ statements were recorded at each session, and these statements were evaluated to indicate basic parental variables, namely: parental psychopathology, negative parental cognitions, negative parental attitudes, family functionality–marital conflict, and parental stress. The statistical study revealed that statements indicating parental psychopathology and negative parental attitudes showed a statistically significant negative correlation with time. Qualitative data indicate mothers stigmatization, self-stigmatization and harsh punishment toward the children. Parental psychopathology and negative parental attitudes are two parental factors that are known to have a negative impact on the clinical status of ADHD, and PGP might be effective in improving these two factors.

What Parents Think about Giving Nonnutritive Sweeteners to Their Children: A Pilot Study.

Objective. To evaluate parental attitudes toward providing foods and beverages with nonnutritive sweeteners (NNS) to their children and to explore parental ability to recognize NNS in packaged foods and beverages. Methods. 120 parents of children ≥ 1 and ≤18 years of age completed brief questionnaires upon entering or exiting a grocery store. Parental attitudes toward NNS were assessed using an interviewer-assisted survey. Parental selection of packaged food and beverages (with and without NNS) was evaluated during a shopping simulation activity. Parental ability to identify products with NNS was tested with a NNS recognition test. Results. Most parents (72%) disagreed with the statement “NNS are safe for my child to consume.” This was not reflected during the shopping simulation activity because about one-quarter of items selected by parents contained NNS. Parents correctly identified only 23% of NNS-containing items presented as foods or beverages which were sweetened with NNS. Conclusions. The negative parental attitudes toward providing NNS to their children raise the question whether parents are willing to replace added sugars with NNS in an effort to reduce their child's calorie intake. Our findings also suggest that food labeling should be revised in order for consumers to more easily identify NNS in foods and beverages.

ARSH 6: Reproductive Health Needs Assessment of Adolescents and Young People (15–24 y): A Qualitative Study on ‘Perceptions of Program Managers and Health Providers’

To understand the perceptions of program managers and service providers using in depth interview technique, a well-accepted qualitative research that can also offer semi quantitative input. Need assessment was done qualitatively using in-depth interviews, among program managers of health care system including District Medical Officers and RCH Officers and program service providers, both in rural and urban areas. In total 34 in-depth interviews were conducted. Nearly half (2+) of the program managers and service providers of adolescent programs opined that the important problems faced by adolescents were issues related to sexuality, psychosocial conflict, identity crisis, adjustment problems and scholastic problems. Approximately half of them thought that improper parenting, negative attitude of parents, separated parents, ignorance of parents, family background, nuclear family setup etc. are the most important factors, which influence adolescent problems and that friends and media are their major source of reproductive sexual health information. Nearly half of them pointed out that pain and psychological disturbances like anxiety, tension and anger were the important menstrual problems faced by adolescents. Again nearly half of them, felt that FLE (Family Life Education) should be given at school and ARSH services at PHCs, but there was little consensus on provision of contraceptive service and abortion services to adolescents. All the service providers and program managers are ready to cooperate but they had varied opinions about who should impart adolescent reproductive sexual health education and how the program should be done.

Interpersonal Factors Associated with Depression in Adolescents: Are These Consistent with Theories Underpinning Interpersonal Psychotherapy?

The aim of this study was to investigate whether depressed adolescents differed from non-depressed adolescents in terms of constructs consistent with those that are proposed to underpin interpersonal psychotherapy. In particular, it was hypothesized that compared with non-depressed adolescents, depressed adolescents would demonstrate a greater number of negative life events associated with interpersonal loss and major life transitions, a more insecure attachment style and poorer communication skills, interpersonal relationships and social support. Thirty-one clinically diagnosed depressed adolescents were matched with 31 non-depressed adolescents on age, gender and socio-economic status. The 62 participants were aged between 12 and 19 years and comprised 18 male and 44 female adolescents. On a self-report questionnaire, depressed adolescents reported a greater number of negative interpersonal life events, a less secure attachment style and scored higher on all insecure attachment styles compared with the non-depressed adolescents. In addition, depressed adolescents demonstrated lower levels of social skill (on both adolescent and parent report), a poorer quality of relationship with parents (on both adolescent and parent report) and lower social competence (adolescent report only). Parents of depressed adolescents also reported more negative parental attitudes and behaviours towards their adolescent compared with parents of non-depressed adolescents. Thus, the results of this study are consistent with the constructs underlying interpersonal psychotherapy and suggest their usefulness in the assessment, conceptualization and treatment of adolescent depression. Clinical implications are discussed.