Negative Economic Impact Research Articles

Drill‐seeding rice reduces global warming potential but increases nitrogen loss potential compared to water‐seeding

AbstractFlooded rice (Oryza sativa L.) systems are critical for global food security but contribute significantly to anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions due to high methane (CH4) emissions from anaerobic soils. Drill‐seeding (DS) rice, which in California includes early‐season irrigation flushes to establish the rice, has been shown to reduce CH4 emissions compared to water‐seeded (WS) systems. The effect of these early‐season flushes on nitrogen (N) fertilizer losses and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions, however, is not well understood. In a 2‐year study, we quantitatively compared DS to WS systems with respect to their global warming potential (GWP) (CH4 + N2O in CO2 eq.), nitrate (NO3−) accumulation during flushes, and crop N‐uptake. Despite 0.68 kg ha−1 more N2O–N emissions in the DS system, GWP was 3700 CO2 eq. kg ha−1, a 42% reduction compared to 6340 CO2 eq. kg ha−1 in the WS system. This was due to a 46% reduction in CH4 in the DS (94.5 CH4–C kg ha−1) relative to the WS (175.7 CH4–C kg ha−1) system. Nitrate accumulation in the DS system amounted to 26.2 kg NO3–N ha−1, and subsequent N losses via denitrification likely contributed to the 22.4 kg N ha−1 less crop N‐uptake in the DS system. These results suggest that DS rice has potential for improved environmental impact via GWP reductions but will require increased N inputs. Future efforts should focus on reducing N losses, which have a negative economic impact for the farmer and contribute to N2O emissions.

Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activity of Essential Oils Against Aeromonas spp. Isolated from Rainbow Trout

Aeromonas spp. is a major pathogen in aquaculture with a great negative economic impact. Essential oils (EOs) are compounds of the secondary metabolism of plants known for their antibacterial and antibiofilm activities. In this study, in vitro antibacterial activity of eight EOs: tea tree (extracted from Melaleuca alternifolia), eucalyptus (extracted from Eucalyptus globulus LABILL.), knee timber (extracted from Pini mungo L.), peppermint (extracted from Mentha piperita L.), oregano (extracted from Origanum vulgare L.), rosemary (extracted from Rosmarinus officinalis L.), thyme (extracted from Thymus vulgaris L.) and pine EO (extracted from Pinus silvestris L.), obtained from Calendula a.s., was evaluated. Their antibacterial activity was demonstrated against Aeromonas spp. isolates. Oregano and thyme EOs showed the strongest activity against all tested isolates at low concentrations, followed by tea tree and peppermint EOs. The MIC value ranged from 0.06 µL/mL to 1.0 µL/mL. The tested EOs showed a significant antibiofilm activity against biofilm-forming isolates with MBIC50 ranging from 0.015 µL/mL to 0.25 µL/mL. All tested isolates were obtained from rainbow trout free of clinical signs of infection. Twelve isolates of Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. masoucida, four Aeromonas hydrophila, and four isolates of Aeromonas veronii were identified. The results of the in vitro study showed a significant effect of EOs against Aeromonas spp., which confirmed their potential for use in aquaculture as a prevention against bacterial diseases and a way of reducing the use of antibiotics.

PREREQUISITES FOR THE APPLICATION OF MONETARY POLICY TOOLS OF THE "NEW REALITY" IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE GEOPOLITICAL IMPACT OF MILITARY AGGRESSION IN UKRAINE

The prospects of using a new type of monetary policy instruments, which determine modern significant changes in the development of global financial, economic and social relations, caused by the geopolitical influence of military aggression in Ukraine, are studied. Not only the negative financial and economic impact on the country victim of hostilities, i.e. Ukraine, was established. Problems with inflation and debt were also identified in the G7 countries, as well as in China due to the consequences of the war in Ukraine. It was determined that the financial system of countries that have close trade and monetary transactions with developed market countries will also have a significant impact of the global crisis. The financial and economic indicators of Ukraine, the G7 countries and China for the medium term are predicted. The influence of the main financial threats on the macroeconomic stability of the country's economy in the conditions of military aggression is determined, and the main instruments of monetary policy that would allow maintaining such stability are indicated. It is noted that the use of a new type of monetary policy in modern realities, based on non-traditional instruments, will contribute to overcoming the negative impact of military aggression in all countries that experience it.

Optimizing elderly care: a data-driven AI model for predicting polypharmacy risk using SHARE data

Abstract Background Polypharmacy (PP), which rises with age, is a growing public health challenge, affecting health outcomes and escalating healthcare expenditure. Leveraging the comprehensive European coverage and longitudinality of the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) study, we aim to assess PP prevalence patterns and identify the most effective machine learning (ML) model for predicting long-term PP risk, as a foundation for a scalable predictive tool. Methods We used data from participants aged above 50 who were present in wave 6 and at least one of the subsequent three waves of the SHARE study, aiming to predict PP risk at 2, 4, and 6-year intervals. PP was defined as the concurrent use of five or more medications. We analyzed PP prevalence trends and selected the predictor variables from wave 6 using LASSO regression analysis. We evaluated eight ML models, namely, ANN, SVM, DT, RF, GB, XGBoost, LightGBM, and CatBoost, using a rigorous cross-validation strategy to ensure robustness and reliability. Results Our analysis reveals an upward trend in PP prevalence across the surveyed countries, with aggregate figures rising from 34.03% (95% CI 33.1-34.9) in wave 7 to 36.75% (95% CI 35.6-37.9) in wave 8, reaching 39.91 (95% CI 38.9-40.9) in wave 9. Additionally, using the Categorical Boosting ML model to predict PP resulted in overall accuracies of 75.08%, 73.7%, and 71.65% and recall rates of 72.83%, 70.48%, and 67.96% for the 2, 4, and 6-year intervals, respectively. Conclusions This study reveals a rising trend of PP across European countries and demonstrates the potential of using longitudinal data and ML to enhance PP prediction. The tool developed represents a step forward in risk stratification, which would be particularly beneficial in practical settings where family physicians or pharmacists could employ the tool to monitor elderly patients, predict and thus prevent PP, and reduce the negative health and economic impact associated with it. Key messages • The integration of machine learning with longitudinal data presents a significant advance in polypharmacy risk prediction. • The tool we developed highlights the potential translational impact of our findings.

What COVID-19 Vaccination Strategy Should Be Implemented and Which Vaccines Should Be Used in the Post-Pandemic Era?

COVID-19 vaccines have reduced the negative health and economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic by preventing severe disease, hospitalizations and deaths. In the new socio-economic normality, the COVID-19 vaccination strategy can be universal or high-risk and seasonal or not seasonal, and different vaccines can be used. The universal vaccination strategy can achieve greater health and herd immunity effects and is associated with greater costs than the high-risk vaccination strategy. In each country, the optimal COVID-19 vaccination strategy must be decided by considering the advantages and disadvantages and assessing the costs, health effects and cost-effectiveness of the universal and high-risk vaccination strategies. The universal vaccination strategy should be implemented when the objective of the vaccination program is to achieve the greatest health benefits from COVID-19 vaccination and when its incremental cost-effectiveness ratio is lower than EUR 30,000-50,000 per QALY or LYG. The use of adapted vaccines targeting currently circulating variants of SARS-CoV-2 is necessary to avoid the immune escape of emerging variants.

Challenges in integrating traditional Chinese medicine and gut microbiota research for insomnia treatment

The gut microbiome is an extensive variety of bacteria with a range of metabolic capabilities that can be pathogenic, beneficial, or opportunistic. Changes in the gut microbiota's composition can affect the link between gut integrity and host health as well as cause disruptions to numerous neurological systems. The second most prevalent mental health problem, insomnia has a negative social and economic impact. Currently, it is becoming increasingly obvious how crucial it is to preserve the delicate balance of gut microbiota to treat illness-related symptoms like insomnia. Although traditional Chinese medicine has proposed an effective strategy against insomnia through gut microbiota alteration in animal models, studies in human models are limited. This decreases the predictive value of the studies in terms of human outcomes. This editorial places an emphasis on cultural sensitivity rather than scientific reasoning that promotes the use of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). We aim to emphasize the concern that promoting TCM could divert resources from conventional medical research, leading to suboptimal care.

Promising Phytogenic Feed Additives Used as Anti-Mycotoxin Solutions in Animal Nutrition.

Mycotoxins are a major threat to animal and human health, as well as to the global feed supply chain. Among them, aflatoxins, fumonisins, zearalenone, T-2 toxins, deoxynivalenol, and Alternaria toxins are the most common mycotoxins found in animal feed, with genotoxic, cytotoxic, carcinogenic, and mutagenic effects that concern the animal industry. The chronic negative effects of mycotoxins on animal health and production and the negative economic impact on the livestock industry make it crucial to develop and implement solutions to mitigate mycotoxins. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of the mycotoxicosis effect in livestock animals as a result of their contaminated diet. In addition, we discuss the potential of five promising phytogenics (curcumin, silymarin, grape pomace, olive pomace, and orange peel extracts) with demonstrated positive effects on animal performance and health, to present them as potential anti-mycotoxin solutions. We describe the composition and the main promising characteristics of these bioactive compounds that can exert beneficial effects on animal health and performance, and how these phytogenic feed additives can help to alleviate mycotoxins' deleterious effects.

Measures to abate railway noise

An important environmental issue in densely populated areas, such as Germany or France, is the problem of noise. Traffic noise from cars, railway vehicles and airports located in close proximity to the city is not only annoying for residents; it also leads to serious health issues and has an enormous negative economic impact. Unlike road traffic noise, which occurs virtually everywhere, rail traffic noise is much more localized to individual transport corridors. However, depending on the type of train and the volume of trains, high levels of noise can be generated, especially along freight corridors on which most of the rail traffic is at night. One example is the Middle Rhine Valley, which is part of the European freight corridor between Rotterdam and Genoa. In many places along this corridor, the noise levels are essentially higher than those considered desirable to maintain good health. The noise caused by rail traffic is therefore the ecological Achilles heel of the railway. However, there are measures for the reduction of noise emitted by rail traffic. In a recent research project, the German Environment Agency evaluated technical, operational and legal measures to abate the railway noise.

CAUSAS DE TIMPANISMO EM BOVINO

Tympanism is a metabolic disorder and one of the main causes of increased mortality in ruminants. It is associated with the accumulation of gas produced during the physiological fermentation of the rumen, where the release of gases is impaired, leading to distension on the left side of the abdomen. This type of comorbidity is indirectly related to factors such as breed, sex, and age, but is directly linked to the rearing system. Additionally, intoxication by toxic plants, such as Baccharis coridifolia (found in Brazil) and ferns, represents an added risk for the animal, leading to death within a few hours and causing a negative economic impact. However, proper management and identification of toxic plants are essential to prevent these complications.

The Relationship of Pain Intensity, Perceived Injustice, and Pain Catastrophizing to Heart Rate Variability In Naturally Occurring Acute Pain.

Chronic pain disorders are among the most common and affect approximately 20% of the US population, leading to disproportionately high medical expenditures and negative economic impact. Behavioral factors of pain catastrophizing and perceived injustice are associated with pain intensity in chronic pain. Diminished heart rate variability (HRV) is also strongly associated with chronic pain. These factors have been less explored earlier in the pain experience and it is unclear whether they play a role in the transition from acute to chronic pain. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between pain catastrophizing, perceived injustice, pain intensity and HRV in naturally occurring acute pain. Ninety-seven subjects were recruited from local outpatient physical therapy clinics. Seated HRV was captured on ninety-four subjects via Polar chest strap while subjects were taking a survey via iPad. In addition to sociodemographic data, the survey included the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), Injustice Experience Questionnaire (IEQ), and Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS). The natural log of high frequency power (lnHFP) HRV was used in the statistical analysis. Multiple regression modeling revealed that lower pain catastrophizing, higher perceived injustice, and lower pain intensity were associated with lower HRV, and accounted for 11.4% of the variance in HRV. While greater chronic pain intensity is associated with lower HRV, the relationship is reversed in the setting of acute pain. These findings highlight the need to better understand the unique factors that contribute to lower HRV in the acute phase.

Assessing carbon capture and storage technology in industrial joint venture

Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technology can effectively reduce carbon dioxide emissions from industrial and energy production processes. Yet the commercialization of CCS technology is hampered by financial requirements. Existing research compares the costs and benefits of business models for individual CCS projects, no studies assess the industry and national levels. Here we use a dynamic computable general equilibrium model, constructure the vertical integration and joint venture business models for CCS. This study assesses the emission and economic impacts of joint ventures between China's high-emission industries and their upstream and downstream sectors. We find that adopting the joint venture model in the coal power sector, compared to the vertical integration model, initially exerts a negative economic impact but can mitigate 0.04 % of GDP by 2060. The chemical industry consistently benefits from the joint venture model both economically and in emission reductions. Downstream sectors of the steel and cement industries are unsuitable for participation in joint ventures. In addition, the joint venture model has significant industry linkage effects, affecting energy consumption, the scale and cost of CCS deployment. This work provides important information for the large-scale commercialization of CCS technology.

Economic impacts of a subway system: Exploring local contexts in a metropolitan area

With rapid urban population growth, more subway systems have been developed in metropolitan areas around the world. It is commonly presumed that the improved mobility and accessibility provided by subway systems are capitalized as a financial premium for nearby real estate assets. This study empirically explores this presumption with a case study of Gwangju, a metropolitan area in South Korea. The study site is found to have had a negative economic impact on housing prices from a subway system in the mid-2010s; however, the sign has changed over time, although the subway has experienced no actual expansion or operational changes. This indicates that the economic impact of subway systems may not necessarily become positive or remain static. We examine a wide range of local contexts to explain the sign change. Our study adopts machine learning algorithms to precisely address the nonlinearity inherent in our dataset and quantifies the importance of housing factors in the assessment of housing prices using SHapley Additive exPlanation. We also employ a series of hedonic pricing models to determine the effects of proximity to subway lines on housing prices across years. Key changes in the later 2010s, including the increased modal share of the subway system and local politics, should have resulted in the potential benefits of the to-be-extended network being widely and fully realized. Our findings contribute to understanding the mechanisms of the economic impact of evolving transportation infrastructure on housing prices.

Environmental and economic impact analysis of levying VOCs environmental protection tax in China

China is one of the largest volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitters worldwide. The emission levels of and harm caused by VOCs have attracted much attention. China has implemented multiple policies for VOCs prevention and control but lacks economic control measures for VOCs In this study, the input-output (IO) price model was used to simulate and analyze the emission reduction and economic effects resulting from the imposition of a VOCs environmental protection tax (EPT) in 31 provinces in China. The results show that, first, the collection of a VOCs-EPT can achieve not only VOCs emission reductions but also the synergistic emission reductions of other major pollutants. Second, the collection of a VOCs-EPT could have a negative impact on the macroeconomy, i.e., the greater the tax scope and the higher the tax rate are, the greater the negative economic impact. Third, differences in the level of economic development, the structure of pollution emissions and the stringency of tax policies among regions would cause the emission reduction effect and related negative economic impact to vary across regions. Finally, the collection of a VOCs-EPT could have heterogeneous impacts on various industries, as high-emission industries would suffer greater negative impacts. Therefore, each region should set tax rates that match its provincial economic and environmental development levels. Furthermore, a VOCs-EPT can be levied on key industries, and reasonable preferential tax policies can be formulated to reduce negative macroeconomic benefits.

Dynamic Line Rating for Congestion Management in Distribution Network

The growth of the demand because of the electrification of the heating system and the popularization of the use of electric vehicles added to an increase on the renewable energies generation connected to the distribution level, are responsible for an increase in the use of distribution network. This may lead to more congestions at this level that up to the date, are solved with direct switching actions which implies a negative economic impact and consequences for consumers and producers. Congestions can be solved also with market-based demand response which need the system to have flexibility to be applied effectively. On transmission network the usage of dynamic line rating (DLR) is more extended but on the distribution level, it is not common. This paper aims to show the use of DLR to provide flexibility to the distribution network, easing congestion management.

Techno-economic analysis of cleaner alternatives for recovering ammonium chloride from wastewater generated by polyvinyl chloride thermal stabilizer plants

The current conventional process for recovering NH4Cl from wastewater generated by organotin mercaptide-based polyvinyl chloride thermal stabilizer plants through evaporative crystallization is energy intensive and has not yet been discussed. Three energy-saving process variants, namely mechanical vapor recompression (MVR), double-effect evaporation (DEE), and thermal vapor recompression (TVR) processes, have been proposed and evaluated in terms of both technical and economic feasibility, treating the case as a cost-cutting project aimed to avoid off-site wastewater treatment costs. Comparative evaluation has also been carried out with the conventional (CON) process used as a reference. Under the studied conditions, the MVR, DEE, and TVR processes provided energy savings in the ranges of 60%–76%, 35%–43%, and 26%–37%, respectively, confirming that applying the three alternative processes for recovering NH4Cl results in a significantly cleaner and more sustainable recovery process. Under typical conditions and with a plant capacity of 5000 kg/h, the MVR, DEE, and TVR processes required an additional investment of 2.3, 1.0, and 0.2 million USD, respectively, compared to the CON process. The revenue was primarily driven by cost savings due to the elimination of off-site wastewater treatment, which accounted for 86.9% of the total revenue. Sensitivity analysis showed that the off-site wastewater treatment cost was found to be the most influential factor on economic feasibility. When economic targets can be traded off, MVR process is highly recommended as an alternative to the conventional energy-intensive process. If economic feasibility comparable to the conventional process is still targeted, DEE and TVR are recommended. The results of this study dismiss concerns that cleaner processes would have a negative economic impact.

Food insecurity: The resilient, but “silent poverty” perspectives of older ethnic minority individuals within UK communities

AbstractFood insecurity is acknowledged as a key social determinant of health among older adults. Despite recording significantly higher levels of poverty in comparison to white ethnic groups, older individuals from ethnic minorities are under‐represented as recipients of food aid. Thus, there are knowledge gaps in our understanding of older people and their experiences of food insecurity within ethnic minority communities. Through the theoretical lens of Individual and Community Resilience, we empirically advance our understanding of food security and resilience within South Asian communities via in‐depth interviews with community stakeholders and older individuals from Bangladeshi and Pakistani communities across the Greater Manchester region. Our findings reveal that the integration of temporal, environmental and social constructs within a resilience framework reveals significant potential for further negative social, cultural and economic impact on older ethnic minorities in the future, especially as current food support services do not appear to cater for ethnic dietary preferences, language accessibility and/or cultural norms regarding asking for help/charity outside the home. We predict therefore, in combination with the identified persistent stressors, that food insecurity issues within older ethnic minority communities are likely to get much worse, resulting in the need for extensive resilient capacities to cope with future cost‐of‐living challenges. In acknowledging previous limitations within previous resilience frameworks, we propose an incremental contribution to theory and conclude by identifying culturally and operationally appropriate food support system approaches, which can be used to address the increasing prevalence of “silent poverty” within ethnic minority communities.

Effect of eco-friendly pervious concrete pavement with travertine waste and sand on the heavy metal removal and runoff reduction performance

To address the negative environmental and economic impact of the large amounts of solid waste generated during travertine mining and to reduce the dependence on natural aggregates and cement for pervious concrete pavement applications, travertine waste, as aggregate and powder, was used for the travertine powder pervious concrete (TPPC) to improve the utilization of solid waste and decrease CO2 emissions. The experimental results showed that using 25% travertine aggregate and 5% powder results in a compressive strength reduction of only 9.8% to 25.92 MPa but a significant improvement in water permeability of 57.1% from 3.89 to 6.11 mm/s. To improve the performance of TPPC, further research was done on the effect of sand addition rate (SAR) on TPPC's density, compressive strength, porosity, water permeability, freeze-thaw resistance and heavy metal removal capacity to obtain an optimal incorporation ratio. As SAR rises, the compressive strength of TPPC with sand (STPC) initially increases and then decreases, while permeability behaves inversely. At 3% SAR, the compressive strength reached a maximum of 26.51 MPa, primarily due to the sand added to fill in some of the pores and stabilize the gradation. After 25 cycles, the strength loss rate of STPC varies from 11.39 to 17.93% and the freeze-thaw resistance is most excellent when SAR is 3%. The removal rate of heavy metals using the immersion method was found to be significantly higher (83.4–100%) compared to the rapid method (11.7–28.1%). Therefore, the 3% SAR was recommended for the mixture design of STPC. A laboratory-scale version of the pavement was constructed to assess the efficacy of STPC pavement (STPCP) in reducing runoff and removing heavy metals. The results showed that STPCP could remove more than 94% of runoff with varying intensities after 1 h. The STPCP exhibited removal rates ranging from 42.0 to 99.4% for Cd2+ and 79.5–95.4% for Cu2+. STPCP also attained a removal rate above 98% for Pb2+ after 30 min, demonstrating its environmental friendliness.

Estimation of potential social support requirement for tuberculosis patients in India.

Providing social support to tuberculosis (TB) patients is a recommended strategy as households having TB patients find themselves in a spiral of poverty because of high cost, huge income loss and several other economic consequences associated with TB treatment. However, there are few examples of social support globally. The Indian government introduced the 'Nikshay Poshan Yojana' scheme in 2018 to provide nutritional support for all registered TB patients. A financial incentive of 500 Indian Rupee (6 United States Dollars) per month was proposed to be transferred directly to the registered beneficiaries' validated bank accounts. We examined the reach, timing, amount of benefit receipt and the extent to which the benefit alleviated catastrophic costs (used as a proxy to measure the impact on permanent economic welfare as catastrophic cost is the level of cost that is likely to result in a permanent negative economic impact on households) by interviewing 1482 adult drug-susceptible TB patients from 16 districts of four states during 2019 to 2023, using the methods recommended by the World Health Organization for estimating household costs of TB nationally. We also estimated the potential amount of social support required to achieve a zero catastrophic cost target. At the end of treatment, 31-54% of study participants received the benefit. In all, 34-60% of TB patients experienced catastrophic costs using different estimation methods and the benefit helped 2% of study participants to remain below the catastrophic cost threshold. A uniform benefit amount of Indian Rupee 10 000 (127 United States Dollars) for 6 months of treatment could reduce the incidence of catastrophic costs by 43%. To improve the economic welfare of TB patients, levels of benefit need to be substantially increased, which will have considerable budgetary impact on the TB programme. Hence, a targeted rather than universal approach may be considered. To maximize impact, at least half of the revised amount should be given immediately after treatment registration.

The role of economic factors in shaping and constituting the household burden of neglected tropical diseases of the skin: Qualitative findings from Ghana and Ethiopia

Tracers of health system equity, neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) disproportionately affect marginalized populations. NTDs that manifest on the skin – “skin NTDs” – are associated with scarring, disfigurement, physical disability, social exclusion, psychological distress, and economic hardship. To support development and evaluation of appropriate intervention strategies, we aimed to improve understanding of the role of economic factors in shaping and constituting the burden that skin NTDs place on households. We collected data in 2021 in two predominantly rural districts: Atwima Mponua in Ghana (where Buruli ulcer, yaws, and leprosy are endemic) and Kalu in Ethiopia (where cutaneous leishmaniasis and leprosy are endemic). We conducted interviews (n = 50) and focus group discussions (n = 14) that explored economic themes with affected individuals, caregivers, and community members and analysed the data thematically using a pre-defined framework. We found remarkable commonalities across countries and diseases. We developed a conceptual framework which illustrates skin NTDs' negative economic impact, including financial costs of care-seeking and reductions in work and schooling; categorises coping strategies by their degree of risk-pooling; and clarifies the mechanisms through which skin NTDs disproportionately affect the poorest. Despite health insurance schemes in both countries, wide-ranging, often harmful coping strategies were reported. Traditional healers were often described as more accessible, affordable and offering more flexible payment terms than formal health services, except for Ethiopia's well-established leprosy programme. Our findings are important in informing strategies to mitigate the skin NTD burden and identifying key drivers of household costs to measure in future evaluations. To reduce skin NTDs' impact on households' physical, mental, and economic wellbeing, intervention strategies should address economic constraints to prompt and effective care-seeking. While financial support and incentives for referrals and promotion of insurance enrolment may mitigate some constraints, structural interventions that decentralise care may offer more equitable and sustainable access to skin NTD care.

Analysis of the supply of the agricultural sector in Ecuador during the COVID-19 pandemic, 2018-2021

The purpose of this research is the economic estimate that was presented in the supply of the agricultural sector due to COVID-19. The agri-food chains maintained their activities since their products are of great importance. Benefits were estimated for the farmer, since the prices of inputs and agrochemical products decreased considerably, reducing production costs, during the period from January 2018 to April 2021, through the application of a Linear Regression Model with polynomial trend. Finally, the study has an approach based on the supply performance of the agricultural sector during the period of confinement caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, and at the same time recognize the positive or negative economic impact that the production and marketing of the sector has achieved in recent times.