Neem Oil Biodiesel Research Articles

Experimental analysis of hemispherical combustion geometry of diesel engine (neem oil) biodiesel with nano additives

Experimental analysis of hemispherical combustion geometry of diesel engine (neem oil) biodiesel with nano additives

Effect of neem oil biodiesel on the surface and structural integrity of carbon steel alloy: Chromatographic, spectroscopic, and morphological investigations

This study explores the impacts of neem oil biodiesel (BD), which was produced and characterized using GC–MS, FTIR, and UV–Vis spectroscopic techniques to elucidate pure and corrosion-product neem oil BD at room temperature (25 °C) and different immersion durations of 0, 28, 42, and 56 days. The OM and SEM were also employed to study the surface, structural integrity, and interphase interaction between the BD and the carbon steel (C1020) before and after immersion for different durations. The dominant fatty acid (FA) group in both pure and corrosion-product neem oil BD was C18, with a total composition of 72.3 %, hence determining the nature of the BD interaction with the carbon steel. The study revealed that carbon steel (C1020) was susceptible to attacks by neem oil BD, and the duration of immersion had substantial influence on the surface morphology and structural integrity of the steel. It is therefore anticipated that this study will significantly advance the field of alternative fuel research.

PRODUCTION OF NEEM AND YELLOW OLEANDER SEED OIL BIODIESEL BLENDS AND EVALUATION OF THEIR PERFORMANCES IN A COMPRESSION IGNITION ENGINE

In this study Neem and Yellow oleander biodiesels were blended in some given proportions and characterized. An F165 diesel engine was ran with each blend and its performance parameters evaluated and compared to those obtained when the engine ran on Automotive Gas Oil (AGO). The produced neem oil biodiesel (NOB) and yellow Oleander biodiesel (YOB) were blended together in a percentage ratio of 20:80, 40:60, 60:40 and 50:50 percentages for Neem and Yellow oleander biodiesels respectively. Results show that brake power of the blends is close to that of AGO at lower torques but developed higher power at higher torques (2.69 kWh at 10Nm for N10Y40 and 2.68 kWh for AGO). The blends exhibited close comparison with the AGO in thermal efficiency. The results of the study show a diesel engine perform well with pure biodiesel blends as fuels as it does with fossil AGO, thus new biofuel was produced capable of replacing conventional diesel fuel in the transportation industry.

Comparative evaluation of corrosion behaviour of carbon steel (C1020) in different biodiesels: Synthesis, characterization and electrochemical investigations

The environmental concerns and government regulations have led to a surge in preparation of biodiesels as one of the main components for renewable and alternative fuels from cost effective biowastes. The degradation of biodiesel during storage produces organic acids that could lead to the corrosion of component parts of the engine thus it is imperative to define the rate of corrosivity of this golden alternative before its application. The current study utilizes electrochemical methods (OCP, EIS and PDP) in addition to advanced techniques such as SEM, UV–vis and FTIR to investigate the comparative corrosion behaviour of three biodiesels namely; jatropha oil biodiesel (JOB), neem oil biodiesel (NOB) and waste cooking oil biodiesel (WCOB) on carbon steel. The surface morphology of the post corrosion steel samples as characterized by SEM revealed differences in surface damage due to corrosion in the various systems. The study further inferred that the investigated biodiesel requires specific carbon steel component type for compatibility and effectiveness in fuel delivery and storage systems of automobile engines which were evident by the different corrosion degradation rates (103, 74 and 51 mpy) for JOB, NOB and WCOB respectively. The overall results showed differential corrosion rates of the order JOB > NOB > WCOB on carbon steel under similar experimental conditions.

Optimization of port injection of n‐decanol in a PCCI engine using response surface methodology

AbstractThis work aims to define the optimum n‐decanol fraction in the inlet port and the corresponding engine load for the better emissions and performance characteristics of a partially premixed charged compression ignition (PCCI) engine by response surface methodology (RSM). The numerical model based on multi‐linear regression was established using experimental data. For this, the influence of various proportions of n‐decanol through intake port including 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% were experimentally investigated besides the primary injection of neem oil biodiesel in the volumetric ratio of 80% diesel and 20% neem biodiesel, namely NB20. The optimization using RSM is exploited to capitalize the brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and diminish the emissions including oxides of nitrogen (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO) emission, smoke opacity, and hydrocarbon (HC) emission. The n‐decanol fraction in the port injection of 31.43% and the engine load in terms of brake power of 2.950 kW were found to be optimum parameters with the maximum desirability of 0.752. The optimal responses for brake‐specific fuel consumption (BSFC), BTE, CO, HC, smoke, and NOx under these operating conditions were found to be 0.305 kg/kWh, 28.8%, 0.145%, 19.61%, 54.85 ppm, and 837.7 ppm, respectively. Likewise, the correlation coefficient R2 values for BSFC, BTE, CO, HC, smoke and NOx have been found to be 99.85%, 99.95%, 93.58%, 90.32%, 99.97%, and 99.93%, respectively. According to the study's findings, the RSM is a realistic method for calculating and enhancing a diesel engine's emission and performance values operating in PCCI mode and using n‐decanol and NB20 as fuels.

Experimental investigation on performance, emission and combustion characteristics of neem oil bio diesel using ethanol blend

Experimental investigation on performance, emission and combustion characteristics of neem oil bio diesel using ethanol blend

Experimental investigation on performance and emissions of a VCR engine fuelled by biodiesel/diesel blends

As the global market for fuel increased exponentially, there was a dramatic decline of fossil fuels which led to an extensive discovery of biodiesel as an alternate fuel for diesel engines. The current research investigates the influence of neem oil biodiesel-diesel blends on the performance and emission characteristics of a variable compression ratio (VCR) engine. The experiments were conducted with B5, B10, B15, B20 and B25 blends of neem oil biodiesel in a VCR engine at a constant speed of 1500 rpm, varying the load and at compression ratios (CRs) of 16:1,17:1 and 18:1. The impact of increasing the CRs on the performance and emissions of neem oil biodiesel blends has been thoroughly investigated in this study. The BTE, SFC and EGT improved with increase in CR. The fuel samples were evaluated and compared to conventional diesel, which had great improvement in emission characteristics. The outcomes of this study show that neem oil biodiesel blends may be utilized as a diesel alternative in diesel engines without requiring any engine changes. CR 18:1 may be justified as the best optimal CR for any fuel.

Study the suitability of neem seed oil for formulation of eco-friendly oil based drilling fluid

The present work intended to develop an invert emulsion drilling mud from biodegradable neem seed oil as an alternative to conventional diesel-based drilling mud. This would present comparable properties and performances with API standard requirements, ecologically friendly and at a low cost. Biodiesel produced from non-edible neem oil was used as the continuous phase in an invert emulsion-based drilling mud. Different tests to investigate the applicability of the mud for drilling applications were conducted. The rheological and lubricity tests results indicate that the neem oil biodiesel-based drilling muds are comparable with conventional diesel-based drilling muds. The produced biodiesel shows a significantly better flash point of 168 °C than the traditional diesel flash point of 70 °C; indicating better fire safety than the conventional diesel. The lubricity and rheological data indicate the formulated mud with neem seed oil biodiesel fair reasonably well with conventional diesel and within the API requirements. In general, the preliminary results show that neem oil biodiesel is a potential alternative to conventional organic oil in formulating oil-based drilling mud in terms of technical and environmental analysis.

A Study on Karanja, Jatropa and Neem oil Biodiesel Blends used in Diesel Engine

Abstract Fossil fuels applications are linked with current widely held environmental issues. The use of renewable biofuel as a source of energy is a substitute for fuel resources which are declining and creating environmental issues. Excessive use and depletion of fossil fuel creates a research interest in the field of alternative fuel technologies. In this study Karanjan oil, Neem oil and Jatropa oil are used for making the blend. Different blends are used with diesel in a four stroke engine. The blend of all this oils is used to compare the efficiency of engine and other parameters. For comparing all this results, Diesel RK software is used. This software gives the result of all the parameters in the form of graphs. Jatropa oil blend shows the better results in comparison with all others. It shows maximum value in piston engine power, brake torque and its mechanical efficiency increases with Jatropa oil. Emission of gases like CO 2 , sulphur is also lesser in comparison with others. So, based on the results, among all the blends, Jatropa oil can be used as alternative without any modification in the engine. Keywords: Fossil fuels, Diesel RK, Biodiesel, Karanja oil, Engine performance Cite this Article Shubham Dabhere, Rajeev Chauhan. A Study on Karanja, Jatropa and Neem oil Biodiesel Blends used in Diesel Engine. Journal of Thermal Engineering and Applications . 2020; 7(2): 1–7p.

Experimental Analysis on Performance and Emission Characteristics of C.I. Engine Fueled by Neem Oil Biodiesel with Additive

In this present work, experiments were conducted on a VCR Diesel engine with diesel, Neem oil biodiesel and Di-ethyl ether mixed with neem oil biodiesel. The performance and emission characteristics were evaluated and compared. The study shown that the Brake thermal efficiency increased and the brake specific fuel consumption reduced with B10 blend of neem oil biodiesel compared to diesel. The emissions of CO, CO2 were reduced but HC and smoke were increased with the use of biodiesel than diesel. The addition of Diethyl Ether (DEE) further improved the performance and decreased the emissions of CO and CO2 of the engine at B20DEE20 blend compared to other blends of biodiesel and diesel.

Performance, combustion and emission characteristics of a single cylinder CI engine running on diesel-biodiesel-water emulsion with additive

ABSTRACT The various researches on biodiesel and its blends as a fuel in a CI engine resulted in higher NOx emissions compared to diesel operation. The main objective of this study is to overcome the negative aspect of significant NOx emission than HC and CO emissions in the biodiesel blended fuel by the addition of water. The water emulsion has been used in diesel engine combustion for a long time showed encouraging results, but the point of efficiency and NOx trade-off, which is a highly challenging task for diesel engines. The objective of this study was achieved through the new blend consists of diesel- biodiesel blend (80:20 by volume), water (5% by volume), span-80 surfactant (1% by volume) and Cetane enhancing additive of Di-tertiary butyl peroxide (0.5% by volume). The chosen blend was tried in this study is unexplored. The new blend is designated as B3. Neem oil biodiesel was prepared through transesterification process. This study is to investigate the performance and emission characteristics of a single-cylinder diesel engine running on B3 fuel. The results of B3 fuel were compared with diesel (D), diesel-biodiesel blend (B1) and diesel-biodiesel with water emulsion through surfactant (B2). The conclusion reveals that B3 fuel has shown better performance intern of 17% decrease in specific energy consumption and reduction in HC and CO emissions especially NOx emission was reduced up to 29% and 45% than diesel fuel and B1 fuel respectively.

Effect of engine variables on combustion characteristics of a dual fuel engine powered by neem oil methyl ester and producer gas

In this research work, experiments were conducted on a diesel engine powered with dual fuel using neem oil methyl ester, biodiesel and producer gas (PG). A diesel engine was operated with varied compression ratios (CRs) (15, 16, 17 and 17.5), injection timing IT 19–31°bTDC, injection pressure from 200 to 260 bar in steps of 10 bar and nozzle geometries (3, 4, 5 and 6 hole). Different piston bowl geometries, namely lateral swirl combustion chamber, dual swirl combustion chamber and lateral and dual swirl combustion chambers (LDSCC) are investigated for optimum performance with lower emission levels. Results of investigations showed that LDSCC with a CR of 17.5, 240 bar injection pressure, 6-hole, 0.2 mm diameter nozzle and advanced IT of 27°bTDC resulted in amplified thermal efficiency with 10.22% reduced emission levels. Significant variations in ignition delay, combustion duration and peak pressure were also noted.

Influence of Rice Husk Nanoparticles on Engine Performance and Emission Characteristics of Diesel and Neem Oil Biodiesel Blends in a Single Cylinder Diesel Engine

ABSTRACT Nanofuel refers to the fuel that contains nanoparticles at very low concentrations. The addition of metallic nanoparticles had proven their effectiveness in improving the engine performance and reducing emissions of diesel/biodiesel blends fueled engines. However, the emission of these metallic nanoparticles themselves through exhaust gases to the atmosphere may cause adverse health hazards. The addition of organic nanoparticles on biodiesel is relatively a new concept, which has the potential of overcoming the toxic effects of metallic nanoparticles while imparting the benefits of using nanoparticles. In this research work, the effects of rice husk nanoparticles on engine performance and emission characteristics of diesel and neem oil biodiesel were investigated. Three base fuels (diesel, B10, and B20) and three nanoparticles added fuels (diesel+NP, B10+ NP, and B20+ NP) were prepared. Engine test was carried out in a 3.5 kW single-cylinder diesel engine. BTE, BSFC, and emissions of CO, HC, and NOx were determined for five different brake powers (no-load, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%). From the results, it was observed that the addition of rice husk nanoparticles increased BTE, reduced BSFC and reduced the emissions of CO, HC, and NOx, as compared to the corresponding base fuels. Therefore, the use of rice husk nanoparticles could be an efficient way of improving the engine performance and emission characteristics with diesel as well as biodiesel blends.

Emission study of a diesel engine fueled with higher alcohol-biodiesel blended fuels

ABSTRACT This work examines the effect of butanol (higher alcohol) on the emission pattern of neat neem oil biodiesel (NBD100) fueled diesel engine. Single-cylinder, 4-stroke, research diesel engine was employed to conduct the trial. Blends comprising the mixture of biodiesel and higher alcohol were prepared by employing an ultrasonic agitator. Four test fuels such as neat neem oil biodiesel, diesel, and two blends of higher alcohol/neem oil biodiesel: 10% and 20% (by volume). Experimental result showed that increasing alcohol content to biodiesel brought down the various emissions such as Smoke, NOx, HC, and CO by 6.8%, 10.4%, 8.6%, and 5.9%, respectively, at all loads. It was also concluded from the trail that a 20% higher alcohol/neem oil biodiesel blends show the promising signs in reducing all the emissions associated with biodiesel fuelled diesel engine.

THE EFFECT OF MIXING ON THE PRODUCTION OF BIODIESEL FROM NEEM SEED OIL USING METHANOL AND HOMOGENEOUS CATALYST

Biodiesel was prepared through alkali-catalysed transesterification of neem seed oil using sodium hydroxide as catalyst and ethanol. This process of was carried out firstly throuch eserification and then via transesterification. The process was carried out by varying stirring speed (350, 450, 550, 650, 750 and 850 rpm.) and keeping other variables constant (temperature of 60oC, catalyst concentration of 1w/w% and 6:1 oil to ethanol molar ratio). In this research work, a yield of 93w/w% was achieved at the stirring speed of 850 rpm. It was observed that the viscosity (3.73mm2/s at 400C) of neem oil methylester generated was within the limit (2-6mm2/s) specified by the American Society for Testing and Materials Standards. The density of neem biodiesel at ambient temperature (250C) was found to be 0.85g/ml, which is exactly close to the density of diesel (0.83g/ml). The Flash Point of the neem oil biodiesel produced was 153.60C which above the ASTM D6751 minimum standards for biodiesel fuel of 130oC. Furthermore, Neem oil biodiesel has a pour point of -40C and a cloud point of 20C. These values clearly indicate that the use of neem oil methyl esters in colder regions is limited. However, this value is also indicative of the high potential of this fuel as biodiesel particularly in Northern Nigeria where temperature is always above 20oC, a temperature at which the oil is fluid.

Emission characteristics on single cylinder diesel engine using biofuels

ABSTRACT The aim of the present research is to investigate the emission characterics of the engine using neem oil methyl ester (N100) with higher alcohol. The N100 is mixed with pentanol by varying the percentage from 10 to 20. The emission parameter such as hydrocarbon(HC), nitrox oxide(NOx) and carbon monoxide(CO) was measured at various load conditions using the gas analyzer. Nitrox oxide and CO content increase with increasing the load but HC content decreases up to half load conditions and then it decreases with increasing load. By doping 20% of pentanol to neem oil biodiesel shows 2.3 and 4.2% reduction in HC and CO than neat biodiesel at all loads respectively. In addition, by doping 20% of pentanol to neem oil biodiesel shows 3.3 and 4.7% reduction in smoke and NOX emissions than neat biodiesel at all loads respectively. Further, the operation of the engine is smooth and no visible damage in engine parts were noticed.

Study on the outcome of a cetane improver on the emission characteristics of a diesel engine

ABSTRACTDimethyl carbonate (DMC), a cetane improver, is used as a fuel additive to investigate the exhaust emission in diesel engine. Neem oil biodiesel (B100), neem oil biodiesel + dimethyl carbonate (B100+DMC) and diesel were used as test fuels. DMC is added 0.5% by volume to biodiesel. This research work was executed in a four-stroke, single-cylinder diesel engine. Owing to the percentage of DMC in biodiesel, carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbon (HC) emissions were dropped corresponding to diesel. A considerable amount of nitrogen oxide (NOx) is decreased when diesel is used, and by the addition of B100+DMC, NOx were slightly reduced compared to B100.

Influence of nano-additive on performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine running on neat neem oil biodiesel

This work investigates the experimental study to examine the operation characteristics of a neat neem oil methyl ester (BD100) along with silver oxide nano-particles as a metal-based additive in various mass fractions. Silver oxide nano-particle is mixed into 100% of BD100 at 5 and 10ppm. The experimental investigation on diesel engine reveals that the addition of silver oxide nano-particles to BD100 resulted in enhancement of brake thermal efficiency (BTE) with a reduction in brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC). The tested emission parameters such as CO, HC, NOx, and smoke were decreased by 12.22, 10.89, 4.24, and 6.61% for BD100+ Ag2O (5ppm) and 16.47, 14.21, 6.66, and 8.34% for BD100 respectively when compared to BD100. Overall, improvement in ignition characteristics of the engine was finer by adding 5 and 10ppm of silver oxide nano-particle to BD100 on account of the enhanced surface area to volume ratio.

Emission and combustion profile study of unmodified research engine propelled with neat biofuels.

The current work focuses on the experimental investigation to analyze the combustion and emission characteristics of a direct injection diesel engine fueled with neat biodiesel (BD100) and different proportions of cyclohexanol blends as a fuel additive in various volume fractions. Cyclohexanol is dispersed into a neat biodiesel in a volume fraction of 10, 20, and 30vol%. The biodiesel is produced from neem oil by the conventional transesterification process. The experimental results revealed that with the increased cyclohexanol fraction, the combustion was found smooth. The addition of cyclohexanol has a positive influence on various physical and chemical properties of neat biodiesel. The in-cylinder pressure is comparatively low for diesel followed by cyclohexanol and biodiesel blends when compared with neat biodiesel. This is due to shorter ignition delay period. The heat-release rate of neat biodiesel is the highest among all fuels. The overall HC emission of BD70COH30 is 12.19% lower than BD100 and 16.34% lower than diesel. The overall CO2 emission of BD70COH30 is 13.91% higher than BD100 and 19.5% higher than diesel. The overall NOx emission of BD70COH30 is 5.31% lower than BD100 at all load engine operations. The presence of 10, 20, and 30% of cyclohexanol in biodiesel decreased smoke emissions as compared with neat biodiesel and diesel. The overall smoke emission of BD70COH30 is 19.23% lower than BD100 and 25.51% lower than diesel. The overall CO emission of cyclohexanol blended with biodiesel by 30vol% (BD70COH30) is 17% lower than neat biodiesel and 21.8% lower than diesel. Based on the outcome of this study, neem oil biodiesel and cyclohexanol blends can be employed as a potential alternative fuel for existing unmodified diesel engines owing to its lesser emission characteristics.

Evaluation of Neem oil biodiesel with 2-Ethyl Hexyl Nitrate 2-EHN as Cetane Improver on Performance and Emission characteristics of a DI Diesel Engine

Evaluation of Neem oil biodiesel with 2-Ethyl Hexyl Nitrate 2-EHN as Cetane Improver on Performance and Emission characteristics of a DI Diesel Engine