Nature Research Articles

Universal Matter Synthesis and Management via Constructive Resonance: Pioneering Advancements in Physical Sciences and Applied Systems

Constructive resonance, a fundamental phenomenon observed across various scales, plays a pivotal role in both quantum and astrophysical realms. This study delves into the dynamic intricacies of constructive resonance, exploring its implications for matter creation and the origin of force-fields like gravity. It posits that constructive wave couplings between fundamental particles induce a resonant attractive force akin to gravity at the subatomic level, conserving energy within the system. We conceptualize space-time as an interconnected fabric encoding linear and non-linear patterns within an Information Field, revealing interactions between fundamental particles as 'Constructive Resonance Waves,' giving rise to the material universe. Cosmic Information (CI) is introduced as a fundamental basis vector, tied to the dimensions of space and time, culminating in a 5-D universe. This paper introduces a novel theoretical framework encompassing Constructive Resonance and the Resonance-Induced Information Force Field (RIIFF)© parametrically represented by Rf to offer a dynamic perspective on fundamental forces. By integrating these concepts into existing theories, we unveil a fresh understanding of gravity, electromagnetism, and other forces. The RIIFF© framework, expressed as ∂F/∂t= ∇.Rf, elucidates how forces vary over time and space due to resonant interactions, providing a foundation for future research into the dynamic nature of the cosmos.

From the Order of Zong Fa (宗法) to the Order of Ren Lun (人倫)—Confucianism and the Transformation of the Paradigm of Early Chinese Communities

The form of community established by early Confucianism, represented by Confucius and Mencius, can be called the Ren Lun (人倫) community. This community order contains two interdependent dimensions: at the ethical level, it is primarily dominated by the parent-child relationship, with filial piety as its core dimension; at the moral level, its essence lies in the consciousness of human nature centered around Ren (仁), Yi (義), Li (禮) and Zhi (智) as its core, which goes beyond a mere universal human nature. This differs from the order of the Zong Fa (宗法) community in the Western Zhou Dynasty, whose axis is the way of brotherhood, with a vertical lineage connecting ancestors and descendants, in order to achieve unity and cohesion among the horizontal brother tribes. In the Zong Fa (宗法) community, morality and ethics are undifferentiated, and there is no distinction between individual and collective virtues, as well as ruling virtues and edifying virtues. The spiritual principle of the Zong Fa (宗法) community is Qin Qin Zun Zun (親親尊尊), which is both continuous and different from Ren Yi (仁義), revered by early Confucianism. Ren Yi (仁義) is extracted from Qin Qin Zun Zun (親親尊尊), but as a value principle, it possesses a higher universality. Qin Qin Zun Zun (親親尊尊) is a systemic principle closely tied to Zhou Li (周禮), while Ren Yi transcends the system as independent moral principles.

Binary opposition heaven-earth in Russian and English

In the article, the author explores the semantic behavior of representatives of such fundamental concepts as "heaven" and "earth" in the Russian and English language spaces. This binary opposition, despite its ancient origin, demonstrates both interaction with relevant concepts and a tendency to nominate phenomena of a universal or particular nature. The pragmatics of each lexeme is determined not only by the realization of connotative potential, but also by the projection of actual meanings on a fragment of the universe. It should be noted the priority of differential characteristics that verbalize the functionally demanded spectrum of the semantic field. Each semantic derivative of the sky lexeme is characterized by a set of implication connections motivated by hypo- and hyperonymy phenomena. In the logical and meaningful space of English linguoculture, the concept of "sky" implements the values of the visible space above the earth and the equivalent-the religious name paradise, which illustrates the unification of each case of the development of the original meaning by a sign of height, location in the supramundane space. The linguosemiotic variation of the concept of "earth" in the English language picture of the world is associated with its functioning in topographic, legal and agricultural discourses. In the conceptual sphere of the Russian language, the mental unit of the sky provides information of a religious, spatial, physical or climatic nature, while the earth nominates phenomena of an astronomical, administrative-territorial, linguistic, ideal nature. This behavior of each of the pairs allows us to talk about nomination processes motivated by understanding the processes and phenomena of the universe through the prism of naive consciousness, as well as the desire of the language to use existing lexical units to express as many meanings as possible through association mechanisms.

Interaction of paradigms of international human rights law and international humanitarian law through the prism of obligations of the occupying power

Falalіeіeva Liudmyla. Interaction of paradigms of international human rights law and international humanitarian law through the prism of obligations of the occupying power The article highlights theoretical and practical significance of complying or ensuring compliance with the norms of international human rights law in occupied territories and the obligations of the occupying power in accordance with international humanitarian law. Being distinct and having different implementation mechanisms, these bodies of law are applied in parallel, complementing each other to ensure proper protection of guaranteed rights. This study reveals the essence of and peculiarities of the interaction between the paradigms of these two fields of international law, as one of the most important factors contributing to the fulfillment by the states of their obligations to observe/protect human rights, especially fundamental rights in times of armed conflicts, for instance, during Russian unprovoked aggression against Ukrainein its existential and civilizational dimensions, and during the occupation. The applicability of international human rights law in the context of armed conflicts and occupation is highlighted. The article includes analysis of the legal regime of occupation, especially the obligations of the occupying power. It assesses the existing problems with the fulfillment of such obligations by the Russian Federation as the occupying power,which destroys the national identity of Ukrainians and weakens their European identity in the parts of the territories of Ukraine that are being temporarily occupied. The article includes proposals how to overcome these and other related problems. The author concludes by noting that compliance with the obligations under international human rights law in the occupied territories, as well as with the obligations of the occupying power under the law of occupation, internationonal humanitarian law, with respect to various categories of human rights, constitute acomplex and multifaced issue. The Ukrainian doctrine of international law already examines this issue in an interdisciplinary dimension, specifically by analyzing the limits of the rights and obligations of the occupying power in the context of fulfillingits obligations as concerns human dignity and human rights. The scientific researches into the issues related to the scope, nature and limitations of such obligations, legal instruments for their implementation and response in case of their violation can become the theoretical and methodological basis for the development of conceptual approaches to the establishment of relevant practices aimed to ensure that human rights are applied and respected during armed conflicts and occupation. Similarly they can serve as a basis for improvement of the existing mechanisms of bringing states to international legal responsibility for committing internationally wrongful acts and violations of international obligations to observe/protect human rights, given that the latter form the hard core of the civilizational values. Civilizational values embody the universal nature of human rights. They most fully reflect the achievements of mankindin this area and are of the pivotal methodological and practical significance for construction and establishment of an optimal post-war model of international legal order. Key words: international human rights law, international humanitarian law,principle of respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms, principle of non-useof force or the threat of force, armed conflict, regime of occupation, civilians, humanrights, fundamental rights, international treaties, international obligations, international standards, European integration, European identity.

Synthesis of 2D type A molecular sieves by alkaline removal of natural kaolin

Type A molecular sieves have been extensively employed in various fields. It is noteworthy that the direct synthesis of type A molecular sieves from natural kaolin is a common practice among researchers. Traditional type A molecular sieves are characterized by a three-dimensional cubic lattice structure. In this study, our objective is to facilitate the transformation of type A molecular sieves into a two-dimensional layered configuration by employing a two-dimensional layered material as a templating agent. In this research, natural kaolin serves as the primary source material. To eliminate impurities including quartz, illite, and dolomite, an alkali-based solvent extraction method is employed, yielding amorphous silicon and aluminum compounds. Subsequently, a graphene-based templating agent is introduced, and a hydrothermal synthesis process is employed to fabricate two-dimensional type A molecular sieves. The method described herein yields two-dimensional layered type A molecular sieves with a crystallinity exceeding 90%, thereby resulting in a specific surface area that is approximately 11-fold greater compared to their three-dimensional type A counterparts. The applicability of this methodology can be extended to the valorization of low-grade natural mineral resources, optimizing their utility. Furthermore, the approach presented herein for the synthesis of two-dimensional molecular sieves is of a universal nature, offering valuable insights that can serve as a reference for the synthesis of various other categories of two-dimensional molecular sieves.

Nature vs. nurture and the flexibility of gender stereotypes: Counterstereotypical information can both diminish and enhance ingroup stereotyping

Nature vs. nurture and the flexibility of gender stereotypes: Counterstereotypical information can both diminish and enhance ingroup stereotyping

Imagination and the Cosmic Consciousness in Chaucer’s The House of Fame

The aim of this article is to situate Chaucer’s The House of Fame in the tradition of exercising the self as practiced by ancient philosophers and theorized by Pierre Hadot. It shows that Chaucer’s poem contains echoes of an ancient exercise referred to as ‘the view from above’, which engages the faculties of the imagination in order to enable an individual to review their life and to situate it in the context of universal nature. The poet’s creative use of the ancient motif of the celestial flight, I will argue, distances him from those writers who use the theme to develop the contemptus mundi topos and affiliates him with those ancient thinkers who, like Marcus Aurelius, employ it to turn their attention to their own self, which may be achieved via meditations on the identity and homogeneity of all things (homoeides). It is Chaucer’s use of the view from above topos that vindicates the role of imagination by showing how it contributes to self-knowledge, that is, to an awareness of where one stands.

The Existence Of Bank Syariah Indonesia Post-Merger In Denpasar City

The Islamic Banking Revolution is a fairly basic change in a field of Islamic financial institutions that unites the 3 largest Islamic banks in Indonesia, namely Bank Mandiri Syariah, Bank BRI Syariah and Bank BNI Syariah which merge or merge into one called Bank Syariah Indonesia. This new breakthrough regarding the merger of state-owned banks is expected to be a breath of fresh air for all circles, especially non-Muslims to be more receptive to Islamic banking. It is certainly hoped that all Indonesian citizens regardless of their religion can accept Islamic banking as an economic system in Indonesia, especially in the city of Denpasar, which is an Islamic minority. The universal nature of Islamic banks for all people, it is necessary to expand to non-Muslim communities in order to maintain the sustainability and existence of Islamic banks.This research is a field research using qualitative research methods, while the subjects of this research are the internal parties of the Indonesian Islamic Bank in Denpasar City and the community/customers of BSI Denpasar City. Data collection techniques in this study used observation, interviews and documentation techniques. The data validation technique uses credibility test with source triangulation and dependability test.The results of this study indicate that 1) The existence of the Post-Meger Indonesian Islamic Bank in Denpasar City is still able to survive due to their strategy that covers several aspects by implementing the steps taken by Bank Syariah Indonesia in order to continue to exist and survive during the pandemic. Its existence is by implementing the Financing Relaxation program to Reduce Bad Credit Post Mergers during the pandemic, Actively sharing in Community Activities during the pandemic, Business Strategy of Bank Syariah Indonesia Post Mergers during the pandemic (both in terms of survival and marketing by targeting potential customers). 2). The public perception of Denpasar City about the existence of Bank Syariah Indonesia after the merger, both in terms of improving product quality and improving service quality, can be seen from the public perception about the merger of 3 Islamic banks (BSI) is quite good, the majority of Denpasar people already know about the merger of 3 Islamic banks. (BSI). They strongly support this merger because it makes it easier for them to deal with the bank concerned because there are more branches and the reach to the bank is getting closer, both for products and services.

YOUNG ENTREPRENEUR FINANCIAL PLANNING TRAINING (PKPM) DURING THE COVID 19 PANDEMIC

Wealth is something that is very dharuri in human life, Islam has clearly regulated the management of wealth both personally and publicly. With possessions, humans can meet the needs of life both material and immaterial. The concept of Islamic Financial Planning (Sharia) or Islamic Financial Planning has a universal nature that can not only be applied to entrepreneurs during the Covid 19 virus pandemic so that business actors can plan products and finances when the Covid 19 virus outbreak hits the Indonesian homeland. In financial planning, entrepreneurs are able to provide training and financial preparation when experiencing a decrease in sales or a decrease in income due to the outbreak of the Covid-19 virus which results in a decrease in business performance and a decrease in business performance in financial design in the form of business and non-business. The implementation of this service activity is using training methods on how to prepare financial planning, marketing preparation, preparation of product quality results with the aim of being able to maintain business during the outbreak of the covid 19 virus.The outcome of this service activity is that business actors can plan finances, sales / marketing, and produce quality products that can compete in the market during the disaster of the covid 19 virus outbreak so that, A business that can survive and not suffer losses when a virus outbreak strikes.

Universal alignment in turbulent pair dispersion

Countless processes in nature and industry, from rain droplet nucleation to plankton interaction in the ocean, are intimately related to turbulent fluctuations of local concentrations of advected matter. These fluctuations can be described by considering the change of the separation between particle pairs, known as pair dispersion, which is believed to obey a cubic in time growth according to Richardson’s theory. Our work reveals a universal, scale-invariant alignment between the relative velocity and position vectors of dispersing particles at a mean angle that we show to be a universal constant of turbulence. We connect the value of this mean angle to Richardson’s traditional theory and find agreement with data from a numerical simulation and a laboratory experiment. While the Richardson’s cubic regime has been observed for small initial particle separations only, the constancy of the mean angle manifests throughout the entire inertial range of turbulence. Thus, our work reveals the universal nature of turbulent pair dispersion through a geometrical paradigm whose validity goes beyond the classical theory, and provides a framework for understanding and modeling transport and mixing processes.

The Realisation of the Principle of Human Dignity in the Actions of Public Administration – Selected Issues

Human dignity is one of the constitutional values in a number of contemporary states, including Poland. Article 30 of the Polish Constitution says that the inherent and inalienable human dignity is a source of human and civic freedoms and rights. It is inviolable and must be respected and protected by public authorities. Respect for human dignity is expressed as a normative principle or a value that public administration must keep in mind in its operations. Given its universal nature, it determines the way in which people are treated by public administration, which must not only consider but also respect human dignity. Therefore, the state administration should not take action that would violate human dignity and should take action where that dignity is at risk. This obligation becomes the source of the public administration’s special duties concerning the respect for and protection of human dignity.

Theoretically Justification of Human Rights: A Case of Natural Rights Theory

The theoretical justification of natural rights examines the philosophical foundations and ethical principles that support the existence and applicability of these rights. People have some rights simply by being human, and neither groups nor governments may bestow them upon them, according to the idea of natural rights. It also provides a concise overview of the theories that support natural rights, including those that rely on moral intuition, human nature, and the Social Contract. The moral intuition approach maintains that natural rights are self-evident and universally accepted since they are based on our innate sense of right and wrong. It claims that certain inherent human rights are required for human flourishing and well-being. Based on the intrinsic qualities and needs of people, the human nature perspective defends natural rights. It argues that some rights, such as the right to life, liberty, and property, are derived from basic human attributes and abilities. According to the Social Contract theory, a hypothetical agreement among members of a community serves as the foundation for natural rights. It proposes that people voluntarily create a Social Contract to set up a governing body that upholds and defends their fundamental rights. These theoretical defenses offer frameworks for comprehending the nature, significance, and defense of natural rights. They emphasize on these rights’ intrinsic and universal nature, the value of human dignity, and the idea of inalienability. Individuals can live dignified lives by recognizing and upholding their natural rights.

Features of Soviet Industrial Development in 1957–1964 (On the Example of the Mari, Mordovian and Chuvash Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republics)

Introduction and Methods. The relevance of the work is due to the demand for the experience of the economic council reform, including its regional aspect, at the present stage of Russian modernization. The basis of the methodology of the work is the modernization historical paradigm, aimed at the study of various kinds of progressive transformations of society, noted in the process of its development. The main methods used are comparative-historical, historical-cultural, problem-chronological. Results and Discussion. The economic councils of the Mari, Mordovian and Chuvash economic administrative regions already in the first years of their existence showed very worthy economic results. The decentralization of the economic sphere, the removal of bureaucratic “obstacles” stimulated the rapid development of new high-tech industries in all three republics: electrical, machine-building, metalworking, instrument-making, etc. However, having given the industrial development of the Mari, Mordovian and Chuvash Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republics a maximum exhausted itself quickly. Founded in the early 1960s the crisis phenomena were expressed in the growth of isolation of the economic regions headed by economic councils as economic cells striving for self-sufficiency (autarky), which gave rise to a number of problems, in particular in matters of supplies between different economic regions, in drawing up plans and their implementation. The regional material of the studied republics eloquently testifies to the typical (universal) nature of such negative manifestations. Conclusion. For the Mari, Mordovian and Chuvash Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republics, the main result of the economic reform was, in fact, their synchronous transformation from agrarian-industrial to industrial-agrarian regions. The rather rapid pace of this process (1957–1964) can be explained by the decentralization of the economy that occurred as a result of the economic reform, which brought management closer to production and unloaded the industrial management system from excessive bureaucracy. However, the effect of decentralization turned out to be extremely short-lived, since the shortcomings of the territorial administration system soon showed themselves, leading to the rapid exhaustion of its capabilities.

Managerial Shakespeare and TROILUS AND CRESSIDA

From the 1990s a new development has taken place within the framework of ‘Shakespeare in popular culture’, and more specifically of so-called ‘Self-help Shakespeare’, namely what Douglas Lanier has termed ‘the Shakespeare corporate-management manual’. What underlies them all is the notion that, if Shakespeare is famous for portraying universal human nature, he has a good deal to teach the world of business and management. To this effect, they provide quotations and discussions of a number of plays, particularly Henry V, Hamlet, Macbeth, Othello, Julius Caesar and The Merchant of Venice. The value and usefulness of these manuals have been contested, but they could also be objected to as regards the scant attention paid to some other Shakespearean plays, such as Timon of Athens and Troilus and Cressida. It is our contention that, if we were to accept and follow the logic and aims of their authors, Troilus and Cressida could be at least as relevant to business and management as those other plays. This is so not only in its implications for managerial leadership and decision-making, but also on the grounds of more abstract but applicable notions of value and marketability, which are both defended —and opposed— in the play. This paper will seek to explain these notions both in an early-modern context and in their possible relevance to modern entrepreneurial activity.

After Post-Modernity: Discussion Points Against the Background of Global Transformations

The transition of the basically local military-political crisis in the Western Eurasia into the real focus of global geopolitical transformations and civilizational confrontation. That has brought to the agenda the issue of degradation of the principles of universalities that were the basis for globalization in both: socio-political and socio-economic spheres thus demonstrating deepening interaction between them. The world is facing the perspective of competition of different models of development and their political and social localization that reflect the specifics of social-economic environment. The fact that global transformations became the result of interaction of the objective and subjective, contextual factors as well as sometimes were brought to reality through the interaction of political leaders brings us to the conclusion that the world is nowadays within the transitional era that contains several points of bifurcation of political nature that in turn drive for different models of socioeconomic development. The sharp nature of ongoing transformations reflects the situation when most of the paradigms and instrumental models that were regarded as axiomatically universal like institutional governance and representative democracy started to lose their relevance as political and socio-political management tools. The same is true about a bulk of global economic tools such as the universal protected nature of economic interdependence and international trade. But all that was the basis for the globalization. The system of global political and economic relations that has resided quite recently in the environment of nearly total universality started to lose synergy and integrity while forming complex localized formats in which political and socio-cultural factors play the leading role ahead of economic basis and socio-economic relationships. The research drives to the conclusion on the possibility of emergence of the two competing models claiming a global status the specifics of interaction between them and the key differences between them.

I-Love-Q relations for a generic family of neutron star equations of state

ABSTRACT Neutron stars (and quark stars) have recently been found to follow certain universality, the I-Love-Q relations. These relations can provide a greater understanding of the structural and macro properties of compact astrophysical objects with knowledge of any one of the observable. The reason behind this is the lack of sensitivity to the relations with the equation of state (EoS) of matter. In this work, we have investigated the consistency of universal relations for a generic family of equations of state. These equations of state are consistent with the prescribed limits of nuclear theory (low densities) and perturbative QCD (asymptotically high densities) and respecting recent astronomical observations. At intermediate densities, the equations of states are parametrized by the adiabatic speed of sound. Although the spread in the EoS is significant, the universal nature of the I-Love-Q trio holds relatively well up to a specific tolerance limit of 5 per cent fractional percentage error. We have compared the result first with a similar set, but not respecting the recent astrophysical constraints. A deviation from universality is seen and the tolerance exceeds the 5 per cent limit. Next, we have compared our result with a family of EoS having monotonic sound speed inside a neutron star. A slight deviation from universality is seen for this case; however, the tolerance remains within the 5 per cent limit. This shows the existence of a correlation between universal relations and observational constraints.

Discipline System of Water Science and Its Research Progress and Prospect

Water science is an interdisciplinary science specializing in the study of water, and it involves many disciplines and a wide range of research areas. It is a science closely related to human survival, economic and social development, and the wellbeing and reproduction of nature and its all inhabitants. However, due to its complexity, universality, and multidisciplinary nature, the term “water science” has been widely mentioned and used but not standardized. Therefore, it is necessary to further sort out its concept and build its discipline system from the macro level and the level of disciplinary synthesis. Based on a large amount of data analysis, this paper summarized the relevant articles, monographs, and academic communication results since 2011 to propose an interpretation and define the concept and research scope of water science. Then, the discipline system of water science was elaborated, and the current research status and the prospect of water science in China as reflected in the “Report on the Progress of Water Science Research in China” was introduced. In addition, the future development trend of water science was expounded from five aspects, and five future development characteristics of water were then proposed. The research results can provide a reference for further standardizing the scope of water science research, analyzing the discipline system of water science, and shedding light to future development direction.

Cele mediacji a dobór i stosowanie strategii i technik mediacyjnych przez mediatorów w sporach cywilnych – sprawozdanie z badań (część III – wywiady)

Studies of understanding and identification of mediation objectives, strategies and techniques and the effectiveness of mediation proceedings are justified from the cognitive and practical perspectives. The aim of this paper is to present the report of an empirical study, devoted to the subject matter mentioned above, conducted by the author as part of the scientific activity financed by the Polish National Science Centre. The paper is complex in nature – it deals with the research, concept and methodological threads. The empirical study was conducted in Poland, with Polish mediators participating in it, providing mediation services mainly in one of the Mediation Centres operating at District Chambers of Legal Advisors, making up the National Network of Legal Advisor Mediation Centres. However, considering the universal and utilitarian nature of the issue in hand, the comparative potential, originality and cognitive value of the study findings may be of interest to both Polish and international scientists and practitioners of mediation as an amicable form of holistic legal dispute management. Given the scope and depth of the issues addressed, the article is divided into three parts. This text (part III) contains significant, selected data gleaned from in-depth interviews with mediators, as well as their concise discussion and major conclusions and the summary of the whole scientific activity.

THE ROLE OF YOUTH IN COMBATING SOCIAL INEQUALITY: EMPOWERING THE NEXT GENERATION

Social inequality is a pressing issue in India that disproportionately affects young individuals. This analysis explores the impact of social inequality on various domains, including education, employment, housing, health, and social inclusion. It highlights the challenges faced by young people in accessing quality education, securing stable employment, finding affordable housing, maintaining good health, and participating fully in society. However, youth-led organizations and activists have emerged as powerful agents of change in addressing these disparities. Youth-led interventions have focused on bridging the educational gap, promoting equal job opportunities, advocating for affordable housing, improving healthcare access, and championing social justice causes. These initiatives have demonstrated effectiveness in raising awareness, influencing policies, creating support networks, and mobilizing communities. However, challenges such as limited resources and contextual nuances must be considered when transferring successful models to different contexts. The long-term impact of youth empowerment in combating social inequality is significant. Youth involvement fosters leadership skills, active citizenship, and community engagement, creating a ripple effect of social change. Successful models developed in India can serve as valuable examples for other communities, emphasizing the universal nature of social inequality and the collaborative efforts required to address it. Sustained support for youth-led initiatives, recognition of their contributions, and the creation of inclusive environments are crucial for building a more equitable and just society. By harnessing the potential of youth, India can effectively combat social inequality and empower its young population to shape a brighter future for all.

THE EMOTIONAL CONCEPT OF “SADNESS” IN THE COLLECTION OF STORIES “THE ROOM FOR SORROW” BY ANDRII LYUBKA

Scholars from diverse fields of the humanities, including sociology, psychology, philosophy, linguistics, and others, have demonstrated a sustained interest in the realm of emotions. This is primarily because emotions are inextricably linked to crucial aspects of human existence such as behaviour, lifestyle, feelings and their expression, comprehension of the surrounding environment, and the human experience of life-altering circumstances. Every individual’s emotional landscape, as well as their linguistic expression, reflects a unique array of emotions. The article provides an overview of theoretical sources and examines the intricacies of the “concept” notion, which is central to the cognitive linguistics metalanguage. Moreover, the article introduces the term “emotional concept”, which constitutes fragments of the emotional landscape of an individual. In light of this, the language employed by select authors is of significant interest, as their works serve as a model of personal reinterpretation, while also reflecting their way of life, internal experiences, and the accuracy of their linguistic personality’s depiction of reality. The research presented in this article formulates and outlines methods for expressing the emotional concept of “sadness”, using the stories of Transcarpathian writer Andriy Lyubka as an exemplar. The emotional state of sadness has long captivated the attention of scholars across diverse fields of study. This is primarily because, alongside joy, it represents one of the two fundamental, polar emotions. The concept of sadness is universal, as it is comprehensible and relatable across all societies. Individuals can find themselves residing at the intersection of various intervals of sadness, which may arise from losses, disappointments, or physical and emotional pain. Given the universal and profound nature of this emotion, an exploration of Andrii Lyubka’s literary works allows for an examination of how the emotional concept of “sadness” is expressed across multiple language levels, including phraseology, stylistics, phonetics, morphology, and non-verbal communication. This research provides numerous examples that illustrate the description, usage, and implementation of the “sadness” concept within both written texts and spoken language. Key words: cognitive linguistics, linguistics of emotions, concept, emotional concept, emotional picture of the world, Andrii Lyubka.