Consumer Need Research Articles

기업가 정신에 대한 교육 수요자의 인식 및 욕구 : 대학생 대상의 탐색적 연구

기업가 정신에 대한 교육 수요자의 인식 및 욕구 : 대학생 대상의 탐색적 연구

Brand Alignment Targeting against the Needs of Gen-Z Consumers to Improve Brand Identity and Brand Advocacy

The phenomenon of online transportation in Indonesia has indeed been rampant for the last ten years due to increasingly sophisticated technological developments. The presence of PT Gojek Indonesia as a startup engaged in the field of online transportation has received a positive response from Gen-Z circles. This can be seen from the several services that PT Gojek Indonesia continues to develop so that in the end, there are 22 on-demand services that users can enjoy. This study aims to determine the indicators of Gen-Z consumer needs preferences in measuring brand alignment and how PT Gojek Indonesia will carry out the strategy to create the brand identity and brand advocacy for Gen-Z. The quantitative method used in this research uses the Partial Least Square Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM) analysis technique. The critical finding of this study is that three exogenous variables (Brand Alignment, Brand Identity, and Brand Advocacy) positively and significantly affect consumer needs. However, this study has yet to explore consumer needs by adopting a comprehensive theory. Therefore, future research on brand alignment, identity, and advocacy, should discuss in more detail the sides of consumer needs by taking into account relevant theories, such as Maslow’s theory of markets and consumer behavior.

Hybrid method for accurate starch estimation in adulterated turmeric using Vis-NIR spectroscopy

Turmeric is widely used as a health supplement and foodstuff in South East Asian countries because of its medicinal benefits. Like several other plants and peppers, turmeric is prone to exploitation because of its economic value, rising consumer need, and essential food element that adds colour and flavour. Due to this, quick and comprehensive testing processes are needed to detect adulterants in turmeric. In this study, pure turmeric powders were mixed with starch in proportions ranging from 0 to 50% with a 1% variation to obtain different combinations. Reflectance spectra of pure turmeric and starch mixed samples were recorded using a JASCO-V770 spectrometer from 400 to 2050 nm. The recorded spectra were pre-processed using a Multiplicative Scatter Correction (MSC) and Standard Normal Variate (SNV). The Savitzky-Golay (SG) filter was initially applied to these original (X), MSC, and SNV-corrected spectra. Secondly, the Extra Tree Regressor (ETR) feature selection method was employed to select the best features. Finally, principal component analysis (PCA) was used to reduce the dimension of the selected features. The stacked generalization method was applied to improve the performance of this work. Both regressors and classifier stacking techniques have been tested with different classification and regression methods. The K-Nearest Neighbours (KNN), Decision Tree (DT), and Random Forest (RF) models were used as base learners, and Logistic Regression (LRC) was used as a meta-model for classification and Linear Regression (LR) for regression analysis. The proposed method achieved the best regression performance with r 2 of 0.999, Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 0.206, Ratio of Performance to Deviation (RPD) of 73.73, and Range Error Ratio (RER) of 480.58, whereas 100% F1 score and Matthew’s Correlation Coefficient (MCC) classification performance.

Physical or digital media: the mediating role of psychological ownership

PurposeAccess to media is more available now than ever before, both physically and digitally. This study was used to investigate the underlying personality traits that influence the decision to purchase either physical or digital books, and extend theory on access to art and provide a unique lens through which marketers can sell digital media.Design/methodology/approachStudy 1 is a field study in which data were collected from several comic book readers and collectors to look at the role that psychological ownership plays in influencing the likelihood of buying physical or digital comics. Specifically, study 1 includes consumers' need for uniqueness and tech savviness as potential influencers. Study 2 extends the findings of study into a new context and manipulates, rather than measures, the identity of the participants. Study 2 looks at the effects of turning a digital object into a non-fungible token (NFT).FindingsThis paper demonstrates that consumers who have a high consumer need for uniqueness (CNFU) are more likely to prefer physical media to digital media. Further, it is shown that preference for physical media leads, on average, to more purchases and that the consumer's psychological ownership mediates the effects of CNFU. In addition, this paper shows that higher degrees of tech savviness led to a preference for digital media. Finally, this paper shows that when consumers identify with a collector identity, turning a digital item into an NFT increases their preference for that object.Originality/valueThis work builds off recent research into physical and digital media and is one of the first to examine the specific personality types that prefer each.

Consumers’ Preferences for Egg Attributes with Tendency Purchase Organic Eggs and Willingness to Pay for the Preferences within Central Region and Southern Region of Malaysia

Purpose: Egg is one of the few foods consists of complete high quality protein source and as a main protein source in Malaysia. Organic eggs industry is an underdeveloped niche market in Malaysia but exponential grow industry in develop countries. The objectives of the study are examined consumers’ preferences toward egg attributes and tendency of consumers choose organic eggs with willingness to pay for the attributes within Central Region and Southern Region of Malaysia. Theoretical framework: Based on previous study, Lancaster’s theory argue that consumers derive utility not from good directly but from the attributes of the good that satisfy consumer need and wants (Lancaster, 1971). TRA explained the relationship between attitudes and subjective norm that influenced human intention and behavior and this theory is used to predict human reaction towards a subject based on the attitudes and behavioral intentions (Fishbein & Ajzen, 1975). TPB is differ from TRA where it has additional of perceived behavioral control, where together with the attitudes and subjective norm, shaped both intention and behaviors (Ajzen, 1991). Design/Methodology/Approach: The target population of this study will focus on consumer adults with the age more than 18 years old and purchase eggs within 3 months. The location of respondents will be within Central Region and Southern Region of Malaysia. The consumers 18 years old above with purchase eggs within 3 months, will be include in the sampling frame from the target population. Any adults not consume eggs within 3 months will exclude in the study. A simple random sampling technique stemmed from probability sampling technique was used to select the respondents (Ajina, 2019), where questionnaires were sent out to all the end-users in the list of sampling frame and all responses will be recorded accordingly. The obtained surveys had gone through a vetting process after the actual data collection. Incomplete questionnaires having a response rate of more than 15% will be deleted from the data set because they compromise the results' reliability and validity. The respondents not purchase any eggs within 3 months will exclude in the conjoint analysis. Findings: Total 156 respondents and 149 respondents were purchasing egg within 3 months selected as sample for conjoint analysis. The results of conjoint analysis indicated price is the most important attribute for consumer preferences follow by size, production type, color and packaging. The best combination of egg attribute with highest total utilities value is RM 0.4/egg, size A, brown color, 10 eggs per pack and organic production type with total utility value 7.477 and WTP RM0.51/egg. The result indicates tendency of consumer toward organic egg and higher than other production type. This is the first study in Malaysia showed positive preference of consumers toward organic eggs with positive WTP RM 0.11/egg for attribute organic egg alone. Research, practical & social implications: The finding of relative importance attributes for this study is different from the study by (Hanis, Nasir, Jinap, Alias, & Karim, 2013) where size is the most important attribute follow by size of packaging, color and functional of egg without consider production type and price. This study allows producers have clear picture and direction to produce eggs with low price, bigger brown eggs, organic or conventional with nutrient enrichment and low size of packaging to fulfil consumers’ need and want. Originality/Value: This study is the first finding showed positive tendency of consumers in Malaysia toward organic eggs and more important than other type of production system. In term of Willing to Pay (WTP), consumer WTP for some of the attribute like size A, size B, organic, conventional with nutrient enrichment and brown eggs. The finding gives a clear picture to industry player to strategy planning the products according to consumers’ preferences and fulfil their need and want.

Server Based Load Analysis of Smart Meter System

The electricity demand is adding with the growth of population and with the use of different appliances in the homes. So, there's a need for consumers to track their diurnal operation and understand the consumption patterns to save and control these coffers. Smart cadence along with Advanced Metering structure( AMI) is a realistic and effective result for this. before procedure which put to profitable use of one- way dispatches to gather cadence data, were mentioned to as Automated Meter Reading( AMR) Systems. This design aims at analyzing the performance of the proposed smart cadence systems, effective transmission and how serviceability explore new developments for the benefit of consumers as well as themselves by ever covering energy consumption. This is achieved by using PLC modems for remote monitoring and control of energy measures. By this way we can bring down mortal sweats demanded to outline cadence readings which are till now recorded by visiting every home collectively. As a result, the consumption patterns at the serviceability are studies and cargo analysis is made so that this can help in maintaining other systems associated with energy operation. To study and dissect the cargo consumption patterns. By this way an estimate on the energy consumption can be made and therefore have a control on its operation. Key Words: Smart Meter; Smart Grid; Advanced Metering Infrastructure(AMI); Information Rights Management(IRM); Power line communication(PLC); Arduino UNO;Energy consumption.

PICK AND DELIVERY SYSTEM USING ANDROID MOBILE APPLICATION

All people need to transport goods or send and receive packages across different locations in Nigeria is growing, with consumers need. The methods of transporting goods and different companies that handle this transportation have sprung up over the years, but only a small number of these cut across the entire country while still providing an efficient solution. This research presents an innovative solution that simplifies logistics processes for both the consumer and the service provider, from the point of request to the end of delivery, while also addressing other issues involving delivery speed and reliability. The findings of this study show massive agreement with theoretical predictions and a significant improvement over previous research efforts. The work implications for future studies involving delivery system optimization and may help solve all problems involving the entire delivery process system in Nigeria and beyond.

Korean Restaurants’ Consumer Needs Based on Marketing Mix Through the Kano Model

A proliferation of Korean restaurants in Yogyakarta can be seen over the past few years, each with its unique concept. However, a survey on Google Star Rating suggests that not all of these restaurants are sustainable. The significant discrepancy between expectations and actual satisfaction of consumers is likely a contributing factor. Moreover, intense competition exists between these restaurants. This study aims to identify which aspects of marketing—such as product, price, place, promotion, people, process, and physical evidence—influence Korean restaurants’ consumer needs. Using the Kano model, consumer satisfaction was analyzed by classifying consumer needs into attractive, must-be, one-dimensional, indifferent, reverse, or questionable categories. Purposive and snowball sampling methods were employed to select 100 respondents to complete a questionnaire. The results unveiled that four of the seven marketing mix attributes needed by Korean restaurants’ consumers fell into the one-dimensional category. The features consisted of physical evidence (clean dining room), people (clean and tidy employee appearance), product (good taste), and process (timely service). Furthermore, the attributes of unique offers (D1); fast service (F2); menu information, ingredients, how to cook it (E3); and affordable food prices (B1) contributed to greater consumer satisfaction. These attributes boosted consumer satisfaction by 80%, 79.8%, 74.5%, and 73.7%, respectively.

Analisis Penggunakan E-Wallet Dalam Bertransaksi Keuangan Mahasiswa Universitas Sultan Maulana Hasanuddin Banten

Internet users are growing rapidly from time to time all over the world, including Indonesia. As a result, their consumer's need for making payments has changed to non-cash payments, namely electronic wallets, which are becoming a huge potential in their e-commerce market. Their preference for e-wallet transactions increases compared to using cash. Most of its users are millennials, including students. This study has knowledge relevant to the use of e-wallets and the reasons behind their use. Their study involved college students, which consisted of nine female students, and one male student whose ages varied between 19 and 23 years. This study uses a quantitative method with an in-depth approach as a technique for collecting primary data and secondary data obtained from related websites. The results of this study yielded the following data: 1. Student knowledge about e-wallets has a positive and significant impact on student transaction interest based on the results, the t count is 10,160, which is greater than the t table, which is 1,989. 2. From the results of the deitemination coefficient test, it can be seen that the variable effect of student knowledge about e-wallets on interest in financial transactions is as much as 52.3%. This can be seen from the R value of squiarei in the variable knowledge of students about Islamic banks, which is equal to 0.523. The remaining 47.7% is affected by variables that are not included in the research being studied. On the other hand, e-wallets are not only understood as a place to store money electronically, but also as digital payments such as OVO, Gopay and DANA. and students not only feel comfortable, but also make payments easier because they can be done anywhere as long as the user is connected to the internet.

Illegal meat cartel in Malaysia: what went wrong?

Halal is an essential part of the Muslim faith. The Halal certificate is one of the Malaysian government's initiatives designed to help Muslim consumers. The success rate of the government initiative, however, relies on the collaboration of every walk of life. This initiative must be compatible with efforts to eradicate all who are cashing in on the Halal industry’s growth. This study, therefore, discussed the import and export sectors as a solution to the meat supply limitation in Malaysia, fulfilling the need of consumers and improving the domestic economy by reflecting the illegal meat cartel issue as the main theme of discussion. The issue of the illegally imported meats labelled with the halal logo clearly points out the weaknesses that need to be rectified immediately. To incorporate detailed ideas, library research and document analysis are employed by referring to primary sources as well as secondary sources such as article journals, official portals, conference papers and so on. Data extracted including from interviews were analysed thematically based on illegal meat cartels and the manipulation point that needs to be addressed. Research findings succeeded in revealing the manipulation point that needs to be fixed and monitored more efficiently in the illegal import meat cartel case by the agencies involved. Recommendations based on the research findings suggest that the Malaysia government needs to strengthen halal certification processes and methods of monitoring, while the industries must fulfil all requirements that had been set by the government and provide lawful food for consumers. The authorities also need to tighten the specific standard operating procedure that ensures transparency for all parties

Peningkatan Kualitas Produk Proll Tape Di Kabupaten Jember Dengan Metode QFD dan KANO

The prol tape product produced by the home industry in Jember Regency is a souvenir product typical which is very popular. Over time, the abundant availability of cassava raw materials and the high interest in buying consumers have made the rapid development of processed cassava tape products not only prol tape but other product innovatons have emerged. In the midst of the emergence of many new products, there is a need for preventive action as a measure to close the possibility of the decline in the existence of prol tape as a typical product from Jember regency and being unable to compete with other types of produstc. Effort to maintain and increase the existence of prol tape products as a distinctive product, efforts to control product quality are carried out using the quality function deployment (QFD) and Kano analysis methods to improve the quality of prol tape products by home industries in Jember regency. The sampling technique in this study used purposive sampling, based on the research results, it was obtained 9 attributes of consumer need for prol tape products produced by home industries in Jember regency, where all of its attributes in order to achieve customer satisfaction. Attributes of consumer needs consist of taste, price, texture, aroma, product durability, packaging design, product hygiene, product size, product-related information.

Using the Transparency of Supply Chain Powered by Blockchain to Improve Sustainability Relationships with Stakeholders in the Food Sector: The Case Study of Lavazza

Food product safety and quality are considered to be of the utmost significance on a global scale. Highly publicized food safety incidents have significantly increased public interest in food traceability, defined as “the ability to track any food, feed, food-producing animal or substance that will be used for consumption, through all stages of production, processing, and distribution” (European Union). The World Health Organization (WHO) suggests that governments, producers, and consumers work together to ensure food safety, which calls for the dissemination of pertinent information throughout complex food value networks. Therefore, it is in the best interest of profit-driven businesses to implement information systems for tracking food goods, a significant byproduct of which is the likelihood of increased profitability. This paper aims to explore the ample possibilities for such implementations that are now available thanks to blockchain technology. In particular, the goal is to explore the dynamics of this technology and identify how it helps to create good customer relationships. For this purpose, the case of Lavazza, an important Italian roasted coffee company that has recently introduced a blockchain-tracked product to the market, is analyzed in detail, including all the steps that made the application of the technology possible and how it was finally communicated to the consumer. The case study offers a concrete example that resulted from both stakeholders’ internal need for greater traceability and consumers’ external need for greater transparency regarding the company’s sourcing processes. In this pilot project, collaboration among all the entities that are part of the chain was essential to delivering a formative, customized, and ultimately, easy-to-understand experience to the end consumer. Finally, Lavazza is an example of a company that decided to challenge itself by following a trend that will be increasingly present in future socioeconomic scenarios.

Government Capacity to Guarantee Halal Product from Micro, Small, And Medium Enterprises in Kebumen

Halal product guarantee is one of the complex and long issues in Indonesia as it took more than 20 years to establish the regulation. The government must fulfill the consumer need for halal product guarantee by providing a reliable certification system. However, there are still many business actors who have not given priority to the importance of halal certification for their products because they think applying halal certification is complicated. Therefore, this research aims to examine the local government capacity to guarantee halal product from micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSME) in Kebumen. It was empirical normative legal research using qualitative approach. In this research, we used primary data collected through interviews, and secondary data sourced from literature study of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. We analyzed the data using a qualitative descriptive approach. The results suggest that the local government capacity to guarantee halal products in Kebumen is advanced in terms of legal capacity. While in community empowerment and utilizing electronic application in halal product certification are still a challenge.

The role of digital technology in communication and information flow in the Australian Superannuation industry

Successful retirement planning critically depends on access to accurate and up-to-date information. In this paper, we focus on the Australian Superannuation industry to examine the influence of digital technology in facilitating communication and information flow among its various actors. Using a qualitative research methodology, we conducted 22 semi-structured interviews with various industry actors including Superfunds, fund members, consultants, IT and digital solutions providers, and representatives from industry regulators. Our findings highlight the need for these actors to enhance their resource and knowledge-sharing capabilities, consumer need recognition, and information flow to ultimately enable Superfund members to improve their retirement planning and financial well-being. JEL Classification: D14 Household Saving • Personal Finance, D15 Intertemporal Household Choice • Life Cycle Models and Saving, J26 Retirement • Retirement Policies and J32 Nonwage Labor Costs and Benefits • Retirement Plans • Private Pensions

Forecasting in the fashion industry: a model for minimising supply-chain costs

ABSTRACT Fashion is replaced every season and collections change rapidly, depending on certain events. There are only a few weeks between the fashion shows and the collections reaching their sale points. As the pattern of demand is seasonal, new items must be produced every season. Additionally, colours and patterns change rapidly, creating a need for producers and consumers to continually remain updated. This research study proposes a forecasting model that enhances the accuracy of fashion trend forecasting in the context of multiple variants of colour clothing. The model aims to maximise the firms’ profits, while minimising forecasting errors and reducing costs that result from excess production or, alternatively, from the loss of potential revenues due to low demand. In the proposed model, the expected profit was notably higher when the customers’ readiness to compromise was low or when only one type of product was in stock.

The Effects of Luxury Brand Influencer Characteristics on Self-Brand Connection: Focused on Consumer Perception

This study aims to understand how the characteristics of the luxury brand influencer and consumer need satisfaction positively affect the self-brand connection. It also attempts to understand the relationship between self-brand connection and word-of-mouth intention. This study also investigates the moderating effect of self-identification and product fit as control variables. The hypothesis and research model in this study are established through a literature review. Furthermore, 500 consumers who use the Internet and social networking services participated in this study. The statistical package and structural equation analysis program were used to test the hypothesis. The results from analyzing the hypothesis established in this study are as follows: The influencer’s characteristics, such as attractiveness, expertise, and reliability were found to have a positive effect on the self-brand connection. The study also investigated that autonomy, as a component of consumer need satisfaction, did not positively affect the self-brand connection. However, relatedness and competence positively affected the self-brand connection. The self-identification and product fit have moderating effects when influencers’ characteristics and consumer need satisfaction affect the self-brand connection. It was confirmed that there was an interaction effect between the high and low groups for all modulating variables. The implications of the study were mentioned from a sustainability perspective in the implications at the end of the paper.

DESIGN FOR DISASSEMBLY IN ARCHITECTURE

DFD, when summed up simply, refers to architectural areas in which the structures are either temporary or occasionally timeless. A society, a public space, or a body of ideas can invest and embed itself in a temporary structure, which is one of the most important fields of architecture since the past. Temporary structures rapidly appear and vanish, but they are intended to do so. Nowadays, there is an urgent need for flexibility in the housing sector. It starts to become a necessary component of architecture. The pace of life has gotten faster, and people's wants are always changing. Architecture is difficult to suit all consumers' demands because of this Designers are experimenting and creating spaces full of innovative ideas crossing the border in the traditional approach to DESIGN FOR DISASSEMBLY. This paper explores and systematizes the subject of flexibility and adaptability of buildings in design for disassembly. Flexibility enables the evolution of design as per consumers need. To modify home as per the need. Design for disassembly is an important concept in sustainable architecture that involves designing buildings with the ability to be easily taken apart and reused or recycled. This research paper explores the various aspects of design for disassembly in architecture, including its benefits, challenges, and strategies for implementation. The paper also presents case studies of buildings that have successfully incorporated design for disassembly principles. Key words- Design for disassembly (DFD), interchange, flexibility, adaptability.

MSME Marketing Performance during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Role of Empowered Interaction Capability

The Covid-19 pandemic has had an impact on the marketing performance of MSMEs in Indonesia, as indicated by a decrease in sales. Therefore, various strategies must be carried out to boost the sales, including by implementing marketing innovations and increasing the ability to interact with customers. In addition to examining the effect of marketing innovation, consumer need adaptability, empowered interaction capability, and marketing intelligence on marketing performance, this study also aims to examine the effect of empowered interaction capability on marketing performance mediated by consumer need adaptability and marketing intelligence in Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Banjarsari District during the Covid-19 pandemic. The sample of this study consists of 51 MSMEs spread across Banjarsari District, Surakarta Regency, Central Java. The analytical method used is Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results of this study show that empowered interaction capability has a significant positive effect on marketing performance. Meanwhile, marketing innovation, consumer need adaptability, and marketing intelligence have no effect on marketing performance. Likewise, consumer need adaptability and marketing intelligence do not mediate the effect of empowered interaction capability on marketing performance. The implication of this research for MSMEs is that MSMEs need to increase empowered interaction capability through increased collaboration and co-creation so that customers are willing to provide ideas or suggestions to the company, thereby increasing company performance.

This cookie will save the planet! The effect of a private sustainability claim on consumers’ expectations

Current study investigates whether a private, sustainability claim has an impact on individuals' sensory and non-sensory expectations (halo effect) and quantifies such impact on individual monetary preferences. An incentive-compatible artefactual field experiment was performed by recruiting regular buyers and consumers of the investigated product (cookies). Results reveal that the sustainable agriculture claim generates high (unrelated) expectations and a statistically significant premium price compared to the conventional counterpart. Additionally, these expectations, together with respondents’ trust in the claim, are the drivers of the price premium. Findings suggest the need for policy makers and consumer advocates to scrutinize the potential drawbacks of private sustainability claims on food products.

Restaurant business foresight

Introduction. Development management of the restaurant business is problematically orien­ted because exogenous and endogenous factors influence the efficiency of restaurant business establishments. Problem. The influence of external and inter­nal factors of different hierarchical levels on the restaurant business actualizes the expediency of developing innovative and adaptive mechanisms of interaction with the subjects of economic relations, which are formed based on the use of cognitive modeling in the identification and selection of scenario vectors for predicting their development. The aim of the article is the scientific sub­stantiation of scenario vectors for forecasting the development of restaurant business establishments. Methods. General scientific and special me­thods of cognition such as abstract-logical, com­parison, analysis and synthesis, system approach, logical and cognitive modeling, theoretical gene­ralization and formulation of conclusions were applied in the article. Results. The dynamics of restaurant business establishments are analyzed and substantiated, and comparative monitoring of the volume of services sold by service sector enterprises by type of economic activity is carried out. The advan­tages, disadvantages, and risks of combining restaurant business establishments into multi-format chains have been identified. Conclusions. The content of scenario vectors for forecasting the development of restaurant business establishments has been developed and characterized; it includes a focus on consumer values and need, collaboration of restaurant busi­ness entities and related food service companies, unification of formats and concepts of subjects of the restaurant business, restructuring of busi­ness models of restaurant business entities, techno­logical innovations to improve consumer safety and omnicidal marketing communication. Based on the above, the authors’ interpretation of the concept of "business scenario" is provided.