The vestibular system is one of the sensory systems which contributes to the sense of balance and spatial orientation. This also participates in the autonomic nervous response, which stimulation of the peripheral vestibular organs induces sympathoexcitation. This response is observed in both rodents and human beings, and we have reported that vestibular system contributes to the arterial pressure response during postural change as one of the feedforward control system (Morita, Abe et al., Sci Rep, 2016). In the other autonomic nervous responses, stimulation of the otolith organs in the inner ear induces hypothermia; exposure to the hypergravity environment decreases body temperature by 8 degree Celsius in mice. This response was attenuated by vestibular lesion or genetic deletion of otolith. In order to elucidate the central mechanism of hypergravity‐induced hypothermia, we examined the role of Vglut2, Vgat and ChAT neurons in vestibular nucleus complex (VNC) on thermoregulation in mice. We used Vglut2‐cre, Vgat‐cre, and ChAT‐cre mice to manipulate each neuron in VNC. Based on the previous work (Abe et al., Nat Neurosci, 2017), AAV‐DIO type viral vector was injected in VNC to express photo sensors (channelrhodopsin or archaerhodopsin) for optogenetics or hM3D(Gq) for chemogenetics. Unilateral photostimulation of the Vglut2 neurons in VNC induced body tilt to the ipsilateral side, while photoinhibition induced body tilt to the contralateral side. In Vgat‐cre mice, opposite response was observed compared with Vglut2‐cre mouse. Photostimulation of ChAT neurons did not show any responses. Chemogenetics stimulation of Vglut2 neurons showed hypothermia with increasing in activity, while Vgat stimulation increased body temperature with decreasing in activity. Deletion of Vglut2 neurons in VNC using AAV2–DIO–taCasp3–TEVp attenuated hypothermia induced by hypergravity exposure. On the other hand, hypothermia was still observed by deletion of Vgat neurons in VNC. Interestingly, chemogenetics stimulation of Vglut2 neurons in VNC 2 days before hypergravity exposure, the hypothermia was attenuated. Taken together, hypothermia induced by hypergravity exposure is due to activation of Vglut2 neurons in VNC.Support or Funding InformationGrant‐in‐Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas 15H05940 (HM) and 18H04974 (CA), Grant‐in‐Aid for Scientific Research (C) 18K06850 (HM), The Takeda Science Foundation (CA), The Uehara Memorial Foundation (CA), Kato Memorial Bioscience Foundation (CA), The Nakatomi Foundation (CA)This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2019 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal.