Negative Light Research Articles

The place of the phenomenon of manipulation in political discourse

The article examines issues of political manipulation from the linguistic point of view. Diversified review of studies of the phenomenon of political manipulation was accomplished and the role of means of language in the process of manipulation was described. It is postulated that manipulation inherently belongs to the people`s speech and in particular to the speech of the politicians. In this respect, it is deemed to be wrong to study manipulation in an exclusively negative light. The focus of the research is the effect of the manipulatory impact and this interest is predetermined by the emphasis on the linguo-pragmatic aspects of communication. Political discourse is characterized by manipulative features in order to conduct a propaganda conflict, which is achieved using various linguistic units and methods, such as nominalization, euphemisms, precedent phenomena. The political discourse of the media has a huge impact on the formation of public opinion, which is done with the help of the above tools of speech manipulation. The article examines the features of manipulative technologies of political discourse. The severity of the problem of the manipulative potential of speech is determined by direct communication between the institutionalized addressee and the mass addressee, which takes place in the political discourse of the media. A brief analysis of the types of manipulation depending on the nature of information transformations is given, which determines the presence of specific features of the language of politics, as well as the use of special tools that contribute to the implementation of the main functions of political discourse. According to the author, the media are forming a new political reality in which manipulation technologies become a key instrument of political behaviour of the masses.

진주(陳奏)와 탐문(探問) -신유년(1801) 동지겸진주사(冬至兼陳奏使)의 활동과 정보수집-

Examined in this article are the actions of the Joseon Winter Solstice Celebratory Envoy, which was dispatched to Peijing to discuss the aftermath of Joseon’s Shin’yu-year(1801) persecution of the Catholic church(1801), and collect intelligence over relevant matters in Qing. This ‘Dongji(Winter Solstice)-gyeom(&)-jinju(Report)-sa’ emissary the Joseon government sent to Qing this particular year was sent in the first place to explain to the Qing government why Joseon had Chinese Catholic priest Ju Mun-mo executed during the said year’s Catholic persecution, and discuss measures such as border inspections to prevent the Catholic church’s further advance into Joseon with the Qing government. So the Joseon government sent Jo Yun-dae, Seo Mi-su and Yi Gi-heon, who were all directly involved in the Shin’yu-year persecution, as chief representative(Jeongsa), Busa(vice representative) and Seojang-gwan. The envoy was successful in carrying out its primary mission.<BR> Yet this envoy also gathered intelligence with regard to the Qing dynasty’s general affairs. They collected information on the Emperor(Gagyeong-je)’s reputation, the lives of the public, and various peasant revolts. All these data show us how things were in Qing at the time, but as collecting intelligence was not an easy task to begin with, information depicting Qing in a rather negative light ended up being more dominantly collected. Such intelligence, gathered in a fairly unbalanced fashion, was shared among the Joseon officials through occasions like the envoys’ meeting with the King upon their return, or their filing of official reports(Mun’gyeon Sageon), and ended up reinforcing the Joseon people’s negative view toward Qing. <BR> This shows us that the Joseon envoys to Qing dynasty’s Peijing capital maintained a preconception while gathering intelligence, rather than having an open mind and examine the Qing society as it really was. This may be considered as the legacy of the Joseon envoys sent to Peijing at the time. One may also say that this particular envoy sent to Peijing in 1801 tried to confirm what they had already been believing all along, instead of trying to first witness and then report how things in Qing actually were.

The Marriage of Tristan and Isolde: Love, Marriage, and Adultery in Eilhart von Oberg’sTristrant(before 1190)

The medieval legend of Tristan and Isolde is typically read as a celebration of adulterous love. This interpretation is often connected to outdated but still-widespread notions of courtly love as necessarily adulterous, unfulfilled, and deadly. This essay challenges this interpretation through an examination of one of the earliest versions of the Tristan romance, Eilhart von Oberg’s Tristrant. The essay argues that Eilhart’s romance is under the sway of a medieval discourse that strongly associated love with marriage, particularly consensual marriage. It shows that Tristan and Isolde are depicted as though they were married throughout the first half of the romance, with Tristan effectively replacing his uncle as Isolde’s husband. Scenes from the second half of the romance, in which the lovers engage in clearly adulterous behaviour, appear in a negative light that ultimately physically destroys both figures. Far from celebrating adultery, the Tristrant advocates for love in marriage.

The Biography Of Abdulla Avloni, Representative Of Uzbek Literature Renaissance, From A New Perspective

This article provides a new scientific analysis of the biography of Abdulla Avloni, an enlightened poet, playwright, journalist, scientist, statesman and public figure who lived and worked in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It is well known that in the Soviet era, educated, enlightened people were persecuted as enemies of the people. Those who were shot, family members were politically persecuted as relatives of the enemy of the people. Most writers, scientists were forced to change their biographies, to hide their genealogy. In works of art, the aristocracy is portrayed in a negative light. The article analyzes the changes made to Abdulla Avloni's biography for political reasons on the basis of scientific sources and memoirs.

Public-private: unequal competition Israeli public hospitals vs the private health-care system following government reforms

Purpose This study aims to map perceptions and changes in public hospitals in response to competition with the private health system, describes solutions adopted by the public hospitals and considers their implications for the business and strategic management of those hospitals. Design/methodology/approach This paper opted for a qualitative study using the open-ended approach of grounded theory, including 40 in-depth interviews with key figures in the health system and administrators at various levels of management. Findings Public hospitals are constantly adopting changes because of state-mandated reforms and growing competition with private hospitals. Notable measures include making hospitals customer-oriented and adopting business-oriented behaviors and competitive and marketing strategies. However, because public hospitals are unable to institute radical changes, they typically introduce hybrid services (private services within public services) and other creative solutions such as business-funded research foundations operating alongside them. Research limitations/implications The main methodological limitation of this study was the difficulty in obtaining data because of the limited cooperation and lack of transparency of Israel’s health-care system. The interviewees expressed concerns that their department or hospital would appear in a negative light, especially as motivated solely by financial considerations. In anticipation of this difficulty, requests for participation were addressed individually and contained extensive detail regarding the study, the ethics committee’s approval, the data gathering and the strict maintenance of anonymity and confidentiality. Originality/value Adopting business-oriented behaviors in public hospitals is somewhat contrary to the principles of public medicine. Their adaptation to the market is partial, and their creative hybrid solutions require state regulation. The absence of controls leads to duplication and waste, causing various problems, including increased social inequality, costs and deficits.

Study on the Characteristics of UHV Negative Lightning Discharge in Tower-line Air Gap

Research on the characteristics of UHV negative lighting discharge process in tower-line air gap is of great significance to the lightning protection of UHV transmission lines. Based on the physical mechanism of negative discharge in long air gap, a simulation model of UHV negative lightning discharge is established. According to the UHV negative discharge model, the relationship between the development speed of the leader, lightning current wave front time, gap length and breakdown voltage in the physical process of lightning development is studied and analyzed. The analysis results discuss the influence of the development speed of the positive and negative polarity leader on the simulation calculation, and the relationship between wavefront time, gap length and breakdown voltage is obtained through fitting.

The perceived impact of fluency on personalities of adults who stutter: implicit evidence of self-stigma

Purpose The NEO-FFI is an extensively used instrument that has been used to identify personality differences between those who stutter and matched controls or group norms. The goal of this study was to use the NEO-FFI to implicitly capture and quantify self-stigma related to personality in persons who stutter (PWS). Methods Thirty PWS completed the NEO-FFI twice; once as themselves and once while mentalizing (using theory of mind) to respond as though they did not stutter and had never stuttered, thus comparing their true personality to their perceived personality if they were fluent speakers. Compared to their true personalities, PWS perceived their fluent counterparts to be significantly less neurotic and more extroverted. Results The differences observed are somewhat analogous, though considerably larger in magnitude than personality differences that have previously been reported when comparing PWS to fluent controls or norms. Differences were interpreted to be due to “contrast effects” influencing the comparison. That is, PWS cognitively separated themselves from their fluent counterparts, seeing their true selves in a negative light compared to their fluent counterparts. This “us” vs. “them” separation is considered evidence of self-stigma related to personality in PWS. Conclusions The finding that the perceived differences were in the domains of Neuroticism and Extraversion is consistent with prevailing stereotypes about PWS and exemplifies how public stigma can become internalized. Clinical implications are discussed with respect to how similar theory of mind/social comparison exercises can be used in cognitive behavioral therapy to help identify and restructure negative thoughts and beliefs about stuttering.

What Does Context Have to Do With Anything? A Study of Professional Identity Formation in Physician-Trainees Considered Underrepresented in Medicine

Research on professional identity formation has largely ignored how race, ethnicity, and the larger sociohistorical context work to shape medical students' professional identity. Researchers investigated how physician-trainees considered underrepresented in medicine (URM) negotiate their professional identity within the larger sociohistorical context that casts them in a negative light. In this qualitative study, 14 black/African American medical students were recruited from the Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University and Emory University College of Medicine between September 2018 and April 2019. Using constructive grounded theory and Swann's model of identity negotiation, the authors analyzed interview data for how students negotiate their racial and professional identities within medical education. The results indicated that URM students were aware of the negative stereotypes ascribed to black individuals and the potential for the medical community to view them negatively. In response, students employed identity cues and strategies to bring the community's perceptions in line with how they perceived themselves-black and a physician. Specifically, students actively worked to integrate their racial and professional identities by "giving back" to the African American community. Community-initiated mentoring from non-URM physicians helped to reify students' hope that they could have a racialized professional identity. Race, ethnicity, and the larger sociohistorical context is often overlooked in professional identity formation research, and this omission has resulted in an underappreciation of the challenges URM physicians' experience as they develop a professional identity. Within the context of this study, findings demonstrated that black/African American physicians negotiated the formation of professional identity within a challenging sociohistorical context, which should be given greater consideration in related research.

Hispanic Racialization, Citizenship, and the Colorado Border Blockade of 1936

Abstract In April of 1936, Governor Edwin “Big Ed” Johnson of Colorado declared martial law in a one-mile strip along the state’s southern border with New Mexico, claiming that an invasion of “aliens and indigents” threatened the well-being of Colorado and its citizens. In addition to literally placing a militarized boundary between the more Anglo state of Colorado and the heavily Hispanic state of New Mexico, Johnson’s blockade also heightened contestations over the social boundary between who belonged and who fell outside of citizenship and belonging. Those crossing the New Mexico-Colorado border for work included Mexican immigrants as well as New Mexican Hispanics who were long-time US citizens, most of whom were racialized as undesirable foreigners by many Anglo residents. Interestingly, during the blockade, many native-born Hispanics in New Mexico and Colorado also characterized Mexican immigrants in a negative light, while simultaneously and vigorously asserting their belonging as Spanish American citizens of the United States. The scholarly literature on the racialization of Hispanics has generally approached Mexican-origin people as a unitary group, explored their racial identity in contrast to Anglos, and, less often, taken into account tensions over racialization as they played out between different Hispanic groups. In response, this article details how Johnson’s blockade contributed to the racialization—by both Anglos and Hispanics—of Mexican immigrants and Hispanics in the Southwest during the New Deal Era. This case study also offers a rare example of a state’s attempt to usurp the federal government’s plenary power over immigration during the twentieth century, a time when the federal government’s control over immigration was relatively unquestioned.

Is the linguists’ View of Prescriptive Grammar Reductionist? (A Re-examination of the Accusations Made against the Prescriptive Tradition)

This paper seeks to intellectually stimulate researchers who are interested in the history of grammar and the long-standing debate about prescriptivism. Contrary to popular belief, there are scholars who still put forward arguments about the significant role played by prescriptive grammar in the development of Modern Standard English. Such counter-arguments are usually absent in many introductory textbooks to linguistics, which portray prescriptive grammar in a negative light. Nonetheless, only by listening to both sides of the debate, researchers can make a more objective judgment, avoid reductionist views, and encourage students of linguistics to engage in critical thinking. Therefore, the aim of this study is to re-examine the accusations made against prescriptive grammar by investigating various sources that give a different perspective on the origins and significance of the prescriptive tradition. The study has found that there is a strong connection between the prescriptive school of grammar and the development and preservation of Modern Standard English. Instead of being an impediment, the prescriptive approach that began in the 18th Century was a historical necessity at a time when linguistic variations were out of proportion and accepted standards were absent. The founders of this school did a great service to the English-speaking world by their contributions to the creation of a standard variety that has facilitated communication between speakers of diverse dialects of English. Unfortunately, the merits of this school have been buried by blanket accusations that lack careful analysis of what the works of prescriptive grammarians contained. The study has also shown how the dismissal of the prescriptive grammar can have negative outcomes and why it is important to re-examine the allegations made against it by modern linguists.

Improvised routines driving best practices: investing in disobedience

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine different processes four organizations use to achieve best practices. There is an apparent contradiction between projects designed to create innovation and rigid rule following used for productivity. While both contribute to best practices this study describes a third source. Employees disobeyed rules and, in some cases, the results became best practices. This study identifies three management responses to deviant employee behaviors.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses a multi-case field study design built upon organizational theory in the area of work structures. It uses qualitative methods based on grounded theory. Interviews, observations and archival data were used to triangulate findings. Four firms were selected to participate. One global and one regional accounting firm were compared and contrasted with one global and one regional manufacturing firm.FindingsThe paper provides insights about how change occurs not only from intentional innovation but also from disobeying rigid rules designed to enhance productivity. It also highlights three specific management responses to deviant behavior and the conditions under which each is selected.Research limitations/implicationsBecause of the chosen research approach, this research may not be easily generalized. Therefore, researchers are encouraged to further test the proposed conclusions. The paper expands organizational routine theory to examine how improvisation may change the structure of a formal work process.Practical implicationsThe paper includes management implications. It suggests that rigid conformance to rules may inhibit a possible source of best practice innovation and gives management potential reasons to rethink imposed constraints.Social implicationsRelationships of supervisory action to employee performance and productivity become more important when innovation and efficiency are sought in an organization. These relationships should be examined with a specific outcome in mind. There may be a choice between control and discovery that will require further consideration by management.Originality/valueMany studies look at processes, procedures and organizational routines, most assuming that what is designed is implemented. Others consider deviant behavior usually in a negative light. This paper provides insights into non-conforming actions by employees and the positive unexpected results that can occur, taking into consideration the studies that took this approach to innovation.

The nation in context: How intergroup relations shape the discursive construction of identity continuity and discontinuity.

The perceived collective continuity (PCC) of a national identity serves as a crucial source of stability and self-esteem for group members. Recent work has explored the consequences of perceived continuity when the meaning of a nation's past is seen in a negative light, and the challenges this brings for the negotiation of a positive identity in the present, signalling the potential value of perceived discontinuity The current paper extends this literature by examining the role of intergroup relations in the construction of both collective continuities and discontinuities. Through analysing the discursive management of national identity in nine focus groups in a post-conflict context (Serbia, N=67), we reveal how the tensions between continuity and discontinuity are embedded within a broader discussion of the nation's relationship with relevant national outgroups across its history. The findings contribute to theoretical knowledge on the interlinking of national identity and PCC by illustrating the ways in which intergroup relations of the past shape the extent to which continuity is seen as desirable or undesirable. We argue that despite the psychological merits of collective continuity, discontinuity can become attractive and useful when there is limited space to challenge how a nation's history is remembered and the valence given to the past. The paper concludes by offering an account of how social and political contexts can influence the nature, functions, and valence of PCC within national identities.

Legitimizing Potential “Bad News”: How Companies Disclose on Their Tension Experiences in Their Sustainability Reports

The practice of corporate sustainability is beset with compromise; it involves inevitable tensions across competing social, environmental, and economic objectives, across a wide range of divergent stakeholders and across time. The purpose of this study is to determine whether, and why, companies are reporting on tensions decisions in their sustainability reports. This study relies on a group of the largest companies in Canada and analyzes sustainability reports and interviews with sustainability managers. The study finds that 92% of all reporting companies in the sample had encountered sustainability tensions but had failed to disclose these discussions explicitly in their reports. Evidence of these accounts are nevertheless present in the implicit (or latent) content of the reports, surrounded by “legitimizing talk”—affirmations of the companies’ commitment to, and demonstration of sustainability principles. These findings highlight the negative light in which many companies perceive tensions (as “bad news”) and the potential legitimacy threat that their disclosure poses.

Low-loss hyperbolic dispersion and anisotropic plasmonic excitation in nodal-line semimetallic yttrium nitride.

Hyperbolic isofrequency of materials (referred to as hyperbolic materials) renders an unusual electromagnetic response and has potential applications, such as all-angle negative refraction, sub-diffraction imaging and nano-sensing. Compared with artificially structured hyperbolic metamaterials, natural hyperbolic materials have many obvious advantages. However, present natural hyperbolic materials are facing the limitations of narrow operating frequency intervals and high loss stemming from electron-hole excitations. Using first-principles calculations, we demonstrated that the recently-discovered nodal-line semimetallic yttrium nitride (YN) can be tuned to a type-I natural hyperbolic material with a broad frequency window from near-IR (∼1.4 μm) to the visible regime (∼769 nm) along with ultra-low energy loss, owning to the unique electronic band structure near the Fermi level. The unusual optical properties of YN, such as all-angle negative refraction and anisotropic light propagation were verified. The tunable hyperbolic dispersion can be interpreted in terms of the linear relation between critical frequency and plasma frequency. A branch of plasmon dispersion with strong anisotropy in the low-energy region was also revealed in the electron-doped YN. This work is expected to offer a promising strategy for exploring high-performance hyperbolic materials and regulating plasmon properties.

Aeschylus’ Satyr-PlayHeraldsReconstruction, Political Context, and Tetralogy

This paper attempts a reconstruction of Aeschylus’ satyr-playHeralds. As the myth of Erginus’ heralds and their mutilation by Heracles is shown to be unconvincing on many grounds, it explores the possibility that the satyrs turned up or out as ‘heralds’, i.e. ‘sacrifice attendants’, in the Eleusinian preliminary sacrifice, sought by Heracles (polluted by the slaughter of the Centaurs) before his descent to Hades. To complete this conjectural picture, the potential topicality of such a plot is emphasised in relation to thegenosof Ceryces and of Callias (II), who in the 480s was able to avoid ostracism. Moreover, a tragic trilogy is conjecturally set out as revolving around Ixion’s marriage, crime, purification, sacrilege, and around his son Pirithous (stepbrother to the Centaurs) joining the Calydonian boar hunt and thus having to do with Meleager (a figure linked, in many ways, to Heracles). As to topicality, it is suggested that the trilogy would thus cast a negative light on Thessaly. Finally, Aristophanes’Cloudsmay contain allusions to this (hypothetical) tetralogy, and the so-called Dike-fragment may belong toHeralds.

Judicial attempt at reconciliation of spouses

Existing canonical regulations emphasise the concern of the church legislator to avoid disputes among the faithful and to settle them peacefully (canon 1446 of the Code of Canon Law of John Paul II). In particular, this concern applies to reconciliation of spouses. First of all, the legislator imposes this obligation on the diocesan bishop, who is the first judge in the diocese and has ordinary, proper, and immediate power. At the beginning of a case brought before a church court, each judge should attempt to reconcile spouses through mediation or other means (e.g. conversation with a priest, meeting with an expert witness, marriage therapy, individual therapy). All pastoral measures should be applied not only before the start of a marriage annulment case, but also during the trial, if there is hope for reconciliation between the spouses. Unfortunately, church courts in Poland limit this norm to sending the defendant an inquiry about whether they intend to reconcile with their spouse and on what conditions. The spouse receives this inquiry along with the plaintiff's complaint, which in most cases, casts a negative light on them. Most claims for annulment of marriage are still brought by the plaintiff for annulment on the part of the defendant. This article aims to present the attempt to reconcile spouses in the church forum.

Value and Cultural Voice in Australian Aboriginal Textiles

Screen-printed textiles from remote Australian Aboriginal communities are a widely acclaimed and celebrated form of cultural expression. They bring substantial benefits to artists and their communities. This paper describes research that examines ways in which textiles are understood and valued in the context of their collaborative intercultural development whilst also examining “cloth” as a unique creative medium for conveying cultural narratives. Australia’s colonial past may cast subsequent intercultural collaboration in a negative light. However, this paper proposes the hypotheses that non-Indigenous collaborative contribution to textile creation does not diminish the power of this work for artists; nor does it lessen the cultural meaning and value of the ancestral stories portrayed. An additional inter-related hypothesis holds that cloth carries a cultural voice in a way that other forms of cultural production cannot. Yet the journey taken by these textiles is precarious. “Industry” can undervalue the cultural narratives and potentially expose Aboriginal screen-printed textiles to commercial misuse. A proposed qualitative research investigation will test the hypotheses, with a focus on how textiles are understood and valued by artists who create the work and by key participants along their journey.

The Role of Natural Gas in Achieving Sustainable Development Goals by 2030

Over the years, the world has been drawn to the continuous damage of the Ozone layer brought about by global warming which has created awareness of the issue of climate change. There has been the need of policymakers, industry stakeholders, and government of various countries to dialogue through finding out better ways with the aid of research and development where energy resources can be fully exploited without having to worry about the harmful effects this resource will pose to the environment. The global world led by the European Union is already phasing out from the use of fossil fuels that emanate chlorofluorocarbons being the number one contributor to greenhouse gases. That is why governments and energy firms are investing in the creation of environmentally safe technologies that require the use of natural gas and renewable energy to function. This can be in the form of solar, wind, hydro, biofuel, etc. however, natural gas unlike carbon-based fuels is a very energy-efficient source of power for industries because it emits little to zero emissions from its usage. Though it's a major contributor to methane pollution in the environment. Such a disadvantage can be handled through the introduction of sustainable techniques and technologies. However, over the years natural gas has been viewed by policymakers in a negative light because it is considered to be too expensive, political, not green enough, and not the needed solution to our environmental crisis. While leaving out the fact that its usage has helped better the air quality of various countries, whom in the past have been victims of poor air quality in their regions due to the continuous usage of carbon fuels. Through energy companies or so-called multi-million dollars Oil and Gas corporations and national energy firms, the natural gas resource can be explored, produced and marketed to acquire financial resources of which a certain percentage can be used to establish NGOs, who can partner with existing NGOs which will fund projects or initiatives to ensure the sustainable development goals come 2030 can be fully realized for the healthy, continuous existence of the environment and human race for many years to come.

Police Ambassadors: Student-Police Interactions in School and Legal Socialization

The recent influx of police officers into US public schools has reshaped the context and frequency of children's interactions with police. Yet we know little about how the presence of these officers in schools impacts the legal socialization of students, and whether youth of color might be affected or socialized in different ways than white youth. In this study, we analyze data from interviews with school police officers as well as focus group data from school staff, parents, and students that shed light on how school police interact with youth. In particular, school police officers discussed their desire to build relationships with students that instill trust in police among students. Officers discussed their efforts to teach students that police should be trusted and relied on, and that negative views of policing and involvement with the justice system are the result of a negative news media and individual citizens' criminality, respectively. Importantly, officers discussed how they devote particular attention to imparting these lessons on youth of color and others who may see police in a negative light. We consider how these outreach efforts, what we call acting as police ambassadors, might have different impacts on youth of color compared to white youth, given existing racial disparities in interactions with police.

Emotionally Intelligent Artificially Intelligent Virtual Companion

The mental health issues of loneliness and depression are two rapidly growing problems in society today. The feeling of being alone is often noted to be an ironic feeling given the almost invasive nature of social networking and mobile platforms today. There is an ever-increasing demand for solutions to help people suffering from these mental health issues. According to government statistics, India needs 13,500 psychiatrists in the country and the nation has only 3,827. Where the country desperately needs 20,250 clinical psychologists, we have only 898. There is also sadly a stigma attached to these problems as Indian society generally looks at people with these problems in a very negative light and outcasts them. AI is a fast-growing phenomenon that has captured the interest of experts from many different fields of study as a way of facilitating complex problem-solving in a way that was not previously possible. This novel solution aims to create artificial intelligence that simulates a lot of the human processes of communication such as establishing long-term relationships with the user, predicting the personality of the user using a model of Mayer’s Briggs and generating responses using Openai-gpt2. The response generation model is trained on the Persona-Chat dataset.