Needs Of Caregivers Research Articles

Needs of caregivers of youth enrolled in a statewide system of care: A latent class analysis

ObjectiveSystems of care (SOC) provide a coordinated array of services to youth with serious emotional and behavioral problems and their families. Little is known about what caregiver-specific needs at presentation to care may contribute to use of and engagement with care coordination and subsequent youth and family outcomes. This study aimed to determine latent classes of youth enrolled in wraparound care coordination within a statewide SOC based on caregiver needs impacting youth functioning and identify the relationship between class membership and characteristics of participation in Child and Family Team meetings (CFTs) and mental health outcomes at six-month follow-up. MethodParticipants were 703 youth (Mage = 11.21, SD = 3.67) and their caregivers that had information about caregiver needs and received a six-month follow-up assessment. Latent class analysis determined latent classes of families based on caregiver service needs at presentation to care, and differences in participation in care coordination and youth outcomes at 6-month follow up based on class membership was examined. ResultsResults indicated four classes of caregiversPhysical Health Needs, No Needs, Basic Needs, and Mental Health/Trauma Needs. Class membership was associated with size of the CFT, number of CFTs attended by the youth, percentage of CFTs with a natural support present, and percentage of CFTs that occurred in the family’s home. Class membership was associated with caregiver ratings of objective strain at 6-month follow-up. ConclusionAssessing caregiver needs at presentation to care can provide direction for care coordinators to more directly target areas of family need through wraparound and individualize services.

What Motivates Physicians to Address Caregiver Needs? The Role of Experiential Similarity.

Despite the significant stress of family caregiving, caregivers' needs and risks are often overlooked in healthcare settings. This study examined the factors associated with primary care physicians' perceived responsibility to identify and address caregiver needs and risks. Using a national random sample of U.S. primary care physicians (N = 106), multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine associations of physicians' perceived responsibility to assess caregivers' needs with experiential similarity (personal experience with caregiving), structural similarity (being older and female), and secondary exposure variables (time seeing older adults in the outpatient setting). Most (76.5%) physicians felt responsible for identifying caregivers' needs and risks. In multivariable models, physicians who had personal experience with caregiving were four times more likely than those without it to feel responsible for identifying caregivers' needs and risks and assessing caregivers' mental health concerns. Thus, physicians may benefit from educational interventions that immerse them in caregivers' lived experiences.

Understanding implementation characteristics in navigation programs for persons living with dementia and their caregivers: A scoping review

Introduction Dementia care is often fragmented and un-coordinated. As the number of individuals living with dementia increases worldwide, navigation programs are a way to help counter difficulties with navigating and accessing services by better integrating care for individuals with dementia and their family caregivers. While navigation programs are increasingly being used, it is not clear how to best implement such programs in North America and abroad. Methods Following Arskey and O’Malley's (2006) scoping review methodology and theoretically informed by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research, this paper explored existing navigational programs used in dementia care to identify factors to consider when implementing these programs across different settings. Results Twenty-two articles were included in this review. Our findings suggest that there is a high degree of variability with how navigation programs are being delivered and no clearly established or standardized protocol to implement such programs. Barriers and facilitators to implementation were identified as they relate to (1) Complexity (Intervention Characteristics); (2) Patient and Caregiver Needs (Outer Setting); (3) External Policies (Outer Setting); (4) Available Resources (Inner Setting) (5) Communication (Inner Setting); (6) Culture (Inner Setting); (7) Leadership Engagement (Inner Setting); (8) Knowledge and Beliefs ( Characteristics of Individuals); (9) Champions (Process) and (10) Evaluation (Process). Discussion Combined, the findings from this review provide suggestions for implementing navigation in the context of dementia care and suggest several pragmatic considerations (e.g. available resources) when implementing new navigation programs.

Unmet needs and wish for support of family caregivers of primary brain tumor patients.

Most primary brain tumor patients rely on family caregivers for support. Caregiving can be rewarding, but also leads to significant burden from unmet needs. We aimed to: (1) identify and characterize caregivers' unmet needs; (2) determine associations between unmet needs and wish for support; (3) evaluate acceptability of the Caregiver Needs Screen (CNS) and perceived feasibility in clinical practice. Family caregivers of primary brain tumor patients were recruited from outpatient clinics and asked to complete an adapted version of the CNS consisting of 33 common issues caregivers report (item scale 0-10), and the wish for support (yes/no). Participants ranked acceptability and feasibility (item scale 0-7; higher scores being positive) of the adapted CNS. Descriptive and non-parametric correlational analyses were applied. Caregivers (N = 71) reported 1-33 unmet caregiving needs (M = 17.20, sd = 7.98) but did not always wish for support (range 0-28, M = 5.82, sd = 6.96). A weak correlation was found between total number of unmet needs and wish for support (r = 0.296, P = .014). Most distressing items were patients' changes in memory/concentration (M = 5.75, sd = 3.29), patients' fatigue (M = 5.58, sd = 3.43), and signs of disease progression (M = 5.23, sd = 3.15).Caregivers most often wished support with recognizing disease progression (N = 24), and least often with managing spiritual issues (N = 0). Caregivers evaluated acceptability and feasibility of the CNS tool positively (mean scores ranged 4.2-6.2). Family caregivers experience distress resulting from many neuro-oncology specific needs, but this is not directly related to wish for support. Family caregiver needs screening could be useful to tailor support to suit their preferences in clinical practice.

Analysis of the current status of hospice care needs and factors influencing them among family caregivers of patients with advanced cancer

OBJECTIVE To understand the current status of the needs of patients receiving hospice services and their caregivers and the factors influencing them. METHODS A convenience sampling method was used to survey 120 family members caring for patients with advanced cancer in 1 hospital with hospice care in Ningxia from April to June 2022 as study subjects using the Barthel Index Rating Scale of Self-Care, the Caregiving Burden Scale, and the Caregiver's Need for Hospice Care Scale. RESULTS Caregivers' scores for each dimension of hospice service needs were, in descending order, social support needs  information needs  physiological needs  psychological needs  spiritual needs  health care behavioral needs; multiple linear regression analysis The results showed that education, patient relationship, willingness to receive hospice care, and burden of caregiving capacity entered the regression model (P<0.05) with R2=26.2%. CONCLUSION The level of education of caregivers, relationship with patients, willingness to receive hospice care, and the burden of caregiving ability are the main influencing factors of caregivers' demand for hospice services. The diversified needs of caregivers should be met by strengthening publicity and social support, establishing a new model of hospice care, and taking advantage of interprofessional teamwork.

Predictors of burden perceived by informal caregivers of patients registered in the home health-care unit.

Studies have reported multiple variables that can affect the level of burden on informal caregivers. The need for informal caregivers is expected to increase in the upcoming years. Informal caregivers are an important extension of the formal health-care system. The aim of this study was to discover the characteristics of informal caregivers of adult patients, to determine the socioeconomic, psychological, and physical consequences facing informal caregivers, and to measure caregivers' burdens and needs. An analytical cross-sectional study that was carried out in Saudi Arabia, in the home health-care unit of King Abdelaziz University Hospital in the city of Jeddah. A. Descriptive statistics consisted of means, standard deviations, frequency tables, cross-tabulation, and charts. Categorical variables were compared using the Chi-square test to determine significant relationships between variables. A. Most of the caregivers reported no burden to minimal burden. The relationship with the care recipient has a negative impact on the burden scale.

UNDERSTANDING AND RESPONDING TO THE NEEDS OF STUDENT CAREGIVERS THROUGH THE AGE-FRIENDLY UNIVERSITY LENS

Abstract Caregiving has steadily increased over the years, with approximately 44 million individuals in the U.S. providing over 37 billion hours of unpaid, informal care for adult family members and friends with chronic illnesses or conditions that impact their functionality and daily activities. While much caregiving research has been completed over the years, research on student caregivers is scant, and less is known about the experiences and the needs of students in caregiving roles. This presentation examines data from a campus-wide survey to assess the prevalence and impact of unpaid caregiving on students. Utilizing the Age-Friendly University framework, this study aims to identify sources of unmet caregiving need, as well as community and campus connections to better support students in caregiving roles. Recommendations for assessing student caregiver needs and ways to generate and enhance caregiver support through the AFU lens will be highlighted.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOCIOECONOMIC DISADVANTAGE AND DEMENTIA CAREGIVER BURDEN

Abstract More than 16 million people provide unpaid care to someone with Alzheimer’s disease or a related dementia (ADRD) in the United States. These caregivers frequently report experiencing psychological and physical burden. Prior research shows that socioeconomic disadvantaged neighborhoods have higher rates of ADRD, but little is known about caregiver burden. We hypothesized more socioeconomic disadvantage is associated with higher caregiver burden. We performed a secondary analysis using baseline data on dementia caregivers (n=132) enrolled in the Indiana University Telephone Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for Caregivers (TACTICs) pilot trials. Mean (SD) caregiver age was 61.6 (11.6) years; 83.3% women; 78.8% white; 19.7% black. Seventy-two percent of the caregivers lived with the care recipient and 50.8% reported moderate dementia severity. A linear regression model examined the relationship between caregiver’s national Area Deprivation Index (ADI) score (ranging from 1–100 with higher scores indicating greater socioeconomic disadvantage) and caregiver burden. The following covariates were included: age, sex, race, education, shared residence with care-recipient, health status, anxiety, depression, and dementia severity of care recipient. Higher ADI was associated with lower caregiver burden (β=-0.222, p < 0.001). Caregiver burden has a significant negative relationship with ADI and dementia severity (p<-.001 and 0.046, respectively) and positive relationship with anxiety (p=0.014) controlling other covariates in the model. Although we found no support for the hypothesis, further research should examine these factors with how caregiver’s ADI may impact other psychosocial wellbeing outcomes. Discussion will highlight the need for caregivers to have access to resources that can aid them through their experience.

A DUTY TO CARE: MALE PERSPECTIVES ON THE CAREGIVER ROLE FOR PERSONS WITH ALZHEIMER’S OR RELATED DEMENTIA

Abstract The population of family caregivers (FCGs) of persons with Alzheimer's Disease and related Dementias (ADRD) is growing, as is the proportion of males taking on this traditionally female role. Most caregiving research has mainly focused on females. Although female caregivers have reported more negative outcomes, men still report significant levels of burden. With the aging population and increased need for caregivers, there is a gap in knowledge exploring the male caregiving experience. Understanding male caregiving experiences can inform clinicians on developing future strategies to tailor support for this underrepresented group. The purpose of this qualitative descriptive study was to explore the experiences of male FCGs of people with ADRD. The Caregiver Identity Theory (CIT) was used to guide the study exploring participants’ perception of self-identity within their caregiving relationship and self-identity as a male. Eleven male caregivers, recruited through social media and community resources, were interviewed by telephone or Zoom. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using thematic analysis. Four major themes emerged highlighting males’ struggles with the unfamiliar caregiving role and changing identity; their acknowledgement of personal growth and discovery through caregiving, challenges in finding the “right” kind of support, and perceived reshaping of masculinity through the caregiving role. Male caregivers express unique experiences as FCGs suggesting future research is needed to explain gender differences in caregiving and identify additional factors that influence male caregivers’ experiences. Furthermore, findings indicate clinicians should tailor support strategies for male FCGs’ as they fulfill this potentially unfamiliar role.

FEASIBILITY OF A COMMUNITY-LED VIRTUAL SELF-CARE PROGRAM FOR AFRICAN AMERICAN FAMILY CAREGIVERS

Abstract As the population of older adults in the U.S. increases, the need for family caregivers will mirror this growth. Despite a greater intensity of caregiving, African American caregivers are less likely to access formal support services and engage in self-care practices. To address the self-care needs of African American family caregivers, a community-engaged approach was used to develop and implement a half-day virtual self-care program. The development of the program was guided by the Individual and Family Self-Management Theory. This study evaluates experiences of program attendees. The specific aims are to examine the acceptability and practicality of the virtual self-care program. Women who self-identified as African American and a caregiver (i.e., taking care of another adult) were personally invited to attend. All attendees were emailed an electronic survey containing Likert-type and open-ended questions. Responses were examined for patterns and key content-related categories using inductive content analysis. Eleven of the sixteen attendees responded to the survey. All eleven strongly agreed (64%) or agreed (36%) that the event met their expectations and/or needs. In addition to providing opportunity to take time to engage in self-care, the event created a virtual space for women to focus on themselves. Women spoke about three distinct ways the event met their needs: 1) learning and trying new things, 2) access to resources, and 3) having a shared experience. These findings suggest that virtual programs may be used as an additional resource to support the health of African American women who care for older adults.

CONVERSATIONS ON THE COSTS OF CAREGIVING: COMPARING CAREGIVERS’ AND FINANCIAL ADVISORS’ PERCEPTIONS

Abstract Costs of caregiving go beyond physical, mental, and emotional; the financial costs are astronomical. On average, family caregivers spend 26% of their income on caregiving (AARP 2021). As the need for family caregivers grows due to longer lifespans (AARP 2020), incorporating the topic of caregiving into financial planning for longevity conversations becomes increasingly necessary. Drawing on data from the MIT AgeLab Caregiver Panel, a research panel of over 1400 family caregivers, and from the MIT AgeLab Preparing for Longevity Advisory Network, a research panel of over 900 financial professionals, this presentation will describe mixed methods research findings that highlight caregivers’ and financial professionals’ attitudes and perceptions toward caregiving as a topic within client-advisor conversations. Results demonstrate that many caregivers wish they had financially planned for the costs of caregiving more than they did. However, caregivers rarely turn to their financial advisors for support; many perceive their value to be strictly financial and are unaware of their advisors’ ability to support them. Despite caregivers’ doubts, most financial professionals feel equipped and willing to have caregiving-related conversations with clients. Additionally, while over three-quarters of financial professionals reported making referrals to outside resources for caregiving-related support, some critical avenues – including social workers and therapists, support groups, and respite care providers – were underutilized. Implications of these findings for caregivers and professionals of various industries will also be discussed.

ETHIOPIAN CENTENARIANS: HEALTH CONDITIONS AND SENSORY/COGNITIVE FUNCTIONALITY

Abstract Globally, the centenarian population is expected to increase in the coming three decades reaching 3 million by 2050. In Ethiopia, like other Sub-Saharan African countries, information about the health condition, sensory and cognitive functionality of centenarians is scanty. This study examined the health conditions and sensory/cognitive functionality of Ethiopian centenarians. A qualitative case study design was employed. Nine centenarians (1 woman, 8 men) between age 100 and 108 were identified using snowball sampling. Data were generated through in-depth interviews and analyzed using descriptive analysis. All 9 were Orthodox Christians and lived in rural areas either with their wives (3) or other relatives. Four centenarians could read and write, two attended grade eight and nine, and three were non-literate. Before retirement the centenarians engaged in different occupations as farmers (4), shoemaker, government employee, school teacher, priest, “bounty hunter” and mechanic. Most perceived that their sensory and cognitive functionality was normal until their later 90s except for minor complaints. Centenarians faced walking difficulty (5), joint tightness (4), back pain (4), fatigue, dental issues, stuttering, hypertension (3), insomnia, diabetes, anorexia, severe headache, constipation and anxiety. Two centenarians identified themselves as escapers. Centenarians faced hearing defect (4), sight problems, and a decrease in taste and smell. Two reported proper functioning of their sensory organs. Despite various health problems, the Ethiopian centenarians aspired to live longer resiliently. Findings call for further study and the need for social workers, caregivers, and health care practitioners to consider the health conditions, sensory and cognitive functionality of centenarians.

An Exploration of Service Needs and Preferences of Dementia Caregivers in Kentucky

As Americans live longer, the prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias will increase. Caregivers are critical to the care and life quality of people with dementia. Yet, dementia caregivers are at increased risk for health issues, social isolation, and financial challenges. To help educators with the University of Kentucky Cooperative Extension Service work with their local Alzheimer’s Association and the University of Louisville to better support dementia families, we explored caregiver needs and service utilization using an online survey. Our findings highlighted the need for counseling/support, care management skills, resource education, self-care strategies, and legal services. Extension Service Educators can use this information to inform program development and support dementia families.

Identifying Clinically Important Functional Impairments and Rehabilitation Needs in Cancer Survivors and a Pilot Validation of the Cancer Rehabilitation Questionnaire

Despite the availability of cancer rehabilitation, utilization at our institution was low. We designed the Cancer Rehabilitation Questionnaire (CRQ) to investigate the prevalence of functional impairments amongst cancer survivors and attitudes towards rehabilitation participation. We evaluated the performance of CRQ as a screening tool for detecting clinically important physical dysfunction. A cross-sectional study was performed, recruiting cancer survivors at a university outpatient oncology clinic. Cancer survivors completed the CRQ and European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Questionnaire - Core 30 Questionnaires. Descriptive statistical analysis and receiver operator characteristics analysis were performed to assess the ability of the CRQ to detect clinically important physical dysfunction, as measured by the EORTC QLQ-C30. Of 204 participants, 87.3% reported impairments in at least 1 CRQ domain. Pain and weakness were most common. The number of positive items correlated with EORTC global health status and functional scales. A cut-off of ≥ 4 on the CRQ predicted clinically important physical dysfunction (sensitivity 61.8%, specificity 75.5%). Of those with impairments, 53.9% were unwilling to participate in rehabilitation. Transportation, need for caregivers, and cost were the main barriers. Our findings will guide resource allocation to overcome barriers to participation. The CRQ can help to stratify cancer survivors requiring further rehabilitation interventions.

The demands of caregivers of children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in different therapy stages and the exploration of possible interventions: A longitudinal investigation survey at a Tertiary Medical Institution.

To describe the demands of family caregivers of children with ALL at different therapy stages and explore the possible interventions to address their care demands. A longitudinal investigation study. A total of 157 family caregivers of children treated in the Haematological oncology ward of a tertiary medical hospital in China between March and December in 2020 were included in this study. The Comprehensive Needs of Caregivers of Cancer Patients and Families Taking Care of Children Scale was used to investigate the family caregivers of children with ALL. The family caregivers completed the questionnaire accompanied by a researcher within two weeks of each therapy stage, which included the induction, consolidation and continuation stages. Family caregivers of children with ALL had many demands that varied based on the stage of therapy. Family caregivers in the induction therapy stage needed more information about their children's disease, having the highest score in information demands (35.60 ± 5.85). The family caregivers in the consolidation therapy stage needed more information on symptom management and socio-economic support, having the highest score in care and support demands (36.14 ± 5.12). The family caregivers in the continuation therapy stage (including interim and maintenance therapy stages) focused more on their own and the children's social adaptation, so they scored the highest for psychosocial demands (35.96 ± 5.69). Family caregivers of children with ALL had different demands that varied based on the stage of therapy. Medical personnel should be aware of the primary needs of family caregivers at different therapy stages to provide early interventions and support based on their demands, ultimately improving the physical and mental condition of family caregivers and the quality of care.

Burnout Syndrome and COVID-19 Lockdown: Research on Residential Care Workers Who Assume Parental Roles with Youths.

Healthcare professionals are at higher risk of developing and experiencing burnout. Parents may also suffer from prolonged stressful conditions that lead to physical and emotional exhaustion. Residential youth care workers assume a caregiving role that can lead to persistent stressful conditions that affect their relationship with the youth. In addition, the COVID-19 lockdown has had a negative impact on both the organization and the work, as well as on the lifestyle of workers and minors. In fact, during the pandemic, contact with families was not possible due to restrictions and this increased the need for caregivers to assume a parental role. This research aims to examine the risk of burnout in a sample of 75 healthcare professionals working with youths and the association with psychological traits. Then, we aim to evaluate these aspects during the COVID-19 lockdown The measurements, conducted in both February 2019 and April 2021, included six questionnaires: MBI to assess burnout, TAS_20 to explore alexithymic traits, COPE_NVI to assess coping strategies, FDS_R to quantify frustration intolerance at work, IRI for empathy, and FFMQ to investigate awareness and emotional regulation. Our sample shows a medium-high risk of developing burnout, which worsened during the pandemic. A worsening of emotional skills, paralleled by a greater empathic investment required by the emergency situation, and an assumed parental role is observable. Coping strategies correlate with burnout risk, as avoidance strategies were strongly associated with emotional exhaustion. These findings suggest an urgent need to develop targeted and timely interventions for healthcare professionals in order to prevent long-term consequences.

Image Classification Using Multiple Convolutional Neural Networks on the Fashion-MNIST Dataset

As the elderly population grows, there is a need for caregivers, which may become unsustainable for society. In this situation, the demand for automated help increases. One of the solutions is service robotics, in which robots have automation and show significant promise in working with people. In particular, household settings and aged people's homes will need these robots to perform daily activities. Clothing manipulation is a daily activity and represents a challenging area for a robot. The detection and classification are key points for the manipulation of clothes. For this reason, in this paper, we proposed to study fashion image classification with four different neural network models to improve apparel image classification accuracy on the Fashion-MNIST dataset. The network models are tested with the highest accuracy with a Fashion-Product dataset and a customized dataset. The results show that one of our models, the Multiple Convolutional Neural Network including 15 convolutional layers (MCNN15), boosted the state of art accuracy, and it obtained a classification accuracy of 94.04% on the Fashion-MNIST dataset with respect to the literature. Moreover, MCNN15, with the Fashion-Product dataset and the household dataset, obtained 60% and 40% accuracy, respectively.

Prosocial Behavior in Caregivers to Older Adults with Chronic Conditions

AbstractBackgroundIn the United States, 1 in 9 adults 65 years of age and older have Alzheimer’s disease. Thus, there is an urgent need for caregivers to support individuals with Alzheimer’s disease, and other chronic diseases of aging. However, due to the challenging physical and emotional nature of caregiving, caregivers are at risk for experiencing chronic stress and burnout which can negatively impact the well‐being of both the care recipient and the caregiver. The purpose of the present study is to examine the degree to which currently serving in a caregiving role affects individuals’ capacity to empathize and exhibit prosocial behavior towards others.MethodThe study included 60 caregivers (Mage = 60.6) to older adults with chronic conditions, and 104 healthy comparison participants (Mage = 62.9). The groups were not significantly different in terms of age (p = .50) or gender (p = .6). Participants played an economic game in which they decided how much money they would like to allocate out of $10 to two different players. During the study, they read a series of notes from the other players which were designed to evoke either an empathetic or neutral state. (Notes were developed by the researcher prior to the study.) Monetary offers were compared between the empathy and neutral experimental conditions. Participants also completed a measure of trait empathy (the Interpersonal Reactivity Index).ResultWe found that the caregivers gave more money in the empathy condition than the non‐caregivers (p<.05), with no statistically significant group differences found in the neutral condition. Within the caregiver group, there was a positive correlation between offer amount in the empathy condition and trait emotional empathy (p<.05).ConclusionDespite the stressors involved in caregiving, we show that caregivers exhibited greater prosocial behavior than non‐caregivers towards strangers in an empathy‐eliciting context. This suggests that in specific contexts the stressors involved in caregiving may not reduce caregivers’ capacity to show prosocial behaviors towards others. Future research may investigate whether this finding extends to empathy and prosocial behavior towards care recipients.

Needs of informal caregivers of people with a rare disease: a rapid review of the literature

ObjectivesMany people living with a rare disease (RD) are cared for by a family member. Due to a frequent lack of individual RD knowledge from healthcare professionals, the patient and...

Psychosocial Correlates and Perceived Needs of Family Caregivers of Persons Living with Dementia in India.

AbstractBackgroundIn India, caregivers of persons living with dementia (CGPwD) often have limited access to dementia care resources. The aim of the study is to understand and deliver psychosocial interventions based on the perceived needs of the CGPwD in accordance with their socio‐cultural background and clinical characteristics of the persons with Dementia (PwD).MethodA sample of 32 CGPwDs attending a Dementia clinic at the NIMHANS, India, between July 2021 – October 2021 was chosen purposively. Cross‐sectional in‐depth interviews were carried out along with Zarit Burden Interview, (Zarit et al., 1980) and Hindi Mental Status Examination (Ganguli et al., 1995).ResultThe mean age of the CGPwD was 42.5 ± 8.5 years with MMSE score 9±7 indicating moderate to severe dementia. Those caregivers who spent more than 6 hours per day towards day‐to‐day caregiving brought out need for information about the illness seeking clarity about mental health care, support in Activities of daily living (ADLs), managing behavioural and psychological symptoms of Dementia (BPSD) and sharing of caregiver responsibilities, whilst those caregivers who took health related decisions for the PwD where concerned about problems associated with instrumental activities of daily living (iADLs), availability and affordability of caregiving resources such as day care, assisted living options, welfare services. Further results will be presented.Conclusion: The perceived needs of CGPwD vary based on severity of illness, socio‐economic status of the CGPwD, age of onset of illness, social support network, relationship between the caregiver and person living with Dementia, spiritual values, readiness to participate in support programs, and much more. Though mental health professionals can develop broader themes for intervention, individualised interventions may warrant poor rates of attrition.